• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for automatically switching to an oversuction mode the gases emitted by the series containers for the production of aluminum by ignited electrolysis according to the Hall-Héroult process, each container being closed, at its periphery, by a plurality of removable bonnets arranged in substantially sealed relationship between each other and between each of them and their bearings to the periphery of the container, the gases being collected at each container by at least one pipe connected to a central suction system. The gas temperature is constantly measured in the pipe. The opening of at least one bonnet results in a sudden temperature decrease, thereby enabling to trigger an oversuction which will stop automatically when, all the bonnets being closed, the gas temperature will substantially have its initial value. The energy necessary for the suction system is thus substantially reduced.
    公开号:SU1473718A3
    申请号:SU863997403
    申请日:1986-01-02
    公开日:1989-04-15
    发明作者:Дюпра Жорж；Лангон Бернар；Сюльмон Бенуа
    申请人:Алюминиюм Пешинэ (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    the electrolyzer after removing the two covers 6 (one of them is visible in Fig. 1), which are placed on both sides of the opening on the other closed covers 7.5
    A grate 8 communicating with the basement serves to supply fresh air to the work area. The cell has a bath 9.IQ
    FIG. 2, the electrolysis cell is divided into five suction zones, designated by letters A to E and corresponding to each of the widths of the two covers. Each zone has its own channel A, B1f S., D1} E ,. 15 suction, the dimensions of which are determined so as to ensure in each of these channels a predetermined flow rate in accordance with the geometry of the electrolyzer.
    Five channels A, B (, C, D, E., go to the common collector 10 of the electrolyzer, connected to a central suction device not shown in the drawing. 25
    In the particular case shown in the drawing, thermocouples 11-15 are located at the exit of each channel. The channels are assembled into a common collector 16. Thermocouples can be, for example, 30 nickel-chrome thermocouples + nickel alloy with a coaxial structure, having relatively high sensitivity and excellent resistance to
    The device for (implementation of the method (Fig. 4) consists of dampers 18, a control unit 19 connected by its inputs to thermocouples 11-15, and outlets to actuators of the dampers 18, which can be made of series-connected electro-valve 20, a hydraulic jack 21 , ti 22.
    The control unit 19 comprises means for implementing the algorithm shown in FIG. 3. In addition, unit 19 contains means (not shown in Fig. 4) for light and / or sound signaling and is connected to a computer. The device operates in accordance with the algorithm shown in FIG. 3
    A very simple and effective solution for switching to the enhanced suction mode is to install in each channel a movable damper 18 or diaphragm driven by a ram and ensuring the flow rate in the normal position is N m5 / min and in the fully open position the flow rate X is often from 1.5 to 3,
    For example, a single-piece plate rotated around an axis that is installed with a greater or smaller inclination relative to the direction of
    exposure to fluoride gases, ex. laziness of gas flow depending
    40
    from the electrolysis bath.
    The average stabilized temperature on various thermocouples was determined under normal suction conditions: when all covers are closed, including the hatch 17 located in the front of the electrolyzer and opening access to the liquid aluminum intake site (drain hatch); when one casing is opened, which is located in the A – E zone and the drain hatch. Results are presented in.-Table.
    of the desired flow rate, or the movable damper may be a single piece or perforated from the throwing plate, covering a certain percentage of the channel cross section, more or less deviating with increased suction.
    The dampers are controlled by small power cylinders located outside the electrolyzer and its channels.
    Gas flow control can also be accomplished by shrinking and expanding a portion of the channel made of an elastic material that is resistant to the effects of temperature and fluoride compounds. The constriction is carried out either mechanically or hydraulically by supplying a fluid enclosed in a double shell (valve), covering the elastic section of the channel.
    It follows from the table that the opening of one single housing causes, at least at one of the points where the thermocouples are located, a drop in the air flow temperature exceeding 50 ° C, and this drop is recorded within just a few seconds. This is enough to issue with absolute reliability. electrical signal transition to the mode of enhanced suction.
    0
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    0
    five
    of the desired flow rate, or the movable damper may be a one-piece or perforated folding plate, covering a certain percentage of the channel section, more or less deviating with increased suction.
    The dampers are controlled by small power cylinders located outside the electrolyzer and its channels.
    Gas flow control can also be accomplished by narrowing and widening a portion of the duct made of an elastic material that is resistant to temperature and fluoride. The constriction is carried out either mechanically or hydraulically by supplying a fluid enclosed in a double shell (valve), covering the elastic section of the channel.
    In the case of smaller electrolyzers with only one vsasy5
    temperature, the temperature measurement can be made at the gas inlet to the common collector 16. In this case, the temperature drop of the gas stream when opening one casing may not reach 50, remaining at least 20 ° C, which is in any case sufficient for reliable switching to the mode of enhanced suction. In addition, it was established experimentally that in the case of electrolytic cells at 280 kA, it is possible to measure the temperature at just one point, install thermocouples for the convergence of all five gas streams coming from the five collecting channels. Sensitivity is reduced, but remains sufficient to implement the proposed method.
