• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process is disclosed for increasing the filling power of tobacco lamina filler without the use of exogenous impregnants by contacting the filler with a heat transfer medium such that heat is transferred rapidly and substantially uniformly from the medium to the filler for a total contact time sufficient to stiffen and expand the filler. The filler has an OV value, immediately before treatment, within the range of from about 8% to about 28% and, most preferably, within the range of from about 10% to about 14%. The filler, immediately before treatment, is preferably at ambient temperature and it is preferred that the entire process be conducted at atmospheric pressure.
    公开号:SU1384185A3
    申请号:SU823479655
    申请日:1982-08-19
    公开日:1988-03-23
    发明作者:В.Утч Фрэнкис；З.Де Ла Бурд Роджер；Е.Омент Патрик；Болвей Мерритт Генри
    申请人:Филип Моррис Инкорпорейтед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    The invention relates to methods for increasing the filling capacity of leaf tobacco, and more specifically, to a method in which the filling capacity of tobacco is twisted without the use of exogenous exfoliating or gassing agents.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of filling capacity.
    The method is as follows.
    The original shredded leaf tobacco, which does not contain exogenous impregnation and has a moisture content of 8-30%, is heated by contact with hot humid air, the steam content of which is 71-100%, and its temperature is 232-357 C. the feed rate of the air is equal to 12–51.8 m / s, and the contact time is 0.1–10 s until the moisture content in tobacco is 0.5–5%, followed by expansion of the tobacco and its drying. In this case, the initial humidity of the tobacco used may be 10–20 or 10–14%, and the contact time is 1–6 s. Filling ability. The ability of tobacco to form a cigarette rod with a given amount of moisture. A high filling capacity means that creating a cigarette rod requires less tobacco weight than is required when using tobacco with a lower filling capacity. Filling yu yu. The ability of tobacco is enhanced by stiffening it, as well as by expanding it.
    The volume of the cylinder (OC). The volume that, at a certain pressure, takes a given weight of shredded tobacco. The magnitude of the OC is expressed in g. To determine this value, a tobacco filler weighing 10,000 g is placed in a cylinder with a diameter of 3.358 cm, vibrated on a Syntron type vibrator for 30 seconds and compressed for 5 minutes with a piston weighing 1875 g and a diameter of 3.33 cm The resulting volume is treated as an OC. This test is conducted under normal ambient conditions - at 23.9. With and relative humidity (RH) 60%. Big OC. Indicates a high filling ability.
    Equilibrium cylinder volume (ROD). Cylinder volume determined after
    balancing tobacco filler by processing at 23.9 ° C and RH 60% for 18 hours.
    The volatile portion is determined using a drier (LC / S). A unit indicating the content (or percentage) of moisture in the filler tobacco. It is determined by weighing the fill sample before and after incubation in an air dryer at. The weights, i.e., a percentage of the initial weight, comprise the volatile portion determined by means of a dryer. The weight loss, in addition to water, also includes volatile substances, which are used with the possibility of mutual replacement with moisture content and can be considered equivalent to the latter, since in the test conditions volatile substances, and not water, constitute no more than 1% of tobacco weight -complete
    Equilibrium of the volatile part, determined by means of a dryer (RLS / C). The value determined after equilibration of the tobacco filler by treatment at 23.9 ° C and RH 60% for 18 hours.
    Specific volume (PP) .. The volume of a given amount of tobacco divided by the weight of tobacco. This value is expressed in cm / g and can be determined by using a simple method of opposing weight in the atmosphere to weight of the container, for example, by placing a sample of one gram of tobacco in a tea bag, which is then weighed, immersed in a liquid and weighed again. The liquid used is often indicated by the inscription under the corresponding 1m word. So, for acetone Used as such a liquid, the abbreviation will be: UVAcetone For the case of mercury, HC. The specific volume from the cylinder volume is characterized in that the tobacco is not in a compressed state. It has been established that with an increase in the specific volume there is a nationalized ability. povitsya.
    Equilibrium specific volume (CBR). This value is determined after equilibrating the tobacco filler by treating 23.9 ° C and RH 60% for 18 hours.
