• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This heavy-current switch (1) has at least one vacuum switching chamber (6) and at least one current path (2), which is enclosed by non-magnetic metal encapsulation (16), per phase. The vacuum switching chamber (6) has an interruption point which is acted on by an axial magnetic field. It is intended to create a heavy-current switch (1) whose vacuum switching chambers (6) are acted on by current only briefly during switching-on and switching-off processes. This is achieved in that the current path (2) is divided into at least one power current path (4) and into a rated current path (3) which is parallel thereto. The vacuum switching chamber (6) is arranged in the at least one power current path (4), but its interruption point is not opened until the current which is to be disconnected has been commutated from the rated current path (3) to the power current path (4). <IMAGE>
    公开号:SU1542428A3
    申请号:SU4355237
    申请日:1988-02-19
    公开日:1990-02-07
    发明作者:Браун Дитер；Фрелих Клаус
    申请人:Ббц Браун Бовери Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to generator switches with vacuum arc-suppressing chambers.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the permissible load on the switch.
    Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram for an overcurrent switch; Fig. 2 is the same, the first embodiment; 3 is the same as the second embodiment; 4 is the same as the third embodiment; Fig. 5 shows the same, fourth embodiment.
    The overcurrent switch 1 can be made single-phase or multi-phase. The conductor 2 is included in
    an overcurrent breaker 1, and there it branches into a rated current lead 3 and, in parallel with it, a power current lead 4. The current wire 3 of rated current has an auxiliary switch 5 with finger contacts, which shunts with a current lead 4 of power current with a vacuum arcing chamber 6 with a break 7. Before the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 6 and after it there are coils 8 and 9, creating an axial break in place 7 a magnetic field. Coils 8 and 9 concentrically surround the vacuum switching chamber to dimension 6 in the zone of the gap 7 and the fur
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    They are physically connected to it with the help of isolating fasteners. Coils 8 and 9 are located at the same distance from the open position 7 of the discontinuity and their longitudinal axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the vacuum extinguishing chamber 6. The distance between both coils 8 and 9 is not greater than the distance approximately corresponding to the inner diameter / coils . Each of both coils 8 and 9 has the same number of turns, namely at least one and a maximum of five, however preferably two turns of Coils 8 and 9 can be wound single-layer or multi-layered, and the number of turns can be non-integer. The input terminal 10 is connected to the end of the coil 8 by an electrically conductive connecting element, the other end of the coil 8 is connected by means of an electrically conductive connecting element to a vacuum arc chamber 6. The vacuum arc chamber 6 is connected to the other arc connecting element , the other end of which is connected to output terminal 11.
    All the mechanical drive elements (Figs. 1-5) that actuate the auxiliary switch 5 and the corresponding vacuum interrupter chambers 6 are not labeled. In addition, FIG. 1 does not depict an anti-magnetic metal sheath covering each phase of overcurrent breaker 1.
    In the first variant of the maximum current switch 1 (FIG. 2), in the upper half, the switch is shown in the on position, and in the lower one - in the off position. The conduit 2 is hollow and mounted on insulators 12 relative to the hollow metal casing 13 made of antimagnetic metal. The legs 14 located on the metal casing 13 allow the overcurrent switch 1 to be mounted on the foundation. The corresponding end ends of the metal casing 13 and the conductors 2 have the ability to connect for electric
    connection with single-phase generator leads enclosed in a metal sheath. In the metal case 13, mounting holes and holes are provided for

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    checks, as well as openings for mechanical drive components (not shown). These openings and windows in overcurrent switches for higher power are usually hermetically sealed, since the entire output of the generator is under slight overpressure to keep the contactor of the insulator 12 at a low level. ventilation to achieve good heat dissipation.
    In the second variant (fig. 3), the current-carrying wires of the power current 4 are located outside the conductor 3 of rated current outside. Such a symmetrical design makes it possible to arrange a greater number of current-carrying conductors 4 evenly distributed around the perimeter. The overcurrent switch 1 of FIG. 3 is suitable for higher rated currents than that shown in FIG. 2. In the on position in this maximum current switch 1 due to the displacement of the current to the surface, minor currents flow through the conductors 4 of the current for a long time. However, these minor currents are limited by the impedance of the respective current conductors 4 to a negligible value, so that the preliminary thermal load of the corresponding vacuum arc chambers 6 can be neglected.
    FIG. 4 shows a combination of the circuits in accordance with FIGS. 2 and 3, which is suitable for very large currents. In this overcurrent breaker 1, it is necessary that the impedances of the conductors 4 of the power current located inside the conductor 3 of the rated current and the impedances of the conductors 4 of the power current located outside are the same.
    If there is a relatively small space for installing the overcurrent switch 1, insulators 12 can also be provided in the form of sealed disc insulators and also tightly closed current conductor 2 from the inside on both sides of the overcurrent switch 1. Space created in this way can be filled with isolating
    medium such as compressed air or gas. Due to this, the distance between the insulators and the dimensions of the switch can be reduced, in addition, both the current-carrying conductors 4 of the power current and the vacuum arc chambers 6 related to them can be closer to each other.
