• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to the beneficiation of minerals, in particular the enrichment of pond flotation coal sludge. The goal is to improve the quality of enrichment products. The pond slurry, after removing foreign bodies and pretreatment, is loaded into the washing drum, where it is suspended. The suspension enters the drum sieve, where it is classified by grade 3 mm. The product larger than 3 mm is retracted. The product less than 3 mm after the drum sieve is taken to the mixer and, in an hour, to the sieve, where it is classified by class. 0.5 mm. The +3 mm class is stored. A class of 0.5 - 3 mm enters the collection tank, from where it is fed to a spiral separator. A class of -0.5 mm enters the supply tank and is fed to the flotation cell. After the spiral classifier, the ash-rich product is fed to the second spiral classifier, where additional sorting is performed. The result is washed coal and tails. The coal fraction is dewatered on a sieve and conveyor is fed to a vacuum belt filter. From the supply tank, the product is fed into the flotation cell. The slurry is loaded through gas-gas reactors. The concentrate is fed to a vacuum filter. The tailings of the flotation cell are fed to the second flotation cell with gassing reactors. The concentrate from the chambers is dehydrated and stored. The tails of the chamber enter the concentrator, after which the product is dehydrated through the concentrator. Then the dehydrated product is fed to the filtration in a chamber filter press. Possibly additional filtration on a vacuum belt filter. 8 hp ff, 6 ill. X | heard xi o
    公开号:SU1755704A3
    申请号:SU894742011
    申请日:1989-09-28
    公开日:1992-08-15
    发明作者:Веланд Петер；Фехнер Бруно；Хельтер Хайнц
    申请人:Дипл.Инж.Хайнц Хельтер (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the method of enrichment of pond sludge, in particular fine-grained flotation tailings, formed during the beneficiation processes of coal mines, from which washing water is removed by sedimentation, as well as a plant for the enrichment of pond sludge, in particular fine-grained coal flotation tails, which is used to carry out
    At enrichment, crushing, classification and sorting of the mine raw material is carried out from a chain, giving it the appropriate properties that are appropriate for the use or subsequent processing. At the coal mine, the raw coal is sorted, as a rule, first under the influence of gravity at different densities on pure coal, an intermediate product in the tail. The following preparation and sorting is carried out in this case, in particular, for the fine-grained parts of the extraction using flotation or also with the help of the appropriate sorting combinations using gravity and flotation. As applied to coal, flotation products with a grain size of approximately 0.75 mm are cast. Thinner material is supplied independently of the composition as solid flushing water to the wastewater treatment system. Here, for the regeneration of water, sedimentation of solids is carried out in settling ponds or in corresponding installations. After part of the wash water after sedimentation of fine particles is again brought to the water circuit, pond slurry is still a significant problem due to lack of implementation. When the residual water content in most cases is over 20%, this one, which contains still sweeping quantities of combustible composite substances, the sludge can be stored only in storage places, and special methods are needed to ensure long-term storage. In large storage areas, the so-called waste dumps, special ponds are created in which flotation tailings and similar fine-grained materials can be stored, which are formed during the enrichment of coal. They should then be opened, and in order to achieve sufficient stability of such piles of waste heaps, such bodies of water can be provided for - long distances.
    Closest to the proposed one is an installation including a classifier according to cl. 0.5 mm flotation cells for cells. -0.5 mm, the supply tank of which is made in the form of an air conditioner with a stirrer, gassing reactors, vacuum filters for enrichment products, product conveyors for vacuum filters, thickeners.
    The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of enrichment products.
    In Fig. 1, a schematic representation of an enrichment process is presented at the facility; figure 2 - scheme of the cascade pre-processing; on fig.Z - the scheme of sorting with the help of spiral clarifiers; figure 4 - scheme of chemical sorting; Fig 5 - dehydration of the coal fraction; figure 6 - dehydration fraction tails.
    The enrichment on the plant is carried out as follows.
