Method for producing polyurethanes

专利摘要:
Polyurethane resins are described having high impact strength and other structural strength properties, and significantly improved resistance to deformation by heat. The properties of these materials are such as to make them comparable to engineering thermoplastics such as nylon and like materials commonly used to fabricate structural components such as automotive parts, equipment housing, sporting goods, furniture, toys, household and like consumer goods. The resins are prepared from organic polyisocyanates, an isocyanate-reactive material (poiyol, polyamine, etc.) having an average functionality of at least 1.9, a Tg less than 20 °C and molecular weight of 500-20 000, and one or more low molecular weight extenders the major distinguishing feature being the markedly lower proportion by weight (2 to 25 percent) in which the isocyanate-reactive material is employed as compared with polyurethane resins conventionally prepared in the art. Depending upon the particular combination of reactants employed the polyurethanes of the invention can be thermoplastic or thermoset and can be prepared in both cellular and non-cellular form.
公开号:SU1297733A3
申请号:SU823503949
申请日:1982-10-13
公开日:1987-03-15
发明作者:Джей Гоульдвассер Дэвид；Ондер Кемал
申请人:Дзе Дау Кемикал Компани (Фирма)；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The invention relates to the production of structural thermoplastics, in particular urethane thermoplastics, and can be used for the manufacture of parts in the automotive, furniture industry for the manufacture of building structures.
The aim of the invention is to obtain a polyurethane with a high modulus of elasticity in bending, high toughness and a high heat distortion temperature.
According to the invention, polyurethanes can be obtained by a single-stage method or by a prepolymer method. In the case of a single-stage method of producing polyurethanes, the polyol is first mixed. with a chain extender, and then an organic polyisocyanate is introduced.
Mixing the components and homogenizing the resulting mixture can be performed by any method and using any known apparatus. Before mixing, the components are dehydrated by heating in vacuum. The mixture of components is carried out at ambient temperature (20-25 C), after which the resulting mixture is heated from 40 to.
. After degassing and dewatering, the reaction mixture is placed in molds, extruders, on the surface of flexible tapes, etc. and cured in the temperature range from 20 to. The reaction can also be carried out under simultaneous pressing conditions.
The composition of the reaction composition may include an urethane catalyst in an amount of 0.02-2.0 wt.% Of the composition.
The process of producing polyurethanes can be carried out in a continuous manner using appropriate apparatus.
In the preparation of polyurethanes by the prepolymer method, the polyisocyanate and the polyol component are subjected to interaction at the preliminary stage, thereby obtaining a prepolymer with terminal isocyanate groups or a quasi-propolymer. In this case, the components are pre-dehydrated by a known method. The formation of the prepolymer is carried out at temperatures ranging from
in the range of 70 to 130 C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The prepolymer obtained in this way
five
0
five
0
five
0
five
0
five
is subjected to interaction by a chain extender in the temperature range, ensuring the degassing of the mixture is ensured. Further, the degassed mixture is transferred to a suitable mold, extrusion molding or other forming device.
To obtain polyurethanes according to the proposed method, any organic diisocyanates and polyisocyanates can be used: methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate), including its 4,4-isomer; 2,4-isomer and various mixtures thereof; meta- and para-phenylenediisocyanates; chlorphenylene diisocyanates; ei, dL-xylylene diisocyanate; 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanates, as well as various mixtures of these isomers; tolidine diisocyanate; hexamethylene diisocyanate; 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate; isoforonediisocyanate and metshlen-bis (cyclohexylisocyanate), including 4,4 -isomer, 2,4-isomer, and mixtures thereof.
The preferred organic polyisocyanate used according to the method is methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) as a 4,4-isomer or as mixtures of a 4,4-isomer with various amounts (up to 70% by weight) of the 2,4-isomer.
As the polyol (component B), molecular weight compounds from 830 to 6500 are used, having a functionality of at least 1.9, the glass transition temperature (T below
ao c).
The proportion of polyol can vary from 6 to 25% by weight of the mixture.
