• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SU1748640A3
    申请号:SU4743339
    申请日:1990-02-28
    公开日:1992-07-15
    发明作者:Роберт Фрэнклин Чарлс
    申请人:Контивейсс Вейссенфельс Гмбх Унд Ко, Коммандитгезельшафт (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to road transport, in particular, means of increasing the patency of the vehicle.
    The purpose of the invention is to improve performance.
    Fig. 1 shows the proposed anti-skid chain, tensioning the outside of the tire; figure 2 - the same, from the inside of the tire; FIG. 3 shows two locking links of the spring steel bracket in the open position just before mutual interlocking, when the ends of the bracket are angled; FIG. 4 shows two locking members in a mutually linked position, also at an angle; Fig. 5 shows an elastic element at the free end of the tension chain; Fig. 6 shows a reverse stopper for the tensioning chain; Fig. 7 shows a locking device with a detached side wall of the housing; Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the engagement of the stopper member of the stopper with the tension chain; Fig. 9 shows a section A-A in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 shows an elastically stretching shock-absorbing element (the housing cover is partially removed).
    Figures 1 and 2 show a tire 1 mounted on a wheel rim, on which the anti-slip chain 2 is mounted. On the inner side of the wheel, the chain has an internal retainer in the form of a spring steel bracket 3 (FIG. 2), which forms a ring in the closed final position shown here
    At the ends of the spring clip 3, the locking elements 4 and 5 are fixed, each of which has the shape of a flat stamped plate (FIGS. 2-4, both of the stamped parts have a symmetrical shape and location to each other. On the spring clip 3, the ends of the chains passing over the tread 1 are fixed pieces 6, which together with connecting pieces 7 form a working segment of anti-slip chain 2
    When installing, the user first takes two hands at the ends of the spring clip 3 and spreads them so as to slide the clip onto the tire 1. Then they release these ends and they close to their original position under the action of elastic forces. When the ends approach each other, their locking elements 4 and 5 enter into mutual engagement. In this case, the spring clip occupies the position shown in Fig. 2. If the elastic forces are insufficient to reduce the ends of the brace 3 and the self-coupling of the locking elements 4 and 5, the user must finish the staples 3
    hands before joining. When disassembling the anti-skid chain, the spring bracket 3, after disconnecting the hooks on the locking elements 4 and 5, must be gripped around the tire and the ends of the hook behind the tire
    so that the bracket is removed from the tire 1. In this case, the locking elements 4 and 5 are diverged, and the segments of chain B and 7 do not prevent them.
    The segments of the 6 branches of the chain are fixed with one end on the spring clip 3 on
    the inner side of the tire 7, and the other ends on the outer side of the tire 1 (Fig. 1) on a closed external fixing chain 8, at both ends of which there is fixed one elastic stretching element 9.
    The other ends of the elastic stretchable elements 9, which are not fixed to the fixing chain 8, are attached to the end of the tension chain 10 or to the back stopper.
    11. The locking device easily allows the tension chain 10 to pass in the direction of the tension, i.e. in the direction in which the distance between the two elastic tension members 9 decreases, and the tension of the tension chain 10 in the opposite direction is blocked, until the release lever 12 is actuated to release the tension chain to freely move this chain 10 in either direction through the stopper 11.
    The free end of the tension chain 10 is wound through a revolving element in the form of a hook 13 attached to the outer
    the locking branch 8 and facing the center of the tire. From it, the end of the tension chain is directed to the approximately opposite side of the fixing branch 8 and there
    secured with a hook 15 mounted on the free end of the elastic tensioning element 14. In this case, the elastic tensioning element 14 is, for its part, hinged on the free end of the tensioning chain 10.
    As can be seen from FIG. 1, the locking chain 8, the two elastic stretching elements 9, the tensioning chain segment 10 connecting them, and the locking device 11 form an approximately round, completely closed, continuous branch, which is an external lateral anti-slip chain 2.
    Even when the free end of the tension chain 10 is passed after the release lever 12 is actuated through the stopper, this closed branch is not interrupted, as the tension element 14 abuts the stopper 11 and its dimensions do not allow it to pass through this stopper. The length of the tension chain 10 is determined so that when the chain is completely retracted and the tension of the tension element 14 into the stopper 11, it is possible to freely part the ends of the spring clip 3 at such a distance between the locking elements 4 and 5 so that the clip 3 is free it was encircled around tire 1. After that, the ends of the brace are released and it returns to its original position under the action of elastic forces and the locking elements 4 and 5 are engaged with each other.
