• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1465131 Controlling spraying apparatus on vehicles M C J LESTRADET 18 July 1974 [4 April 1974] 31899/74 Heading AID [Also in Division G3] In spraying apparatus for use on a vehicle eg to spray fertilizers or insecticides, the material to be sprayed passes from tank 1 via pump 3 and distribution chamber 7 to spray means 8, the pump being by-passed by a controllable valve 6. To vary the spray according to the vehicle speed, the valve is controlled by the difference between a signal dependent upon the pressure in chamber 7 and a reference signal derived from the sensed vehicle speed and the desired spray rate. As shown, computer 12 calculates the reference signal using the speed dependent signal from tachogenerator 13, connected to a non- driven vehicle wheel, a desired spray rate set at 14 and a signal from 15 that varies with the type of spray nozzle 28 used. The comparison at 10 between the reference signal and a pressure dependent signal from sensor 11 is used to control the valve 6 using servo motor 9. The computer 12 may be digital, analogue or hybrid.
    公开号:SU786849A3
    申请号:SU742084660
    申请日:1974-12-19
    公开日:1980-12-07
    发明作者:Сирий Жюстен Лестрад Морис
    申请人:за эитель；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a mobile irrigation plant, the returns of which are adjusted depending on the speed of movement of the vehicle. This type of mobile irrigation system can be used in agriculture, for example, for spraying liquids, namely fertilizers or insecticides. | 0
    Known irrigation installations containing a reservoir with a sprayed product, a pump with an adjusting valve located in the pipeline, a speed sensor, a supply pipeline “g spray ramp flj.
    These devices require that an operator with a pre-arranged table determine, on the one hand, the type of spray nozzles with which the spray ramp should be equipped, and, on the other hand, the average spray rate. Depending on the amount of the substance being sprayed, taking into account this data, the proportional adjustment circuit 25 automatically adjusts the valve around the set values.
    As a result, the mechanic must perform a variety of operations that
    It is advisable to minimize them by maximizing their automation.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase labor productivity.
    The goal is achieved by the fact that the mobile irrigation installation is equipped with a computing unit, an indicator of the flow rate of the sprayed product and an indicator of nozzles, with one of the inputs of the computing unit connected to the speed sensor, and the other two, respectively, with the flow indicator of the sprayed product and the nozzle indicator, and the output by means of a regulator and a servomotor, a pressure gauge with which a regulator input is connected is connected to the control valve; as well as the fact that the computing unit contains a transducer converter, a squaring device, a divider whose inputs are connected to a nozzle indicator, and the output through a multiplier is connected to the input of the squaring device and the output of the converter to which the speed sensor is connected, the fact that the computing unit contains a rectifier, a potentiometer matching device, an optional additional potentiometer matching device and a squaring device are connected e consistently, in that the computing unit contains a pulse generator, a counter, an analog numeric converter, a clock generator, a numeric
    operator, encoders, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the numeric,; operator, one of the inputs of which is connected to a pulse generator by means of a counter, and the second is connected to a clock generator, the outputs of which are connected to a numerical converter and a counter, and the output of a numerical operator is connected to a numerical converter, so that the controller contains error sensors , a control device, a voltage converter, a modulator, a comparator, the inputs of which are connected to a pressure gauge and a computing unit, and the output via error sensors to the control device and through a voltage converter, and a module Torus - to the inputs of the error sensors.
    FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an irrigation installation; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of a computing unit for an irrigation installation; in fig. 3 is a block diagram of a computing unit using analog technology; in fig. 4 is a block diagram of a computing unit using digital equipment; in fig. 5 is a block diagram of the controller.
    The tank 1, which encloses the liquid to be sprayed, and is equipped with a device for indicating the level of the liquid or the amount of sprayed liquid (not indicated in the drawing), is connected by a pipe 2 to the inlet of the pump 3, the outlet of which is connected to the supply pipe 4. The supply pipe 4 is connected with tank 1 pipeline 5 with the adjusting valve b; The supply pipe 4 is also connected to a distribution chamber - 7, into which a sprayed liquid is supplied through it and the outlet opening is connected to a spray ramp 8 equipped with spray bodies (not shown), for example, with nozzles.
    Opening the regulating valve 6 is controlled by the servomotor 9 The regulator 10 transmits to the servomotor 9 (if necessary) energy from a source (not shown), for example, from an ak battery. cumul of torus t gacha.
