• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to the detection and localization of neutral particles and can be used in gamma-ray and tomography. The purpose of the invention is to increase the positional resolution and sensitivity, achieved by using a thin incident radiation converter located at an angle of 0-10 ° with respect to the direction of flow of the incident radiation created by a slit collimator. The device contains a system for collecting secondary charged particles, made in the form of a set of wires electrically isolated from one another, arranged parallel to the converter plate and the projection of the axis of the particle beam onto the converter. On the opposite side of the wire system with respect to the converter, an additional flat electrode with the converter potential can be placed. A set of wire electrodes and a flat electrode can be made on both sides of the converter. 3 hp f-ly, 2 ill.
    公开号:SU1521293A3
    申请号:SU864028576
    申请日:1986-12-02
    公开日:1989-11-07
    发明作者:Рюсев Марио；Дорион Ирен；Лило Ален-Пьер
    申请人:Энертек (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the detection and localization of neutral particles, in particular X-ray photons, gamma photons or neutrons.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the positional resolution and sensitivity.
    Figure 1 is given a sensor, section; Fig. 2 is a diagram of a sensor used in the device.
    The device contains a sensor 1 (Fig. 1), in which a converter and a system for collecting secondary charged particles consisting of several elements 3.1 and 3.2, 4.1 and 4.2 are provided.
    Sensor 1 is designed to detect and localize neutral particles (in particular, X-rays, gamma quanta, neutrons) that irradiate it. Middle direction. The propagation of these particles (indicated by a wavy figure in FIG. 2) is assumed to be a constant relative sensor, at least during detection. Converter 2 is a plate of material with a large atomic number, such as tantalum, located with a sliding incidence relative to the direction of propagation of the neutral particles. . The angle between the plate and this direction01 N9
    IN9
    CO 00

    04
    can be equal to 0-10 °. In Figures 1 and 2, the converter 2 is located in a plane perpendicular to the plane of these figures.
    It is convenient to use a flat convertible. If the rigidity of the plate constituting the converter is insufficient, it is possible to glue it onto a rigid substrate with a loss of efficiency of 20–50%, to ensure that electrons are collected only in half of the space. The smaller the angle of incidence with the same thickness of the converter, the greater the distance that the particle must travel in this converter (fsh.2). At an angle equal to 1, and an italic plate of 70 µm, this distance is in the order of 4 mm. On the converter 2 side, a set of npof volost electrodes 3.1 and 3.2 is installed with an electric potential that is disconnected from converter 2.
    For example, electrodes 3.1 and 3., 2 have a ground potential, and converter 2 has a negative potential of 2-3 kV. Under the influence of a falling neutral particle, the converter 2 may, due to the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect or the formation of pairs, release at least one primary electron of high energy that can ionize the gas and create electron-ion pairs. The secondary electrons thus created under the action of an electric field are attracted to one of the two networks of electrodes 3.1, 3.2 and create other secondary electrons themselves, forming an avalanche effect in the gas.
    While the angle between the incident particles and converter 2 is small, the electron exit angle relative to the converter can be large and almost 90 °, therefore the path that electrons travel inside the converter to their exit from it is very small compared to 4 mm thickness converter for incident radiation.
    The networks of anode electrodes 3.2, 3.2 allow the signal to be amplified by multiplying the charges due to the avalanche effect and allow localization of the charge collected in this way. These electrodes are located on both sides of the converter 2 in planes parallel to: x the last, i.e. in the corresponding flat
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    bone x, perpendicular to the plane of fig.2.
    In addition, electrodes 3.1 and 3.2 are parallel to the projection of the average direction of propagation of neutral particles on the plane of plate 2.
    All electrodes of both networks 3.1 and 3.2 have the same electrical potential, but each wire of each network is electrically isolated from all other wires of the same network. On the contrary, each wire of each network (Fig. 2) can be connected to the wire of another network, which occupies a symmetrical position relative to the plane of the converter, forming with it a pair of detection wires. Each pair of detection wires, which can be formed by networks 3.1 and 3.2j, is connected to a separate electronic detection channel indicated by an amplifier 5. Each channel amplifies the electric current corresponding to the charges collected on the pair of wires with which it is associated. Thus, the block of electronic channels generates a group of electrical signals that represents an image of the intensity distribution of neutral particles in a direction perpendicular to
    plane F1 C, 2.