As polyols which may be used in preparing the polymers of the present process are polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polyethers with amine groups at the ends of polycarbonates with terminal hydroxyl groups, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, copolymers of acrylonitrile and butadieya hydroxyl kontsevEmi groups, copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile with terminal amino groups, copolymers of dialkylsiloxanes and alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide, propyleneoxy d, etc., having terminal hydroxyl groups, provided that all the mentioned compounds meet the mentioned criteria with respect to T (5, molecular weight and function
onality Preferably, when all molecular weights of these substances are in the range of from 830 to 6500, and the most preferable option is when the molecular weights of the said polyols lie in the range of from 2000 to 6500, the functionality of these substances does not exceed 6 (preferably in the range of from 2 to 4). .
Examples of simple polyether polyols are polyoxyethylene glycols, polyoxypropylene glycols, random copolymers and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, proxylated tri- and tetraato alcohols, such as glycerin, trimeti olpropane, pentaerythritol, polytetrame



glycol,
statistical copolymers and block copolymers of tetrahydrofu-20 nylcarbonate, or with phosgene.
wound and ethylene oxide and / or propylene - chain extenders used when
oxide, as well as products obtained from any specified compound as a result of reaction with di- and polyfunctional carboxylic acids or their esters. Polyether polyols are statistical and block-copapimers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, having a functionality of 3.0, and polymers on a basis of ittetramethylene glycol, having a Y1 × Ti / functionality greater than 2.0 or equal to 2.0.
Polyether polyols, which can be used as component (b), include products resulting from the polymerization of styrene and / or acrylonitrile in the presence of a corresponding polyether,
As complex ester polyols, products obtained by polymerization of -caprolactone using an initiator chosen among such compounds as ethylene glycol, ethanolamine, etc., as well as products obtained by esterification of phthalic, terephthalic, amber, glutaric, adipic, are used. , azelaic and other similar acids, MHC
goatomic alcohols such as ethylene glycol, butanediol, glycerin, three methylolpropane, 1,2,6-hexaitriol,

cyclohexanedimethanol, etc. The preferred group of polyether compounds is those obtained by esterifying diuretic or trimeric fatty acids mixed
in some cases with monomeric fatty acids, such as oleic acid, relatively long chain aliphatic diols, such as hexane-1,6-diol, and the like.
. As polyethers with terminal amino groups use primary aliphatic di- and tri
polyvinyl propylene glycols and triols.
As polycarbonates containing koyce hydroxyl groups, the products of condensation reactions of diols, such as propane, 3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and the like, are. n., from diaplocarbenata, such as dif

25
thirty
The preparation of the polyurethane compositions of the proposed method are aliphatic diols of normal and branched structure, including cycloaliphatic (alicyclic) diols, containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms in the chain and molecular weight from 62 to 292.
Example I. By mixing different ingredients, a mixture of 38 g (0.0155 g equivalent) of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene triolol (brand SF 6503, molecular weight 3500 6500) 43.2 g (0.95 g equivalent) is prepared. butanediol, 12.48 g (0.24 g equivalent) neopentyl glycol and
1 droplet (0.05 g) surfactant (surfactant with anionic emulsifying properties). This mixture is heated at BC-CU under vacuum (at a residual pressure from
2 to 30 mm Hg) for 2 hours to remove moisture and degass the mixture. Next, the resulting mixture (cooled to 40-60 ° C) is mixed with 152 g (1.22 g of eq & amphilant) of melted 4,4-methylene bis- (phenyliso, cyanate) and one drop (0.05 g) of oktoate divalent tin (50% solution in dioctyl phthalate) and add 0.4 g of antioxidant (Irganox 1010). The mixture thus obtained is immediately subjected to intensive mechanical stirring, which is continued for about 10 s, after which the mixture is poured into a mold having dimensions of 14 x
40
45
55
51
 16,, 3175 CM, preheated to 150-165 ° C. The mold is closed and pressure is applied in the order of 56.2-84.4 kg / cm, which is maintained for 5 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the mold during this period in the indicated range. The obtained molded plate is opaque in appearance and remains so even after it is subjected to further curing for 1 hour. The cured plate is subjected to physical and mechanical tests in order to evaluate the physical properties of the material. The test results are as follows: Izod impact viscosity with a notched sample (1/8 inch cut 0.3175 cm) (ft-lbs / / inch 19.6), (according to ASTM D 256-56); flexural strength (lb./inch 10) 9.9 (which corresponds to 0.0007 kg / cm); flexural modulus (lb / in; 10) 177, according to ASTM D 790), (which corresponds to 0.0125 kg / cm); deformation temperature when heated under load corresponding to 264 pounds / inch 18.6 kg / cm, (C) 85, according to

one time: polymer T is determined by methoASTM D 648; tensile strength up to „differential scanning ka- (lb / in2“ 103) 5.2, modulus of elastometry using contact flex when stretching (lb / in “10) 127, elongation at break (%) 70, according to ASTM D 638-68).