    Pond sludge or waste is suspended and conditioned with the addition of water,
    and then pre-classified for a grain size of 3 mm, the bypass of the sieve is precipitated, and the fraction passing through the sieve is finally classified for 0.5 mm. The material passed through the sieve (less than 5 mm) is subjected to classification in relation to the pneumatic fine-grained flotation, and the bypass of the sieve is subjected to two-stage
    0 by gravity sorting. Both the enrichment tails and the washed angle are finally dehydrated.
    This enrichment method allows one to obtain more conveniently to use fipo5 duct from flotation tailings, which were not previously used at all, and similar fine-grained materials. Such products can be used, for example, as a steam coal.
    0 operation of pulverized fireboxes, after which they can be stored without any problems. Additional energy costs can be compensated for by energy generation, and on the basis of the fine grain size of the material, the later supplied ash can be reused under certain circumstances for a variety of purposes.
    0 As a result of the implementation of the proposed method and the subsequent for all dehydration products, it is possible to count on a significant reduction in water consumption, since the waste water can again be directed into the circulation circuit. For countries where wastewater should be discharged into the environment after enrichment, it is possible without the danger of cleavage and cracking.
    0 by the action of trapped fine particles. Moreover, the flushing water discharged into the environment after appropriate filtration by the soil can be recovered without any special difficulties again for further use elsewhere. The main advantage of the present invention should be seen in the fact that the problems associated with the difficulty of storing fine-grained slag are eliminated.
    In accordance with the invention, it is provided that, prior to suspending, foreign bodies present are removed, preferably using a grating. This measure is preferred if it is necessary to re-enrich the already stored sludge in order to direct this material for further use. Besides.
    this type of grate serves as a device for pre-crushing or pre-loading, as a result, the energy requirement is reduced during the subsequent suspension.
    Appropriate distribution or incorporation of pond sludge into the wash water can be carried out in accordance with the invention by mechanically loosening the waste or pond sludge before or during the suspension process. In this partial enrichment stage, it is possible to substantially loosen or suspend the products so that they are this can be transferred further for further enrichment. At the same time, the slurry tends to liquefy to the extent of about 400 to 500 g / l, since the sludge can be successfully enriched or subjected to subsequent processing at this dilution.
    The appropriately suspended product is then subjected to preliminary classification, and in accordance with the invention, the preliminary classification should be directly suspended by adding irrigation water. In this case, the material is separated through a 3 mm sieve and the material is also stored without further processing, since it is usually a matter of tails, which do not need further enrichment. Depending on the original product in this case, the separating 6th section can also be chosen as large as 5 mm or 10 mm, depending on how many such preliminary classification steps are necessary.
    Thus obtained product 3 mm, TE the screen bypass itself is subjected to optimization for subsequent suspension, preferably under mechanical stress, and then with the addition of irrigation water undergoes subsequent classification, first with reference to 3 mm and then with respect to 0.5 mm. The product, which is preferably approximately completely suspended in this way, does not contain approximately a single grain larger than 3 mm in size, i.e. contains particle size classes that are highly enriched in coal. Only these particle size classes undergo further enrichment.
    While the bypass of the sieve undergoes an additional classification of 0.5 mm and then the appropriate sorting
    the material passed through the sieve is uniformly conditioned according to the invention with the addition of flotation reagents, and then subjected to two-stage flotation. Through a two-stage flotation, approximately complete separation of combustible components from non-combustible is achieved, resulting in valuable end-products,
    The same is true for the granulation fraction from 0.5 to 3 mm,
    5 which is first sorted to the type of ash-rich washing coal, and then further sorted to the type of washing coal with an ash content of 10 to 12%. Also in this case, two-stage sorting is carried out, and by sparing or partial sorting using the spiral classifiers provided in accordance with the invention, a sufficient flow rate can be achieved.
    5 at the desired quality.
    In order to optimize the subsequent dewatering, which is of great importance for the profitability of the method, it is envisaged that gtr washing coal
    0, gravity sorting and flotation of the fine fraction and tails from both sorting stages are dehydrated together. As a result, optimal loading of the dewatering aggregates is achieved, which, due to the mixing of both components, give good drainage results.