    In addition, the secondary particle collection system has two additional flat electrodes 4.1 and 4.2, which are located parallel to converter 2 and electrodes 3.1 and 3.2 on the opposite side of potential 2 relative to converter 2, i.e. 2-3 kV negative potential. These additional electrodes allow for better multiplication and collection of charges, as well as eliminating the electrical forces that act on the anode water 3.1 and 3.2, could distort them and change the characteristics of the sensor,
    The particle detection unit is installed (Fig. 1) on the console 7. The console 7 is attached to the base of the sealed chamber 8. The chamber 8 is made of a material that is permeable to neutral particles and has mechanical strength, such as aluminum.
    A bunch of neutral particles. 9 defined by a long slit 10 collimator
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    eleven
    consisting, for example, of a lead shield, with the slit having a length of I6 cm and a width of 5 mm. FIG. one
    ten
    51521293
    the direction of the slit is perpendicular to the plane of the figure, and the trace on the codertor 2 of the middle plane of the particle flow 9 is a line perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 and located approximately at half the height of the converter.
    The base of the chamber 18 has a hermetic connector with a plug 12. The base of the chamber 18 is also provided with a valve 13, which allows the chamber to be filled with a suitable pressure with a cooTBet-gas,
    Obino as a gas take. an inert gas, such as argon, to which a small amount of polyatomic gas is added, such as isobutane, ethane, vaporous alcohol, methyl, or a mixture of carbon dioxide and alcohol. The pressure is regulated within 5 -10 - 10 Pa, and in the described embodiment it is set to 10. To prevent the effects of gas aging, you can also make two holes in the chamber, such as the valve 13 forms, in order to establish a continuous circulation and / or an update of the gas in the chamber.
    ef n och doo it is not f
    20
    25
    wasp
    The base of the chamber 18 has another Q mator, and the system of collecting charged
    an inlet 14 for an electrical cable 15. A cable 15 with external insulation connects converter 2 and cathodes 4.1 and 4.2 to a negative electrical potential in the order of 2–3 kV.
    The supply voltage depends on the distance between the anode wires of networks 3.1 and 3.2 and converter 2, on the gas pressure in the chamber, on the amplification factor required to create avalanches in the gas, and on the diameter of the anode wires. The voltage is preferably in the order of one volt per millimeter and per torr (1, 3-10 Pa).
    The proposed device makes it possible, in particular, to obtain an image of a dense body, in which the thickness of the intersected by neutral particles, of the metal is more than a centimeter. The device may be designed to form images of dense and t volume objects, such as conveyors. In this case, it is convenient to use x-ray photons or gamma quanta. Their energy is at least 50 keV, preferably 250 keV-2 keV.
    35
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    50
    55
    particles, on the electrodes of which a potential positive relative to the converter is applied, is made with the possibility of forming an avalanche effect in the gas and is connected to circuits of electronic channels forming a one-dimensional image.
    [2]
    2. The device according to claim 1, about tl and the fact that the electrodes of the system for collecting charged particles are made in the form of a set of electrically isolated wires arranged parallel to the projection of the axis of the particle beam on the converter plate.
    [3]
    3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the particle collection system is further provided with a flat electrode having such
    the potential is the same as the converter and is parallel to it on the other side of the converter from the set of wire electrodes.
    [4]
    4. A pop-up device, distinguished by the fact that the system for collecting charged particles is equipped with a set of electrodes and an additional flat electrode on both sides of the converter.
    0
    The device has a very high efficiency of about 30% with a radiation of 400 keB, produces a very contrasting image of the objects under study, and can be used in gamma-ray imaging, X-ray tomography, tomography with gamma rays, neutrons or positron radiation. Claim 1. A device for detecting and localizing neutral particles, comprising a sensor in the form of a chamber filled with gas and permeable to neutral particles, in which a converter in the form of a plate of solid material is installed and a system for collecting secondary charged particles parallel to it, including - wadded electrodes parallel to each other and the converter plate, о t - that is, in order to influence the positional resolution and sensitivity, the sensor additionally contains a collimator in the form of Parallel plate converter, wherein the converter forms an angle greater than 0 °, but less than 10 to
    0
    five
    particle beam axis formed by collie5
    0
    five
    0
    five
    particles, on the electrodes of which a potential positive relative to the converter is applied, is made with the possibility of forming an avalanche effect in the gas and is connected to circuits of electronic channels forming a one-dimensional image.
    2. The device according to claim 1, about tl and the fact that the electrodes of the system for collecting charged particles are made in the form of a set of electrically isolated wires from one another parallel to the projection of the axis of the particle beam on the converter plate.