    Figure 5 shows a modified version of the maximum current switch 1, which is similar to the version in accordance with FIG. 3 and is also possible for all other versions. 0 A current limiter 15 is additionally installed in each of the power supply wires 4 and a sensitive one is connected in series with it. element 16. The signals coming from the sensitive elements 16 are monitored and processed in the computing unit 17. The computing unit 17 can, as shown by the dotted lines of the functional 18, simultaneously acting on the totality of all current limiters 15 and closing them simultaneously, however, it can also be designed so as to open only certain current limiters 15.
    The switch works as follows.
    When the overcurrent switch 1 conducts the rated current, the auxiliary switch 5 is closed and the entire rated current flows from the current conductor 2, through the current conductor 3 of the rated current “The current conductors 4 of the power current are located in the floor free space inside the current 3 of the rated current and therefore, no current is conducted. After a command to turn off for idle switching or for disconnecting a short circuit, the switch-on switch 5 is first opened and the entire current is switched and distributed equal to ERNO all the electrical conductors 4 power current. Only after this, the vacuum arcing chambers 6 are opened and in the place of the 7th rupture the electric arc ignites.
    Through both coils 8 and 9, the parameters of which are chosen the same and which are built identically, the switchable current flows in the same direction and these coils form a joint acting on the place of 7 gaps 0
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    VA axial magnetic field. Due to the geometrical arrangement of the coils 8 and 9, this magnetic field in the zone of the fracture point 7 is almost uniform, moreover, this magnetic field is proportional to the current and contributes to the fact that the electric arc, even at current values in the 50 kA region and much higher, burns diffusely, so that the firing of contacts of gap 7 remains within controllable limits. In this way, the arc process can be controlled and turned off
    5 currents due to a strong axial magnetic field, due to the relatively large number of turns of coils 8 and 9.
    When switched on, the vacuum arcing chambers 6 are first closed. and the switching current flows evenly distributed in the current paths 4 of the power current. Immediately after this, the auxiliary switch 5 also closes and the current is switched from the conductors 4 of the power current to the conductor 3 of the rated current. In both switching processes, the vacuum chambers 6 are each time loaded with current only briefly, so that there is no significant thermal load on these chambers. Therefore, vacuum arc chambers 6 can even withstand switching cycles that follow each other at short intervals.
    For most applications, the vacuum chamber 6, based on each current-carrying conductor 4, can
    o provide sufficient electrical strength. However, in the calculation for each current-carrying conductor 4 of the power current, two or more vacuum arc-suppressing chambers 6 can be switched on in series in order to thereby
    achieve higher dielectric strength. In case the vacuum arc chamber 6 does not turn off, the sensitive
    0 an element 16 of the corresponding defective current-carrying conductor 4 of the power current and in the computing unit 17 determines that in one of the current-conducting conductors 4 of the power current the first phase is extinguished
    the common breaking current still flows, therefore the computing unit 17 instantly opens all current limiters 15 without exception. With a three-phase group of switches 1 maximum
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    the current would all open 15 current limiters in all three phases.
    In order not to look for the causes of the disconnection of the current limiters 15 in J of all conductors 4 of the power current, a computational unit 17 is provided that allows identifying the sensitive element 16 that caused the opening, and thus the defective conductor 4 of the power current. Limiters 15 after opening must be checked manually. These costs are justified because they make it possible to repair various damages in the generator and other parts of the installation.
    For the above fault, it is also permissible to open only the phase current limiters 15, which is damped by the first one, or only the current limiter 15 of the defective power current conductor 4, and the other two phases of the three-phase group can be switched off normally. However, a very fast electronic computing unit 17 is required for this circuit. Similarly, it is advisable if a malfunction occurs in one of the phases, which is extinguished secondarily, to open only the current limiters 15 of this defective phase or only the current limiter 15 of the defective conductor. 4 power current, because due to this, time and labor costs for checking current limiters 15 can be reduced. The computational unit 17, after the current limiter 15 is opened, should block any on-switch of the maximum current 1 until this limiter is checked and fully operational. The computing unit must always be calculated so that optimum use is ensured every time. 15 current limiters. In addition, it must ensure that when switching on, no erroneous trips of the current limiters 15 occur.
    Offered with the use of vacuum arcing chambers 6, overcurrent switches 1 due to extremely insignificant exposure to checks of the vacuum chambers 6 are particularly suitable for pump-accumulating hydraulic stations, the generator breakers of which must be calculated
    on an extremely large number of inclusions.