    For the implementation of the method, an installation is used which provides for the use of a washing drum with water supply lines falling to the place of loading of solid material for supplying water, the discharge area of which is equipped with a 3 mm drum screen for separation from the conduit
    5 irrigation water. After the drum sieve, there is a sieve of 0.5 mm, the bypass of which (0.5 - 3 mm) is attached to the receiving tank with the spiral separator connected next, and to the section for passing material the loading tank with the flotation chamber located next, and conveyors — because the products need to be dehydrated — are brought together. Vacuum belt filters or concentrators are designed as devices for loading.
    With the help of the proposed installation, the prepared product is guided along two different, however subsequently, newly connected preparation paths. In this case, a material that can be optimally prepared in a spiral sump, namely a material of 0.5–3 mm, is preliminarily separated, as a result of which a thinner material of 0.5 mm and less can be enriched in a pneumatic flotation cell in this case. in a way that valuable components can also be distinguished from this thin material as a result of sorting.
    All products are then brought back together, depending on their ability to deposit or use their reprocessing, preferably in common dewatering plants. Depending on the product to be enriched, it is also possible to modify and aerate separation sections with 3 mm and 0.5 mm corresponding sieves so that, depending on the product, to provide optimal possibilities for further processing. For the flotation tailings provided for in this case, the depicted separation sections are provided as optimal.
    The proposed installation is implemented in such a way that the sludge hopper with a beater shaft located on its end side is attached to the washing drum. With this shaft with bilami, the first loosening of the material is achieved, as a result of which subsequent processing is facilitated.
    A preferred full suspension is achieved in accordance with the invention due to the fact that a double-shaft knife washer with sieves for 3 mm and 0.5 mm is placed between the overflow of the sieve (from 0.5 to 3 mm) and the collecting tank for additional classification. Additional classification or sieves for additional classification ensure the supply of only products of various post-processing stages that can be optimally enriched there or subjected to subsequent processing according to the proposed method. Full suspension at the same time provides the individual grains necessary for the subsequent sorting and flotation, which then in this form must be separated from each other in an appropriate manner in accordance with their properties.
    The material is floated below 0.5 mm. Enrichment in flotation cells, which was previously considered impossible in this range, is achieved through the structure of the flotation cells and due to a uniform and, therefore, optimally regulated product. In addition, the floatation cell is attached to the conditioner by an agitator by a mixer. Thus, a material is introduced into the flotation cell, which floats as a result of the bubbles present or appearing in the flotation cell
    under the influence of bubbles to the surface. Air bubbles loaded with the appropriate products are then discharged and fed for further processing.
    Optimization of the flotation cell for this fine-grained product is achieved in accordance with the invention due to the fact that the flotation cell is equipped with six, connected with an annular line for the suspension of gas-fired reactors. Through gasation reactors, the slurry is charged uniformly and in several places and intensively mixed with the flotation air. Gasation
    the reactors are designed in such a way that when contacting between particles of a solid material and finely distributed air, very good unloading can be provided. The level of suspension inside the flotation cell is adjustable in height. Thereafter, the concentrate may be further processed or stored. In order to optimize it, it is provided that the non-flotation material of the first flotation cell is additionally floated, for which, in accordance with the invention, it is provided that a second one is included after the flotation cell
    flotation cell for non-flotation material. Here, the coal concentrate is deposited with an ash content of 20 to 22% and tailings material with an ash content of about 80%, in
    resulting in usable concentrates.
    Spiral separators have been used up to now for certain ores. The invention provides.
    that such spiral separators are also used to enrich the sludge, and the performance in which the spiral separator is equipped with three double helix is particularly well recommended. Such performance can achieve good performance if it is necessary to sort the grains from 0.5 to 3 mm.
    The first stage is equipped with three
    double helix spiral separator as an intermediate product is produced containing a large amount of ash washing coal, which can then be subjected to
    enrichment due to the fact that after the first
    The spiral separator includes a spiral separator, which sorts the ash-rich washing coal of the first spiral separator. The tailings product is discharged as a final product from the sorting cascade through the tailings chute. In the second spiral separator, containing a large amount of ash, the wash angle is subjected to subsequent sorting, with the thin angle having an average ash content of 10 to 12%, and tails with an ash content of about 80%. The material thus corresponds to the flotation material, with the result that it is possible to subsequently co-process both products and, above all, their use.