    Then, take the tensioning element 14 protruding from the stopper. Extend it and set the tensioning chain 10 to the tensioned position with a predetermined significant resistance. In this position, the elastic stretching elements 9 are already more or less stretched, the outer side locking device takes the form shown in FIG. 1, and the release lever 12 prevents the chain 10 from weakening.
    The free end of the tension chain 10 is tucked in behind the hook 13, and after tensioning the element 14, the hook 15 is hooked onto the outer retainer 8 so that the free end of the chain 10 is pulled up.
    When the anti-skid chain is installed, the elastic stretching elements 9 ensure a constant tight fit of the chain on the tire 1, evenly perceive and compensate for all dynamic loads occurring during driving, which lead to changes in the position of individual segments of the chain branches.
    To install the anti-skid circuit 2 on bus 1, a few simple tricks are enough, easily performed even
    poor lighting and do not require special skills.
    Fig. 3 shows two locking elements 4 and 5, the structures of which are symmetrical to each other, mounted on the ends of the spring clip 3. When opening the clip 3 with the creation of an elastic reaction, these locking elements 4 and 5 are installed at a distance from each other, as shown in Fig 3 With the subsequent elastic closure of the bracket
    3in the original position of the locking elements
    4 and 5 move towards each other along the arrows shown in FIG. 3. Each locking element 4 and 5 is made by stamping, for example, a 2 mm steel sheet and has at the end facing the corresponding end of the bracket 3 two riveted holes 16 to which a counter part is attached (not shown) covering the end of the bracket 3 using a terminal connection. Each locking element 4 and 5 contains approximately in the middle an approximately rectangular window 17, and near the free end a locking hook 18 formed by stamping and bending out of the plane of each locking element 4 and 5. The steel tongue 18 protrudes from the plate in the direction opposite to the closure 3, that is, towards the end of the bracket 3, forms a hook 18; in this case, it is beveled outwards near the free end of the corresponding locking element 4 and 5 (i.e. to that side of the locking element that is not intended to fit To the side wall of the tire), as well as to the window 17 This tongue is bent at an angle to the surface of the locking element 4 and 5, and then runs parallel to the plane of the base plate, narrowing to the free end. The distance between the end of the tongue 18 and the surface of the locking element slightly exceeds its thickness. The width of the tongue 18 is also somewhat less than the width of the window 17. The locking hooks 18 of both locking elements 4 and 5 protrude to one side from the base plate. Elements 4 and 5 are engaged with each other no matter which one is located in front and which one is in front.
    In FIG. 4, the locking elements 4 and 5 are shown in the engaged position after the elastic collapse of the ends of the clevis to the initial state or forced Vix clenching by hand. The locking elements 4 and 5 also contain an aperture 19 on the edge facing the tread for fastening the segments 6 of the chain branch extending above the tread surface.
    Figure 5 shows in perspective (enlarged) a tensioning element 14 mounted
    at the end of the tension chain (figure 1) It has a central part 20 in the form of a tape and is made of vulcanized rubber, which retains sufficient flexibility and elasticity at temperatures down to -50 ° C. The central part 20 simultaneously works as a cushion link, can easily be pulled out by hand and also has the dimensions that it can use directly as a handle.
    An end plate 21 having a transverse opening for passage of this last link of chain 10 is inserted into the end of the tape-shaped central part 20 facing the tension chain 10 (figure 5 shows only its last link). Therefore, the chain is pivotally connected to the tension element 14, which makes it possible to use it as a handle for tensioning the chain 10. At the free end of the central part 20, a hook 15 is also attached, which allows it to engage with the side chain after tensioning the chain 10 (see the end position shown in FIG. ).
    The locking device (reverse stopper) 11 is shown in Figures 6 and 7 in perspective, somewhat below, where also a portion of the tension chain 10 passing through the stopper 11 is visible.
    The locking device 11 comprises a housing formed of two plastic side walls 22 spaced apart from each other (Fig. 6). The side wall 22 (Fig. 7), facing the observer, is removed to show the internal structure.
    Through both side walls 22, as can be seen in FIG. 7, passes transaxle 23, on which roller 24 is mounted between the walls. This roller 24 has a chain guide groove 25 at the periphery.
    Along this roller 24 and the guide groove 25, a tensioning chain 10 passes through it. According to arrow A (6 and 7), the chain leads to an elastic element 9, by which it is attached to the outer locking branch 8, and along arrow B to tensioning element 14, as well as towards the free end, held by the user, tension the chain.