    3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the particle collection system is further provided with a flat electrode having such
    the same potential as the converter and parallel to it on the other side of the converter from the set of wire electrodes.
    4. A pop-up device, distinguished by the fact that the system for collecting charged particles is equipped with a set of electrodes and an additional flat electrode on both sides of the converter.
    .one
    Phi2.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NO172665B|1993-05-10|
    AT93651T|1993-09-15|
    CZ280494B6|1996-02-14|
    CN86108035A|1987-09-16|
    CN1010529B|1990-11-21|
    US4785168A|1988-11-15|
    NO864648D0|1986-11-20|
    JPH0812249B2|1996-02-07|
    FR2591036A1|1987-06-05|
    CA1267445A|1990-04-03|
    DE3688932T2|1993-12-23|
    JPS62194481A|1987-08-26|
    AU581109B2|1989-02-09|
    DE3688932D1|1993-09-30|
    ES2042504T3|1993-12-16|
    DK584386D0|1986-12-04|
    EP0228933A1|1987-07-15|
    UA7203A1|1995-06-30|
    DK584386A|1987-06-05|
    NO172665C|1993-08-18|
    AU6517286A|1987-06-11|
    CZ884586A3|1993-02-17|
    NO864648L|1987-06-05|
    EP0228933B1|1993-08-25|
    BR8605607A|1987-08-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1578325A|1977-03-23|1980-11-05|Emi Ltd|Radiation detectors|
    DE2717349A1|1977-04-19|1978-10-26|Siemens Ag|ROENTINE LAYER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRANSVERSAL LAYER IMAGES|
    GB2000632B|1977-06-24|1982-02-10|National Research Development Co|Position-sensitive neutral particle sensor|
    JPS6058430B2|1980-10-22|1985-12-19|Hitachi Medical Corp|
    US4365159A|1980-11-03|1982-12-21|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy|Lithium-6 foil neutron detector|
    JPH0130116B2|1981-03-31|1989-06-16|Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co|
    FR2505492B1|1981-05-06|1985-11-08|Commissariat Energie Atomique|
    US4599740A|1983-01-06|1986-07-08|Cable Arthur P|Radiographic examination system|EP0441853B1|1988-10-28|1994-10-12|Schlumberger Industries|Method and device for the bimensional localization of neutral particles, particularly for low counting ratios|
    FR2638536B1|1988-10-28|1994-07-29|Schlumberger Ind Sa|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LOCATING NEUTRAL PARTICLES FOR LOW COUNTING RATES|
    FR2639436B1|1988-10-28|1994-07-01|Schlumberger Ind Sa|HIGH RESOLUTION NEUTRAL PARTICLE LOCATION METHOD AND DEVICE|
    FR2681949B1|1991-09-27|1994-01-14|Strasbourg Electricite|ELECTRON BEAM ANALYZER.|
    CN1027021C|1993-03-18|1994-12-14|清华大学|Gas-ionization high energy x.r radiation imaging array detecting device|
    FR2805049B1|2000-02-16|2002-05-10|Cerca|NEUTRON DETECTION METHOD AND DEVICE|
    FI112285B|2001-12-20|2003-11-14|Ari Virtanen|Method and apparatus for determining the intensity distribution of a time-dependent radiation field|
    US7582880B2|2002-03-20|2009-09-01|Neutron Sciences, Inc.|Neutron detector using lithiated glass-scintillating particle composite|
    US7465937B2|2003-06-27|2008-12-16|Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH|Dosimeter for the detection of high-energy neutron radiation|
    CN102749641B|2011-04-18|2015-11-25|同方威视技术股份有限公司|Be coated with boron neutron detector and manufacture method thereof|
    US8633457B2|2011-06-30|2014-01-21|Kla-Tencor Corporation|Background reduction system including louver|
    WO2013141910A1|2011-12-14|2013-09-26|Purdue Research Foundation|Direction-position sensing fast neutron detector|
    CN106199680A|2016-09-13|2016-12-07|清华大学|Slow neutron detection device|
    US10330804B1|2018-02-04|2019-06-25|David Edward Newman|One-dimensional directional particle detector|
    CN110686817B|2019-10-31|2020-06-23|电子科技大学|Device for measuring emission angle of particle beam|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR8517915A|FR2591036A1|1985-12-04|1985-12-04|DEVICE FOR DETECTING AND LOCATING NEUTRAL PARTICLES, AND APPLICATIONS|
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