• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A magnetic bearing with permanent magnets for absorption of the radial bearing stresses and with a stabiliser is specified for a rotor, which stabiliser holds the rotor in a position relative to the stator such that it does not make contact. Mounted on the stator for this purpose there are electric coils which interact with parts which can be magnetised but are fitted on the rotor. In order to render the bearing as independent as possible from the spatial orientation of the rotor axis and from deformation of the housing, in the region of the rotor centre of gravity (Figure 1, reference symbol 4) there is arranged a centre of gravity bearing (5) with a comparatively high radial stiffness and, at another point of the rotor 1, a stabilisation bearing (7) having a low radial stiffness in comparison with the centre of gravity bearing. The centre of gravity bearing (5) supports the majority of the rotor weight, the stabilisation bearing (7) essentially takes over the static and dynamic stabilisation of the complete system. <IMAGE>
    公开号:SU1711681A3
    申请号:SU894613623
    申请日:1989-03-10
    公开日:1992-02-07
    发明作者:К.Фремерей Йохан
    申请人:Форшунгсцентрум Юлих, Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    s
    Yo
    The invention relates to machine building, in particular to contactless support assemblies. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the dependence of the alignment on the deformation.
    FIG. 1 shows the design of a magnetic support assembly; in fig. 2 - support of the center of the tin with a set of magnetic rings magnetized in the axial direction; in fig. 3 - the same, with two sets of magnetic rings magnetized in opposite directions; in fig. 4 - the same, with magnetic disks, which have two concentrically arranged annular zones of opposite axial magnetization; in fig. 5 - stabilizing support; in fig. 6 — radial thrust sleeve; in fig. 7 - axial sensing element; in fig. 8 - drive motor; in fig. 9 - thrust bearing.
    The magnetic support assembly (Fig. 1) consists of a rotor 1 comprising a shaft 2 and a machine part 3 fixed to the shaft 2, for example a flywheel. The center of 4 tons of tin of the rotor 1 is located inside the support 5 of the center of the tin of tin. The support 5 of the center of the body is fixed on the bearing housing 6, which also has a stabilizing support 7. On the bearing housing 6 for sensing the axial position of the rotor 1, a sensing element 8 is located, which is connected to the input of the control amplifier 9.
    The support 5 of the center of the tin plate (FIG. 2) has magnetic rings THAT of the rotor -1 and magnetic rings 11 of the stator, which are basically the same in size and are arranged one after the other inside preferably made of ferrous metal or other magnetic conductive material of the center support body 12 t tinsel in such a way that the magnetic rings 10 of the rotor 1
    About 00

    with
    located between the stator magnetic rings 11. The magnetic rings 10 of the rotor are fixed with the help of the supporting disks 13 on the shaft 2. The end surfaces of the magnetic wheels of the rotor 1 and the stator are located one against the other at a slight axial distance.
    All magnetic rings 10 and 11 of the rotor 1 and the stator of the support 5 of the center of the body of tin are composed of a magnetically hard material and are magnetized in a direction parallel to the axis. The magnetic rings of the rotor 1 and the stator are fixed on the shaft 2 or in the body 12 of the support 5 Gravity Center. Thus, they are arranged relative to their direction of magnetization 14 (shown in Fig. 2 by arrows).
    Magnetic rings 10 in the exemplary embodiment are fitted into protective rings 15 of a material with high tensile strength so that they are not torn apart by high centrifugal forces at high speeds of rotation. As a material for protective rings 15, along with high-strength alloys of high-grade steel and titanium alloys, are suitable, in particular, fiber-reinforced synthetic materials, for example, synthetic materials reinforced with glass fiber, carbon fiber or boron fiber.
    FIG. 3 shows another variant of the support 5 of the center of tin with concentric magnetic rings of the rotor 1 and the stator, the set of magnetic rings 16 of the rotor and magnetic rings 17 of the stator and located inside the set of magnetic rings 18 of the rotor and magnetic rings 19 of the stator adjacently located concentrically located .