    The dehydration is optimized in accordance with the invention due to the fact that a drainage sieve is turned on before the vacuum belt filter. As a result of the preincorporation, the performance of the vacuum belt filter can be used more efficiently, thus obtaining the possibility of obtaining preferred final products.
    For complete or approximately complete regeneration of the wash water, it is envisaged that after the concentrator there is a chamber filter press and / or vacuum belt filter so located that the final product is essentially dehydrated. This reduces the loss of wash water to a minimum. The residence time of the product in the concentrator is reduced so much that evaporation losses when using outdoor concentrators are kept within acceptable limits.
    The proposed method and device allows such enrichment of flotation tailings and pond sludge, the storage of which was previously associated with great problems, which results in a high-quality product optimally suited for a wide variety of uses, and at the same time reduces the problems of environmental protection.
    The invention is further distinguished by the fact that water losses can be minimized, which is particularly preferable in those cases where the required amount of water is missing or removal of water contaminated with solid particles pollutes the environment. The proposed method and installation can either be attached to conventional processing plants, or constructed separately in places where they
    can appropriately treat flotation tailings and other fine-grained wastes from various enrichment plants in a centralized manner. In addition, it is also possible to treat such ears of stored sludge so that, as a result, there are no problems related to environmental protection.
    0 Concentrating plant 1 (figure 1) is shown in the form of a simplified technological scheme. The slurry 2, which is placed in the dump or coming directly from the enrichment site of the coal mine, passes first through the grate 3. and the foreign bodies are initially separated. Thereafter, the appropriately treated slurry is directed to the slurry tank 4.
    0 In accordance with the required amount, the sludge is then supplied by means of a scraper transport with submerged scrapers to the pretreatment section, and with the help of a shaft 5 with beaters,
    5 which forms the end of the scraper conveyor 6 with submerged scrapers, further material distribution is carried out. With the help of a transporter 7, the material or sludge 2 is then fed to the load.
    0 solids of the rinse drum 8 The solids feed line 9 also enters line 10 for supplying water and line 11 for draining water. In the flushing drum 8 with the appropriate addition of water
    5, predissolving and complete suspension are carried out.
    The corresponding suspension then enters the discharge area 12 onto the drum sieve 13, where the first classification is applied for 3 mm. The classification is carried out by the addition of irrigation water, and the supply of 14 irrigation water can be regulated by means of the shower 15 in accordance with
    5 amount of sludge. Product 16c with grains over 3 mm is ash-rich tails, which are disposed of as waste by means of a conveyor belt from a workshop and placed in a heap. Warehouse 17, platform 17 first receives these quantities and quantities coming from grid 3, which are then transferred from there to the rock dump.
    The product with grains less than 3 mm is supplied after leaving the drum sieve 13, first to the mixer 18 and, through pump 19, to the next cascade of 20 sieves, where the classification is applied to 0.5 mm. Bypassing 21 sieves with a grain size of over 3 mm is transported to or to the warehouse
    site 17, or site 22 for storing rock. Intermediate inclusion of the respective conveyors is foreseen. The bypass 23 of the sieve 0.5-3 mm enters the collecting tank 24. From where the omzetm is fed to the spiral separator 25. The passage 26 of the sieve is retained for flotation in the supply tank 27 and supplied depending on the need to the flotation cell 28.
    Present in the collection tank
    24 and the supply tank 27 flushing water enters the pump sump 29, from where it is again supplied to the installation for carrying out the method via the submersible pump 30, depending on the demand, water is supplied in the area of the supply tank 27 or collection tank 24 depending on the need. By means of the shower 33, the classification in the area of the 20-sieve cascade is facilitated and balanced.