    On the other axle 26, passing through the side walls 22, is fixed at one end with the possibility of throwing the release lever 12 in the form of a handle, made by punching in the form of a single piece and loaded with a spring 27 in the direction shown in Fig. 7. When this spring 27 is wound around the axle 26.
    The other, free end 28 of the release lever 12 has a shape that is particularly convenient for actuating it.
    arrow B and similar to the trigger of small arms. It protrudes from the body formed by the walls 22 in the direction towards the center of the tire (FIG. 1). In this
    the direction is possible, especially simple handling of the release lever 12 without the threat of its accidental operation.
    At a distance from the center of the stud 26, about one third of the total length
    0 of the lever 12, the doggie 29 (Fig. 7) is pressed against the roller 24 by the spring 27. This dog 29 has a first surface 30 (Fig. 8) facing the end of the tension chain 10 indicated by the arrow B and
    5 stop in the roller 24 passing approximately along its radius. Opposite to it, the surface of the doggie 29 is bevelled towards the axle 26.
    On Fig shows the action of the stopper,
    0 where it can be seen that every second link of the tensioning chain 10 is immersed in the guide groove 25 and is therefore located in the radial plane of the roller 24, while the other links lie flat on the periphery of the roller
    5 24, i.e., on the surfaces of the roller passing along the edges of the groove 25. The surfaces 30 and 31 of the pawl 29 differently oriented relative to the roller 24 allow (Fig. 8) to move tension: the chain 10 in the direction of the arrow B ( to the free end of the chain), and the lever 12c with the pawl 29 each time is deflected along an arc arrow (FIG. 8) when the chain link, which passes radially to the roller 24, rushes onto the beveled surface31.
    The movement of the tension chain 10 in the direction of arrow A (i.e., to the elastic element 9) is prevented by the locking action of the surface 30 (associated with the blocking of the lever 12 in the direction of opening). The device has such dimensions that it is necessary to apply only a small force to the lever 12 in order to bring the pawl 29 out of engagement with the tension chain 10 so that even with strong
    5 tensioning the chain 10, the stopper can be easily opened.
    Fig. 9 shows a section along the line A-A in Fig. 8, where approximately the perpendicular mutual arrangement of the main
    0 planes, successive links of the tension chain 10 as they pass through the guide groove 25.
    FIG. 10 shows, on a greatly enlarged scale, an elastic element 9 having
    5, an elongated hollow body of thermoplastic material formed by the lower half 32 and upper half 33, both narrow sides of which are provided with each opening 34 for passing the fastening element 35.
    Inside the body is a flat piece 36 of vulcanized rubber, which also retains its flexibility and elasticity at low temperatures down to -50 ° C.
    A flat, ribbon-like piece 36 is laid loosely and without a significant lateral gap in halves 32 and 33, but at the ends has sufficient space for stretching. The sum of these free distances corresponds to the extension of the entire flat piece 30 consisting of the body and the fastening element 35 of the elastic element 9, by which the ribbon-like piece 30 can be maximally elongated under load. In this case, the casing remains in place since it does not participate in the movement of the piece 36. To each end of the piece 36, a rod 37, which passes through the corresponding apertures 34 in the direction of extension, is glued or vulcanized, and the rod passes through the aperture with a very small gap .
    The ribbon-like piece 36 works here not only as an elastic element, but at the same time as a shock absorber, due to the rather large hysteresis characteristic of the material from which it is made.
    At the free ends of the rods 37 there is an eye 38 fixed to the end of the outer locking chain 8, the end of the tension chain 10 or on the stopper 11. The housing halves 32 and 33 are rigidly connected to each other, so that the body as a whole protects from the penetration of drops and other external influences placed in it a damping element.
    In FIG. 10, the overall contours of the elastic element 9 in the unloaded state are shown by solid lines, and the contours at full load (i.e., at maximum elongation) are shown by dotted lines.
    The chain design (Fig. Z, in which, along with the damping elements 9, an additional damping elastic element in the form of the tension element 14 in the area behind the stopper 11 on the tension chain 10, is provided in the outer locking chain 8, represents a particularly preferred implementation of the proposed anti-skid chains in which the vibrations and noise associated with them are suppressed while at the same time ensuring a tight fit of the chain, even in the region of the tension chain behind the stopper. Action of the shock-absorbing elastic element 9, The reduction in front of the stopper 11 and behind it additionally contributes to the reduction of noise with an excellent fit of the chain.The reduction of noise is noticeable even compared to the use of purely elastic stretching elements (in the form of helical springs), since here the additional damping is evident in the aggregate with other noise-canceling factors, it produces a noticeable unexpected effect.