    Leaf tobacco filler. Shredded, dried tobacco, devoid of stems or veins. This dried tobacco can be of any type, and can also be in the shell or without it. Preferred tobacco type is Burly Bright, Oriental or mixtures thereof. g
    Exogenous impregnating substance. A substance in a solid, liquid or gaseous state, other than water, which is added to tobacco to perform its function as a gas-forming Q or intumescent during the expansion operation.
    The filler for smoking articles can be prepared from any dried tobacco, regardless of whether it is wrapped or not, and it is preferable to choose it from the group including the following types: Burly, Burly in the shell. Bright, Bright in a shell, Orientol, Orien-20 tol in a shell or a mixture thereof. It is preferable to choose the split filler from the group comprising the following types of tobacco: Burly, Burly in the shell. Bright, Bright in a shell.
    Whichever source is chosen, the filler used in the implementation of the proposed method, immediately before processing, is free from 30 exogenous impregnating agents and its moisture or drug supply / C is in the range of about 8-30%, preferably 10-20%, and more preferably it is 10-14%. In addition, it is preferable that the filler has an ambient temperature immediately before the treatment:
    By cutting or grinding a tank in order to obtain a split filler, its moisture content (LC / C) and exit from the cutting machine is in the range of about 18-30%. Thus, the total capacity of the cut filler can be increased by applying the proposed method without initially reducing or increasing its moisture content. But where no Q is provided for the expansion operation of the filler, it is usually dried in order to avoid pressing, bringing the moisture to a value equal to about 12%. The proposed method allows the expansion of the tobacco-ka-filler with a relatively low humidity without initially increasing it.
     If it is assumed that in the proposed method splitted tobacco filler with a moisture content of less than 8% may be used, the practical limitations caused by increasing fragility and difficulty in manipulating the tobacco mass as humidity decreases, lead to results that cannot be considered appropriate and desirable in comparison with the results obtained in the case of using non-impregnated split tobacco filler with a moisture content of at least 8%. When the upper limit is exceeded, 30% higher humidity requires that more heat is transferred to tobacco in order to eliminate excessive moisture. Moreover, split tobacco filler expands to a large extent even though it is devoid of exogenous impregnating substances and its moisture content before processing, it is even in the more preferred range — about 10-14%. Thus, by applying the proposed method, the use of a filler having high moisture values, which are undesirable from the point of view of high energy costs, can be avoided.
    The filler is brought into contact with the heat transfer medium so that the number of heat transfer from the medium to the filler during the entire contact time necessary for imparting rigidity and expansion is carried out quickly and in equal proportions. It has been established that the combination of fast and uniform heat transfer with a relatively low initial moisture content of tobacco results in the hardening and expansion of tobacco, which in combination provide a significant increase in filling capacity. It has been established that the heat transfer rate must be high in order to achieve severity, i.e. module changes, and extensions, i.e. changes in geometry.
    It is believed that if the water activity in tobacco, which is related to its moisture, is within certain limits, then when fast and essentially uniform heat transfer occurs, certain reactions occur between the exogenous components of tobacco cells that give the tobacco tissue stiffness and provide increased filling capacity. These reactions are believed to be optimal when the water activity (i.e., OH), at which tobacco is in equilibrium at a given temperature in a closed system) is in the range of about 30-90%, preferably about 40-90%, and more preferably about 50-75%. For comparison, we point out that this range of 30-90% at 24 ° C corresponds to the range of values of the LC / C of about 8%, preferably about 10-20%, and preferably about 10-14%. Smaller LF / C values provide optimal enhancement of filling capacity. When a filler is used, the LF / C value of which exceeds 20% and especially 30%, the water activity is such that it is believed that the rate of the reactions that give the tobacco stiffness is significantly reduced.
    In order to achieve a stable and optimal result, it is important that the heat transfer to the filler is uniform. Consequently, the filler must be brought into contact with the heat transfer medium in such a way as to ensure uniform contact between the cut particles and the heat transfer medium. If such measures, which ensure uniform heat transfer, are not taken, then the product will receive only partial rigidity and expansion and will have some areas that will turn out to be untreated.
