• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A fluidized bed for the thermal treatment of glass articles is maintained in a quiescent uniformly expanded state of particulate fluidization by establishing a high pressure drop across a porous membrane through which fluidizing gas is supplied to the bed, of at least 60% of the pressure at which the fluidizing gas is supplied to a plenum chamber beneath the membrane.
    公开号:SU919590A3
    申请号:SU772494157
    申请日:1977-06-09
    公开日:1982-04-07
    发明作者:Питер Кросс Рэймонд
    申请人:Пилкингтон Бразерс Лимитед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    E9 and the flange 5 of the container 1, the sleeve 12 and the upper gasket 13i are located behind the press between the edges of the wire mesh 1 1 and the sleeve 12. The fastening devices in the form of thin steel plates 1 reinforce the upper surface of the paper layers, creating a minimal obstacle to the flow of the fluidizing gas through plate. The plates 1t pass across the base of the container 1 and their ends are welded to the sleeve 12. The plates Tt are mounted on the edges across the top surface of the paper layers so that their faces touch the top surface of the plate 2. In the preferred embodiment the plates 1 have a height of 5.0 cm and a thickness of 0 , 6 cm. When the device is operating, the lump material 15 in the tank 1 is liquefied with air supplied at a controlled pressure to the high pressure chamber through the gas pipeline 8. The plate 2 is arranged so that the fluidizing gas flows evenly into fluid layers all over its base to keep the layer in a static and evenly expanded state of liquefied particles. The lump material 15 constituting the fluidized beds is an inert refractory material, for example f-alumina, with a particle size in the range of 20–1.0 microns with an average particle size of 6 microns. The depth of the layer may be at least 60 cm. For example, the dimensions of the container 1 holding the fluidized bed are 38 x 215 x 100 cm depth. On the plate 2 there is a 15 layer of paper 10, each layer of paper 10 having a thickness of 0.23 mm and air permeability at a normal temperature of 4.6 l / s-m with a pressure of 1.0 kN / m. The fluidizing air is supplied to the high pressure chamber 7 under a pressure of 2 pN / m. The pressure drop on plate 2 with paper layers of 10 - ll.t kN / m and the pressure drop along the height of the fluidized bed is 9 kN / m. The pressure drop on the plate 2 with layers of paper 10 - 60 from the air pressure supplied to the high pressure chamber / chamber 7. The surface of the fluidized bed is near the top of the tank. The high pressure drop on plate 2 with layers of paper 10 ensures uniform distribution of the flow of fluidizing gas in tank 1 over the upper face of plate 2 with layers of paper 10 so that lumpy material 15 is maintained in a stationary uniformly expanded state of liquefied particles. By adjusting the pressure in the High Pressure Chamber 7, the flow rate of the gas through the lump material is controlled. By adjusting the high pressure, the lump material is in a stationary uniformly expanded state of liquefied particles. During operation of the proposed device, it has been established that a higher pressure drop across plate 2 with layers of paper 10 improves the fluidization stability of the bulk material, up to a limit beyond which stability does not improve already. The used plate 2 contains twenty layers of thin paper 0.05 mm thick with an air permeability of 0.25 at a normal pressure of 0.1 kN / m. To fluidize the above material from -Y-alumina with a depth of 10 cm, it is required to supply air at a pressure of 52 kN / m. The resulting pressure drop over the layer height is 9 kN / m-, and the pressure drop on the plate is 2-43 kN / m. In this case, the pressure drop on the plate is 85 of the pressure of the supplied air. The plate can be designed in such a way that the pressure drop on it is more than 85. The only limitation of the pressure drop is associated with the resistance of the plate overcome by the pressure in the high pressure chamber. It has been found that with an increase in the pressure drop across the membrane, the upper limit of the velocity and the gas at which the maximum expansion of the layer occurs before active sparging also increases up to the limiting value. This device increases the range of gas velocities within which the layer can operate in a stationary uniformly expanded state of liquefied particles. The following types of paper were used in the manufacture of a plate with paper layers: paper L with a thickness of 0.23 mm and air permeability of 0.5 l / s-m at 0.1 kN / m and paper B with a thickness of 0.05 mm and air permeability: 0.25 l / s "m at 0.1 kN / m. Working with -jp-alumina particles with a density of 2.2 g / cm, a particle size in the region of 20-160 microns, with an average particle size of 6Q microns, three experiments were carried out, the conditions of which are given in Table. 1. Table. Similar experiments were carried out with a porous aluminosilicate powder material, each particle of which contains 13 wt. alumina and 86 cream with a particle size of up to 150 microns with an average size of 60 microns and a particle density of 1.22 g / cm. The obtained results are shown in Table 2, Tab. 2 9 06 It was established that the magnitude of the pressure drop on the plate with paper layers is associated with reinforcing stresses of 1 Я Я ми arising in a glass sheet immersed in a fluidized bed . A higher pressure drop, up to the allowable limit, brings the state in which the layer is as wide as possible while maintaining the stationary fluidization state. At maximum expansion, the layer has a low viscosity, for which estimates hot glass sheets can easily enter into the layer with a minimum impact on the bent or Shuy sheet shape. Near the state of maximum expansion of the layer in glass, higher central tensile forces develop, as shown in Table 2. , which shows the results of experiments using the same Y alumina material as in the experiments table. 1. Sheets of glass with a thickness of 3 mm are heated before and dipped into a layer 60 cm deep, which is at room temperature or somewhat higher temperature. Table
    The following experiments were carried out with direct-alumina with particles of an average size of 29 microns and a density of 3.97 r / ctr. The results are shown in Table. 3Table 345
    In general, a pressure drop of at least 60 on the membrane 2 makes it possible to heat treat glass products, in particular the hardening of glass sheets for vehicle windshields, in a fluidized bed with a depth of at least 60 cm, for example,
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    150 cm, from lumpy material with a particle density of at least 1, 0 g / cm,. for example, 1.0-, 0 g / cm, which is in a stationary uniformly expanded state of the liquefied particles. Claim 1 "Device for creating a fluidized bed, mainly during glass tempering, including a perforated steel plate and a gas pipeline, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the glass by providing a pressure drop on the perforated plate, 60-85% of the pressure applied gas. The perforated plate is provided with layers of paper with an air permeability of 0.0255 0.03 l / cm at normal temperature and a pressure of 0.1 kN / m.
