• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1440228 Prilling apparatus NORSK HYDRO AS 12 July 1973 [8 March 1973] 33365/73 Heading B5A [Also in Division B2] A prilling container 1, rotated about its vertical axis, has vertically spaced zones of spraying orifices arranged in its wall, and each zone is fed separately with liquid in an annular stream. The liquid is fed into the container through a series of coaxial tubes 4 and is emitted therefrom as annular streams into spray zones 5-8. The container may be cylindrical and the tubes frusto-conical. Each liquid stream may be separately controlled; one or more of the tubes may be rotated about its axis in the same or opposite direction to that of the container.
    公开号:SU856372A3
    申请号:SU742004618
    申请日:1974-03-07
    公开日:1981-08-15
    发明作者:Андреас Фрайстад Исак
    申请人:Норск Гидро А.С. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) METHOD FOR GRANULATING A LIQUID MATERIAL AND A DEVICE FOR IT The invention relates to the granulation of liquid materials. A known method of granulating a liquid material in which a molten or concentrated warm or hot solution, which may contain solid particles, is fed into a ladle rotating around a vertical axis, the material is divided into jets. WHEN A FREE DROP is crushed into droplets cooled by a gas stream 13. After granulating the slurries, it is desirable to have large holes in the granulating bucket to prevent them from clogging. By reducing the total flow of the liquid material, it is possible to reduce the material consumption through one hole, to get thin jets and, as a result, small grains or granules. In granular buckets with large openings for obtaining small drops create a large difference between the speeds of the wall of the bucket and the liquid material (aojibmoe slippage), with this method the material is fed into the holes almost tangentially with respect to the wall of the bucket and the ratio of bottom of the meter of granules to the diameter of the hole is less than 1: 2. In order to increase slippage, a body having a surface similar to the surface of the bucket is placed inside the bucket in a known device. A known method of granulating a liquid material is by feeding the material to the holes of a perforated ladle rotated around a vertical axis, and then solidifying the droplets to form granules. The perforated walls of the granulating bucket inside and along the entire circumference are provided with a multitude of projections and blades. Between any two blades in the wall of the bucket there are a number of holes G23. Liquid material is fed into the bucket through the top. The amount of liquid material that has not flowed out through the upper part of the granulating ladle passes downward into the container through horizontal vanes and is sprayed from the lower zones of the row of holes. The hydraulic pressure in each hole will thus be the same. Pick up the number of holes, hole holes, width of the holes, axial
    the speed and speed of rotation, you can get the granules of the desired size, as well as the uniformity of the size of the granules from all the holes.
    However, the liquid material rotates at an angular velocity of the bucket, i.e. without slipping. Even if one tries to get such a slippage, then a multitude of protrusions (or blades) will twist the fluid with the same angular velocity and make this slipping insignificant. Therefore, the diameter of the hole should be relatively small, which increases the risk of clogging. Therefore, this device is not suitable for granulating liquid materials containing solid particles, in particular suspensions. The many blades inside the granulated iron bucket, in addition, will make cleaning it quite laborious.
    The use of a granulating ladle is especially important when granulating melts and fertilizer suspensions. Plants use granulating buckets, with an output of more than 100 t / h,
    The difficulty in choosing a suitable distribution of holes in a perforated bucket increases with increasing overall productivity. This means that the maximum spreading distance for the droplets increases to some extent with increasing productivity. The granule size distribution of the product tends to be wider. The reason may be that, with an increase in the | | production, the flow distribution inside the granulating ladle becomes more complex. Turbulence increases, local pressure waves appear.
    When the sprayed droplets harden when they fall through the cooling tower, it is desirable to keep the maximum dispersion distance of droplets as low as possible in order to reduce the cost of the tower and to obtain high cooling air efficiency and to avoid deposition of hardened material on the inner walls of the granulating bucket.
    The purpose of the invention is to significantly reduce the spacing of droplets in the cooling tower so that the diameter of the latter can be reduced and at the same time to prevent clogging of the holes in the bucket 5 to produce granules of small diameter. The goal is achieved according to the method of feeding the liquid material to the perforations of the granulating bucket, which, rotating around a vertical axis, sprays the supplied material through the holes in the walls of the bucket, forming droplets that harden
    Pellets are formed and formed, the liquid is fed into the granulating ladle as a set of annular laminar flows, each of these flows being directed to separate zones of a series of holes in the ladle, separated by hems.
