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    • 专利摘要:
    1485812 Slow release fertilizers CHISSOASAHI FERTILIZER CO Ltd 29 Nov 1974 [28 Dec 1973] 51769/74 Heading C1B Fertilizer granules are rendered slow release by spraying them with a hot solution of a thermoplastic resin in a hydrocarbon or chlorinated hydrocarbon, and simultaneously drying with hot air, the solution at the spraying temperature having a viscosity of 40 cp or less and forming a gel at lower temperatures, the drying air having a velocity of at least 15 m./sec. and temperature to maintain the granules at 40-90‹ C. The solvent may contain an additive to modify the dissolution rate of the granules, e.g. an oleophilic surfactant, or a wax or resin having a higher moisture permeability then the main resin.
    公开号:SU1241984A3
    申请号:SU742090578
    申请日:1974-12-27
    公开日:1986-06-30
    发明作者:Фудзита Тосио；Такахаси Чиго；Осима Масанари；Усиода Цукезо；Симизу Хирозо
    申请人:Чиссоасахи Фертилайзер Ко,Лтд (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    i12
    This invention relates to the ciiocccy of producing a slow-acting I pa-fertilized fertilizer with a thermoplastic resin yield.
    The aim of the invention is to simplify the process, reducing the loss of granularity and the possibility of reducing
    Vani dissolution rate Hii raT6:, Tnj-elements,
    According to the proposed method for coating, resin solutions obtained from such a combination of resin and solvent are used which are in a state of solution at a constant temperature, but when cooled, this solution precipitates from it into a precipitate. This gel, for example, 5, can be used a solution consisting of isioleesh and a solvent that uses a hydrocarbon: an oil compound or a chlorinated hydrocarbon compound. This type of solution is completely unacceptable for the coating of fertilizer granules, since it leads to precipitation of wastes, as a result of which the resin component does not form a gel on the surface of part 5 and therefore 5 and the film during
    However, when covering kaedyu about. - a separate granule is carried out by BopOMj having a gelatinous gel, which has the property of coating, as a result of cooling (such solution is called hereafter gel-forming solution), no sticking of particles is observed. or agglomeration, which is the precursor of this method,
    In the process of coating granular fertilizers, the fertilizer parts are mixed in a rotary drum, vat or other equipment by fluidizing in a nsvodozhn - layer and to them the expanded coating material is added. When using the dilution solution: en. the coating material is a liquid substance and the surface of the granules is cured under the effect of cooling.
    is a hot stream, with the entire solution concentrated, which is accompanied by an increase in npujnii.iaPI and agglomeration.
    When using a gel-forming solution, the gel formation temperature with increasing concentration
    1934
    p ;;. with:. }; or; 1 increases., and the formation of a letter ie: ii is always np (, 1 there is a subdecision. MO from TeMtiepai ypbi, and the film coating in this case is not obsnechi5 BA article-with the total drying. Capsules., ps / The results of total suction are porous Tj.:e varieties of resin containing a certain amount of solvent, in conjunction with iO and with -leM, it is impossible to prevent the fertilizer from becoming dispersed even with an increase. of the quantity of the material that comes up. .. "If the granulation becomes granulated and; 1 stained, then sticking one, G, the peel is separated due to yeni granules each other
    In the village of Gus on the edge of the grain :; nosredstomom oir; 1zu 11th go gel solution; :; s gnazazazlsh z.t: 5 accompanying
    Y5 ozdels 11-shm phases ,, occurs for bes-KCi e aio: ma.)) Th time, Zero drying. done: gnally 3 within this infinite field of about a period of time, then ch: 1y fertilizers can be made; kansu.Shz with an impermeable homogeneous member, with low moisture permeability. In this case, it may be BM: T) :: tolu1 ;: we are granular convenient fi p. with uaynpe uibiM coating without c.i :: Eneology ,:
    time, there is no agglomeration, and :: vjecne4Hj3acTCf coverage of each branch; th grain; hum: s fertilizers, which is achieved by calculating the addition of the solution
    :.:.: - ol'15 of a highly developed 1:. to gel formation during sprinkling - oairsu-i it On fertilizer granules, C; p:) then 1iac temperature of the sprayed iiacTEOpa is maintained for not much how about 1:; at that time, separation occurs and;); ; 1h zoz; 1st states. In addition, u.kaza other granules are dried after a day at a high flow rate.
    - g Ur :: nm air that is continuous; at the same time, it is delivered accurately to:; ... ;;; one hundred sprays of the resin solution. . Hcdrg solution sm: w without disintegration. Non-phase states of spraying of Negus; rarely on the upper HocTJj g: 1 eanul fertilizer being treated and about, 1, but it was clearly possible;
    the granules are supplied with a high velocity stream of hot drying air, and there should be no time discrepancy between the moment of spraying and the moment when hot air enters the place of spraying of the resin solution on the surface of the granules.
