• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for the determination of the properties of mouldable materials, such as the granular and pulverous masses of fresh concrete, and stiff liquids, particularly for the determination of the plastic and rheologic properties thereof. In the method a sample (20) of a known weight is taken from the mass; the sample is subjected to a moulding effect; and a compression (S) and the number of working revolutions required therefor are determined. In order that the behaviour of the material to be measured could be controlled accurately during the measuring process and that the obtained measuring results would be accurate and reliable, the sample (20) is compressed in two opposite directions with a constant force (P); the sample is moulded under a constant compression between two parallel inclined planes (13, 14) which change the position thereof by revolving; the volume (V and Vt) of the sample is measured prior to the moulding and after a determined number of working revolutions (n); and the magnitude of the torque resisting the revolving of the inclined planes (13, 14) is measured from the sample at least at one determined shear speed of the sample, which shear speed depends on the revolving speed of the inclined planes and the angle of incline thereof.
    公开号:SU1745139A3
    申请号:SU884356080
    申请日:1988-06-01
    公开日:1992-06-30
    发明作者:Пааккинен Илмари；Торстен Норденсван Эрик；Олави Рантанен Хейкки
    申请人:Илмари Пааккинен (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    descriptions of foundry qualities used in the cone sludge, it should be borne in mind that when using activated plasticizers or silica, the slump value becomes greater than in cases where these additives are not used, but the same workability must be achieved. This is because such additives increase the plastic viscosity, but not the degree of plasticity. In other words, silica-containing concrete has a normal resistance to deformation at low speeds when measuring precipitation, but high resistance at shear rates arising from vibration.
    A known method for measuring the plastic and rheological properties of plastic concrete masses with different shear rates, in which concrete freely placed in a vessel is mixed at several different speeds and the resistance to mixing is measured. Poorly controlled flows make it necessary to use a non-linear velocity scale. In connection with this, the shear rate field is also not strictly homogeneous, and accurate measurement results cannot be obtained if the concrete differs greatly from one another. Consequently, even masses of plastic concrete cannot be measured with good reliability by this method.
    The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determination in the study of rigid concrete masses.
    The invention is based on the idea that the determination of the plastic and rheological properties of a concrete mass is carried out mechanically under exactly the same conditions reproducible for individual samples, therefore the information obtained by this method on the properties of samples is always reliable.
    Sample shear rates are determined with high accuracy. This makes it possible to measure samples of concrete so that the results obtained regarding the evaluation of concrete are reliably reproduced and can be physically monitored.
    Thanks to this method, it is possible to immediately change the composition of the concrete mass that is prepared in the mixer, due to a change in its plastic and rheological properties measured on the sample. In this way, the desired properties of the casting can be obtained. to avoid the rejection of finished products and work related to waste disposal. The plastic and rheological properties of a rigid concrete mixture can be determined with the same accuracy as for the case of plastic masses only. The method is particularly suitable for controlling the production of concrete products.
    Fig. 1 is a diagram of the device used in the method according to the invention in the filling position, front view; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on
    fig.Z - section BB in figure 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the cross-section of the sealing cylinder of the device and its sealing pistons in the working position; figure 5 - various working stages of the method according to the invention.
    The device shown in FIGS. 1-4 contains a vertical, supported on frame 1, sealing cylinder 2 and a lower sealing piston 3, which closes the lower end of the cylinder and is fixed on a rotating vertical rod 4. A vertical rod 6 is fixed on the supporting device 5 rotatably. Carrier 5
    strengthened with the possibility of vertical movement on the frame above the sealing cylinder. The upper sealing piston 7 is mounted on a vertical rod 6 and is designed to close the upper
    end of sealing cylinder. The vertical rod 6 is attached to the traverse of the hydraulic cylinder 8, mounted on the frame. This crosshead allows the carrier and the pistons to move.
    in the vertical direction.