    Laminar streams can be thought of as stratified streams that can vary in thickness. Each flow can be supplied and adjusted separately and can be directed to different zones of a series of openings of the bucket wall. Through this, it is possible to achieve maximum and increased productivity of a certain granulating ladle, which cannot be achieved by conventional methods. Moreover, such a separate feed makes it possible, for example, to obtain a product consisting of a mechanical mixture of slow-acting and fast-acting fertilizers. If desired, various colorants may be added to one or more zones to mark the product.
    As indicated, each of the streams of liquid material is directed to vertically separated, distinct zones of a series of holes. Each of the streams ends inside the bucket at some distance from the perforated bucket wall, whereby the wall in the granulating bucket is divided into vertically divided, distinct zones of a series of holes. However, it is preferable to direct the annular laminar flows of the liquid material near the zones of the openings of the bucket wall. In this way, maximum slippage is achieved on the bucket wall.
    The method provides a greater degree of control over the supply of the liquid material to the various zones of the perforations in the wall of the granulating ladle. This achieves a better adjustment when a favorable ratio is reached between the perforation area available in each zone and feed to that zone. Due to the fact that it is possible to select a low average flow rate per hole, the scattering distance, and hence the diameter of the cooling tower, can be reduced.
    The method can be carried out in various ways. The annular flows of the supplied liquid material can be directed asymmetrically or coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation of the granulating bucket. If different streams are directed asymmetrically with respect to the zones of the row of openings of the wall of the granulating bucket, so that the annular flows are directed near or close to the walls of the bucket, then the liquid material due to the rotation of the granulating bucket flows to the holes vertically oscillating, and therefore has a cleansing and cleaning action on the holes in the bucket wall. The dividing line between different zones of the row of openings of the wall of the shaft can be more or less expressed depending on whether the flows of liquid material are directed directly to the zones of the row of openings of the wall of the bucket wall, or the streams end inside the bucket at some distance from the zones a series of holes. Each zone may be provided with one or more rows of holes. With a more or less defined dividing line between zones, perforation screwdrivers: you can lower them, if necessary. A device for carrying out the method comprises a bucket rotating around a vertical axis with a perforated wall; Inside the bucket there are pipes that are concentrically mounted with respect to the axis of rotation of the bucket, the lower ends of the pipes are located near the perforated wall along horizontal planes. Preferably, the pipes are stationary. However, in some cases it is more expedient to have one or several pipes rotate around a vertical axis in the same or opposite direction of rotation as the granulating bucket. In this way, the degree of slippage can be controlled. The horizontal cross-section of the pipes can be made corrugated. Figure 1 shows a prior art granulating device; Figures 2-4 show embodiments of the proposed device. The granulating bucket 1 is made conical or cylindrical, mounted on a vertical shaft 2 and provided with a pipe 3 for introducing the granulated material. In the device, liquid matter is supplied in the form of laminar flows through a plurality of annular ducts, which are separated by pipes 4 arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation, and the lower ends of the pipes end inside the ladle and are located in horizontal planes near the wall of the ladle, whereby the latter is broken into separate zones of rows of holes 5-7 and 8. The number of rows of holes in each zone and the diameter of the holes may vary, and the number of zones will depend on the size of the granulating bucket. If the perforated bucket wall is cylindrical or slightly conical (the upper part has a larger diameter), it is better to use the devices shown in Figs. 3 and 4, in which the liquid material is supplied in the form of laminar flows through a plurality of annular ducts 9, which are separated by conical pipes 4 , having the smallest diameter at the top. FIG. 3 shows how a feeding device can be designed in the case of a granulating ladle having a relatively small taper. Concentric distribution tubes 4 are made conical. In tubes, the wall thickness increases in the direction of the walls of the granulating ladle in order to obtain a solid construction, as well as to obtain a large surface area of