• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A resonance system associated with at least one group of engine cylinders (1 to 3 and 4 to 6) whose suction strokes do not significantly overlap includes a resonator vessel (31, 32) communicating with intake openings (13 to 15 and 16 to 18) of the cylinders in the or each group. A resonance tube (33, 34) communicates at one end (35, 36) with the associated resonator vessel (31, 32) and has a portion having a cross-sectional area increasing towards the resonator vessel (31, 32). The cross-sectional area (35a, 36a) taken at the tube end (35, 36) is at least 1.2 times greater than that at the minimum cross-section of the resonance tube (33, 34). The distance between the tube end joining the resonator vessel (31, 32) and an oppositely located inner wall face (49, 50) of the resonator vessel (31, 32) is greater than the diameter of a circle the area of which equals the tube end cross-sectional area (35a, 36a). Further dimensional relationships are specified. <IMAGE>
    公开号:SU1588287A3
    申请号:SU823507325
    申请日:1982-10-20
    公开日:1990-08-23
    发明作者:Чер Дьюла
    申请人:Аутоипари Кутато Интезет (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to internal combustion piston engines with resonant supercharging. A piston internal combustion engine with a resonant fresh charge supply system is known, which contains at least one intermediate tank J connected through transition pipes to cylinders with non-overlapping inlet phases and connected to a receiver through the help of a resonant tube. The inlet of the supercharger , and the length of each adapter in meters does not exceed a multiple of dividing the value of the nominal rotation frequency by

    O4
    tfHcno 1500, a is the volume of the intermediate capacity iocTH in total with the volume of transient Aatrubks at least twice as high as the volume of each of the cylinders connected to it. Ratios The size of the charge delivery system ensures an improved filling of the Q-Lindrov not only at a rotational frequency corresponding to the resonance, but i cause a positive effect in a wide range of frequencies.
    However, the problem of practical use of the known system is associated with the arrangement of the intermediate tank 1 and the resonant tubes on a six-cylinder engine in acceptable dimensions.
    The purpose of the invention is to ensure compactness.
    - To achieve the goal 2, a piston engine with a resonant fresh charge supply system containing at least one intermediate tank connected through transition pipes to cylinders 2 with non-overlapping phases let in I connected with a resonant tube to the receiver, the inlet of which associated with the injection i nozzle of the supercharger, and the length of each transition pipe in meters does not exceed a multiple of: dividing the value of the nominal rotation frequency by the number 1500, and the volume of the pro- duct: interstitial capacity in sum with the volume of transition nozzles at least twice the volume of each of the cylinders connected to it, the resonance tube is at least partially made expanding with an increase in the cross section adjacent to the intermediate capacity 1.2 times over its minimum cross section, and the distance between its maximum cross section and the opposite wall of the intermediate tank, measured along the middle line, the pipe, is larger than the diameter of the cross section corresponding to the cross section,
    to the capacity. The end of the pipe removed from the resonator tank is also made 1.2 times widening with a cross section and the distance from this section to the opposite wall of the receiver, measured along the center line of the pipe, is larger than the diameter of the circle corresponding to
    by area. .
    Figure 1 shows six cylinders.
    a four-stroke engine, a spruce with turbocharging and a fresh charge resonant feed system, a slit; Fig. 2 illustrates the connection of a resonant tube to an intermediate tank for the case when the walls of the latter are not perpendicular to the centerline of the tube; fig. 3 - the same, for the perpendicular arrangement of the walls and the center line of the pipe.
    The piston internal combustion engine is made four-stroke with six cylinders 1-6 arranged in a row with the usual ignition sequence 1-5-3-6-2-4. In the cylinders, the pistons 7-12 move, separating the displacement in them. The total volume of the engine is 12 liters and the volume of each cylinder is 2 liters. The rated engine speed is 2200 minutes. The cylinders are provided with inlet valves 13-1, by means of which, and each cylinder communicates with one of the transition pipes 19-24. The nozzles with their opposite sections 25-30 are connected to intermediate tanks 31 and 32. As a result of this ignition sequence, the cylinders are divided into two groups: cylinders 1–3 and 4–6. The opening angle of valves 13–18 is equal to 240, with the result that The intake phases do not overlap with each cylinder group. Each such cylinder group is connected to its intermediate tank. The length of the transition pipes 19-24 is chosen equal to 0.2 m and, thus, less than the value determined by the condition p / 1500 1.46 m, and the value n 2200 min-, and the value 1500 determined experimentally.
    Each of the tanks. 31 and 32 are connected using a resonant tube 33 or 34 with end sections 35-38 to the receiver 39. The inlet 40 of this receiver is connected to the pressure tube n 41 of the supercharger 42 of the pressurization. Figure 1 shows a gas turbine-powered supercharger, but the drive can be any one.