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [1]
    1. An anti-skid chain for automotive tires, containing one inner and one outer side latches, connected to each other by chain segments extending over the tire tread, with the outer side
    5, the retainer includes a locking branch provided with at least one intermediate elastic stretching link, fixed at one end on a tension chain, and at the other end having
    0 a locking mechanism for tensioning the chain in order to block it in the direction opposite to the tension direction by means of a releasable locking element, characterized in that
    5 in order to improve the performance, the internal side lock is made in the form of an annular open clip elastically uncoupled on the protector, made of spring steel, provided with locking elements at the ends for connecting with each other at these ends, the fixing branch is made in the form of a continuous non-separable branch At least one elastic stretchable element is designed as a cushioning element, and the tension chain passed through the stopper mechanism is equipped with a device for disgusting the passage of its free end through
    0 tension device
    [2]
    2. Chain pop 1, characterized in that each shut-off element is made in the form of a flat plate located in the plane of the spring clip with a bent in
    5 of its plane by an engaging tongue directed in the direction opposite to the closing direction of the annular clevis, next to which a recess is made in the plate to cover and interact with the engaging tongue of another locking element when the annular clevis is closed, the engaging tongues are located with one the same side of the annular bracket on each of the plates in front of the notches in
    5 direction of closing the ring bracket.
    .
    [3]
    3. Chain according to claim 2, characterized in that both locking elements are mirror-symmetrical to each other.
    [4]
    4. Chain according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the locking mechanism comprises a guide groove for laying the chain with the arrangement of the tension chain links with the possibility of alternating contact with both lateral edges of the guide groove and moving perpendicular to them and the locking element in the form of a pawl fixed pivotally, directed to the guide groove and under pressure from the spring in the direction of the bow in this groove to ensure that the tension of the chain allows links in the guide groove, and in the opposite direction stop them,
    [5]
    5. Chain according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide groove is circular to ensure that the free end of the tension chain runs around when the chain is set in the direction of the tire center and extends the stretch chain section connected to the locking branch from the locking branch to guide groove.
    [6]
    6. Chain according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide groove is made on the periphery of the rotary roller.
    [7]
    7. Chain according to claims 4-6, characterized in that the pawl is mounted on a rocker lever rotatable on one side, and is a protrusion between the ends of this lever, the free end of which is made in the form of a handle protruding from the stopper The pusher lever is spring-loaded in the direction of the guide groove for laying the chain.
    [8]
    8. Chain according to claim 7, characterized in that the reversible lever is pivotally fixed on the axle mounted in the case of the locking mechanism and loaded with the end of the spring, wound around this axle, in the direction to the groove for laying the chain.
    [9]
    9. Chain according to claim 8, characterized in that the body of the locking mechanism is made with an end stop for the rocker lever.
    [10]
    10. Chain according to claims 7-9, characterized in that the body of the locking mechanism and / or the elements comprising the guide groove for the chain are made of a thermoplastic material.
    [11]
    11. Chain according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at the free end of the tension chain an emphasis is made interacting with the counter detail on the locking mechanism and made in the form of a handle.
    [12]
    12. The chain of claim 10 or 11, which is characterized by the fact that the end stop is made in the form of an elastic tension element, the free end of which is provided with a fastening element for engagement with an external lateral retainer.
    [13]
    13. Chain on p. 12, characterized in that the tension element is designed as a shock-absorbing element
    [14]
    14. Chain according to claim 13, characterized by
    in that the tension element has an elastic stretching element made of plastic or vulcanized rubber, the free end of which is carried by the fastening element.
    [15]
    15. The chain according to item 12 or 13, from l and h and sh and so that the tension element is hinged on the free end of the tension chain.
    [16]
    16. Chain according to claims 1-15, of which it is provided with at least one revolving element mounted on an external side lock and reversed when the chain is installed
    anti-skidding to the center of the tire to change the direction of the tensioning chain in the area behind the locking mechanism,
    [17]
    17. Chain according to claims 1-16, characterized in that each elastic stretchable element, made in the form of a shock-absorbing element, is made of elastic stretchable synthetic material or vulcanized rubber and contains a stretchable segment, on both
    the ends of which are installed on one fastener.
    [18]
    18. Chain according to PP 14 and 17, which is so that in order to preserve the elastic properties of the stretch at low temperatures down to -50 ° C, the damping element is made of vulcanized rubber
    [19]
    19. The chain of PP 17 and 18, that is, with the fact that the fasteners are inserted at the ends of the shock-absorbing element and
    secured with rubber hydrochloride based glue.
