• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Beim oben bezeichneten Verfahren wird das inertgas, das mit Wasserstoff und/oder Deuterium und/oder Tritium verunreinigt ist, primärseitig an einer Austauschwand für Wasserstoffisotope entlanggeführt, der sekundärseitig ein mit dem durch die Austauschwand permeierenden Wasserstoffisotopen derart chemisch reagierender Stoff zugegeben wird, daß das aus dem zu reinigenden Inertgasstrom abzutrennende Wasserstoffisotop oder die abzutrennenden Wasserstoffisotope in einem durch die Austauschwand nicht permeationsfähigen, in einem Gasstrom transportablen Reaktionsprodukt gebunden wird, das durch einen auf der Sekundärseite der Austauschwand geführten Trägergasstrom abgeführt wird. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird im Kühlgaskreislauf eines gasgekühlten Kernreaktors angeordnet, vgl. Fig. 1 Der zu reinigende Inertgasstrom (5) wird durch wenigstens eine Austauscheinrichtung (1, 2) mit zumindest einer Austauschwand (3, 4) für Wasserstoffisotope hindurchgeführt.
    公开号:SU1440339A3
    申请号:SU823436448
    申请日:1982-05-17
    公开日:1988-11-23
    发明作者:Иниотакис Николаос；Фон Дер Декен Клаус-Бенедикт；Хекер Рудольф；Фрелинг Вернер；Шультен Рудольф
    申请人:Кернфоршунгсанлаге Юлих,Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:


    about
    The invention relates to methods for separating hydrogen isotopes from a gas stream and can be used in the purification of gases in a gas-cooled circulating circuit of nuclear reactors, during regeneration. : Nuclear fuel, as well as the production of isotopes of the species from inert
    GAZOV.
    The aim of the invention is to ensure the continuity of the process of separating hydrogen isotopes at a constant degree of purification of an inert gas. By supplying to the secondary side of the partition, selectively permeable only for hydrogen isotopes, oxidation, bodies in the form of oxygen or copper oxide bind hydrogen in the form of water vapor, easily removed from the secondary side of the partition. Submission to the secondary side of the vapor partition; Waters due to chemical isotope exchange reactions reach selective separation from deuterium and tritium isotopes that have penetrated the hydrogen wall.
    The method for separating hydrogen isotopes from an inert gas stream includes passing an inert gas along the primary septum, selectively permeable only to hydrogen isotopes, and diverting the purified inert gas away from the primary side of the septum. Water vapor or an oxidizer is supplied to the secondary side of the bulkhead. Oxygen or copper oxide is used as an oxidizing agent. Water vapor and oxygen are supplied in the stream and in a gaseous carrier gas, as which can be used a purified inert gas discharged from the primary side of the partition. The flow of the inert carrier gas is directed countercurrently to the flow of the inert gas flowing along the primary side of the partition. The inert carrier gas is removed from the secondary side of the partition and cleaned by condensation. Steam and oxidant on the secondary side of the septum can be applied sequentially.
    The drawing shows the scheme of implementation of the method using two partitions.
    The method of separating hydrogen isotopes from an inert gas stream is carried out as follows.
    Inert gas stream 1, for example, after heating in a nuclear reactor (not shown), is fed successively to exchange devices 2 and 3 and passed along the primary sides of partitions 4 and 5, selectively permeable only for hydrogen isotopes, into the cavities 6 and 7. High permeability metals for hydrogen, for example Zr, Nb, Ta, V, PZ, etc., as well as alloys of these metals can be used as partitions. Partitions can be made in the form of pipes or plates. Water vapor or oxidant in the form of oxygen or copper oxide is supplied to the secondary side of the partitions in cavities 8 and 9, and water vapor and oxygen are supplied in a stream of inert carrier gas directed countercurrently to stream 1, and copper oxide can be used as stationary layer 10. The carrier gas is fed through the pipeline
    11, water vapor - by pipeline
    12, and oxygen - through the pipeline 13 In this case, in the exchange device, 5 isotopes of hydrogen penetrated through the partition to form, DjO, as well as HDO and HTO. The resulting resulting mainly as a reaction product WATU, as well as water vapor coming through the pipeline 12, is used for isotopic exchange in the exchange device 2 o As a result of isotonic exchange reactions
    HT + HjO NTO + H
    HD + - HDO f H 2
    The concentration of deuterium and tritium, present mainly in the form of HD and NT molecules, is reduced on both sides of the baffle. Thus, through the pipeline 14 from the exchange device 2, a stream of carrier gas flows, containing hydrogen isotopes constantly evacuated from the secondary sides of the partitions 4 and 5 in the form of water vapor. There is a continuous stream of hydrogen isotopes from the primary side to the secondary one through the superorgans 4 and 5, and the degree of purification of the inert gas stream 1 can then be kept constant in time. In stream 1, an absolute decrease in the concentration of isotopes is obtained.