    Each resonant tube 33 and 34 is provided with cylindrical portions 43 and 44 and two conical widening portions 45-48. Opposite to the pipe wall 49-50 intermediate tanks 31 and 32 are made with openings dp transition nozzles 19-24 while the wall 49 may not be perpendicular to the center line of the pipe, as shown in
    figure 2. The wall 51 of the receiver 39 may be perpendicular to the centerline of the pipe, as shown in FIG. 3, or located at an acute angle. If the walls are angled, the maximum cross-sectional area is calculated for the cross-section bounded by points 52 and 53 of the intersection of the continuation of the cones with the extension of the wall. Radius 54 is not taken into account. The distance between the maximum section of the pipe and the opposite wall of the tank, measured along the center line 55 of the pipe, corresponds to the segment 56 concluded between the intersection of the center line and the wall 49 and the conditional section of the pipe. In the case of a perpendicular arrangement of the midline and wall 51, segment 57 is easier to measure. Periodic suction of cylinders 1-3 causes a column of fresh charge to oscillate in a resonant fresh charge supply system formed by transition nozzles 19-22, an intermediate capacitance 31 and a resonant tube 33 connected to this tank. Since the moments of ignition in cylinders 1-3 are displaced by 240 ° of rotation of the crankshaft, the processes of suction by pistons 7-9 in cylinders are also displaced by 240, i.e. the duration of each oscillatory cycle corresponds to the angle of rotation 240 regardless of the instantaneous frequency of rotation. Thus, out of the opening valves for 240, 13-14, one is constantly open and informs the container 31 with the internal cavity of the cylinder. In figure 1, the tank 31 is communicated with the cylinder 1.
    In this case, for example, the relative volume of cylinder 1, communicating with a capacity of 31 through the intake valve 13, relates to the full oscillatory cycle, corresponds to the average algebraic value of the instantaneous volumes of the cylinder formed during the rotation angle of 240% corresponding to the opening of valve 13. In case the opening time of the valve 13 is shorter, for example 200, it would be necessary to take into account the change in the cylinder volume beyond 200. In the second group of cylinders with an intermediate tank 32, cylinder 5 is connected and its valve 17 is shown open.
    During practical use of the engine, a situation is possible in which the duration of the opening of the valves
    8287

    20
    25
    thirty
    35
    40
    45
    50
    five
    13-18 exceeds the duration of the oscillatory cycle. In the example shown, this is possible if the duration of the opening of the valves exceeds 240. In this case, two cylinders are simultaneously connected to the tank.
    In all cases, the volume of one of the cylinders, for example cylinder 1, the volume of the other two pipes 20 and 21 communicated with tank 31 with valves 14 and 15 closed, and the volume of tank 31 form a resonating space V. In the case considered, 15 the volume of this space is 10 l. Similarly, the volume of the cylinder 5 of the nozzle 23, as well as the volumes of the nozzles 22 and 24, together with the volume of the tank 32, form another resonating space of the same volume V Yul. The minimum cross sections of the cylindrical sections 43 and 44 of each resonant tube are 46 cm2 each. The size of each of the maximum sections of the expanding sections 45-48 exceeds at least 1.2 times the section of the cylindrical section, and its digital value in this The example is 25.6 cm. The spacing of the resonant tubes 33 and 34 between the cross sections of 35 and 37 or 36 and 38. (including the lengths of the expanding sections) is chosen so that the resonant system is most effective at a rotation frequency of less than half nominal, for the considered example for n 1000 min- For this purpose, the length of each resonant tube should correspond to a value of 0.73 m or its volume at 1.2 liter sections mentioned. Thus, the volume of the resonator space is 8.4 times the volume of the resonator tube 33 or 34.
    Dp providing favorable conditions for gas flow distance 56 meldu opposite wall and maximum pipe cross section is larger than the diameter of the circle corresponding to rmo-Spad of this section, in this case 0.08 m. Similarly, the capacity of the tank 32 is measured along line 55, also 0.08 m.
    In a stilling tank, to ensure favorable conditions for the flow of fresh charge, the distance from the opposite wall to the maximum cross section of each resonant tube is 0.08 m.
    Adapters 19–24 may be inci, as engine construction is possible without valves 13–18. In this case, the intermediate tank can be connected directly to the inlets of the cylinders. In contrast to the given example, it is not necessary that the cross section of the extension HUAHC of sections 45-48 be increased. The effect can be obtained even if the total increase in the cross section is made up of several expanding portions alternating with portions of a constant cross section. The same effect can be achieved if a constant section is made between the expanding section and the end of the pipe.