The weight percentage of polyestertriol brand SF 6503 is equal to 15.5%. The NCO / OH index is 1.00.
PRI mme R 2. Using the procedure described in Example 1, and from the following ingredients, a molded polyurethane plate is obtained, which is subjected to physico-mechanical tests.
35
40
using a DuPont model 990 test instrument and a Model 910 differential scanner calorimeter at a scanning rate of 10 s per minute on a 20 mg polymer sample.
Izod impact viscosity with notched specimen (in ft-lbs / inch): with 1.8 inches (0.3175 cm) cut 15.8; with on, 1.4 inch (0.635 cm) 12 cres; flexural strength (lb / d) 10.4; flexural modulus (lb / in) c10) 205.
Table
Liquid 4,4-methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate)
(equivalent weight
 143)
Ethylene glycol Diethylene glycol
Continuation of table 1
Ingredient
Amount used
weight.%
g equivalents
fO
Polyethertriol (SF6503), 50 0.023
Dilaurate dibutyltin, 1 g
The NCO / OH index (i.e., the ratio of the number of equivalents of isocyanate groups in the reaction system to the total number of equivalents of hydroxyl groups in this case is 0 ,.
The content of residues of polyether triol SF 6503 in the final product is 16.2 wt.%. The properties of the polyurethane sample with an opaque appearance after curing in accordance with the procedure similar to Example 1 are as follows: Polymer T is determined by differential scanning calorimetry using a differential scanning calorimeter using a cont5
0
five
0
five
using a DuPont model 990 test instrument and a Model 910 differential scanner calorimeter at a scanning rate of 10 s per minute on a 20 mg polymer sample.
Izod impact viscosity with notched specimen (in ft-lbs / inch): with 1.8 inches (0.3175 cm) cut 15.8; with on, 1.4 inch (0.635 cm) 12 cres; flexural strength (lb / d) 10.4; flexural modulus (lb / in) c10) 205.
Heat distortion temperature under load corresponding to 264 lb / in) (in ° C) 93; glass transition temperature (T) (in C) 120; tensile strength (pounds / inch xY) 5.6; tensile modulus (lbs / dyme 10) 138; relative elongation. at break (%) 120.
EXAMPLE 3: Using the reagents used in Example 2, except that the diisocyanate is replaced with an equivalent amount of one of four different isocyanates. 712977338
comrades - (isocyanate mixtures) are prepared for tanium, analogs for example T. The index of the molded specimens of the chain thermo NCO / OH in all cases x 0.99: reactive polyurethanes. Each ob-: 1.0. The content of the units of the polyester sample is cured and subjected to vstriol (in wt.%) In the final samples to the external physico-mechanical test 5 is reflected in Table. 2
Polyiz ocianate
GA G to GSSU D
C faces
The content of links polyetherdiol (wt.%) 16,2 16,2 16,2 16,9
Izod impact viscosity with notched specimen (1/8 inch notch) (foot-pound / inch)
Heat distortion temperature, (C)
Polyisocyanate
Strength and Stretch (lb / dY)
Tensile modulus (lb / in. U) 106
Relative elongation at break,%
A mixture of 95 weight.h. liquid eotskapata according to examples 2 and 5, weight, h. polymethylene polyphenyl polyido d-adanate (equivalent weight 133; average functionality 2,3).