    In the embodiment of the support 5 of the center of the tin plate (FIG. 4), disks 20 and 21 of magnetically hard material are used, which have concentric annular zones of opposite magnetization, respectively marked by arrows, and made consistent with each other and used in such a way that the zones of disks 20 and 21 on permanent magnets (by analogy with the arrangement of the support in accordance with Fig. 2), magnetized in the outer and inner zones in the opposite direction. In this embodiment of the magnetic support 5, preferably all the disks 20 and 21 are mounted on the reverse flow elements 22 and 23, whereby the effect of the zones on the permanent magnets is further enhanced. In the embodiment according to fig. 4 provided
    a protective ring 24 made of a nonmagnetic material with high tensile strength covering the entire magnetic rings of the rotor along the entire axial length.
    In the housing 25 (FIG. 5) stabilizing
    The supports 7 are inserted into two electric coils 26, which interact with two annular-mounted on the shaft 2. by standing magnets 27 in this way
    0 that with the average position of the ring magnets 27 in the housing 25, an axial force is transmitted to the rotor 1, the direction and magnitude of which is unambiguously and linearly matched to the direction and magnitude of the flowing
    5 over current coils. In this case, the direction of current flow in the coils 26 is directed oppositely, respectively.
    The ring magnets 27 of the stabilizing support 7 are mounted on the support disks 28 and inserted into protective rings 29 of a non-magnetic material with high tensile strength. Between the ring magnets 27, a disk 30 made of a material with a good electrical conductivity, preferably of copper, is rigidly connected to the stator. In the disk 30, with the radial vibrations of the rotor 1, electric eddy currents are induced with the help of ring magnets 27. Containing with in
    By vibrating the movement of the rotor 1, mechanical energy is transmitted inductively to the disk 30 and converted into heat. In this way, the vibration of the rotor is effectively quenched.
    5Thanks to turning the rotor 1 around
    On its axis 31 (Fig. 1), only negligible eddy currents are generated in the disk 30, because the magnetizing force of the disk 30 does not change during this movement.
    0 The disc 30, in addition to the gap formed by annular magnets 27, has an edge projection 32, which improves the short circuit of eddy currents, so that the quenching of vibrations becomes more efficient.
    5 The sensing element 8 is designed to register the axial position of the rotor 1 (Fig. 7). The coils 33 and 34 of the sensing element are basically the same size and with the same number
    0 turns mounted stationary on the housing 35 of the sensing element. At a small axial distance in front of the end surface of the coil 33 of the sensing element at the end of the shaft 36 there is a marker part 37 of a material with good electrical conductivity and / or magnetically conductive, for example aluminum, ferrite or steel. The second coil 34 of the sensing element is located against the corresponding marker part
    38, which is mounted on the housing 35 of the sensing element. In the exemplary embodiment, the marker part 38 consists of the same material as the marker part 37.
    As the rotor of the drive motor 39, the rotor part 40 is fixed on the shaft 2 of the rotor 1 (Fig. 8), the essential parts of which consist of a material of a permanent magnet with radial magnetization. The rotor part 40 is contactlessly surrounded by a motor stator 41, which has a three-phase current winding and is powered by a multi-phase three-phase current generator or a three-phase current converter 42. The drive motor 39 can be mounted in any free space of the shaft 2, in particular, it can be located between the support 5 of the center of the body and the stabilizing support 7,
    Thrust bearing 43 is located on the shaft 2 of the rotor (Fig. 9). The thrust bearing is rigidly fixed on the shaft 2 magnetic or spindle bearings 44 and 45, which are mounted against each other. Magnetic or spindle bearings act axially in conjunction with a casing 46 fixed to the support body 6 with support surfaces 47, which must be assembled from several parts. The bearing surfaces 47 prevent further deviation of the rotor 1.