    The heat transfer rate usually depends on the type of device used, and since no means has been created for directly measuring the speed, the optimum speed can be determined experimentally by varying the various operating parameters of the device used so that the treated filler has moisture immediately after entering into contact with heat transfer medium equal to about 7%, preferably less than 3%, and more preferably less than 3%. It is especially desirable that the humidity be in the range of about 0.5-4% immediately after the filler is brought into contact with the heat transfer medium. Preferred
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    the minimum value of LCH / S is about 0.5%.
    The moisture content of the filler after the treatment itself is not a critical parameter, since this value can be gradually reduced within the specified limits over several hours, days and even months without expansion of the filler. However, if a device is selected in which uniform contacting of the filler with the heat transfer medium can be made, and if such heat transfer medium is selected that ensures fast heat transfer to the filler, then by treating the heat content of the heat transfer medium and the total contact time of the filler with the medium within the specified ranges when the parameters necessary to ensure rapid and uniform transfer of heat from the medium to the filler are selected.
    The total contact time must be so short that the total amount of heat transferred is less than the amount that causes the filler to ignite or discolour, and so long as to ensure sufficient heat transfer from the heat transfer medium to the filler, the flow of reactions, giving the 1x rigidity to the filler, until the selected one magnitude of water activity and filler expansion. It is also preferable that, in order to avoid reducing the loss of alkaloids, which are increasingly degraded as the tobacco temperature rises, the total contact time is as short as possible. With an increase in the rate of heat transfer or the heat content of the medium, the contact time should decrease.
    The heat transfer medium is a solid-state or gaseous medium, which has a sufficiently high specific heat capacity, which ensures the rapid transfer of its heat content to the filler upon contact with the latter. The heat transfer means can also be a beam of energy or a beam of thermal energy. One preferred heat transfer medium is a high velocity gas with an elevated temperature, such as gas containing at least 50% steam.
    ten
    71384185
     and preferably at least .80% steam, and having a temperature of at least 232 ° C. The rate of heat transfer from this gas varies depending on the percentage of steam, gas velocity and temperature, all these parameters are interrelated. Preferably, when the filler is in contact with the gas, there is essentially a uniform distribution of the former in the latter. Another preferred heat transfer medium is thermal energy of radiation,
    radiation, and it is preferable that when the filler is brought into contact with the energy of thermal radiation, this energy is uniformly affected by the filler. 20
    Any device that can be adjusted or adjusted to provide quick and uniform heat transfer from the heat transfer medium to the filler and which makes it possible to control the contact time can be used. Such a device is a dispersion dryer, known in the art as Drying Tower. Another device that can be used is a reflected
    eight
    It includes both an expanded filler prepared according to the proposed method and a smoking article, for example cigarettes, which include an expanded filler.
    In each considered example, with the exception of the above, used filler tobacco, not containing exogenous substances.
    PRI me R 1. Samples fill l type Bright, having the baseline ROC 32 CMViO g, RFID / S immediately before processing
    for example, infrared energy is -11.8% and baseline OBM
    0.9 was put in contact with 100% steam in a 76 mm diameter tower equipped with a cyclone separator for a total contact time of 3-4 s at two different temperatures. The steam velocity was about 40 m / s and the tobacco feed rate was 150 g / min. Another sample with a RFID / C indicator of 12.1%, a baseline ROC index of 33 g and a baseline Gage Rate of 0.9 was treated under conditions identical to those indicated, but at 288 ° C. The results are shown in Table.
    25
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    EXAMPLE 2. Bright filler samples were brought into contact with 100% steam in a 76 mm diameter tower equipped with a cyclone separator for a total contact time of 3-4 s. The steam velocity was - la 38 m / s, and the feed rate of tobacco - f 150 g / min. The results are presented in Table. 2. EXAMPLE 3. Samples t of the filler tank at different initial values of LCH / S were processed at different temperatures by contacting it with 100% steam in a 76 mm tower equipped with a cyclone separator. for a total contact time of approximately 3-4 s. The feed rate of tobacco was 150 g / min and the steam was about 40 m / s. The treatment conditions and results are given in; tab. 3
    a furnace, representing a parabolic mirror, in which the energy of thermal radiation is focused on the focal point and the filler is in essence evenly brought into contact with the reflected and focused energy of thermal radiation by moving my second focal point during the total contact time required for stiffening and expansion filler. .