The mixture corresponding to the data in table. 2, but containing increased to 10 parts by weight. the amount of iolimethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and reduced to 90 weight.h. liquid isocyanate used in example 2.
The mixture is similar to that given in table. 2, but containing up to 20 parts by weight. the amount of imethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and reduced to 80 weight.h. the amount of liquid isocyanate in example 2.
Liquid isotope (equivalent weight 184) obtained by reacting 4,4-methylene-bis- (phenylisocyanate) with insignificant amounts of low glycol glycols.
Y d
itsa
2-11, 4 9.0 6.63 13.4
93 I
89
98 85
6.3 5.4 5.0 5.1
96.4 94 118
110 60
50 120
PRI me R 4. It was carried out analogously to example 2, but increasing the amount of ethylene needle to 34.62 g (1.12 of an equivalent), reducing the amount of diethylene glycol to 14.82 g (0.28 equivalent) and by increasing the amount of polyether triol to 50 g (0.023 equivalents), an opaque molded sample is obtained, which, after injection molding (casting under pressure) at t78 C for 5 min under a pressure of 900 psi (63.3 kg / cm) and its thermal curing at 1 h, the following parameters were obtained: JUSTICE 1: electro-mechanical characteristics: Izod impact viscosity (1/8 d yma) (in ft-lb / / inch) 12.6; flexural strength (lb / dkyY 10) 9.7; flexural modulus (psi) 195; heat distortion temperature under load equal to 264 Pounds / inch (in C) 97; tensile strength (lb / in l 10) 6.0; tensile modulus (lb / in 10) 119; elongation at break (%) 80.
The content of the polyether triol units in the poly- ethane obtained in this example is 16.7 wt.%.
EXAMPLE 5 Anaether polyol was performed and the resulting mixture was dried and degassed by heating in vacuum at a residual pressure of 2 to 30 mm Hg) at 80-100 ° C for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was not cooled. , quickly mixed with molten diisocyanate, 1 drop (0.05 g) of divalent octoate olological example of Example 1, but increasing the amount (ov (50% solution in neo-pentyl glycol dioctyl acidity to 20.8 g lat), which is added after
diisocyanate and the mixture is vigorously stirred using mechanical
(0.40 equivalents) and by reducing the amount of I, 4-butanediol to 36.02 g (0.80 equivalents), non-mixers are obtained or by vigorously sharpening polyurethane molded 15 hivani manually within 5-30 seconds
a sample that, after injection molding (casting under pressure) at ISO-ieS C and a pressure of 800-1200 psi (56.2-84.4 kg / cm) for 5 minutes and subsequent post-curing for 1 hour at the following physicomechanical characteristics were obtained; Izod impact viscosity (1/8 inch notch) (the footpath then quickly poured it into an open tray (tray), lined from the inside with teflon and located at 20-25 C. subjected to drying in dehydrating conditions (in a vacuum desiccator or drying oven) Then from the obtained polymers otflunt / inch) 20.6; durability at iegi-25 is carried out by a method of an injection molding press (pound / inch 10) 9,8; flexural modulus (lb / di4m ий 10) 176; heat distortion temperature under load of 264 psi (dc) 80; tensile strength (pounds / inch xY) 5.5; tensile modulus (lb / daimy) 105; relative elongation at break (%) 81.
neither (pouring under pressure) polyurethane plates, keeping to the following mode: the temperature of the extruder shield is 210-243 ° C; , the temperature of the molding process is 36.7 to 65, the duration of the whole molding cycle is 30-60 s,
Various polysgretans obtained
Thus, after the molding of polyester links (rtriol 35 is transparent by external vvdu. Physics of the samples of this example on the mechanical properties of the obtained area y1 tane - 15.4 wt.% .. ,, raetsov are shown in Table. 3, where the indicator is 6. Starting from 4,4-meb-1bn-bis- (phenyl-isocyanate) and chain extenders and polyols, which are used in each case, are also distributed.
