• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The wall (3) and lining (4) of the combustion chamber (5) of a high-temperature, high pressure reactor is penetrated by a water- cooled housing (1) in which there is coaxially disposed an optical system (2) so that scavenging gas can be passed through a gap (8) between the optical system (2) and the housing (1) into the chamber (5) over a diffuser surface (19) to keep clear the front lens (11) of the optical system. In accordance with the invention a hollow frusto-conical element (12) has the lens (11) fitted in its larger- diameter end, its narrower-diameter end providing a light-admission aperture (13), nearer the chamber (5). The rear part of the wall of the element (12) has openings (17) through which scavenging gas can enter the element (12) to exit from the aperture (13) surrounded by scavenging gas passing through the frusto-conical gap (16) between the element (12) and housing (1). <IMAGE>
    公开号:SU1636643A1
    申请号:SU837772980
    申请日:1983-05-16
    公开日:1991-03-23
    发明作者:Ханс-Луц Бойерман；Роланд Бианчин；Вернер Франке；Кристиан РИДЕЛЬ；Манфред Шингниц；Петер Гелер；Эберхард Клаусницер；Ролф Гроссе
    申请人:Бренштоффинститут Фрейберг (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to devices for transmitting optical signals from the reaction space of high-temperature reactors operating at elevated pressure.
    A periscope for observing combustion processes in reactors is known, which contains a cylindrical water-cooled shell with an outlet nozzle having a confuser section that coaxially surrounds the observation pipe with the formation of an annular channel and is equipped with a lens system, the front of which is facing the reaction space (Shch patent No. 76055 , Cl. 24K, 8, published 1971).
    The disadvantage of this device is the deposition of slag on the cooled end surface of the periscope, which impede the course of the rays, which limits the operation of the device
    The aim of the invention is to increase operational reliability. This goal is achieved by the fact that the observation pipe is provided with a tapered tapered nozzle with a central hole and longitudinal through gaps covering the front lens and positioned to form an annular gap in the confused section of the outlet nozzle of the cladding, confusing angle the area of which is equal to or greater than the angle of narrowing of the external surface of the nozzle, and the total area of the passage section of the slots in the latter exceeds the corresponding area Its central opening The through-holes of the nozzle are tangential. Moreover, the through-slots are symmetrically located along the nozzle and are curved as part of an ellipse, with open branches of different lengths tilted at an angle exceeding the nozzle taper angle.
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    The nozzles in the front face section are made with an outer cylindrical section smoothly mated with its conical surface.
    The annular gap in the area of the exit nozzle is evenly divided into separate holes by radial partitions fixed on the nozzle and adjacent to the shell.
    The ratio of the area of the bore of the central opening of the nozzle to the corresponding section of the annular gap is 0.5-1, A, preferably 1, and the ratio of the diameter of the central opening to the diameter of the front lens is 0.125-0.2.
    The exit nozzle is made at the end with a diffuser, smoothly mated with the predisposed confused part.
    Figure 1 shows the periscope, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa on fig.Z - view B in figure 1; Fig. 4 shows a cone. tapering nozzles with through-holes made in the form of open branches; figure 5 is a section bb In figure 4; figure 6 - node I in figure 1.
    The periscope for transmitting optical signals from the reaction space of high-temperature reactors contains a cylindrical water-cooled shell 1 with an outlet nozzle 2 having a confuser section coaxially encompassing with the formation of an annular channel 3 a tube 4 for observation, equipped with a lens system.
    The front lens 5 faces the reaction space. The observation pipe 4 is provided with a tapered tapering nozzle 6 with a central hole 7 and longitudinal through holes b, which enclose the front lens 5 and placed with the formation of an annular slit 9 in the confused section of the outlet nozzle 2 of the shell 1, the angle of narrowing of the confusion section of the nozzle 2 is equal to or
    the angle of the outer surface of the nozzle 6 is larger, and the total area of the passage section of the slots 8 in the latter exceeds the corresponding area of its central hole 7. The through slots 8 of the nozzle 6 are tangential. In addition, the through slots 8 are located along the nozzle 6 rotationally symmetrically and are curved as part of an ellipse with the non-closed branches 10 and 11 of different length inclined at an angle exceeding the taper angle of the nozzle 6 in the direction of narrowing the nozzle 6.
