• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method and an apparatus for the gaseous reduction of particulate iron ores is disclosed, wherein the reduced ore, commonly called DRI (Direct Reduced Iron) or sponge iron, is treated in a vertical shaft moving bed furnace and discharged from said furnace in solid particulate form at high temperature, e.g. above 500 DEG C. The shaft furnace is of the type wherein a bed of particles descends by gravity through said furnace which has an upper section where ore pellets, lumps, or the like are reduced by reaction with a hot reducing gas, and a lower section of a downwardly tapering, preferably, in a generally conical shape, which converges to an outlet discharge orifice of smaller cross sectional area than the rest of said furnace. A heat-exchanging means, optionally combined with insulation, in contact with the external surface of the wall of said lower section permits control of the temperature of said wall, whereby solids-flow problems in the furnace are minimized, producing a smooth operation and the desired hot exit temperature of the discharged DRI all in a reactor of a practical foreshortened size.
    公开号:SU1634141A3
    申请号:SU874202247
    申请日:1987-03-16
    公开日:1991-03-07
    发明作者:В.Маккей Патрик；Виктор Мануэль Лопес-Гомес Рональд；Присто Де Ля Фуэнте Пауль；Аурелио Флорес-Вердуго Марко
    申请人:Ильса С.А. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to metallurgy, to the processes of metallization of a piece of iron ore in shaft furnaces, with the subsequent supply of heated product to hot briquetting or melting.
    The aim of the invention is to improve the structure of the flow of particles and increase efficiency,
    Fig. 01 shows a shaft furnace for carrying out the method, vertical section; Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relative velocity of particles along the radius of the cone at different angles of the cone (the angle is measured from the center line of this outlet cone to its outer wall, t, e0 0: Ј 1Ј °) for three different cone heights: K, K, and R2); Fig. 3 is a diametrically opposite graph showing calculated temperature profiles from the wall of the outlet cone.
    The method is carried out in a shaft furnace for the direct reduction of iron ore particles in the form of lumps, granules or their mixtures.
    The shaft furnace contains the upper section 1, usually of a cylindrical shape, which is thermally insulated and lined.
    OZ Ј
     O4
    in which, in this furnace, the descending layer of iron ore particles is in contact in countercurrent with a rising flow of hot reducing gas to convert the iron ore into metallic iron
    The iron ore particles are fed into the shaft furnace by at least one feed pipe 2, which, together with the upper part of the furnace, forms an injection system separating the gas and communicating with the outlet 3 for the gas through which the spent recovery furnace leaves the furnace. innovative gas
    The layer of particles 4 is heated by a hot reducing gas entering the furnace through the gas inlet 5, and then the gas passes into the distribution injection system 6, where it is evenly distributed and fed into the layer of particles through the feed nozzles 7 o made in some cases in the form of a continuous injection system, Layer 4 reaches its maximum temperature in the order of 700-1000 ° C approximately near the point of introduction of the reducing gas and then continues to flow down through the lower section 8 of the furnace. "
    Section 8 has a conical shape tapering in the direction of the outlet 9 for solid particles, and it has a smooth metal surface made of carbon steel and in direct contact with hot particles of direct reduced iron. The conical wall 10 is surrounded by many heat exchange jackets II - 13, each having a separate means for circulating through it a cooling medium, preferably water or steam, and an appropriate regulating means (not shown) of the usual type for selective Adjusting or cutting off the amount of cooling medium that circulates through the jackets. Thus, the wall temperature and, consequently, the iron particles of the direct reduction in zones 14-16 are maintained at predetermined levels to ensure a uniform and smooth flow of the layer of iron particles recovering through the furnace with,
    In the lowermost part of the conical section 8 there is a metal wall 17 attached to the container,
    .