NGNT to glybine jodings, in which chain extenders are used (in equivalents per equivalent of diisocyanate) and proportions in which polyols are introduced into the reaction (in weight percents based on the finished cat 45 polyurethane).
A series of thermoplastic polyurethanes is obtained using chains of polyether polyols and using the following procedure. One or more glycol chain extenders are mixed with polyether polyol and the mixture is subjected to drying and degassing by heating in vacuum at a residual pressure of 2 to 30 mm Hg) at 80-100 ° C for 2 hours. The resulting mixture is not cooled quickly. mixed with molten diisocyanate, 1 drop (0.05 g) of an ovoate of a divalent mixer, or vigorously inserted and then quickly poured into an open pan (tray), lined from the inside with teflon and kept at 20-25 C. When the mixture hardens, it is mechanically crushed into pieces and subjected to drying under dehydration conditions (in a vacuum desiccator or drying oven). Then, polyurethane plates are formed from the obtained polymers by injection molding (injection molding) of the following mode: the extruder shield temperature is 210-243 C; , the molding temperature is from 26.7 to 65, the duration of the entire molding cycle is 30-60 s,
Various polysgretans obtained
transparent on the outer vvdu. Physical and mechanical properties of the obtained samples are shown in Table. 3, which also indicates chain extenders and polyols, which are used in each case, the proportions in which the chain extenders are used (in equivalents per equivalent of diisocyanate) and the proportions in which the polyols are introduced into the reaction (in weight percent calculated on the finished cat nechny polyurethane).
.Table 3
II
See here. BD-1,4-buta Dio; DPC - dioropipeiglosis; NPC - its type; PERQ - n, 2-hydroxyeth l) n1dr01iv; CTDM - |, 4-chiklogv1ss "1 hectare net; VO - 1,6-hexamd1yul} TPG - triprotte glycFa: GEO-trne etaleglyxl; IG - “to be coded; IST - temperat) F of heat defsmyuuga (C) j Tg - tvlirature of glass and n STD).
Identification by words, mentioned in table. 3: T 2000 — polytetramethyne glycol, male caloric {1I weight equal to 2000 SF 6503 — polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene triol, molecular mass 6500; T 1340 - polytetramethiephenol, modeled weight t340j T 1500 - polymethylene glycol, molecules of weight 1500; 55-37 - polenoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycol, the molecules have a weight of 4000. Identity of the molecular molecule 55 lir chain extenders used in experiments No. 6-16, 6-17 and 6-18 (see table 3): Did A - equivalent weight diol
1297733
12
Continuation of table. 3
123.5 and obtained by the esterification of adipic acid with 1,4-Shch {clohexandehyde methanol; Diol B is an ester diode, having an ash molecular weight of 119.5 and resulting from a transesterification reaction between 1.4-1 and 10% hexane and dimethyl azelaic ester; Diol C is an ester diol having a molecular weight of 146 and obtained as a result of a peresterification reaction (ester exchange) between 1-4-diclohexandimetanol and dimethyl ester of azelaic acid.
Example. Analogously to Example 6, a series of thermoplastic polyurethanes are obtained, the samples of which are subjected to molding; by injection molding to obtain plates for physical and mechanical tests. Thus, the polyurethanes obtained are opaque in appearance and retain their opacity in pro-7-1 HD: 0.97 7-2 BUT: 0.96
1.02 II-27t6 23.812.5 299YA.T. 91 N.T.
1.02 T-1000
tvio1: 6 23.69 12.4 305N.T. K.T. N.T.