    A stop sleeve 48, designed to radially restrict the freedom of movement of the shaft 2, is fixed to the body 12 of the center of gravity bearing (Fig. 6). The stop sleeve 48 is preferably composed of a synthetic material with good antifriction properties, for example polytetrafluoroethylene or polyamide, with inclusions of antifriction materials.
    Magnetic reference node of the rotor works as follows
    When axial perturbing forces are applied to the rotor, the output current of the regulating amplifier 9 loads the following: in the stabilizing support 7, deflecting coils in such a way that, when the axial deviations of the rotor from a predetermined contactless position, the return force is exerted on the rotor 1. The control amplifier 9 is preferably designed in such a way that the rotor 1 occupies an axial position in which all static axial forces acting in support 5 of the center of gravity are compensated, so that under these conditions the current at the output of control amplifier 9 tends to zero. This is true; with a satisfactory choice of the parameters of the support 5 of the center of the body and the stabilizing support 7, in particular also for the case of the vertical position of the axis of the entire system, in which besides the center of the body of support and the stabilizing support 7 of the magnetostatic axial forces created 7
    0 rotor 1. In this case, the magnetic forces directed towards the top should be chosen greater in weight than the magnetic forces directed downwards. Detail 3 of the machine must be mounted on the shaft 2 such
    5 so that the center of gravity of the rotor 1 coincides as far as possible with the middle of the support 5 of the center of the body of tin.
    When radial displacements of the rotor 1 in the supports 5 and 7, stabilizing
    0 magnetic forces. These forces are due to the interaction of the magnetic rings 10 and 11, 17 and 16, 18 and 19, 20 and 21. The radial oscillations of the rotor 1 cause a change in the magnetic field coupled to the conductive diode 30. In this case, the disk 30 induces eddy currents, which provide dissipation of the kinetic energy of the radial oscillations of the rotor 1, i.e. damping these vibrations.
    0 The damping of the axial oscillations of the rotor 1 is accomplished by leading the control signal at the output of the control amplifier 9 of the signal of the axial displacement of the rotor 1.
    5 Thus, the support assembly is stable and damped in all directions, with the electromagnetic deflecting means working only in the direction of the axis. the rotor 31, for the rest, however, act
    0 only permanent magnets 10 and 11, 16, 17, 18 and 19, 20 and 21.
    The thrust safety bearing 43 (Fig. 9) is designed to receive axial radial forces at, for example, from -.
    5 kaza axial stabilization system of the rotor 1. In this case, the outer rings of the ball bearings 44 and 45 will rest on the bearing surfaces 47 of the casing 46. When using a magnetic bearing assembly for machine assemblies in which the magnetic bearing assembly contacts the corrosive media, the magnetic rings 10 , 11, 16-21 are protected from the end surfaces. For this purpose
    5, for example, protective sheets of non-magnetisable material, for example, high-quality steels, pasted on the end surface of the magnetic rings 10 11, 16-21. Coatings can also be used instead of protective sheets.
    magnetic rings 10, 11. 16 21 by electroplating protective layers from the liquid phase.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1. Magnetic permanent-magnet rotor support assembly for sensing radial forces on the supports, containing a stator, a stabilizer that holds the rotor in a non-contact position relative to the stator, electric coil axle: stabilization, a rotor located on the stator, which interact with attached to rotor magnetizing parts, characterized in that, in order to reduce the dependence of the alignment on the deformation, the support assembly is provided with a device for suppressing the radial movements of the rotor relative to one hundred torus, operating on the principle of the excitation of eddy currents, one of the supports on permanent magnets is made with relatively high rigidity and is located in the center of gravity of the rotor, the other support is made with relatively small rigidity relative to the first support, while the electric coils for axial stabilization of the rotor and device for suppressing the radial movements of the rotor are located on the second of said supports.