     The regulator 10 receives electrical signals, on the one hand, from a pressure gauge 11, which marks the pressure in the distribution chamber 7 and,
    on the other hand, from computing unit 12. Signals from computing unit 12 are generated, on the one hand, depending on the speed measured by speed sensor 13, for example, a tachogenerator electrically connected to computing unit 12, and on the other hand, depending from the indication of the indicator of the consumption of the sprayed product 14 and the indicator of the consumption of the nozzles 15.
    In addition, the computing unit 12 sends signals to the protection unit 16, equipped with a visual display device 17, which informs the driver of the sprayer or the appropriate sprayer body about the normal state or order of acceleration or deceleration, depending on whether or not the controller is end of turn. This visual display device 17 can be made in the form of a set of three signal lamps, one of which is lit permanently to indicate the existing working condition.
    A pressure gauge 18 for indicating pressure in the distribution chamber 7 permits continuous monitoring of this pressure, regardless of the marks of pressure gauge 11, for example, electric. The speed can also be visually displayed due to the presence of a measuring device and a visual speed indication (not shown), independently or depending on from the voltage supplied by the speed sensor 13. The speed sensor 13 is turned on so as to make a measurement on the non-driving wheel of the sprayer so that this measurement does not give the error introduced possible slip.
    By simultaneously reading the fluid level at the respective display unit and the distance traveled by the irrigation plant, the operator can check the deployment of the spraying operation.
    The controller 10 receives the reference signal from the computing unit 1 to which two signals are sent, respectively, from two indicators 14 and 15, hand-held and located, for example, on the front panel of the adjusting device, indicator 14 provides an indication of the issue, which should be received, and indicator 15 provides an indication of the nozzles, since the flow cross section of the latter affects the amount of liquid to be cross-linked.
    The structure of the computing unit 12 is determined by the outcome, from a whole range of data, in particular, it is determined by the relationship existing between the pressure P in the distribution chamber 7 / the amount of sprayed liquid Q (in liters), the vehicle speed (in km / h) processed area (in hectares by the coefficient k characterizing the nozzles used in the spray ramp, and the width of the soil covered by the nozzle during the vehicle’s passage. If this width is 0.5 m and if above The hectare, the capacity is as follows: QK Computing unit 12 must, therefore, produce a reference voltage that will determine the amount of pressure. This reference voltage applied to regulator 10, which controls the opening of the control valve b, is .function of the amount of the sprayed substance, expressed in liters per hectare and on the nozzle indicated by the indicator 14, and the coefficient k indicated by the indicator 15; it also depends on the speed measured by the sensor 13 If this sensor is a tachogenerator, turn One revolution per meter of soil and delivering 50V at a speed of 100 revolutions per minute, the resulting voltage will be 0.833 V per km / h. If we denote by m the group of numerical coefficients included in the formula P, have: P () 2 k Computing unit 12 contains a divider 19 connected to indicators 14, 15 to perform division, a multiplier 20 connected to one side of the divider output 19 and, on the other hand, with the output of voltage converter 21, you-. operating voltage corresponding to the speed of movement of the vehicle for performing operations - i V and the device 22 squaring intended for performing operation 5-V K A preferred form of execution of the computing unit using analogue technology. Its characteristics are satisfactory, and the cost is low. Its structure is somewhat different in terms of some details from the pariee structure of the described computing unit. Sensors of speed 13 are connected to a device i of rectifying 23, which generates a voltage V, which is fed to a matching device 24. The output of this matching device 24 is connected to a potentiometer 25. The voltage on the slider of potentiometer 25 is equal to QV and this slider. with the input of an additional matching device 26, the output of which is connected with an additional potentiometer 27. At the slider of this potentiometer, a voltage occurs and this slider is connected to the input of a device for squaring 28, the output of which is znikaet reference signal. VELCHIS block 12 may also use digital technology. It has a pulse generator 29, a counter 30. The output of the counter is connected to the numerical operator 31, to which Q and K values are fed from the indicators 14 and 15 through an equalizer 32 and 33. The output of the numerical operator 31 is connected to the input of the analog numerical converter 34 generating voltage corresponding to P. Everything is generally synchronized using a clock generator 35, issuing signals to the counter 30, the numeric operator 31 and the analog numerical converter 34. The block diagram of the controller 10 includes a comparator 36, the output of which Connected with error sensors 37 and 38 and with voltage converter 39, supplying modulator 40, designed to stabilize the control. The frequency of the modulator 40 depends on the amplitude of the error, and its output signal is fed to the error sensors 37 and 38, with the output of the error sensors connected to the control unit 41 of the servomotor. As a result, the servomotor rotates under the action of pulses, which are closer together, the greater the error, so there is enough time for the pressure to be established during the period separating two successive changes in the position of the control valve 6. The group of voltage converter 39 and modulator 40 can be formed by cascades on integrated circuits or on transistors included in the cascade, with the capacitor being charged with a current that depends on the error; the greater the error, the faster the charge . The subsequent stage may be a charge level detector which controls the output transistor, designed to rapidly recharge the capacitor immediately after the charge level and to achieve this. The frequency is the higher, the higher the error voltage. Error sensors 37 and 38 each contain a relay in its collector circuit; the contacts of this relay determine the condition of the arms of the control servo motor bridge 9 and, consequently, the direction of circulation of the supply current of the servo actuator 9, i.e. the direction
    rotation of the servomotor 9 and the adjusting valve 6.