    The product obtained by the proposed method can be used for the production of cigarettes, carried out in a known manner, or mixed with other types of tobacco in order to produce the desired mixture used for the production of cigarettes and other tobacco products. The expanded filler is particularly suitable for filling cigarettes, since the expansion process does not use materials that are foreign to tobacco and, therefore, no extraneous materials are left in the expanded filler that adversely affect the taste during smoking. Thus, the invention of Kaili in the battlefield / C 33 RU wi 288
    one.

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    EXAMPLE 2. Bright filler samples were brought into contact with 100% steam in a 76 mm diameter tower equipped with a cyclone separator for a total contact time of 3-4 s. The steam velocity was - la 38 m / s, and the feed rate of tobacco - f 150 g / min. The results are presented in Table. 2. EXAMPLE 3. Samples t of the filler tank at different initial values of LCH / S were processed at different temperatures by contacting it with 100% steam in a 76 mm tower equipped with a cyclone separator. for a total contact time of approximately 3-4 s. The feed rate of tobacco was 150 g / min and the steam was about 40 m / s. The treatment conditions and results are given in; tab. 3
    PRI m e-p 4. Split Bright-type tobacco — a filler with an initial value of LC / C t1.8%, an initial ROC value of 36.8 cm3 / Sg and an initial RFL / C value of 12.6% was brought into contact with 100% steam in a tower with a diameter of 76 mm, equipped with a cyclone separator, at 31b C, steam speed 43 .m / s and tobacco feed speed
    150 g / min Total contact time is approximately 4 s. Expanded tobacco at the exit of the tower had a value of LF / C of 1.9%, and after equilibration, the ROC 64.6 cm / 10 g and RFL / S 10.9%.
    Example5. Samples of tobacco-filler type Burly without a shell and samples of tobacco-filler type Bright without a shell was introduced into the Q
    tact with 100% steam in a 76-mm-diameter tower fitted with a cyclone
    separator, with feed speed
    180 g / min at a steam speed of about 40 m / s for a total time of j-stroke of about 4 s. Samples were processed at three different temperatures. The initial values of OTs and LC / S for a Burly type tobacco and Bright type tobacco were 20 34.1 cm3 / 10 g, 15.2% and 42.1 cm3 /, 10 g, 11j2%, respectively. The processed samples were balanced, and as a result, the CRC and RFL / S were determined, as well as the RBM for both acetone and mercury. Beat 25 is determined by the filler density on average 25 productive measurements of each sample. In order to control these values were measured in untreated samples. A percentage increase in the OC and PP was calculated ((concrete with respect to the control data. The results are shown in Table 4.
    P p i. meper 6. Bright tobacco filler samples of type Bright were processed at five different sizes. input / output and three different treatment temperatures (processing for each input / output supply. The feed rate of each image-JQ was 180 g / min, and each sample was brought into contact with 100% vapor in a tower with a diameter of 76 mm,
    equipped with a cyclone separator. The vapor velocity was approximately 40 m / s, and the total contact time was approximately 4 s. The treated samples were balanced and the RAC and RFID / C were calculated for each sample. In addition, for the purpose of monitoring, a portion of the tobacco filler was not processed at each value of LCH / S, but was balanced and the ROC and RFL / S were measured. Results are given in .tab. five.