    [2]
    2. Magnetic unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first support consists of a set of magnetic rings made of a magnetically hard material coaxially with the rotor axis with the same directional axial magnetization, with the magnetic rings of the rotor and stator in the axial direction alternately the surface of the magnetic rings of the rotor and stator are arranged with a gap relative to each other.
    [3]
    3. Magnetic unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, besides the first set of rotor and stator magnetic rings, at least one second set of magnetic rings are installed with axial magnetization opposite to the first set, with the end surfaces of the magnetic rings of the rotor or stator of one set in one plane, the facing surfaces of the magnetic rings of the rotor or stator of another set.
    [4]
    4. Magnetic unit according to claim 3, characterized in that disks of magnetically hard material with at least two concentric annular zones having opposite axial magnetization are used as a set of concentric magnetic rings.
    [5]
    5. The magnetic node on PP. 1-4, characterized in that the magnetic rings
    Coated to protect ring material from corrosive media.
    [6]
    6. Magnetic node according to p; 5, characterized in that the coating consists of
    mounted on the magnetic rings of protective rings and / or protective sheets.
    [7]
    7. The magnetic assembly according to claim 5, distinguishing between, and, in that the coating of the magnetic rings is obtained by deposition from a liquid phase.
    [8]
    8. The magnetic node on PP. 5-7, which is based on the fact that the coating consists of 1 material with high tensile strength.
    [9]
    9. Magnetic node on the PP. 1-8, about tl and - 5 due to the fact that the first support has
    stop sleeve for mechanically limiting the radial clearance in the support.
    [10]
    10. Magnetic node pop. 9, characterized in that the abutment sleeve of the lining on heat-resistant synthetic material with antifriction properties, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene or polyamide with inclusions of antifriction material.
    five
    [11]
    11. Magnetic node in PP. 1-10, characterized in that in order to determine the axial position of the rotor, the stabilizer is equipped with two marker parts and a sensing element, consisting mainly of two coils with equal impedance located on the body of the assembly, one coil with axial clearance relative to the first marker part fixed
    5, preferably at one of the axial shaft ends and made of a material with high electrical and / or magnetic conductivity, the coil and the marker part located opposite one another being substantially flat and oriented perpendicular to the rotor axis, and the other coil opposite the second core part located on the body of the unit, made of the same material as the first marker part.
    [12]
    12. The magnetic node on PP. 1-11, characterized in that a drive motor is mounted on the rotor unit,
    0 whose rotor is made of a magnetically magnetised magnetically hard magnetic material.
    [13]
    13. The magnetic assembly of claim 12, wherein the drive stator is
    5 electric motor made three-phase winding with power from a three-phase generator or converter.
    [14]
    14. Magnetic node in PP. 1-13, characterized in that an axial thrust bearing is disposed on the rotor, comprising
    two magnetic or mechanical bearings mounted on the rotor shaft, mounted in opposite axial directions, and a bearing case connected to the housing.
    [15]
    15. Magnetic node in PP. 1-14, characterized in that a flywheel of high-strength material, in particular of a fibrous composite, is mounted on the rotor
    I
    /////////// Z7 / 7/7 //////
    I
    y // /////////// 7/7 / Z &
    V
    FIG: I
    /,
    / 2
    material designed for use at high speeds of rotation.
    [16]
    16. The magnetic node on PP. 1-15, distinguished by the fact that it is installed in
    a gas turbine rotor support unit with an axial and / or radial seal, in particular, in a turbomolecular pump.
    [17]
    17. Magnetic node in PP. 1-16, distinguished by the fact that it is installed in
    support unit of the rotor of the limiting impeller.
    9
    FIG: I
    $
    77/0/5
    , 2 №Ј№ f--.//.
    2 Fig.Z-ig 8
    2f
    FIG. four
    36
    26 23 30 32 23 26
    Fig.b
    35
    FIG. eight
    43.
    47W ////// r /
    U ff5
    2 FIG. 9
    .42
    X
    M-47
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3808331A|DE3808331C2|1988-03-12|1988-03-12|
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