BD: 0.79 NPC: 0.2
BO: 0.79; NPG: 0,2
t 02 55-37: 15.6 17
1.02 MDS 0509:.
: 15,5.5
Note. NIAX 11-27 lodoxyxyethyls-full oxo-propnlenglycol, molecular weight 6000; MDS 0509 polyoxyethylene-polyoxyclic acid glycol, 1I molecules of 4200 {4480-22 polyoxyethylene-polyoxeneglycol, molecular weight 3700j I, HT 28 polyoxyproiyltryol, molecular weight 6000; T 1000 Triol triol, contents simple n sposnoefenrin connection and grouping (equivalent weight 1010), obtained by esterification of a triplech anhydride polytetra by methylene glycol T 1000 (mol. Weight 1000) in a solution of xylene, followed by distillation of the solvent.
Example Similar to some tests. Received polyuret
6 get a number of thermoplastic poly-ny looking opaque on the outside
urethanes, applying a mixture of two different-40 and preserve the opacity in
polymer polyols and only one molding process - casting under
low molecular weight extender by centrifugal pressure. In tab. 5 shows
pi Samples of each of the received, casanadies used
polyurethanes are molded chain extenders and polyols. AT
by the method of injection molding (casting 45 as a diisocyanate component under pressure) and solidification with a target in all cases using the preparation of test plates for pro-4-4-methylene-bis (phenolisation of the necessary physicomechanical,
Injection molding process. In tab. Figure 4 shows the data on cations of low molecular weight chain extenders and polyols that are used to make these polyurethanes. In all cases, 4,4-methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) in wt.% Was used as the diisocyanate component,
Table
299Я.Т. 91 N.T.
305N.T. K.T. N.T.
23681114 N.T.
32080 8.1
N.T.N.T.
N.T.N.T.
N.T.V.T.
301156
Note. E 2105 is poloxyethiene polybxypropylene glycol, molecular weight 2000; PCP 2000 - polycaprolactondiop; molecules of weight 2000; S 102-55 sang (butyleadipiat) ,. molecular weight 2000; S 102-135 - by and (butyl-h-1); molecular weight 830.
EXAMPLE 9 Thermoplastic polyurethane is obtained in accordance with the proposed method in heat treatment under wet and dry conditions.
Polyurethane is prepared similarly to Example 6, but the reaction is carried out in a continuous & m method using the 45 Werner-Pf extruder mixer, continuously extruding the target polymer in the form of a bundle of threads and then cutting them into granules. Certain portions of these granules are subjected to injection molding 1. under pressure at the temperature of the extruder cylinder 218 ,, using a mold with a size of 15.24 g7; 6 0,3 0.32 cm and a screw press. The various 55 samples obtained are exposed to factors such as the retention when heated in a humid and dry atmosphere,
Table 5
30t
75
78
297
70
84
298
80
93
320
83
94
375
76
N.T.
323
102
101
264
65
 N.T.
each time, the Izod impact strength of the sample is measured (with a notch) and the results obtained are compared with the values measured by 1I immediately before performing the corresponding treatment.
The following are the various reagents that are used in preparing the samples of polyurethanes tested in this example, indicating the quantities in which they are introduced into the reaction, in equivalents: 4,4-methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) 1.02; 1,4-butan diol 0.74; neopentyl glycol 0.25; T 2000 7.5 wt.% Calculated on the total amount of all reagents.
The results obtained in this series of experiments are summarized in Table. 6
17
Just molded sample
Boiling treatment
water for 24 hours
Wet in the wet
atmosphere at 75,
within 8 days
Vyderzhka in the atmosphere
dry air at
115 C for 16 h
thirty
40
Example 10. Thermofrequency polyurethane is obtained, starting from an aromatic diisocyanate, which is a mixture of equal amounts of 4,4-methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) and methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) containing 80% by weight of 4,4-isomer and 20 weight L 2,4-isomer. The following proportions (in equivalents) of this and other reagents are introduced into the reaction: aromatic isocyanate 1.02; 1,4-butanediol 0.9; neopentyl glycol 0,1; ioliol T 2000 8.5 wt.% (% by weight of the final product).