    For overcurrent breakers 1, in which low requirements are made to the disconnecting possibilities, as, for example, could occur in overcurrent power switches, it would be sufficient to provide only one current path 4 of power current at least one vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 6 without coils 8 and 9. To disconnect the load currents, it would be enough to disable the capabilities of this at least one vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 6, the contacts of which are designed so that weak axial magnetic field.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. A maximum current switch with at least one conductor per phase, having at least one first vacuum interrupter chamber and surrounded by an antimagnetic metal sheath, with at least one first vacuum interrupter chamber having at least one break point loaded by an axial magnetic field, moreover, at least one current conductor has at least one hollow current conductor of rated current, connected in parallel to at least one first current conductive line, and with VC By detecting a break point in at least one first vacuum arc-suppressing chamber located in at least one first current-carrying current conductor, after switching the current to be interrupted, it opens to at least one first current-carrying current conductor, characterized in that, in order to increase the allowable load, at least one second vacuum arcing chamber is provided; in at least one second current-carrying current conductor connected in parallel to at least one first current-carrying conductor th power, wherein each of the at least two power current conductors have the same impedance value with a predominantly inductive component.
    [2]
    2. The switch according to claim 1, about tl and - due to the fact that both current leads of the power current are located inside the conductors of the rated current 0
    [3]
    3. The switch according to claim 1, -o tl and the fact that one current-carrying current lead is located inside the rated current conductor, and the second current-carrying conductor is located outside the rated current conductor.
    [4]
    4. The switch on the PP.1-3, on the t и-chyu-yis so that each
    From the conductors of the power current, additional at least two coils of the same size are introduced, one of which is switched on in front of the vacuum interrupter chamber and the other after it, and the current directions are the same in both coils.
    [5]
    5. The switch according to claim 4, characterized in that said
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    each of the coils is located at an equal distance from the place of the rupture and has from one to five turns, however, preferably two turns, and the distance between the coils does not exceed its internal diameter.
    [6]
    6. A switch according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a current limiter and a sensing element are provided in each of the at least two power lines, and a set of sensitive elements is connected to the computing unit, which can act on or simultaneously set of current limiters, or selectively on certain current limiters.
    7 o The switch according to claim 6, characterized in that a device for identifying a sensitive device is provided in the computing unit.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2611310A1|1988-08-26|
    FR2611310B1|1994-05-06|
    CH675321A5|1990-09-14|
    JPS63216225A|1988-09-08|
    DE3705719A1|1988-09-01|
    JP2677584B2|1997-11-17|
    DE3705719C2|1989-11-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2529010C2|2009-05-26|2014-09-27|Шнейдер Электрик Энерджи Фрэнс|Internal gripping and blocking device for cut-out switch or circuit breaker|GB1126362A|1965-07-06|1968-09-05|Ass Elect Ind|Improvements in and relating to electric circuit breakers|
    DE1265815B|1965-11-30|1968-04-11|Siemens Ag|Switching device for high voltage|
    GB1143889A|1967-01-12|
    US3701866A|1971-08-09|1972-10-31|Gen Electric|Disconnecting switch for force-cooled isolated phase bus|
    GB1442460A|1972-08-18|1976-07-14|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Current limiting variable resistance device|
    US3824359A|1972-10-06|1974-07-16|Mc Graw Edison Co|Vacuum loadbreak switch|
    DE2522525A1|1975-05-21|1976-12-02|Driescher Eltech Werk|Load disconnector with arc quenching in vacuum chamber - appropriate for operation in medium voltage range|
    NL162238C|1976-02-19|1980-04-15|Hazemeijer Bv|VACUUM SWITCH WITH COAXIAL MAGNETIC COIL.|
    JPS54113838A|1978-02-24|1979-09-05|Toshiba Corp|Enclosed type switching device|
    JPS5531210U|1978-08-21|1980-02-28|
    JPS58181218A|1982-04-19|1983-10-22|Hitachi Ltd|Composite vacuum breaker|
    JPS58207802A|1982-05-27|1983-12-03|Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co|Hybrid breaker|
    JPS6155829A|1984-08-28|1986-03-20|Toshiba Corp|Breaker|FR2682807B1|1991-10-17|1997-01-24|Merlin Gerin|ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TWO VACUUM CARTRIDGES IN SERIES.|
    DE4405206A1|1994-02-18|1995-08-24|Abb Research Ltd|Switching device|
    DE19701827A1|1997-01-21|1998-07-23|Abb Patent Gmbh|Generator switch of 50 kA rating|
    DE19846435A1|1998-10-08|2000-04-13|Abb Patent Gmbh|Contact arrangement for vacuum chamber, has second contact point in parallel with coil opening first contact for switch-off, in which current flows in coil and first contact point to generate axial magnetic field|
    DE102005032709A1|2005-07-07|2007-01-11|Siemens Ag|Electrical switching device and method for operating an electrical switching device|
    DE102017216275A1|2017-09-14|2019-03-14|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Arrangement and method for switching high currents in high, medium and / or low voltage technology|
    法律状态:
    2005-11-27| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: PD4A |
    2006-04-10| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: PC4A Effective date: 20060207 |
    2007-12-20| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: MM4A Effective date: 20060220 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19873705719|DE3705719C2|1987-02-23|1987-02-23|
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