    The nozzles 6 in the zone of the front face section are made with the outer cylindrical section 12 smoothly mated with its conical surface.
    The annular gap 9 in the zone of the exit nozzle 2 is evenly divided into separate holes 13 by radial partitions 14 fixed on the nozzle 6 and adjacent to the shell 1. The partitions 14 serve to center the nozzle. The ratio of the bore area of the central opening 7 of the attachment 6 to the corresponding section of the annular gap 9 is 0.5-1.4, preferably 1, and the ratio of the diameter of the central opening 7 to the diameter of the front lens 5 is 0.125-0.2.
    The output nozzle 2 is made at the end with a diffuser 15, which is smoothly mated with the predisposed confuser section.
    The radius R of the diffuser surface is chosen such that the viewing angle in the reactor does not change. This means that the surface of the diffuser 15 is located behind the central hole 7.
    The observation tube 4 is introduced through the refractory lining 16 into the reaction space and the flange 17 is tightly connected to the reactor shell. The periscope is closed by a high-pressure window 18. A purge gas is supplied to the annular channel 3 through a port 19. The purge gas pressure is higher than the pressure in the reaction space and is about 3.5 MPa. The pipe 4 is provided with holes 20, serving to equalize the pressure between the annular channel 3 and the internal pro-
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    pipe space 4. The angle of narrowing of the surface of the nozzle 6 to the periscope axis is 25 °, and in the reaction space the viewing angle is approximately 50 °. With an effective front lens diameter of 5 in the order of 20 mm, the diameter of the center hole 7 is 3 mm.
    The shell 1 is equipped with nozzles 21 and 22 for supplying and discharging the cooling water of the supplying water and the partition 23.
    Periscope works as follows.
    A purge gas is supplied through the nozzle 19 to the annular channel 3. A portion of the purge gas passes through the annular gap 9 into the reaction space. The other part through tangential slots 8 enters the nozzle 6 and then swirls through the central hole 7 also enters the reaction space. Cooling water enters shell 1 through pipe 21. Due to the partition 23, the entire amount of water is supplied to the especially overheated parts of the shell 1 - the diffuser and the end surface.
    With a purge gas flow rate of about 30. m / h, the periscope during prolonged operation is not subject to deposits of slag and dust, which limit the viewing angle.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. A periscope for transmitting optical signals from the reaction space of high-temperature reactors, comprising a cylindrical water-cooled shell with an outlet nozzle having a confuser section, coaxially enveloping the observation channel with the formation of an annular channel, equipped with a lens system, the frontal one facing the reaction space, characterized in that, in order to increase operational reliability, the observation pipe is provided with a tapered tapering nozzle with a central opening and rhodonal through-holes, enclosing the frontal lens and placed with the formation of an annular slit in the confused section of the outlet nozzle of the shell, the angle of constriction of the confusing section of which is equal to or greater
    the angle of tapering of the external surface of the nozzle, and the total area of the passage section of the slots in the latter exceeds the corresponding area of its central hole
    [2]
    2. Periscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the through slots of the nozzle are made tangential.
    [3]
    3 The periscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the through slots are arranged symmetrically along the nozzle and are made curvilinear as part of an ellipse with non-closed branches of different lengths directed toward its constriction, inclined at an angle exceeding the taper angle of the nozzle
    [4]
    4. Periscope according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the nozzles in the area of the front face section are made with an outer cylindrical section smoothly mated with its conical surface
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    5 A periscope of, characterized in that the annular slot in the area of the exit nozzle is evenly divided into separate holes by radial partitions fixed on the nozzle and adjacent to the shell
    6 Periscope according to, characterized in that the ratio of the through-passage area of the central opening of the nozzle to the corresponding section of the annular gap is 0.5-1.4, preferably -1
    7. A periscope, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter of the central hole to the diameter of the front lens is 0.125-0.2.
    8 Periscope on PP.1-7, characterized in that the output nozzle is made at the end with a diffuser, smoothly mated with a predisposed confused pattern
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    Fig 2
    8id 5
    Fig.z
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    Phage.1 +
    7
    FIG. five
    Pu.Ј
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    引用文献:
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    US1717637A|1925-08-24|1929-06-18|George M Vastine|Observation window for furnaces|
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    US3297430A|1963-01-04|1967-01-10|Roechlingsche Eisen & Stahl|Method for producing ledeburitic steel showing a globular solidified structure|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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