    The conditions affecting the production process of the coated granular fertilizers according to the proposed method are determined by the values of the feed rate of hot air to the spraying solution and the temperature of the treated granules. The flow of hot air must be supplied at a speed of 5 m / s and more, preferably 15 m / s and more, to a place or zone where fertilizer granules are sprayed with inoculated solutions. The higher the rate at which the drying air enters the spray area of the resin solution, the higher the result. The optimal temperature of the treated granules is determined by the properties of the solution used for this purpose. When solutions are prepared for coating fertilizer granules by dissolving polyoliphins or polyvinylidenechloride in hydrocarbon or chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents that easily form a gel and are most preferred for practical use in the proposed method, the temperature of the granules is in the range of 40-90 ° C, preferably 60–7 ° C. If the temperature of the treated granules decreases to values less than 30–40 ° C, then, despite the formation of a gel, obtaining a dense oh, transparent coating film is not possible. When the boiling point of the solvent is 60–80 ° above the gel temperature of this solution, it is necessary that the temperature of the treated fertilizer granules is maintained in a range of temperatures that are 10-30 ° C higher than the gel formation temperature. However, when the temperature of the solvent point of reference and the temperature of formation of this gel solution are close in value, it is preferable to maintain a lower temperature of the treated fertilizer granules.
    When testing the proposed method, the equipment is used.
    419844
    comprising a main drying part intended for instantaneous growth}, and additional drying part in which 5 a certain amount of the remaining solvent is removed. Since the drying of the treated granules is carried out in the main drying part to such an extent that 10 thereafter no further separation into phase states occurs, in the additional drying part it is not necessary to create any harsh conditions, such as, for example, supply of hot air.
    If the proposed method uses a pseudochondral layer (the preferred flow rate of hot air flow is 20–15 m / s or more, is the only possible for relatively large pastel granules in the case of using a pseudo-liquid layer), and a sustainable process in practice is - 25) it is difficult) and the solution is sprayed on the upper surface of the pseudo-liquid layer, the upper part of the pseudo-liquid layer itself functions as the main drying part. At the same time, it is necessary that surface was instantaneous. If the solution is added only to a part of the upper surface, then this area becomes the main drying part, and the remaining drying parts act as an additional drying part. However, this method of drying is not very effective. If the resin solution is introduced through an opening formed in any part of the plate with a plurality of holes through which hot air flows at high speed and creates a forced circulation of the pseudo-liquid layer, or if the resin solution is fed through the central open part of the jet column, If there are no punched holes in the slab through which a stream of hot air is supplied for drying, the main drying part is formed in the longitudinal direction of such a moving phase of the granules.
    5 Because of this, the flow of hot air coming in for high speed pouring should be concentrated on the main dryer.
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    The zone in which the resin section is to be supplied to the K jetting machine is subject to restrictive requirements with respect to the diameter of the niliidric section of the layer, the diameter of the inlet gas nozzle intended to form the jet, the diameter of the granules, the density of the granules, the amount of flowing liquid, and tchd.
    It is sufficient if the flow velocity is 15–40 m / s and with a velocity of hot air passes through the main drying 4acT: i- dd fertilizer granules with a size of 2-5 W in the jet unit “If in the specified device subject to the conditions given, a solution of a polyolefin or similar compound is processed. in tetrachlorethylene3, which easily forms a gelatinous gel, then evaporation of 300-400 g of solvent per 1 kg of air is provided, therefore, subsequent operation of the system is unnecessary (suppression due to reduced speed. According to the proposed method, you can choose The effects of various resins and solvents on condition 5 that they retain the property of forming gels. However, if the coating of the fertilizer granules is maintained too high during the coating operation of the fertilizer, this leads to thermal destruction of the fertilizer; his ko; - pyu not On the other hand, fusing the resin to the fertilizer resin. On the other hand;., the temperature of the processed granules is maintained too low, this leads to an excessive increase in coating time and wasteful dissolution with a lower temperature. Thus, if the fertilizer granules contain a compound that is unstable to heat, setting a lower temperature is undesirable, it is recommended that you use a gel-forming solution, which is coated with and, in this case, during the operation of the coating in the range of 40-90 ° C, preferably 60-80 ° C. Therefore, as a gel-forming solution, you need to choose a solution, the gel formation temperature of which is 30 seconds or higher. For example, or % solution of resin and solvent, temp. boiling point and which is in the range of 90-150 ° C. Solutions with a gel formation temperature lower than 30 ° C are useful for use when implementing11; and the proposed method, since: leads to a.gloms; pa; 1ik gra zero during the coating operation, and the use of solution 1-T (; l with a lower boiling point, which is lower than the temperature of the phase separation, is not very good, as well. : preparation of this can not be done when
    atmospheric yes: solution 5 a dissolution,;: k) L}; sho produced at an elevated ;;:; a; slen.nNo. I JLKHI - in a manner preferred - :: e.i.fbHb- M in ;. e 1:; the use of solvent, temg (9) boiling point of the above-mentioned darkness of the division into (Phase conditions by 20 ° C or more, and is preferably higher than 40 ° C or 6 O.1%), However, if the boiling point; dissolve too high then
    er; effective solution preparation is not possible. At the same time, the rate of isgreni decreases, which prevents: 1o..guarding of the gel film coating on l; ..; g.olzsva.i of the previous method.