    A box of 9 gears is fastened on the supporting surface of the frame, which is connected with the vertical rod 4 of the lower sealing piston and with the vertical rod 6 of the upper sealing piston by means of the intermediate rod 10 and gear 11 so that both vertical rods rotate same number of rotations. The gearbox contains several different gears and is driven by an electric motor 12.
    Each sealing piston defines a circular plate 13 or 14, respectively, which is inclined relative to the vertical axis. Both pistons are fixed obliquely on the rods, so that the plates 13 and 14 are placed parallel to each other, which follows from figures 1 and 2.
    The device comprises a measuring device 15 containing, for example, pressure indicators 16-18 in the hydraulic cylinder 8, the number of rotations of the sealing pistons and the movement of the support device. Scale bar 19 is attached to
    one side of the frame to directly indicate the vertical position of the carrier.
    Figure 5 shows the measurement method implemented by the device.
    A sample of 20 is taken from the concrete mix, having a certain mass m.
    The sample is placed in a sealing cylinder 2, the cross sectional area of which is F, and the upper sealing piston is lowered onto the sample. The piston compresses the sample by means of a hydraulic cylinder with a constant force P. After that, the pistons are rotated by means of an electric motor so that the inclined plates 13 and 14 transfer the shear effect of compression to the sample. As a result, the sample is compressed by the value of S. What can be read from the scale bar 19. After a certain number of piston rotations, the sample volume becomes A. The torque value of the resistance of rotation of the pistons during rotation is measured for rods adjacent to the pistons and rotating them by means of a measuring device. for measuring the torque, or by means of a measuring device for measuring the torque, associated with the engine. The measurement is carried out for at least one specific sample shear rate, however mainly for two different shear rates. The sample shear rate depends on the angular velocity O) of the rods and on the angle of inclination of the plates 13 and 14, taking into account the straight line defined by the rods 4 and 6, whereby the instantaneous maximum shear rate inside the cavity passing through the axes of the cylinder is directly proportional to angular velocity of the product ft sina
    The maximum shear rate is varied in accordance with the torque so that this maximum shear rate is obtained with one rotation in any direction of measurement. Since the plates 13 and 14 are always parallel, the shear rate in an arbitrary cross section is equal to the velocities in parallel cross sections, so that the shear velocity field is completely uniform over the entire sealing cylinder 2. When measuring torque for more than one speed, the measurement is either on the same sample by changing the shear rate in the measurement, or a new sample is taken for each shear rate. In this case, all samples are identical. When two shear rates are used, it is preferable that the second shear rate is 5-10 times greater than the first shear rate, which is typically 0.5 rad / s.
    - The degree of plasticity and plasticity of the sample can be easily calculated from the torque of the resistance to rotation of the pistons at different shear rates.
    The compacted sample can be used as a cylindrical test specimen 21, by which the strength properties of concrete can be measured after the concrete has set.
    Since the motor is controlled by a simple program, it can be stopped at certain intervals in order to calculate the number of rotations n carried out by the pistons and the corresponding sediments S. Alternatively, the electric motor can rotate continuously and the number of rotations of the pistons and the precipitates are continuously transformed th block 22
    by recording device 23 for compaction ability. The electric device 24 measures the torque and is connected to the electric motor, and the electric device 25
    associated with rods 4 and 6.
    Using the method, it becomes possible to quickly measure the rheological properties of the concrete mixture being prepared, for example, several tens of measurements per minute, and thus obtain information whether the concrete mass satisfies the requirements of the molding works in each particular case using special molding machines.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. A method for determining the plastic and rheological properties of moldable materials, which consists in that a sample of a certain weight, taken from the mass of the material being studied, is molded by rotation and the resistance to rotation is measured, differing in that. that, in order to increase the accuracy of determination in the study of rigid concrete masses,
    Simultaneously with the rotation, to compress the sample, use its compression between two parallel inclined plates by simultaneously applying to each of them a constant force perpendicular to the plane of the plate, measure the volumes of the sample before and after the molding. and the value of the moment of resistance to rotation of the inclined plates at a certain speed of their rotation and at a certain value of the angle of inclination, according to which the desired properties are judged.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, wherein m and h ay and flex s that, when changing the rotational speed, each time a sample is taken again from the mass of the material under investigation.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, wherein that the first rotational speed is 0.5 rad / s.