    A prerequisite is that JQ so that the ends of both resonant tubes 33 and 34 have the same constructive design from both the resonator volume and from the side of the soothing capacitance.
    The engine works as follows.
    Due to periodic suction into cylinders 1-3, pressure oscillations occur in the resonant space, corresponding to the sum of the volumes of the intermediate tank 31, the pipes 19-21 and connected with the intermediate capacity to the internal cavity of the cylinder 1 (in the position shown in Fig. 1). In view of the fact that the most distant points of the resonator space — tank 31 and cylinder 1 are connected by a nozzle, the maximum length of which is 1500 / n, the pressure in Q all the resonant space varies equally and a significant shift. - No phase formation occurs.
    Periodic changes in pressure in the tank - accelerate and slow down the movement of fresh charge in pipe 33. Under the influence of oscillations, fresh charge is accelerated in the first half of the inlet in the direction of the resonator tank 3.1 and due to oscillations in the pipe 33 the kinetic energy of the fresh charge increases. A column of fresh charge, dispersed in the resonant tube 33, causes the filling of the resonant space in the second half of the intake process, at which a significant increase in pressure occurs and, consequently, the cylinder is filled
    55



    five
    1 freshly charged house. In section 43 of pipe 33 in its minimum cross section, reduced by 30-70% compared to a constant cross section of a pipe, relatively high speeds develop, and for this reason the necessary level of kinetic energy can also be achieved with a relatively small length of the resonant pipe 33. : At section 43 with a minimum cross section, a high speed is reduced at an expanding section and in this way a re-conversion of the rate of movement of the charge into pressure is achieved. For this reason, a high gas velocity is not lost in order to create significant energy when entering the tank 31, but can be substantially restored and thus the energy loss is reduced. The negative effect of the increase in the cross section of the sections 45 and 47 is eliminated due to the fact that the volume of the resonant space is chosen substantially larger compared to the volume of the charge in the pipe 31, in the example the volume of the resonant space is 8.4 times larger. Due to the fact that a large volume of flowing fresh charge is contained in the resonant space, an abrupt change in pressure does not occur in the cross sections 35 and 37 of the pipe, respectively, occurring in the cross sections of sections 45 and 47, the reflected waves are small and their influence nie can be neglected. Thus, the use of a resonant tube, whose cross-section is not constant, allows to achieve the same high efficiency as when using a system with a constant cross-section of the tube.
    The rest of the kinetic energy of the slow flow coming out of the pipe section 35 is also used to improve the filling of the resonant space, due to the selection of the distance between the pipe cut and the opposite wall of the vessel. The magnitude of the kinetic energy of the flow coming out of section 35 is sufficient to ensure the transfer of charge to remote parts of the vessel without additional energy costs. The effect increases with a decrease in the minimum section of pipe 31 and with an increase in expansion in section 45. On the basis of numerous experiments, it has been established that the maximum effect is achieved with an increase in the section of the expanding part at least 1.2 times. With an increase in the cross section of 1.6 times, it was possible to achieve such a reduction in the cross section of the pipe, so that to achieve a resonance consistent with a low rotational speed (1000 min-O, the length of the pipe 33 was required is only 0.73 mm. corresponds to a pipe length by 50% more. Reducing the length of pipe 33 reduces the volume of tank 31 by about 30-40%. However, a decrease in volume V should not be accompanied
    it decreases below the magnitude 2.5 times less than the volume of the resonant tube, due to the increased influence of the reflected waves. Variations in the charge from the area of sections 37 or 38 can spread through the tank 39 and through the inlet 40 to penetrate to the injection unit 42, affecting its operation.
    Thus, the implementation of each resonant tube with expanding ends allows to significantly reduce the size of the elements of the resonant charge supply system and thereby ensure the compactness of the engine.
     G / 22 LLZ vrxz
    h 5 “J b FIG.
    32
    Yu

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    FS / e.Z
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    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. A PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH A RESONANT FRESH CHARGE SYSTEM, containing at least one intermediate tank connected through transition pipes to cylinders with non-overlapping intake phases, and connected via a resonant pipe to the receiver inlet pressurization, and the length of each adapter pipe in meters does not exceed a multiple of dividing the value of the nominal speed by 1500, and the volume of the intermediate tank in total with a volume transition
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    FR2431604A1|1977-07-15|1980-02-15|Saurer Ag Adolph|Resonant supercharging manifold for IC engine - has resonant tubes and chambers contained in single manifold unit|
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    HU207375B|1987-02-12|1993-03-29|Autoipari Kutato Fejlesztoe|Internal combustion piston engine|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    HU813051A|HU188702B|1981-10-20|1981-10-20|Internal combustion piston engine with resonance fresh-gas system improving the fresh-gas supply|
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