    Material with grains of 0.5 - 3 mm is supplied to spiral separator 25, which is made with three double helixes. Here, three products are deposited, with the rich ash washing angle being collected by means of a separator tank 34 and then brought to a second, spiral-shaped separator 35 of a similar design, -
    In the second spiral separator 35, additional ash rich coal is sorted, which is divided into washed clean coal with an average ash content of 10 to 12% and tails with an ash content of about 80%. Present in spiral separators
    The 25 and 35 tailings fraction is sent through a sieve 36 for dewatering and then also transported to the tailings storage area 22 and stored there. The coal fraction is dewatered in a sieve 37 for dewatering and then flows through the conveyor 38 for the final product, coal to a belt vacuum filter 39 and, after appropriate dewatering, to place 40 for storing the concentrate. The conveyor belt 38 is cleaned with the shower 41 and the belt cleaning device 42, and the used wash water returns to the water circuit.
    The outflowing supply tank 27, product 43, is supplied by means of a pump and with the supply of the first flotation reagents to the flotation chamber 28. A slurry is charged through the gas reactors 44. The concentrate contained in the flotation cell 28 is then transferred.
    to the conveyor 38 for the final coal product coming from the spiral separators and then passes through the vacuum filter 39 to the storage location 40
    concentrate.
    The non-floated material of the first flotation cell 28 is located in the intermediate bunker 45, and then with the addition of the corresponding reagents 46 is fed through the pump 47 into the second flotation cell 48 having the same design. The flotation cell is also equipped with the appropriate gas-fired reactors. Upload 49 cameras, i.e.
    the concentrate coming from both the flotation chambers 28 and 48 is dehydrated and then stored, while the subsequent processing of the material 50 passing through the chamber is carried out,
    or after leaving the second flotation cell 48, transferring it to the concentrator 51. from where this product can also be supplied to the site for subsequent dewatering. A sump is provided in this area.
    52 and the submerged pump 53. as well as in the area of the spiral separator, a pump sump 54 and a submersible pump 55 are provided. Through which water is collected and returned to the circulation circuit. ,
    The material 56 pretreated in the concentrator 51 enters through the concentrator 57 with a mixer 58 into the area of dewatering tailings. The water contained in concentrator 57 is drained through chute 59 for clean water and re-enters the process. The particulate-rich product is conditioned in tank 60 with agitator 61 to the extent that it can then be
    dehydrated evenly using a chamber filter press 62. Through the conveyor 63 for the final product (tailings), this product of tailings goes to the storage location. It seems possible or also
    processing of suitably concentrated tailings material may be additionally used after leaving tank 60 with a belt vacuum filter 64. in the case, a supply of 65 coagulating agent may be provided, or they may be processed primarily in front of the concentrator 57.
    In the area of dewatering, a pump sump 66 with a submersible pump 67 is provided.
    Tails arrive at storage location 68.
    Figure 2 shows the pretreatment area of the product. The slurry, after it has passed the pretreatment in the rinsing drum 8 and is classified with the help of stage 20 sieves, is first subjected to further suspension as applied to the bypass 23 sieves (0.5 - 3 mm ) in the knife-washing 69 with a double shaft 70 so that it can then be passed through a sieve 71 for an additional classification of 3 mm With an irrigation water supply 72 through a sieve 73 for an additional classification of 0.5 mm for the corresponding subsequent treatment ki This material 74 is then supplied to a collection tank 24 and transferred from it to a spiral separator 25 (not shown).
    Fig. 3 shows the design and purpose of the spiral separators 25 and 35. Both separators are equipped with three double spirals 75 and 76, with the first spiral separator 25 delivering three fractions, and the second spiral separator 35 producing two fractions. The coal fraction 77 leaving the first spiral separator 25 is subjected after dewatering to a further dewatering screen 37, namely the coal fraction of the second spiral separator 35. In the same way the fractions 78 of the tails of both spiral separators 25 and 35 are combined, while the mixed concentrate 79 it is collected by separator through passage 34 and then continuously supplied to the second spiral separator 35 for subsequent sorting therein.