    Jq j5
    20 (5 here
    Q 5
    five
    formed by the wall 10 by means of an appropriate support means 18, thus thermal expansion and deformation of this wall 17 are possible, which are possible as a result of the temperature of the direct reduction iron particles in contact with the wall The wall 17 may be surrounded by a layer of insulating material 19 when necessary to reduce heat loss, and is closed by the extension of the wall 10o
    By controlling the amount of cooling medium circulating through the AND-13 jackets, the layers of particles that are in contact with the zone 14 of the wall 10 are brought to optimum temperature levels of 100-300 ° C and thus a uniform flow of solids is achieved through the reduction section 1 by providing the right conditions for mass flow in the conical bottom 8
    The cooling rates and relative sizes of the cooling jackets and the insulated part of the cone can be adjusted accordingly in this design to achieve the required average temperature of the produced iron by direct reduction of
    In some embodiments, the isolated cone portion 20 may be minimal or insignificant in size, or it may be replaced with another cooling jacket (not shown) depending on the flow characteristics, the temperature at which the ore in the reduction section of the furnace should be restored, and the set outlet temperature direct reduction iron and tod, when the layer of particles 4 moves downwards to pass through the conical part 8 of the bottom, the diameter of the furnace decreases and between the central line and the wall to A velocity difference is created on the surface, so particles near the center move faster than particles closer to the wall. When they go down, the average speed of all particles increases with respect to speed above any given level. This is graphically shown in Fig. 2 as the speed calculated for the material and wall surface, where the upper part of the conical section 8 (where it internally meets the section ten)
    represented as R, and graduation from
    The version at the bottom of section 12 is represented as C, while R denotes an intermediate position in the center of section 12. Curve The C shows the difference in speed from the wall (16 ° angle) to the center line (0 ° angle) at the exit. It can be seen that the differences in speed indicated by the curve for R at the top of the conical section 8 are relatively small (although the shape of the curve is very similar when viewed on an enlarged scale)
    When the particles are in contact with the water-cooled surface 10 of section 14, the layer of the part closest to the wall is cooled. Thus, the hot layer of particles moves down the boundary layer of cold particles that pass along the wall, and it does not require much steep wall angle "
    FigoZ shows the temperature profile of particles near the wall 10 of the conical section 8, calculated according to a mathematical model for the same material, wall surface and dimensions used on This means that all particles with R have the same temperature 8000 ° C but the temperature isotherm is 800 ° C you can see that most particles release any kind of cooling base (despite the cooling applied to the walls in order to improve the characteristics of the exhaust flow) 0 The average particle temperature at the outlet of the opening 9 is equal in this example to 697 With
    The boundary layer is sufficiently thin compared to the size of the reactor due to the low diffusion coefficient of the layer of direct reduced iron particles. Almost all particles remain hot, while a relatively small number of particles that are in contact with the wall or located very close to the wall are cooled quite strongly. After the particles exit the reactor, they are usually re-mixed during further processing and thus the cooled particles are reheated by the remaining particles. The temperature is uniform and it corresponds to the further hot treatment of direct reduction iron, for example, for hot briquetting or immediate
    e lb .JM41b
    efficiency is increased by reducing the sticking together of particles with the surface of the cone, improving the structure of the flow of particles
    five
    0
    0
    five
    Q 5 0 5
    five
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. The method of direct reduction of gummed iron ore using coal includes loading the source material in the form of lumps, pellets or their mixture into the upper part of the shaft furnace, maintaining the temperature of the recovered material flow above 700 ° C, forming a stream of the recovered material in the lower discharge zone of the furnace cone-shaped smooth cooling, and unloading the finished product at an average temperature of over 500 ° C through at least one discharge opening, characterized in that
    In order to increase the efficiency of the process by improving the structure of the particle flow, the particles of the material flow that are in contact with the conical surface are cooled by at least the upper part of this surface until the temperature reaches 50-400 ° C in the lower part of the surface.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the particles flow of material in contact with the cone-shaped surface are cooled until the temperature reaches 100 - 3000 ° C in the lower part of the surface.
