• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1516523 Starting, stopping and reversing internal combustion engines SOC D'ETUDES DE MACHINES THERMIQUES 11 Sept 1975 [26 Sept 1974] 37337/75 Heading F1K The invention relates to a method of braking an internal combustion engine and starting it in the opposite direction. The engine is provided with a compressed-air starting system comprising a starting air master valve 5 supplying the cylinders 11 through their individual starting valves 9 and connected to a source of compressed air 1 which is itself connected through a cut-off or isolating valve 17 to a pilot compressed-air distributing device 14 driven mechanically from a camshaft of the engine in order to alternately supply and discharge sequentially the pneumatic single acting actuators 44, 45 for opening the starting valves which are adapted to be closed automatically by means of return springs 47. The method consists of successively discontinuing the feeding of the engine with fuel, shifting each cam-shaft to a position for running the engine in the opposite direction, opening the cut-off valve or isolating valve 17 while keeping the starting air master valve 5 closed during the period of slowing down of the engine and then in opening the starting air master valve 5 after the engine braking is achieved and further preventing or obturating the exhausts 27 of all the starting valves in order in a manner known per se, keeping the latter under the pressure of pilot compressed-air and locking them in the open position during the whole braking period in order to slow down the engine by the pumping effect of compressed-air acting on the pistons of the engine via the open starting valves 9 and opening the starting air master valve 5 as well as the exhaust of the starting valves when the engine has slowed down to a rotary speed at which the braking by the starting main compressed air becomes more efficient then the braking by the pumping effect. An obturating valve may be provided on each exhaust conduit 27 of the pilot compressed-air distributing device 14 and control means may be provided for the starting air master valve and each obturating valve which control means is monitored or slaved by engine rotary speed detecting means. U.S. Specifications 3371655 and 3722210 are referred to.
    公开号:SU751335A3
    申请号:SU752174819
    申请日:1975-09-26
    公开日:1980-07-23
    发明作者:Бастенхоф Дирк；Дево Ален
    申请人:Сосьете Д"Этюд Де Машин Термик С.Е.М.Т. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) METHOD OF BRAKING AND REVERSE DIESEL
    one
    The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to engine-building, and can be used in ship power plants or installations of a different purpose for braking and reversing a diesel engine.
    There is a known method of braking and reversing a diesel engine by first disconnecting the fuel supply and communicating the working volumes of the cylinders during the compression stroke with the main starting pipe 1.
    This method is dried by a reversing device that contains a camshaft with two rows of cam discs for forward and reverse, a control mechanism connected to the shaft and to the fuel supply system, and an air start system.
    To reverse the direction of rotation of the crankshaft of a diesel engine during its operation, after interrupting the fuel supply and discharging the camshaft to the position corresponding to the movement in the opposite direction, the main starting compressed air is fed through the starting valves to the engine cylinders during the compression stroke
    Before it stops, then start the diesel in the opposite direction.
    When air is applied during the compression stroke, the pressure in the cylinders at the approach of the pistons to the cm. exceeds the pressure of the main start-up air, and part of it is forced out through the starting valves back into the pipeline.
    The disadvantage of this method is that at a significant speed, as a result of the delay in the operation of the starting valves, especially in multi-cylinder engines,
    10 long pipelines connecting the air distributor to the starting valves, the air supplied during the compression process is also supplied during the expansion process and, instead of braking the engine, it will facilitate its operation in the same way.
    s direction as to the natural stop of the engine.
    The aim of the invention is to reduce the engine braking time.
    This is achieved by the fact that the working volumes of the cylinders communicate with each other through the main start-up pipeline at all cycles until the engine reaches a predetermined rotational speed, after which
    Compressed air is supplied to the cylinders during the compression stroke until the engine is stopped or reversed, and the specified rotational speed is determined from the condition of an increase in the braking torque when the air is applied during the compression stroke compared to the braking torque when the cylinders communicate with each other.
    FIG. 1 shows a graph explaining the proposed method; in fig. 2 - a device for carrying out the proposed method, general view; in fig. 3 - slide, cut.
    On the graph, the braking moment is plotted along the ordinate axis, and the engine crankshaft revolutions are plotted along the abscissa axis. Curve A shows the flow of braking torque, starting at 500 rpm when air is applied to the engine cylinders during the compression process. The braking torque first increases and then becomes zero at a rotational speed Γg, which is lower than the normal ground rotational speed. Under certain circumstances, the braking torque becomes an accelerating torque (curve, located under the x-axis), able to restart the engine in the same direction of rotation. If this new start does not take place, the engine continues to slow down, and the negative braking torque, increasing to the maximum value, decreases to zero at the rotational speed NI, then it becomes positive and continuously increases until the engine stops.