    The device works as follows. The pump takes the substance to be dispensed into tank 1 and injects it into the spray ramp through the distribution chamber.
    The adjustable valve 6 is opened, depending on the measured speed, on the delivery of the sprayed product Q, from the flow area of the used nozzles. If the pressure in the distribution chamber 7 is changed, or if either the speed or speed or the type of nozzles used must be changed, a difference occurs between the pressure signal and the reference signal generated by the computing unit 12 This voltage difference causes the servo motor 9 to rotate those. the change in pressure in the distribution chamber 7. While this pressure is equal to the desired value, the servomotor 9 rotates under the action of pulses, which are all the more removed, the more closely spaced the pressure values, and so on until their equalization is reached.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. A mobile irrigation plant comprising a reservoir with a product Bm, a pump with an adjusting valve located in the pipeline, a speed sensor, a spray ramp supply pipe, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity, it is equipped with a computing unit, an indicator of the flow rate product and nozzle indicator, one of the inputs of the computing unit is connected to the speed sensor, and the other two are connected with the flow indicator of the sprayed product and the indicator m nozzles, and the output through the controller and servomotor is connected to the control valve, while on the supply
    A pressure gauge is installed in the spray ramp pipe with which the regulator input is connected.
    [2]
    2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the computational
    . The block contains a voltage converter, a squaring device, a divider, the inputs of which are connected to the nozzle indicator, and the output is connected via a multiplier to the input of the squaring device and the converter output to which the speed sensor is connected.
    [3]
    3. Installation pop. 1, different from the fact that the computing unit holds the rectifier, the potentiometer matching device, the additional device for matching the additional potentiometer and the squaring device connected in series.
    [4]
    4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the computing unit contains g: pulse generator, analog counter, numeric converter 5, clock generator, numeric operator, encoders, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the numerical operator, one of the inputs connected with a pulse generator through a counter and the second with a clock generator, the outputs of which are connected to a numerical converter and a counter, and the output of a numerical operator is connected with a numerical converter.
    ,
    [5]
    5. The installation according to claim 1, is distinguished by the fact that the controller contains error sensors, a control device, a voltage converter, a modulator, a comparator, the inputs of which are connected to a pressure gauge and a computing unit, and the output through error sensors to a control device and through the voltage converter and the modulator to the inputs of the error sensors.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. Patent SHE No. 3361354, cl. 239-11, 1968.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE428515B|1983-07-11|
    CA1025411A|1978-01-31|
    NL170799B|1982-08-02|
    DK142075A|1975-10-05|
    US4023020A|1977-05-10|
    IT1022154B|1978-03-20|
    GB1465131A|1977-02-23|
    FR2266450A1|1975-10-31|
    OA04803A|1980-08-31|
    DE2447395A1|1975-10-16|
    ES432488A1|1976-11-01|
    FR2266450B1|1978-08-04|
    NL170799C|1983-01-03|
    DE2447395B2|1980-07-03|
    DE2447395C3|1981-04-30|
    BR7501206A|1976-11-16|
    NL7500555A|1975-10-07|
    SE7503374L|1975-10-06|
    BE820582A|1975-02-03|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7412009A|FR2266450B1|1974-04-04|1974-04-04|
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