    The first flotation chambers 28 and 48 turned on the air conditioner 80 with gas-filled reactors with a stirrer 81. The air conditioner 80 also contains a reagent supply unit 82. From the conditioner 80, the slurry enters the gassing reactors 44 and 83. Each of the two flotation chambers 28 and 48 is equipped with six gassing reactors 44 and 83, and they are uniformly charged with the suspension through the ring 84. The slurry is intensively mixed inside the reactors using flotation air as intense contact as possible to ensure that these fine-grained particles can also be reliably separated from each other.
    The leaving spiral separators 25 and 35 or the flotation chambers 28 and 48 of the concentrate are passed through a sieve 85 for dewatering before dehydration in a belt vacuum filter 39, and the flushing water that is released from here is returned back to the circulation circuit.
    Figure 6 shows the dehydration of the tailing fraction, with the concentrator 57 being given a node 86 for supplying a coagulation agent, resulting in a concentrator
    57 most of the tailings slurry can already be cleaned. Pure water is discharged through the chute 59 for pure water, and other material flows through the tank 60 with a stirrer 61 to the chamber filter press 62
    0
    The wash water 87, which leaves the stone filter press 62, is collected in the sump 88 and then again through the next concentrator 89 is brought to the circuit
    5 circulating wash water. The tailings material still present and detected in the concentrator 89 is deposited through the discharge device 90 and fed to the tails storage area 22.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. An installation for the enrichment of pond flotation coal slime, comprising a classifier of 0.5 mm class, flotation cells for a class of size
    5 less than 0.5 mm with a supply tank in the form of a conditioner with a stirrer, gassing reactors, vacuum filters for enrichment products, product conveyors to vacuum filters, thickeners, I distinguish
    0 so that, in order to improve the quality of enrichment products, it is equipped with a flushing drum installed in front of the classifier of 0.5 mm with a line for supplying water to its loading
    5 a drum screen attachment for classifying by 3 mm class. a line for supplying irrigation water to the drum sieve, a collection tank for a class of 0.5 - 3 mm with a spiral separator connected after it, the classifier according to the class of 0.5 mm is made in the form of a sieve, gassing reactors are installed in flotation cells, and thickeners installed in front of vacuum filters made
    5 tape and installed for the combined products.
    [2]
    2. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a hopper located in front of the wash drum
    0 sludge g mounted on the discharge end of the shaft with bilami.
    [3]
    3. Installation pop. 1, which is distinguished by the fact that a sink is installed in front of the collecting tank for a class of 0.5–3 mm.
    5 with double shaft and sieves for additional classification in 3 mm and 0.5 mm classes.
    [4]
    4. Installation according to claim 1. characterized in that the gas reactors are connected by a ring line for suspension.
    [5]
    5. Installed claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an additional pneumatic flotation chamber for flotation of the chamber product.
    [6]
    6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spiral separator is made with three double helixes.
    [7]
    7. Installation according to claims 1-6, characterized in that it is provided with an additional spiral classifier for the sort
    The ash products of the spiral classifier.
    [8]
    8 Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an additional sieve for dehydration, installed in front of a vacuum belt filter.
    [9]
    9. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a chamber filter press and / or an additional belt filter press installed after the thickener.
    235
    b
    Phie 1
    Phie. 2
    67 66 S3
    72
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    J5
    X 76 x
    75
    7c. 79,
    J4
    A
    7C
    77
    78
    36
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    fia.41.
    FIG. five
    62
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    31.32
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    同族专利:
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    DE3833054A1|1990-04-05|
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    CZ285048B6|1999-05-12|
    PL162107B1|1993-08-31|
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    引用文献:
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    DE931521C|1952-11-18|1955-08-11|Bhs Bayerische Berg|Process, installation and devices for the wet processing of coal sludge deposited in ponds|
    US4128474A|1977-03-24|1978-12-05|Linatex Corporation Of America|Process for cleaning and dewatering fine coal|DE10059076B4|2000-11-28|2005-10-06|Rag Ag|Sludge beds for dewatering flotation mine discharges|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3833054A|DE3833054C2|1988-09-29|1988-09-29|Process for the treatment of pond sludgeand treatment plant|
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