    Curve B shows the flow of braking torque while keeping the starting valves constantly open and communicating the cylinders to one another on all the cycles of the engine. At the beginning of the braking period, the resulting braking torque Ci of the curve B is greater than the braking torque of the curve A. As the rotation slows down, this braking torque decreases and the curve B crosses the curve A at the point Cg, which corresponds to the rotational speed NO of the engine. Then, curve B crosses the abscissa axis before revoking the rotational speed, so that the braking stops or becomes ineffective even before the engine stops.
    When comparing the curves, it can be seen that up to the No rotational speed, it is more advantageous to brake the engine when all cylinders communicate through the starting pipeline at all cycles, and after the NO rotational speed, it is more advantageous to slow down the engine by supplying air in antiphase. Therefore, combining these two methods reduces the engine deceleration time.
    The proposed method of braking and reversing the engine can be carried out by a device containing a source of compressed air connected by a pipeline to the main starting valve and the starting valves of the cylinders and the air distributor
    control air, connected to the same air source and to the control chambers of the starting valves and equipped with discharge chambers of the chambers, made in the housing of the air distributor.
    On each discharge channel an organ of overlap is installed. The main starting valve and each valve body are provided with automatic controls. All discharge channels are connected to the same channel, and the stop is installed in this channel. The discharge channels are located in the housing of the air distributor radially along one circle, and the locking member is made in the form of a cylindrical spool mounted on-the-housing. The device contains a source of compressed
    air 1, connected to the main air starting pipe 2 to the main starting valve 3, which is connected to the starting valve 5 by pipe 4, and to the air distributor 6 connected by pipe 7 to the compressed air source and to the control valve 9 starting valve 9 and equipped with discharge channels 10 located in the housing 11 of the distributor radially in one circle with a locking body 12, made in the form of a spool and mounted on the body, or with a locking body 13 installed m in the conduit 14, to which all the discharge channels are connected, either as individual locking bodies 13 installed on the discharge channel and each fitted together with the main starting valve automatic control means 15.
    The device works as follows.
    5 After stopping the fuel injection and moving the camshaft to the reverse position, the start-up air from the compressed air source 1 is supplied via pipeline 7 to the air distributor 6 and at the same time close or shut off
     organ 12 or shut-off organ 13. Air from the air distributor 6 through pipelines 8 is supplied to the control cavities 9 of the starting valves 5, and as a result of shutting off the discharge channels 10 the starting
    j valves 5 are open and report through the main starting pipeline to the cylinders on all engine cycles until they reach NO, after which the shut-off member 12 or 13 and the main starting valve 3 are opened. Air through the pipes 4 through the starting valves 5 is fed to the engine cylinders compression stroke to a complete stop of the engine.
    Thus, the proposed method and device for its implementation allows J to reduce the engine deceleration time.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. The method of braking and reverse diesel by pre-disconnecting power
    diesel fuel and communication of working volumes of cylinders at the compression stroke with the main start-up air pipeline, characterized in that, in order to reduce the deceleration time, the working volumes of the cylinders communicate with each other through the main start pipeline at all cycles until the engine reaches the specified rotation frequency, after which Compressed air is supplied to the cylinders during the compression stroke until the engine is stopped or reversed, and the specified rotational speed is determined from the condition of an increase in the braking torque air at the compression stroke, compared with the braking torque when the cylinders communicate with each other.
    [2]
    2. An apparatus for carrying out the method of claim 1, comprising a compressed air source connected by a main start-up air line to a main start valve and cylinder start-up valves, and a control air diffuser connected to the same air source and to control chambers of starting valves and provided with discharge channels of the chambers made in the housing of the air distributor, characterized in that an overlap organ is installed on each discharge channel.
    [3]
    3. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that the main starting valve and each valve body are provided with automatic control means.
    [4]
    4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that all discharge channels are connected to one pipeline, and the organ of the overlap is installed in the pipeline.
    [5]
    5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the discharge channels are located radially along one circumference in the housing of the air distributor, and the locking member is made in the form of a cylindrical slide mounted on the housing.
    Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Scheglachev R.V. Reverse systems of ship low-speed diesel engines. L., “Shipbuilding, 1966, p. 195-196.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU751335A3|1980-07-23|Method and device for diesel braking and reversing
    US3591959A|1971-07-13|Engine exhaust gas braking
    JP4393992B2|2010-01-06|Rotary type combustion engine
    US4226216A|1980-10-07|Method of quick pneumatic braking of a diesel engine
    GB1447830A|1976-09-02|Motor vehicle or power craft drive system
    US3141448A|1964-07-21|Pressurized fluid distribution and timing system
    US3877222A|1975-04-15|Method for the operation of an internal combustion engine with afterburner chamber and installation for carrying out the method
    GB1480247A|1977-07-20|Combination engine and air compressor
    US2591892A|1952-04-08|Charging device for internalcombustion engines
    US1318781A|1919-10-14|James mckechnie
    SU775371A1|1980-10-30|Apparatus for starting and reversing i.c. engine
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    SU1390428A1|1988-04-23|Device for starting and reversing multicylinder internal combustion engine
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    SU1474314A1|1989-04-23|Device for compressed air starting ic-engine
    SU1684535A1|1991-10-15|Method and apparatus for starting internal combustion engine
    US2236634A|1941-04-01|Method and means for starting diesel engines
    SU1671943A1|1991-08-23|Starting and reverse device for internal combustion engines
    FR2274794A1|1976-01-09|Engine air starting and braking system - has starter valves both opened and shut by compressed air
    SU576433A2|1977-10-15|Device for regulating air feed to dieselelectric set
    US4384556A|1983-05-24|Valve shut-off arrangement for a multicylinder internal combustion engine
    JPH0626356A|1994-02-01|Engine control device
    US2715393A|1955-08-16|Reversible two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine
    SU1562165A1|1990-05-07|Vehicle method of movement
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2286290B1|1979-09-28|
    BR7506235A|1976-08-03|
    SE7510461L|1976-03-29|
    NL7511332A|1976-03-30|
    AU8481275A|1977-03-24|
    DE2542312A1|1976-04-08|
    DD120510A5|1976-06-12|
    GB1516523A|1978-07-05|
    JPS56614B2|1981-01-08|
    IT1050973B|1981-03-20|
    FR2286290A1|1976-04-23|
    CH589792A5|1977-07-15|
    NO753106L|1976-03-29|
    ES441201A1|1977-03-16|
    FI58539C|1981-02-10|
    FI58539B|1980-10-31|
    JPS5157346A|1976-05-19|
    BE833788A|1976-03-25|
    DE2542312B2|1979-05-10|
    PL115635B1|1981-04-30|
    FI752678A|1976-03-27|
    YU239775A|1983-04-27|
    CS209420B2|1981-12-31|
    US4038825A|1977-08-02|
    DK433675A|1976-03-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1094591A|1908-11-25|1914-04-28|Benjamin Hurd|Automatic controlling means for reversing combustion-engines.|
    US1246361A|1914-06-27|1917-11-13|Henry W Unckles|Internal-combustion engine.|
    US1220805A|1916-06-29|1917-03-27|Carl W Weiss|Air-distributer for internal-combustion engines.|
    US1220011A|1916-08-17|1917-03-20|Salvatore Scognamillo|Electrically-controlled valve mechanism for motors.|
    US1264994A|1917-01-22|1918-05-07|Henry W Sumner|Air starting mechanism for internal-combustion engines.|
    US1723699A|1920-11-30|1929-08-06|Bergsunds Mek Verkst S Aktiebo|Starting and reversing arrangement for internal-combustion engines|
    US1618937A|1925-12-08|1927-02-22|John L Macpherson|Electric valve-operating gear|
    US1866234A|1926-07-16|1932-07-05|Atlas Diesel Ab|Starting and reversing device for multicylinder internal combustion engines|
    GB872386A|1957-02-20|1961-07-12|North Eastern Marine Engineeri|Improvements relating to the stopping of internal combustion engines|FR2366451B1|1976-09-30|1980-11-07|Semt|
    DE3034854A1|1976-10-26|1982-05-13|Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen|Starting air feed for diesel engine - has air feed transfer valve between cylinders closed while starting feed valves are open|
    DE3006619A1|1980-02-22|1981-08-27|Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm|Control mechanism for inlet valve to IC engine combustion chamber - has rocker arm acted on by two rotating cams with relatively adjustable angular positions|
    CA2012027C|1990-03-13|1996-04-23|Albert D'amours|Reverse rotation engine|
    JP3446807B2|1997-09-17|2003-09-16|国産電機株式会社|Rotation direction switching control method for internal combustion engine|
    DE19825411C1|1998-06-06|1999-10-07|Daimler Chrysler Ag|Reversible reciprocating internal combustion engine, e.g. for motor vehicles esp. in reverse gear|
    JP3795425B2|2001-04-26|2006-07-12|エムエーエヌ・ビー・アンド・ダブリュ・ディーゼル・エーエス|Process for braking and reversing an internal combustion engine|
    RU2544117C1|2013-12-16|2015-03-10|Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков|Method of engine shaft rotation reversal|
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    RU2538429C1|2014-01-09|2015-01-10|Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков|Reversing crankshaft of single-stroke engine with external combustion chamber|
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    RU2581992C1|2015-02-19|2016-04-20|Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков|Method for reversal internal combustion engine with starter mechanism and hydraulic actuator system of three-valve gas distributor with charging of accumulator of system with liquid from compensation hydraulic accumulator|
    RU2581968C1|2015-02-19|2016-04-20|Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков|Method for reversal of internal combustion engine with reverse starter mechanism and pneumatic actuator system of three-valve gas distributor with charging of pneumatic accumulator of system with gas from compensation pneumatic accumulator|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7432495A|FR2286290B1|1974-09-26|1974-09-26|
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