• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to the process of recycling products based on starch bottles, sheet materials, strips, tubes, rods, etc. The invention allows to standardize the quality of products and reduce the percentage of their waste. This is achieved due to the fact that compositions containing as main components starch and water in an amount of 10-40% by weight of starch - water are heated in a closed volume of a screw device to half a melt and then be molded. At the same time, the temperature of the beginning and end of the molding is established according to the scanning calorimetric diagram - the melt formation is carried out at a temperature corresponding to the end of the endothermic change, located on the diagram before the peak of the endothermic change characteristic of thermo-oxidative destruction of starch. 3 dw., 3 tab. Yo
    公开号:SU1743357A3
    申请号:SU894613237
    申请日:1989-01-18
    公开日:1992-06-23
    发明作者:Фредерик Томас Степто Роберт；Доблер Бит
    申请人:Варнер-Ламберт Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a process for processing starch-based compositions in articles, such as bottles, sheets, films, tubes, rods, laminates, pharmaceutical capsules, etc. can be obtained by the proposed method.
    The aim of the invention is to achieve a standard quality of products and a reduction in the percentage of their marriage.
    Figure 1 shows a thermoanalytical system; figure 2 - thermal analysis system Perkin-Elmer; on fig.Z - thermogram of the native mixture (curve B) and potato starch (curve A).
    Example 1. A sample of native potato starch, which contains 17% water, calculated on the total weight, is heated in a closed digester DSC at a rate of 10 ° C / min. The resulting thermogram is shown in FIG.
    The overconversion (a specific narrow peak occurring immediately before the endothermic change characteristic of the oxidative and thermal destruction of starch) was observed at a nominal temperature of 183 ° C. Two samples of the same material were subjected to separate heating under the specified conditions. The first sample is heated to a nominal temperature of 195 ° C immediately after the conversion process is completed. After cooling and opening the digester DSC, it was determined that the sample had turned into a solidified transparent melt. The second sample is heated under the same conditions to a nominal temperature of only 172 ° C. After cooling and opening of the digester DSC it was established that non-VI was formed.
    WITH
    coke
    VI

    with
    transparent material. This indicates the incompleteness of melt formation.
    Example 2. DSC thermograms are obtained using native starches containing 12. 14, 17, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 42% water (in mass percent of the total mass). The result obtained is shown in Fig. 2. It is quite obvious that overconversion occurs to a water content of approximately 40%.
    Example 3. Various samples of potato starch are used to make small thin-walled (approximately 0.3 mm thick) pharmaceutical conveyors by injection molding with temperature setting cycles increasing from room temperature to 160 ° C for 3.5 minutes. Such samples were chosen because their range of nominal superconversion temperatures is 14 ° C (183-198 ° C), as measured by DSC analysis at a heating rate of 10 ° C / min. Formed containers inspect. The percentage of defective castings is given in Table 1 in connection with their superconversion temperatures. With an increase in the superconversion temperature of the material, the percentage of defective parts decreases.
    The true melt temperature during processing is above the set temperature, at the superconversion endotherm, the interval is approximately 20 ° C and the nominal temperature exceeds the true temperature. From the results of Table 1, it is clear that the lower the nominal superconversion temperature of the material, the higher the percentage of its melt, which undergoes endothermic superconversion during processing, and the lower the percentage of defective parts.
    Example 4. The superconversion temperature can be controlled by the concentration and type of counter-ions in the starch. Tables 2 and 3 list the transformation temperatures for the two starches in the native state and in a state in which the metal cations are removed or replaced by other leaching cations at room temperature, as a result of which no thermal decomposition or decomposition occurs.
    Sample 9 is native starch, which contains 1 g of free salts for every 5 kg of starch. This starch is washed at room temperature with an excess of demineralized water in order to remove these salts, as it is
    determined by gravimetric analysis to obtain sample 10, which is characterized by a 12 ° C decrease in superconversion temperatures in comparison with
    corresponding to the native material of sample 9. Thus, processing the starch of sample 9 at a low temperature is simplified by washing with water.
    Second native starch (sample 11)
    0 washed with an excess of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid at room temperature, and then neutralized with an appropriate amount of 0.1 M base, resulting in cationic starches of samples 12-15, in which the native cations associated with the phosphate groups of starch are replaced cation species as indicated in Table 3 (samples 12 through 15). In this case, the superconversion temperature unexpectedly rises depending on the type of cation.
    Recycling sample 10 is simplified in
    comparing with the processing of native material. Processing samples from 12 and 15 turned out to be more difficult than processing native material.
    Example 5. Native starch (water content - 17%) is mixed with 1% mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides of fatty acids,
    0 which are characterized by the distribution over the chain lengths, and 0.5% of the solid soy lecithin. The amounts of additives are calculated based on only one native starch.
    Figure 5 shows a thermogram of this
    native mixture (curve B) and potato starch together with 17% water (curve A). The overconversion enthalpy for curve B is much smaller,
    As a result, processing is simplified. Additional endotherm at lower temperatures for curve B corresponds to the melting of additives and is too low a temperature to influence
    5 on the homogeneity of the melt.
    Example 6. Starting from a starch composition containing 10% water by weight of the composition, the thermogram obtained in Example 2 was obtained. Upper transition
    0 occurs at a nominal temperature of 199 ° C, with the result that the number of defective parts is 6.9%.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Claims The method of processing the compositions of starch5 is small, comprising heating compositions containing as main components starch and water in an amount of 10-40% by weight of starch - water in a closed volume of a screw device to obtain a melt and then molding it into
    The product, when setting the temperature of the beginning and end of the molding according to the scanning calorimetric diagram, characterized in that, in order to achieve the standard quality of the products and reduce the percentage of their scrap, the melt molding
    carried out at a temperature corresponding to the end of the endothermic change, located on the diagram in front of the peak of the endothermic change characteristic of thermo-oxidative degradation of starch.
    Table 1
    ten
    table 2
    Table 3
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    z / wj Nrssi rtogotfiidi
    / J / jk) loshos
    (l wj night under: l e л
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2858989A|1989-07-27|
    DE68916556T2|1995-02-09|
    GB2214516B|1992-10-07|
    DE68916556D1|1994-08-11|
    AT108189T|1994-07-15|
    AU618777B2|1992-01-09|
    EP0326517B1|1994-07-06|
    JP2606916B2|1997-05-07|
    GB2214516A|1989-09-06|
    GB8801562D0|1988-02-24|
    EP0326517A1|1989-08-02|
    BR8900211A|1989-09-12|
    JPH01217002A|1989-08-30|
    CN1039598A|1990-02-14|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB8801562A|GB2214516B|1988-01-25|1988-01-25|Method of producing destructurised starch|
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