    PRI me R 7. Samples of Bright-type fillings were brought into contact with 100% steam in a 76 mm diameter bachne equipped with a cyclone separator35
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    the torus and other samples were brought into contact with 72% steam in a tower with a diameter of 203 mm, equipped with a tangential separator, at three different feed rates and at four different treatment temperatures. The steam velocity was about 40 m / s, and the total contact time was about 4 s. In order to control, a part of the sample used for each feed rate was not processed, but balanced, after which the ROC AND RFID / C was determined. For each sample processed, the CRC and RFID / S values were determined. For the sake of comparison, the samples were put in contact with a heated air.
    with a spirit that does not contain steam in a 76-mm-diameter tower, equipped with a cyclone separator, with two different feed rates. The results are shown in Table. 6
    Example Samples of the Burly type filler in the casing were put in contact with 100% steam in a 76 mm diameter tower equipped with a cyclone separator, at a feed rate of 180 g / min, at five different temperatures in the tower and two different values of LCH / S on the supply and determination of the values of the LCH / S at the exit of the tower. The steam velocity was about 40 m / s, and the total contact time was about 4 s. Each Processed sample, as well as the untreated control samples, were equilibrated, after which the CRC and RFID / C values were determined. The results are shown in Table. 7
    PRI me R 9. Samples of Bright tobacco filler type were introduced into. contact with steam in a tower with a diameter of 76 mm, equipped with a cyclone separator, and other samples - with steam in a tower with a diameter of 203 mm, equipped with a tangential separator, at two different values of LCH / S, at the entrance and at different temperatures of treatment in the tower steam content. The feed rate for each type of tower was kept constant. The steam flow rate was about 38 m / s and the total contact time was about 4 s. TOCs for each processed sample and untreated control samples were determined for DRC and RFID / S. The results are shown in Table. eight.
     C r i me R 10. To determine what effect the balancing method
    . renders on RTC and RFI / C tobacco
    the filler processed according to the invention, samples of Bright tobacco fillers were brought into contact with 100% steam at two different temperatures in a 76 mm diameter tower equipped with a cyclone separator. The feed rate was kept constant at 180 g / min. The initial value of LCH / S was 1 1, 4%. The steam velocity was about 40 m / s, and the total contact time was about 4 s. Portions of each treated sample were then balanced in three different ways. One
    13
    part was balanced in humid air at 60% RH and at 22 C. The second
    a portion was equilibrated by spraying with water to obtain an LC / S value of 10%, and then sealed in bags and held in them for about 14-16 hours, then brought to a certain condition in the room at 60% RH and 72 ° C for 24 hours
    The third part was balanced by significant wetting, bringing the value of the LC / S to 30%, and then balanced by a 60% RH and at 22 ° C. Yes - For each part of each sample
    and for untreated Q-control with a kidney, the samples were processed, the sample was determined by CRC and RFID / S. .ROTs / (Rfc / s), (cm3 / 10 g)% fill-, l type Bright, processed in the tower are given in table. 9.
    as indicated at two; x different temperatures. Next, the LF / C output value was determined, and then these samples were balanced. Thereafter, the CRC and RFID / C were determined for each treated sample, as well as the untreated control samples, and the percentage increase in the CRC was calculated in comparison with the corresponding value of the control sample. The results are shown in Table. 11,. Testify, (that the proposed method can be equally applied to the treatment of coated fillers, uncoated fillers, and mixtures.
    Example 11. In order to determine the impact that the rejection has on ROC and RFID / S, a certain amount of split tobacco of the filler type Bright was obtained immediately after cutting it on a Legg cutting machine. It was determined that this filler has a value of LCH / S in the range of about 18-20%. A part of this chopped filler was sealed in plastic bags at an RF / C 18–20% and held in a refrigerator at 1.7 ° C for four days. The second part of the cut filler was put in contact immediately after cutting with 100% steam in an expansion tower 76 mm in diameter, equipped with a cyclone separator, at two different temperatures, with a feed rate of 180 g / min, steam flow rate of about 40 m / for a total contact time of about 4 s. At the end of the four-day retention period, the first part was treated with identical,
    20 25.
    8418512
    ny conditions Processed as well as untreated control specimens — the aged and unwrought parts thereof were balanced with the subsequent measurement of the values. RTC and RFI / S. The percentage increase in the OC value was calculated in comparison with the corresponding value of the control sample. The effect of curing filler on the ability to expand is given in Table. ten.