    five
    FIG L
    GV 17
    6-B
    Fi.Z
    IzA
    eight
    1
    I
    Fi.by
    21
    5
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE8901138L|1989-03-31|
    ATA905687A|1993-10-15|
    GB2217463B|1990-10-10|
    FI863993A0|1986-10-02|
    FI75672B|1988-03-31|
    DK298688A|1988-06-01|
    FR2604785B1|1991-03-22|
    AT397722B|1994-06-27|
    SE461811B|1990-03-26|
    HUT49947A|1989-11-28|
    WO1988002481A1|1988-04-07|
    US4930346A|1990-06-05|
    GB8903272D0|1989-05-04|
    AU8074587A|1988-04-21|
    CH673533A5|1990-03-15|
    GB2217463A|1989-10-25|
    CA1305337C|1992-07-21|
    NL8720525A|1989-07-03|
    SE8901138D0|1989-03-31|
    JPH01501092A|1989-04-13|
    FI75672C|1988-07-11|
    FR2604785A1|1988-04-08|
    BE1000843A5|1989-04-18|
    DK298688D0|1988-06-01|
    引用文献:
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    US3461717A|1968-03-29|1969-08-19|Wayne A Dunlap|Gyratory compactor|
    US3803903A|1972-03-23|1974-04-16|Du Pont|Apparatus and method for measuring the rheological properties of a fluid|
    US4095461A|1976-12-27|1978-06-20|Starita Joseph M|Rheological test method and apparatus|
    DE2728181C3|1977-06-23|1980-01-31|Karl Prof. Dipl.-Ing. 6101 Seeheim Listner|Device for the production of test specimens from non-pourable bituminous masses|
    SU868472A1|1980-01-03|1981-09-30|Институт Механики Полимеров Ан Латвсср|Rotary elastoviscosimeter measuring unit|
    US4299119A|1980-03-13|1981-11-10|National Metal And Refining Company, Ltd.|Incremental rotary viscometer|
    US4343190A|1980-06-02|1982-08-10|Monsanto Company|Moving die rheometer, method of testing materials therewith, and die for use therein|
    FI71619C|1985-04-03|1987-01-19|Partek Ab|FOERFARANDE OCH APPARAT FOER MAETNING AV EGENSKAPERNA SPECIELLT FOERTAETNINGSBARHETEN AV EN TROEG, GJUTBAR MASSA.|FI71619C|1985-04-03|1987-01-19|Partek Ab|FOERFARANDE OCH APPARAT FOER MAETNING AV EGENSKAPERNA SPECIELLT FOERTAETNINGSBARHETEN AV EN TROEG, GJUTBAR MASSA.|
    US4864866A|1988-04-11|1989-09-12|Hardy Raymond D|Mechanical property testing machine|
    US5319958A|1990-03-13|1994-06-14|Rikagaku Kenkyusho|Apparatus and method for evaluating phase change of emulsion|
    FI96243C|1993-10-26|1996-05-27|Ilmari Paakkinen|Method and apparatus for measuring the properties of grainy soils|
    IL114494D0|1995-07-06|1995-11-27|Te Eni Moshe|System and method for controlling concrete production|
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    CN105004603A|2015-07-28|2015-10-28|武汉科技大学|Sample for testing adhesion and anti-shearing strength of refractory mortar and testing method thereof|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI863993A|FI75672C|1986-10-02|1986-10-02|FOERFARANDE FOER MAETNING AV EGENSKAPER HOS FORMBARA MATERIAL, SAERSKILT PLASTISKA OCH REOLOGISKA EGENSKAPER.|
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