    [20]
    20. Chain according to one of the preceding claims, 1-19, characterized in that for at least one elastic stretching element, made in the form of a shock-absorbing element, there is an elastic spring limiter.
    [21]
    21. Circuit of claim 20, characterized in that each cushioning element is installed in a closed housing, through the wall of which the fasteners are passed, at least one of the fastening members arranged to move in the wall in the direction of extension,
    [22]
    22. Chain according to claim 21, characterized in that the casing of the damping element consists of two rigidly connected halves made of plastic, and each fastening element has a rod that passes with a gap in the hole, elongated in the direction of extension and Nome in halves.
    one
    one
    17
    V
    Yua
    FIG. 2
    nineteen
    / U
    FIG. four.
    P
    27
    26
    20
    ten
    Fig 5
    Faye. 7
    /
    &
    Fig 8
    33
    2
    Aa
    9 fig 9
    /
    M
    H.h
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU1748640A3|1992-07-15|Antiskid chain for automobile tyres
    CA1155376A|1983-10-18|Belt attachment for tire chains
    US4146076A|1979-03-27|Tire-slip preventing device
    EA015553B1|2011-08-30|A central tightening system for anti-skid devices and an anti-skid device having the same
    US2553849A|1951-05-22|Tire chain
    US4165774A|1979-08-28|Device for preventing tires from slipping
    US3939891A|1976-02-24|Non-skid device for vehicle wheels
    US1511917A|1924-10-14|Tire-chain fastener and lock
    US1346226A|1920-07-13|Antiskid-chain
    US1717558A|1929-06-18|Connecting link for tire chains
    US2987092A|1961-06-06|Antiskid device
    GB2262304A|1993-06-16|Improvements to tensioning buckles
    KR200472432Y1|2014-04-25|Snow chain for a car
    US2608117A|1952-08-26|Tire chain applying clamp
    KR960000177Y1|1996-01-05|Adjustable snow chain for car
    CN209649969U|2019-11-19|A kind of automobile anti-skid chain
    US1420778A|1922-06-27|Attaching device for nonskid chains
    US1739016A|1929-12-10|Antiskid chain
    US2131405A|1938-09-27|Tire chain applier
    US1330591A|1920-02-10|Fastening and take-up device for antiskid-chains
    JPH0622010U|1994-03-22|Tire non-slip device
    US1516823A|1924-11-25|Antiskidding device
    US1552468A|1925-09-08|Antiskid chain for automobiles
    US1302496A|1919-05-06|Non-skid chain.
    US1783872A|1930-12-02|Tire chain
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP0385057B1|1991-08-07|
    DE3906486C2|1991-02-28|
    ES2024075B3|1992-02-16|
    JPH0647327B2|1994-06-22|
    US5082039A|1992-01-21|
    JPH02234815A|1990-09-18|
    AT65968T|1991-08-15|
    GR3002824T3|1993-01-25|
    JPH02113502U|1990-09-11|
    DK0385057T3|1991-09-23|
    EP0385057A1|1990-09-05|
    DE59000002D1|1991-09-12|
    DE3906486A1|1990-09-13|
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    FR2879507A1|2004-12-17|2006-06-23|Targa Sa|Motor vehicle`s snow chain, has chain hoop closed by closing and tensioning device with connecting part and case, where case forms handle constituted of two semi handles separated by line passing through duct housing elastic strand|
    ES2352687T3|2006-02-02|2011-02-22|Peerless Chain Company|SELF-TENSIONED SNOW CHAIN AND METHODS OF USE.|
    US7900670B2|2006-02-02|2011-03-08|Peerless Chain Company|Self-tightening traction assembly having tensioning device|
    US7398806B1|2006-12-30|2008-07-15|Ray R Miller|Easy mount tire chains|
    GB201008662D0|2010-05-25|2010-07-07|Mccall Norman G|Snow slippers|
    US9233584B2|2010-08-16|2016-01-12|J. Scott Hanson|Tire chain and method of modifying a tire chain|
    AT510152B1|2010-09-15|2012-02-15|Pewag Schneeketten Gmbh & Co Kg|SLIDE PROTECTION CHAIN WITH FLANK PROTECTION COVERS|
    JP5890510B1|2014-12-03|2016-03-22|株式会社エフ．イー．シーチェーン|tire chain|
    法律状态:
    2005-10-20| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: MM4A Effective date: 20040229 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3906486A|DE3906486C2|1989-03-01|1989-03-01|
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