The resulting polyurethane is opaque. The specimens for the physicomechanical tests are cast similarly to Example 6. The prepared samples show sp & fusion mechanical and physical properties: Izod impact viscosity with a 1/8 inch notch {ft-lb / / inch) 11.5; flexural strength (lb / in "103) 14.7; flexural modulus (lbs / inch - “W) 366; heat distortion temperature (s) under load 264 psi 90; glass transition temperature (T), {° C) 96..
Example 11: A thermo-5 plastic polyurethane is obtained using 4,4-methylene bis (phenyl lysocyanate), polyester-triol SF 6503 and a low molecular weight diol chain extender.
45
50
1297733
T a
18
faces
16.4
17
0
five
five
0
the reaction is carried out in the following manner. A mixture of 432.63 g (3 mol) of 1.4-1 Shchlohexane dimethanol, 114.4 g (1 mol) of Å -caprolactone and 15 ml of toluene is loaded into the reaction apparatus and heated to with stirring under argon atmosphere, after which epatyre for 45 minutes to remove water from the water by distilling off its azeotrope with toluene using a Stlank-given nozzle. To the mixture thus obtained was added 0.08 g (3 drops) of divalent octoate of divalent tin, after which the noBtmaKft reaction mixture was heated to 190-195 seconds and peeled off for 6 hours. Examination of samples, sampling {) at a time during the reaction at certain intervals of time, by means of a scanning spectroscopy showed that already after 2 hours, caprolacton ceased to be detected in the reaction mixture. After this period, the resulting mixture is heated at tOO C under vacuum for 2.5 hours to remove toluene and then allowed to cool to 20-25 C. As a result, an adduct having an equivalent weight of 91.1 is obtained.
This polyurethane is obtained using the following proportions of reagents: 0.975 equivalents of the described adduct, 1 equivalent of diisocyanate and 6 wt.% (Based on the cystMap amount of reagents) of SF 6503 polyol. Synthesis is carried out in the same way as in Example 6. Polymer molding is carried out under pressure. Molded polyurethane plates are opaque in appearance and show a shock Izod profile (with a 1/8 inch cut) of 19.2 foot-pounds / inch.
Example 12. Using the same reagents as described in example 6 (see experiment No. 6-14), but replacing the used polyol SF 6503 with a series of different polyols, a series of thermoplastic polyurethanes is obtained. For test note. 1-polybutadiene with terminal hydroxyl groups, an equivalent weight of 1370; 2 - conaCtwiep of dimethyl siloxane and ethylene oxide, names of terminal hydroxyl groups, equivalent weight 1200; 3 - poly (butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer with terminal amino groups, equivalent weight 900; 4 - poly (butadiene. Acrylic nitroylphenE) copolymer with terminal hydroxyl groups, equivalent weight 1700; 5 - polypropylene oxide with terminal amino groups, equivalent weight 1000; 6 - polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycol, equivalent weight 2000 (styrene-acrylonitrile inoculation).
The research institutes of various elastomers are cast standard plates by injection molding.
In tab. Figure 7 shows the polyols, the amounts in which they are introduced into the reaction are indicated, and the values of the impact strength in Izod for the products obtained are given. Hexane-1,6-diol (in all cases) is used as a low molecular weight chain extender, and 4,4-methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) is used as a diisocyanate in the proportions shown in Table 1, 4 (see experiment number 6-14). All polyurethane products obtained are opaque in appearance.
Table 7
21129773322

权利要求:
Claims (1)
[1]
The invention claims the flexural elasticity of high
impact toughness and high temperature. A method of producing polyurethanes by thermal deformation, as a result of the interaction of the organic ve of a polyol, compounds
a polyisocyanate with a mixture of polyol and 5 molecular weights from 830 to 6500, a chain extender with a ratio of a as the chain extension - a diol of NCO / LF groups equal to from 0.9: 1.0 to or a mixture of diols of molecular weight 1.2: 1.0, respectively, tol and - from 62 to 292, and the synthesis is carried out by the fact that, with a view to a polyol content of from 6 to 25%
obtaining polyurethane with high molecular weight;

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FI70236C|1986-09-15|

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法律状态:

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

---

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