    Example 12. In order to determine what effect the coating of tobacco-filler has on the percentage increase in the RTC value compared to the ROC of the raw filler, parts of the freshly cut fillers of the Bright and Burly type were brought into contact with 100% steam in a 76-mm tower equipped with a cyclone separator., with a feed rate of 180 g / min, at a steam flow rate of about 40 m / s for a total contact time of about 4 s. The value of LCH / S at the feed was in the range of about 18-20%. A part of each type of tobacco was coated with a sheath, and then both covered and uncovered equipment.
    kidney samples were processed,
    as indicated at two; x different temperatures. Next, the LF / C output value was determined, and then these samples were balanced. Thereafter, the CRC and RFID / C were determined for each treated sample, as well as the untreated control samples, and the percentage increase in the CRC was calculated in comparison with the corresponding value of the control sample. The results are shown in Table. 11,. Testify, (that the proposed method can be equally applied to the treatment of coated fillers, uncoated fillers, and mixtures.
    And rmeer 13. The influence of re-; Humidification on ROC values. and RFID / S of the Bright type filler were determined by contacting several samples with steam in a 76 mm diameter tower, and other samples - in a 203 mm tower at different values of LPF / s (at the inlet and temperature and steam content in the tower, and then for each treated sample, the part was re-moistened without equilibration and the values of LF / S and OC were determined.The steam velocity was 38 m / s, the total contact time was about 4 s, the feed rate was approximately 0.4 lb / min in a 76 mm tower with iijdhJioiiHb M sep Rathore, and about 1.4 kg / min in the tower diameter of 203 mm, equipped with a tangential separator.
    The effect of rewetting on ROC / (RF / S) of the Bright type filler treated in the tower is given in table. 12.
    Example 14. In order to determine the effect of additives on ROC and RFID / C values after treating a Burly type filler, samples treated with additives, the amounts of which are listed in Table. 10, as well as the sample, without any additives, were brought into contact with 100% steam in a 76 mm diameter tower equipped with a cyclone separator at a feed rate of 180 g / min at a steam speed of about 40 m / s and for a total contact time about 4 s. Parts of each sample were processed at three different temperatures in the tower. Then, the samples were balanced, including the untreated part of the sample, and the RTC and RFID / S were measured. The results are given in Table. 13.
    Example 15. Determine the composition of the filler treated according to the invention. By particle size after the introduction of samples of a Bright type filler, at different OC values at the inlet, with 75% steam in a tower with a diameter of 203 mm, equipped with a tangential separator, with a feed rate of 1.4 kg / min and at three different temperatures. The vapor velocity was about 38 m / s and the total contact time was about 4 s. A portion of each treated sample was equilibrated and another portion of the treated sample was re-moistened by spraying. The filler composition was determined by particle size for the control samples, as well as for each balanced and re-moistened sample. The method of sieve analysis would
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    The percentage composition of each sample is determined by five particle sizes. The results are shown in Table. 14.
    As the data table. 14, the composition of the treated filler differs greatly in particle size from the composition of untreated control samples.
    Example 16. Seven samples of the uncoated Bright type filler were brought into contact with Lahr in a tower with a diameter of 610 mm fitted with a tangential separator, and various parameters were measured and recorded before and after processing. The total contact time was approximately 8 s. Conditions and results of processing are presented in table. 15.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. A method for increasing the filling capacity of a filler tobacco sheet, including heating a moist, shredded tobacco leaf that does not contain exogenous impregnation, by contacting it with hot humid air, followed by expansion and drying of the tobacco, characterized in that it has a degree filling capacity, the vapor content in the horizons of humid air is maintained in an amount of 71-100%, the air flow rate is 12-51.8 m / s, and its temperature is 232-357 ° С, while tobacco leaf is used from initial to wet Tew 8-30%, and the tobacco contacting with humid air was carried out for 0.1-10 seconds to achieve a moisture content of 0.5-5% in tobacco.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim. 1, that is, with the fact that the initial humidity of the tobacco used is 10-20%.
    [3]
    3. Method POP1, characterized in that the initial humidity of the tobacco used is 10-14%.
    [4]
    4. Method POP1, characterized in that the contacting of the tobacco with hot air is carried out
    within 1-6 s.