the tubes adjacent to the walls of the ladle so that the edges of the tubes do not wear out too fast due to erosion. The edges of the tubes can be coated with an abrasion resistant material. Figure 4 shows the feeding device in a relatively large, cylindrical granulating ladle. The number of horizontally located zones of the rows of holes to which the total feed flow is distributed using the feeding device can be varied depending on the effect desired. Theoretically, maximum regulation can be achieved using one feed zone per row of holes. A secondary effect is achieved with a feeder. Due to the fact that the delivery duct ends inside the granulating bucket at a very short distance from its wall (s), very large frictional forces develop in the liquid feed material. This causes a decrease in the viscosity of the suspensions, which are often pseudoplastic. Moreover, the age of the Zet is already a large difference in the velocities of the liquid material and the wall of the bucket. The high degree of slippage causes the material to enter the holes almost tangentially. As a result, the holes can be made large, but they still give thin jets. This reduces the risk of clogging of the holes. This fact, together with a decrease in viscosity and controlled flow, allows the diameter of the granulating tower to be reduced. As stated, pipes 4 are typically Fixed, although they can also rotate. The smaller the scorptage difference between the pipes 9 and the granulating ladle 1, the smaller the slippage achieved and the smaller the diameter of the holes. In the case of pure melts or concentrated solutions, the viscosity of which and the risk of clogging are not critical, a slight difference in velocity may be needed because this results in a more stable flow pattern through oTBepcTH. In the case of large granular buckets with large tubes and pseudoplastic viscous suspensions, it may be necessary to maintain a low viscosity by spinning the tubes. In order to also obtain a greater degree of slippage, the pipes can be made to rotate in the direction opposite to the direction of the pelleting bucket. Example 1. The granulating ladle shown in Fig. 1 has an internal diameter of 150 mm at the top row of holes, and a diameter of 80 mm at the bottom row of holes. The distance between the upper and lower rows of holes is 200 mm. There are 64 rows of holes in the bucket, each row containing 35 holes, the total number of holes being 2240. In the upper row the hole diameter is 3.8 mm. The diameter of the holes decreases gradually downwards so that the holes in the lower row have a diameter of 2.4 mm. From above, a suspension containing a nearly anhydrous ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate melt is fed into the granulating ladle at a rate of 31 t / h together with undissolved solid particles of approximately 14 wt.%, Which are mainly calcium phosphate. About 10 wt.% Of the suspension consists of recycled fine granules of solidified product having a particle size of less than 1.5 mm. The suspension is swept under. The bucket is rotated at a speed of 630 rpm. Spray cans fall freely in a cooling tower of 35 meters height. The main part of the hardened gran falls at a distance of 5.8 m from the center of the tower. The maximum distance of throwing is 7 m from the center. The resulting product has the following composition: + 4 mm 1.0 wt.% -4 mm to + 3 mm 2.5 wt.% -3 mm to + 2 mm 33.5 wt.% -2 mm to + 1.5 mm 42.4 wt.% -1.5 mm to + 1.0 mm 14.8 wt.% -1.0 mm to + 0.5 mm 5.5 wt.% -0.5 mm0.3 wt.% Example 2 The test of example 1 is carried out, but the feeding device shown in Fig. E is used, the six concentric pipes containing a larger number of labor 4epejs have a total feed rate of 31 t / h coming close to the walls in six zones close to the walls. In order to teach the same average granule size as in example 1, the rotation speed of the granulating ladle is reduced by up to 520 rpm. The main part of the granules falls 5.0 m from the middle of the tower. The maximum spreading distance is only 6 m from the center. Example 3. The granulating grain (fig, 1) has the same internal dimensions as in example 1, but the distribution of the holes is different, and the number of holes is 30. The diameter of the holes decreases gradually from 4.6 mm at the top to 3.6 mm in the bottom row of holes. The number of holes was 70 in the upper row and forty-six in the lower row of holes. The total number of holes was 1600. Through the top of the granulating ladle, at a speed of 22 t / h, the suspension was of the same composition as in examples 1 and 2. However, 23% by weight of the suspension consists of too small recycled granules with a size less than 1.5 mm . The suspension is sprayed at 145 ° C. The bucket is rotated at 900 rpm. Spray drops fall freely in a 35-meter cooling tower. The main part of the hardened granules falls 7.5 m from the middle of the tower. The maximum spread distance is 9 m from the center of the tower. Example 4. The test of Example 3 was carried out using the feed device shown in Fig. 2, the feed material was fed through six concentric tubes, ending with inside the bucket, directly adjacent to the perforated bucket wall in six different horizontal zones of the row of holes. In order to obtain the same average granule size as in Example 3, the rotation speed of the bucket is reduced to 750. The main part of the hardened granules falls 5.2 m from the center of the tower. The maximum dispersion distance is reduced to 6.5 m. The following distribution of the size of the solidified granules obtained in accordance with examples 3 and 4 was obtained: -4 mm 0, 5 weight. % -4mmdo + 3mm 4.5 wt.