    [3]
    The method according to 2, about tl and - which is due to the fact that the upper part of the conical surface is cooled by washing the cooling agent around
    [4]
    4o A shaft furnace for the gaseous direct reduction of iron ore with iron, containing a loading unit for lumpy ore, pellets or mixtures thereof, an upper vertical reducing section, a lower section, made in the form of a cone with a narrowing down, communicating with a discharge hole, characterized in that , in order to increase efficiency by improving the structure of the particle flow, the furnace is equipped with a controlled cooling system installed at least in the upper part of the conical section, while the conical section It is formed with a smooth metal surface, and the angle between the generatrix of the cone and the vertical axis is 10-20vS.
    [5]
    5. The furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that the system of means for controlled cooling is made
    in the form of adjacent areas concentrically located along the cone-shaped surface with the possibility of separately controlling their temperature.
    [6]
    6. The furnace according to points 4 and 5, characterized in that it is provided with thermal insulation located between the furnace body and the lower part of the conical surface
    81
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    CA1132800A|1982-10-05|Process and apparatus for producing liquid crudeiron and reduction gas
    US4054444A|1977-10-18|Method for controlling the carbon content of directly reduced iron
    EP0534243B1|2001-07-18|A method for treating gases and particulate solids in a fluid bed
    EP0558489B1|1996-09-18|Fluidized bed reactor and process for using same
    SU1634141A3|1991-03-07|Process and shaft furnace for direct gas reduction of granulated iron ore
    US4118017A|1978-10-03|Shaft furnace design
    US4002422A|1977-01-11|Packed bed heat exchanger
    US3118658A|1964-01-21|Apparatus for manufacturing a porous material such as blown clay, by heating
    US4032123A|1977-06-28|Shaft furnace for direct reduction of ores
    GB1588271A|1981-04-23|Method of and apparatus for recovering heat from molten slag
    CA1088730A|1980-11-04|Method for carrying out endothermic reduction processes in a circulating fluid bed and an apparatus therefor
    US4271993A|1981-06-09|Slag tap for coal slagging gasifier
    EP0059757B1|1987-02-04|Apparatus for continuously burning particles in air stream in a vertical furnace
    CA1106598A|1981-08-11|Apparatus for monitoring the feeding of particulate materials to a packed bed furnace
    KR100441791B1|2004-07-27|Device and method for dosed introduction of fine particle material into a reactor vessel
    KR20010024881A|2001-03-26|Method for reducing iron oxides and installation therefor
    US3599947A|1971-08-17|Apparatus for direct iron and steel making
    CA1185437A|1985-04-16|Method and apparatus for the reduction of metal ores
    US4391583A|1983-07-05|Process of thermally treating bulk materials in a rotary kiln
    US2532606A|1950-12-05|Pebble heater
    US4378244A|1983-03-29|System for coal injection in iron oxide reducing kilns
    US4042226A|1977-08-16|Method and apparatus for producing metallic iron pellets
    US2993779A|1961-07-25|Process of reducing metal oxides
    EP1214455B1|2003-06-25|Device for the direct reduction of iron oxides
    US4389796A|1983-06-28|Heat exchanger
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IN169323B|1991-09-28|
    EP0241732A2|1987-10-21|
    MY100497A|1990-10-30|
    EP0241732A3|1988-12-21|
    MX165679B|1992-11-25|
    CN87102144A|1987-09-23|
    BR8701190A|1988-01-19|
    DE3781923D1|1992-11-05|
    AU7001887A|1987-09-24|
    CA1290573C|1991-10-15|
    AU585798B2|1989-06-22|
    JPS63410A|1988-01-05|
    CN1010955B|1990-12-26|