    15
    138418516
    Table 1
    Unconscious, counter
    Experimental conditions during processing.
    .Table 3
    Burly type filler
    LVL / S with a feed of 15.2% Without a shell
    180 1080
    1420 680
    Comparative example
    180 1080
    Tower 76 mm / 100% steam
    41/12 67/11 / 2.7 - 90/10 / 2.2 41/12 59/11 / 2.8 - 69/11 / 1.9
    Towers 203 mm / 72% steam 35 / 12.3 - 53.5 / 10.9 35 / 12.3 - 66.6 / 10 / Tow 76 mm / pairs 0%
    41/12 49/11 / 2.5
    41/12 42/11/3,7 Unconverse, counter, arr.
    eleven
    357
    Table .6
    104/10 / 2.0 8/11 / 1.9
    Table 7
    34 / 13,0
    1.9
    85 / 10.2
    Table 8
    25
    Uncontrol.
    Nevtszerzhann tobacco
    Uncontrol.
    Uncontrol.
    138418526
    Table 9
    TO table
    Without shell
    Table 11
    There is no counter.
    Glycerin, 2% Glycerin, 4%
     Citric acid, 5%
    Glycerin, 2% + + citric acid, 5%
    Glycerin 4% + citric acid, 5%
    Table 13
    84/10101/10
    69/1177/10
    64/1181/11
    87/10106/9
    53/11
    71/11
    77/10
    50/11
    62/11 81/10
    31
    Before processing RFL / Cg,%
    PyOg.CMVlO t RORC, cm3 / 10 g Processing
    Feed rate, kg / min
    LCH / S ,,%
    12.67 12.45 12.29 12.16 12.41 12.41 12.66 0.940.960.94 0.950.95 0.96 0.93
    32,132,932,9 31,431,6 31,9 33
    1,631,631,01,0t, 01,01,5
    12-13 12-13 12-13 12-13 12-13 12-13 19.2
    1384185
    32
    Table 14
    Table 15
    33
    1384185
    34
    Continuation tabl5
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI822888L|1983-02-21|
    AU549092B2|1986-01-16|
    ES8306009A1|1983-05-01|
    AU8742982A|1983-02-24|
    NZ201647A|1985-08-16|
    ZA826044B|1983-07-27|
    PT75443A|1982-09-01|
    MX157572A|1988-12-02|
    JPS5843777A|1983-03-14|
    EP0073137B1|1987-10-28|
    BR8204872A|1983-08-02|
    IN157197B|1986-02-08|
    US4414987A|1983-11-15|
    CA1158517A|1983-12-13|
    YU179182A|1985-04-30|
    BG37834A3|1985-08-15|
    PT75443B|1984-08-20|
    YU42789B|1988-12-31|
    EP0073137B2|1993-03-10|
    PH19679A|1986-06-13|
    GR76263B|1984-08-04|
    FI69551C|1986-03-10|
    EG15624A|1986-06-30|
    JPS6028267B2|1985-07-03|
    ES515113A0|1983-05-01|
    EP0073137A1|1983-03-02|
    FI822888A0|1982-08-19|
    FI69551B|1985-11-29|
    DE3277517D1|1987-12-03|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    BE624477A|
    US1789435A|1929-01-28|1931-01-20|American Mach & Foundry|Expanding tobacco|
    US2344106A|1939-07-14|1944-03-14|Larus & Brother Company Inc|Method of and apparatus for treating tobacco|
    US2596183A|1944-12-02|1952-05-13|American Mach & Foundry|Method for increasing the volume of shredded tobacco|
    US2656841A|1946-09-10|1953-10-27|American Mach & Foundry|Process for making tobacco sheet material|
    US3357436A|1964-08-26|1967-12-12|Brown & Williamson Tobacco|Apparatus for drying tobacco|
    US3409023A|1965-12-17|1968-11-05|Philip Morris Inc|Method of puffing tobacco stems by microwave energy|
    US3409028A|1965-12-17|1968-11-05|Philip Morris Inc|Method of making a reconstituted tobacco sheet|
    US3409027A|1965-12-17|1968-11-05|Philip Morris Inc|Method of preventing the shrinkage of puffed tobacco and product obtained thereby|
    NL135859C|1965-12-17|
    FR1506661A|1965-12-23|1967-12-22|Philip Morris Inc|Tobacco ribs pneumatic separation and blowing process|
    US3425425A|1967-01-04|1969-02-04|Philip Morris Inc|Method of puffing tobacco stems|