% - 3 -MM to + 2.5 mm 7.5 wt.% -2.5 mm to + 2.0 mm 25.5 wt.% -2.0 mm to + 1.5 mm 36.0 wt.% -1.5 mm to + 1.0 mm 16.0 wt.% -1.0 mm to + 0.8 mm 9.5 wt.% -O, 5 mm0.5 wt.% In the examples given, the liquid material used is a nitrogen-phosphate fertilizer melt containing suspended solid particles. The use of the invention allows to obtain granules of small size, which allows to reduce the height of the granulation tower. In addition, the creation of high material slippage will increase the diameter of the holes in the granulating ladle and, therefore, prevent them from clogging up when granulating materials containing solid particles. A decrease in the rotational speed leads to a decrease in the dispersion distance of the droplets and, consequently, to a decrease in the diameter of the tower.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. A method of granulating a liquid material by feeding a liquid material & to the holes of the perforated bucket, rotary degos around a vertical axis, characterized in that, in order to reduce the distance pa36pc, ja drops, reduce the diameter of the cooling tower and prevent clogging of the holes in the bucket, the supplied liquid is introduced into the bucket as a plurality of circular laminar flows, each of these streams being supplied to separate zones of a series of holes in the ladle located in n® verticals.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the annular laminar flows of the liquid material are brought close to the zones of the row of apertures made in the wall.
    [3]
    3. A device for carrying out the process according to the PL, made in the form of a rotary knock around the vertical axis of the bucket with a perforated wall, characterized in that the bucket is equipped with pipes concentrically mounted with respect to the axis of rotation of the bucket, with the pipes in the lower part open in the horizontal
    0 plane near the perforated wall of the bucket.
    [4]
    4. A pop-up device, characterized in that the pipes are configured to rotate in a circle of their vertical axes.
    [5]
    5. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that the horizontal cross-section of the pipe is corrugated.
    0
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. The patent of Norway No. 122298, cl. 82 at, 6/02, 16.09.71.
    2.Patent of England No. 1126199,
    5 cl. 85 A, 09/05/68.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    DK134846B|1977-01-31|
    BR7401712D0|1974-11-19|
    RO65208A|1980-07-15|
    AU472398B2|1976-05-20|
    TR17609A|1975-07-23|
    IT1008394B|1976-11-10|
    HU171017B|1977-10-28|
    EG11286A|1977-08-15|
    GB1440228A|1976-06-23|
    JPS49123848A|1974-11-27|
    NO132338B|1975-07-21|
    AU6631474A|1975-09-11|
    ES424039A1|1976-05-16|
    DE2411024A1|1974-09-26|
    DE2411024B2|1975-09-25|
    CA1026514A|1978-02-21|
    DD114234A5|1975-07-20|
    BE812088A|1974-07-01|
    NL177802B|1985-07-01|
    NO132338C|1975-10-29|
    FI52172C|1977-07-11|
    NL177802C|1985-12-02|
    FR2220300A1|1974-10-04|
    FR2220300B1|1976-10-08|
    DK134846C|1977-06-20|
    NL7403173A|1974-09-10|
    US3900164A|1975-08-19|
    IN141886B|1977-04-30|
    FI52172B|1977-03-31|
    SE393753B|1977-05-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2321432A|1942-07-07|1943-06-08|Budd Induction Heating Inc|Method of quenching heated surfaces|
    US3144209A|1961-10-20|1964-08-11|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Rotatable spray apparatus|
    NO122298B|1967-10-25|1971-06-07|Norsk Hydro Elektrisk|JPS6240172U|1985-08-29|1987-03-10|
    US6331245B1|1999-11-23|2001-12-18|Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc.|Petroleum resid pelletization|
    EP1186347A1|2000-09-05|2002-03-13|F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag|Method and device for spraying liquids|
    NO20081300L|2008-03-12|2009-09-14|Alu Innovation As|Device for supplying fluid to a liquid|
    DE102010032021B4|2010-07-16|2016-09-29|Sandvik Materials Technology Deutschland Gmbh|Process for producing particles containing ammonium nitrate|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO942/73A|NO132338C|1973-03-08|1973-03-08|
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