    JPH0129850B2|1989-06-14|
    DE3781923T2|1993-04-01|
    US4725309A|1988-02-16|
    EP0241732B1|1992-09-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1319589A|1919-10-21|Process of extracting iron from its ore |
    US512053A|1894-01-02|John w |
    US981280A|1910-05-12|1911-01-10|John T Jones|Method of reducing iron ore.|
    US1227127A|1912-03-30|1917-05-22|George L Fogler|Process of reducing metal-bearing substances.|
    US1284094A|1917-08-04|1918-11-05|Luis Tejero Grouselle|Manufacture of steel direct from iron ores.|
    US1517402A|1922-04-11|1924-12-02|Constant Georges|Production of iron and steel by treating directly gangue-freed ores|
    US1599885A|1925-06-11|1926-09-14|George Whalen|Smelting furnace|
    US1850009A|1928-05-23|1932-03-15|Gronwall Eugen Assar Alexis|Reduction of metals out of their ores|
    US1969264A|1931-04-07|1934-08-07|Wheadon M Grant|Method of reducing metals from oxidized materials|
    US2418394A|1942-03-20|1947-04-01|American Ore Reduction Corp|Method of and means for reducing ores|
    US2503555A|1943-09-25|1950-04-11|Henry G Lykken|Ore conditioning and reduction process|
    US2384971A|1943-12-15|1945-09-18|John E Silvasy|Apparatus for producing metal powder|
    US2548876A|1946-08-06|1951-04-17|Brassert & Co|Reduction furnace|
    US2862808A|1957-07-31|1958-12-02|Alan N Mann|Apparatus and method for reducing iron oxide pellets|
    DE1458762A1|1965-07-29|1969-03-13|Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag|Shaft furnace for the direct reduction of iron ore|
    US3467368A|1966-04-12|1969-09-16|Fierro Esponja|Ore-treating apparatus|
    DE1758638B1|1968-07-10|1970-09-03|Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag|Shaft furnace|
    BE795181A|1972-02-23|1973-05-29|Thyssen Niederrhein Ag|IRON SPONGE COLLECTION ARRANGEMENT|
    US4118017A|1976-01-02|1978-10-03|United States Steel Corporation|Shaft furnace design|
    US4150972A|1977-11-17|1979-04-24|Fierro Esponja, S.A.|Controlling carburization in the reduction of iron ore to sponge iron|
    US4290587A|1979-10-04|1981-09-22|Pullman Incorporated|Ore treating apparatus|
    US4256290A|1979-10-15|1981-03-17|Pullman Incorporated|Bottom cooling arrangement for reduction apparatus|
    AT373624B|1981-12-07|1984-02-10|Voest Alpine Ag|DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING A HOT GOOD FROM A STANDING CONTAINER, ESPECIALLY IRON SPONGE FROM A CHAMBER|US5078787A|1990-06-01|1992-01-07|Hylsa S.A. De C.V.|Method and apparatus for the production of hot direct reduced iron|
    KR100405516B1|1996-12-09|2004-04-14|주식회사 포스코|Method for clearing stagnation layer of charging materials in shaft type reduction furnace|
    US6342089B1|1997-09-02|2002-01-29|Mcgaa John R.|Direct reduced iron pellets|
    AT407192B|1998-08-13|2001-01-25|Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen|SHAFT OVEN|
    IT1302813B1|1998-12-11|2000-09-29|Danieli & C Ohg Sp|DEVICE FOR THE DIRECT REDUCTION OF IRON OXIDES AND RELATED PROCEDURE|
    IT1302814B1|1998-12-11|2000-09-29|Danieli & C Ohg Sp|PROCEDURE AND RELATED INTEGRATED PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STEEL BY DIRECT REDUCTION OF IRON OXIDES|
    IT1310769B1|1999-09-06|2002-02-22|Danieli Off Mecc|DEVICE FOR THE DIRECT REDUCTION OF IRON OXIDES|
    AT505490B1|2007-06-28|2009-12-15|Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING IRON SPONGE|
    KR102265696B1|2019-04-11|2021-06-15|주식회사 포스코|Storage apparatus for hot direct reduced iron|
    CN109971906A|2019-04-11|2019-07-05|中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司|A kind of restoring method of ultralow carbon emission production sponge iron|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/840,384|US4725309A|1986-03-17|1986-03-17|Method and apparatus for producing hot direct reduced iron|
    [返回顶部]