    US3529606A|1969-04-10|1970-09-22|Philip Morris Inc|Process for puffing tobacco stems|
    GB1280684A|1969-07-18|1972-07-05|Carreras Ltd|Treatment of tobacco|
    US4161953A|1970-05-27|1979-07-24|American Brands, Inc.|Method of puffing tobacco tissue|
    CA931039A|1970-05-27|1973-07-31|American Brands|Method of puffing tobacco tissue|
    US3957063A|1971-01-27|1976-05-18|Hauni-Werke Korber & Co., Kg|Method and apparatus for increasing the volume of moist tobacco|
    US3978867A|1971-01-27|1976-09-07|Hauni-Werke Korber & Co., Kg|Apparatus for increasing the volume of moist tobacco|
    BE790758A|1971-11-04|1973-02-15|Philip Morris Inc|PROCESS FOR INCREASING THE VOLUME OF TOBACCO STEMS|
    US3742961A|1971-11-08|1973-07-03|Reynolds Co R|Method and apparatus for treating tobacco|
    NL7216813A|1971-12-17|1973-06-19|
    US3842846A|1973-01-22|1974-10-22|Philip Morris Inc|Microwave expansion of tobacco|
    CA980206A|1973-07-13|1975-12-23|Klaus Deppe|Process for improving the filling capacity of tobacco|
    US3982550A|1975-06-05|1976-09-28|Philip Morris Incorporated|Process for expanding tobacco|
    US4044780A|1975-09-05|1977-08-30|American Brands, Inc.|Apparatus for total blend expansion|
    US4040431A|1975-09-05|1977-08-09|American Brands, Inc.|Method of increasing the filling capacity of shredded tobacco tissue|
    JPS561903B2|1977-02-22|1981-01-16|
    GB1604024A|1977-09-03|1981-12-02|Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg|Method and apparatus for increasing the filling property of fibres of tobacco or another smokable material|
    US4167191A|1977-09-27|1979-09-11|Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation|Tobacco drying process|
    US4235250A|1978-03-29|1980-11-25|Philip Morris Incorporated|Process for the expansion of tobacco|
    US4235249A|1978-07-31|1980-11-25|Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp.|Method and apparatus for producing expanded tobacco from whole tobacco stems|
    US4244381A|1978-08-02|1981-01-13|Philip Morris Incorporated|Upgraded tobacco stem material and its method of preparation|
    US4366825A|1979-11-21|1983-01-04|Philip Morris Incorporated|Expansion of tobacco|
    CA1163520A|1980-05-01|1984-03-13|Roger Z. De La Burde|Process for expansion of tobacco|US4431011A|1981-09-23|1984-02-14|Rothchild Ronald D|Process for expanding tobacco with water|
    CH658367A5|1982-05-11|1986-11-14|Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENLARGING TOBACCO.|
    CH662478A5|1983-04-23|1987-10-15|Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BLOWING TOBACCO.|
    CA2011123A1|1989-03-17|1990-09-17|Richard M. Henderson|Method of and apparatus for determining stem content of baled tobacco|
    US5012826A|1989-08-04|1991-05-07|R. I. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Method of expanding tobacco|
    EP1269869B1|2000-02-16|2006-06-14|Japan Tobacco Inc.|Method for producing shredded tobacco and production system for use therein|
    US7556047B2|2003-03-20|2009-07-07|R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|Method of expanding tobacco using steam|
    US20100168799A1|2008-12-29|2010-07-01|Schumer Evan D|Ulnar osteotomy plate including increased compression|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/294,814|US4414987A|1981-08-20|1981-08-20|Process for increasing the filling power of tobacco lamina filler|
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