    hydrogen due to their oxidation in the exchange device 3, and reducing the concentration of deuterium and trit due to the selective release in the exchange device 2. Depending on the goals, the implementation of the method may involve the use of only an oxidative exchange device 3 with an oxidizing agent with oxygen or copper oxide or only isotopic -exchange device 2, or their successive combination (Fig, 1). The use of countercurrent flow from different sides of the partitions allows either to increase the degree of purification or to ensure the required degree of purification of stream 1 with a minimum consumption of reagents on the secondary sides of the partitions.
    The flow of the carrier gas through line 14 is sent to remove condensate from water vapor to condenser 15, from which water enriched in deuterium and tritium (enrichment takes place in the presence of an exchange device 2) is diverted through line 16, and the clean carrier gas is line 17. The purified inert gas is discharged through line 18.
    A portion of the purified inert gas stream can be used as the carrier gas flow, by supplying it to the main carrier gas stream 19 via the bypass pipeline 20. In this case, part of the stream 21 from pipeline 17 should be returned to pipeline 18.
    With continuous cleaning of the flow of gels 74 kg / s with a temperature of 573 K and a pressure of 4.-10 Pa, containing hydrogen isotopes in the form of NT with a partial pressure of 50 Pa and O, 1 Pa, respectively, when the flow through the exchange devices 2 and 3 partial pressure K j decreases 4 times, and NT partial pressure decreases 50 times. Partitions 4 and 5 are made of zirconium with a thickness of 1 mm. Feperg- rdka 4 has an area of 1000 m, and a pv partition 5 - 275 m, the consumption of oxidizer 483 tons / year of copper oxide or mol / year of oxygen. Consumption
    water vapor 1 t / year. In addition, 11.5 tons / year of water containing tritium was produced in oxygen 15.
    If necessary, the partial pressure of hydrogen H in the helium flow can be reduced by a factor of 20 with a constant reduction in the partial pressure of tritium.
    (reduction of the partial pressure of NT by 50 times). In this case, with an increase in the area of the partition 5 from 275 to 600 m, the need for supplying water vapor in the pipeline 12 is eliminated, and the amount of copper oxide should be increased by 20%.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. A method for separating hydrogen isotopes from an inert gas stream, comprising passing an inert gas along a primary side of a partition selectively permeable only for
    hydrogen isotopes, and discharge from the primary side of the septum of the cleaned inert gas, characterized in that, in order to ensure the continuity of the process
    with a constant degree of purification,
    Water vapor or an oxidizing agent in the form of oxygen or copper oxide is added to the secondary side of the septum, and water vapor and oxygen are supplied in a stream of inert carrier gas directed counter-current to the stream of inert gas passed along the primary side of the partition, followed by by removing the inert gazanositel from the secondary side of the partition and its purification from water vapor by condensation.
    [2]
    2. Method POP.1, characterized by the fact that purified inert gas discharged from the primary side of the partition is used as the inert carrier gas.
    3, the method according to PP.1 and 2, about the t L It is due to the fact that
    This side of the partition serves water vapor and the oxidant one after another.
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    同族专利:
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    JPS57199998A|1982-12-08|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3121125A|DE3121125C2|1981-05-27|1981-05-27|Method for separating hydrogen and / or deuterium and tritium from an inert gas stream and device for carrying out the method in the cooling gas circuit of a gas-cooled nuclear reactor|
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