    [2]
    2. The device according to claim 1, about tons of l and so that it is provided with plates mounted on the upper surface of the layers of paper. Sources of information {Taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate W 5581A2, cl. F 27 B 15/00, 23-02.76 (prototype).
    类似技术:
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    US2504215A|1950-04-18|Catalyst chamber
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    US2522354A|1950-09-12|Gas-solid contact apparatus
    GB1558969A|1980-01-09|Fluidised beds
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK254977A|1977-12-11|
    AR213960A1|1979-04-11|
    PL198763A1|1978-04-10|
    NZ184333A|1980-02-21|
    DD133084A5|1978-12-06|
    US4120680A|1978-10-17|
    CA1083354A|1980-08-12|
    FR2354130B1|1983-01-14|
    DE2726357A1|1977-12-22|
    BR7703737A|1978-04-04|
    SE7706622L|1977-12-11|
    FI60855B|1981-12-31|
    BE855560A|1977-12-09|
    AT368983B|1982-11-25|
    CS209460B2|1981-12-31|
    PL112475B1|1980-10-31|
    IT1083422B|1985-05-21|
    SE418075B|1981-05-04|
    ZA773455B|1979-01-31|
    FI60855C|1982-04-13|
    GB1556052A|1979-11-21|
    NL7706289A|1977-12-13|
    NO771989L|1977-12-13|
    IE45209B1|1982-07-14|
    IE45209L|1977-12-10|
    ES459638A1|1978-04-01|
    FR2354130A1|1978-01-06|
    JPS5316364A|1978-02-15|
    NO142572C|1980-09-10|
    NO142572B|1980-06-02|
    FI771818A|1977-12-11|
    JPS611671B2|1986-01-18|
    ATA405477A|1982-04-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    BE521712A|1952-07-28|
    BE539784A|1954-07-16|
    US2940735A|1957-10-28|1960-06-14|Aluminum Co Of America|Heat exchange apparatus|
    GB885226A|1958-03-07|1961-12-20|Mather & Platt Ltd|Improvements relating to machines for the heat treatment of textile materials|
    US3298793A|1963-04-04|1967-01-17|Badger Co|Fluid bed diffusion|
    US3423198A|1965-06-14|1969-01-21|Permaglass|Method for tempering glass utilizing an organic polymer gaseous suspension|
    GB1466751A|1974-07-22|1977-03-09|Emhart Uk Ltd|Systems for transferring heat|
    GB1556051A|1975-08-29|1979-11-21|Pilkington Brothers Ltd|Thermal treatment of glass|
    IE43523B1|1975-08-29|1981-03-25|Pilkington Brothers Ltd|Improvements in or relating to the thermal treatment of glass|LU80019A1|1978-07-21|1980-02-14|Bfg Glassgroup|PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATING GLASS AND PRODUCT OBTAINED|
    HU179174B|1979-09-14|1982-08-28|Eroemue Es Halozattervezoe|Process and apparatus for transferring and housing radioactive and/or other dangerous materials|
    FR2480137B1|1980-04-09|1984-05-11|Saint Gobain Vitrage|
    US4805656A|1983-04-04|1989-02-21|Facet Enterprises Inc.|Porous composite structure|
    GB2141043B|1983-06-11|1987-01-07|Clh Eng Ltd|Removable module for fluidised bed apparatus|
    US4643753A|1985-08-07|1987-02-17|Potters Industries, Inc.|Method for making spherical particles|
    US4887363A|1987-07-08|1989-12-19|Nordson Corporation|Fluidized bed hopper|
    FR2845982B1|2002-10-16|2005-03-04|Thel Etb|FLUIDIZED FLUIDIZED BED-SLUDER INCINERATOR CONTROLLING SLUDGE IN A LOWER PART OF THE BED- PNEUMATIC INTRUSION DRY SLUDGE AND CIRCULATING MASS BASED IN INCINERATOR|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB24124/76A|GB1556052A|1976-06-10|1976-06-10|Fluidised bed methods and apparatus for thermally treating glass|
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