    When in place of the removed covers, the temperature quickly rises to a value that is not always (at least in the first seconds) equal to the initial temperature. Until one or more covers are open. However, here too, the temperature rises quickly enough (several seconds) in order to give a return signal to the normal suction mode.
    Depending on the size of the electrolyzers and the characteristics of the suction circuits, the first threshold value of temperature t1 (1) is determined and when the gas temperature t (i) in the i-th channel decreases, it switches to the enhanced intake mode, the second threshold value of temperature t1 is also determined (i ), when it is exceeded, it returns to the normal suction mode, and the values of t (i) and t (i) can be equal or not equal to each other.
    In the case presented in the table, the threshold t1 (i) of the inclusion of enhanced suction can be 10 ° C, and the threshold t (i) of return to normal absorption can be 70 or 80 ° C.
    In addition to including enhanced suction, the proposed method allows a number of functions associated with the operation of modern high power electrolysis baths to be performed. In addition to the inclusion of enhanced suction, at the transition of the thresholds t., (1) and tg (1) it gives a signal to turn on the light and / or sound signal on the console that unites the groups
    Q p
    5 Q
    s
    0
    five
    0
    7186
    electrolyzers, to indicate that at least one casing of some electrolyzer is open (or rfe closed) or that such number of covers are open in this group of electrolyzers. For example, in a battery of 50 electrolysis cells, the suction system of which serves five groups of 30 electrolysis cells in each, it was found that by simultaneously opening more than 4 housings, the suction switched to enhanced suction becomes insufficient. In this case, an alarm can be generated In order to inform the maintenance personnel about what should be delayed with the opening of the fifth (or n-th) casing.
    In the same way, you can find out where the casing is badly closed or forgotten in the open position.
    Thus, by means of centralized control, it is possible to control the number of covers, as well as the time of their opening or closing. The signal triggered by the passage of the threshold values tt (i) and t (i) is fed to a control computing device (not shown in the drawings), which determines and can provide information related to balance, alarm, various calculations related to the implementation of the proposed method.
    The application of the invention makes it possible to save energy consumed by the suction system. A typical suction system with a constant flow rate of 3 m3 / s per electrolyzer consumes about 300 kWh per ton of aluminum produced, which is a fairly significant part of the total energy consumption of electrolysis of 12,500-13,500 kWh. By applying the proposed method, it is possible to reduce the suction flow rate to 2 m / s per electrolyzer, and enhanced suction at a flow rate of 3 m 3 / s will be carried out for about 5% of the total operating time of the electrolyzer. Economy can be 60 - 90 kWh per ton of aluminum produced.
    The advantages of the proposed method are also an increase in the efficiency of gas purification due to optimization when opening covers; sni71473
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. The method of automatic control of the electrolysis baths for aluminum production, mainly, but in the production of aluminum by fire electrolysis according to the All-Heru technology 2 in electrolyzers with removable casings and a gas cleaning system, including the removal of gases from each electrolyzer at least
    1 through one suction channel connected to a common suction system for all electrolysis cells, characterized in that, in order to save electricity, reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the temperature t (i) of gases in each of the suction channels and comparing it with the first technology-specified threshold temperature t (i) of gases, and at t (i) - t (i) at least for one of the channels (i) increase the suction of gases in this channel, then compare t (i) with the second technology set Ogove temperature value t r (J) and gases t (i) 1d (1) for all suction channels reduce flow of gases to the initial value in the suction channel, for which the condition t (i) t., (J) .№
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the gas flow rate in the mode of enhanced suction to the gas flow rate in the normal mode is 1.5 - 3.5
    8-8
    [3]
    3. A method according to claim, characterized in that when the current temperature t (i) crosses the given
    according to the technology of threshold values t (i) and t. (i) light and / or sound alarms are produced.
    [4]
    4. A device for automatically controlling the drawdown of electrolysis baths for the production of aluminum, mainly by suctioning gas from each cell using at least one suction channel, containing a suction system common to all channels, characterized in that, in order to save electricity, the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, it is equipped with means to measure the temperature of the exhaust gases
    and changing their flow rates installed in each channel, a control unit containing temperature setting elements and comparison elements, the inputs of the control unit being connected to means for measuring temperature, and the outputs of the control unit being connected to means for changing (flow rates of gases).
    [5]
    5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that a thermocouple is used as a means for measuring temperature
    [6]
    6. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that a damper is used as a means for changing the flow rate of exhaust gases in each channel, which can be rotated around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the channel.
    [7]
    7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for changing the flow rate of the off-gases in each channel is made of an elastic material.
    [8]
    8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the control unit contains means of audible and / or visual alarm signaling and is connected to a computer.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    YU44114B|1990-02-28|
    HU201977B|1991-01-28|
    FR2563845A1|1985-11-08|
    NO171374B|1992-11-23|
    NO171374C|1993-03-03|
    PH22403A|1988-08-26|
    US4668352A|1987-05-26|
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    WO1985005132A1|1985-11-21|
    GB2158226A|1985-11-06|
    YU70685A|1988-12-31|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR8407521A|FR2563845B1|1984-05-03|1984-05-03|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC OVER-SUCTION ON ELECTROLYSIS TANKS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM|
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