    EXAMPLE 1 (reference) Application of coating with a solution of polyethylene: ia in accordance with a known drying method,.
    3 KG granules of San Nitro V (complex fertilizer containing nitpat to potassium phosphate and ammonium, ,, O 5: 15, 12, dimensions 3-4 mm,. And the preparation is poured by the combination of Asahi. Kogayo Kaisha J, Japan) placed
    30 cm in diameter (Atpin for sugar coating), allowing to these granules was added 5% but by weight of the solution of polyethylene No. 6545 (Ml 45) (KDS trade mark 5; kta5 manufactured by the association. Asahi Dow Co., Ltd. / Yapoki) in tetrachlorethylene, the temgerator of which was maintained equal to PO C; by spraying
    with two liquid nozzles
    (irie using spray guns spraying;: ti). The tank rotated at a speed of 10 rpm5 while the temperature of the granules iodder was equal to the given TetmepaT Tie by means of a stream of hot air supplied at a speed of 3 m / min., Applying the coating: 1:
    different temperature conditions, ie, the temperature was maintained in the intervals of 40-50, 60-70, - 70-80 and SO-go C, respectively. In the process of preparing 6.6 kg of solution (this solution contained 0.33 kg of polyethylene), the latter was dried by means of hot air, while. This solution was added when the temperature reached the upper value of the specified temperature range. The addition of the solution was stopped when the temperature decreased to its lower value.
    The granules thus treated increased in weight by 0.3 kg.
    During this treatment, no agglomeration {,, and granules were observed due to their sticking to each other, each of the obtained granules being enclosed in a capsule. The granules thus treated were glossless, white clouding, fragile and did not preserve the film. In addition, the treated granules were soaked with water, the amount of which was 20 times the weight of the granules themselves. Thereafter, this product was kept at 25 ° C for 24 hours in order to establish the percentage of nitrogen that dissolved, which was 98%. As a result, the practical effectiveness of enclosing the granules has been lost.
    A similar experiment was repeated with trichlorethylene, xylene and toluene, which resulted in similar results. At a temperature of granules above 100 ° C, the sticking of granules into capsules was not ensured due to the sticking of the resin. As the speed of rotation increased to 30 rpm, the moment of movement of the granules increased, which led to the disruption of the capsules already adhered to the granules and the granules were not enclosed in capsules. Similar results were obtained when conducting research with other types of polyethylene, such as M-6520, M-7620 and M-2270 (trade names for products manufactured by combining Asahi Dow Co., Ltd., Japan) with polyethylene having a low molecular weight. , for example, with San Vaks 161-P (trademark of the product manufactured by Sanayo Kasei Co., Ltd., Japan, mol. weight
    5000), and with low molecular weight polypropylene, for example, with a potent weight. Viskol 550-P (trade mark of the product, manufactured by Sa nio Kasei Co., Ltd., average mole, weight 4000), In accordance with the results of the process of enclosing the granules in capsules using a polyolefin solution, that during Q processing time no agglomeration of the granules was observed. This allowed for the conclusion of the capsules of each individual granules. However, the capsules obtained according to this example, 5 led to a phase separation, which did not allow to obtain a film. Thus, in this example, the practical effectiveness of putting pellets in capsules was also not achieved.
     Example 2 (reference). Coating using a rotating pseudo-fluid layer.
    Example 1 indicates that no agglomeration of granules was observed during treatment 5, but there was a separation into phase states during gel formation, as a result of which, as indicated above, it was impossible to ensure practical effectiveness in confining the granules capsules.
    Since the condition of drying the granules is uncertain when using a spinner of a tank or a rotating drum, the coating process was performed using a rotating pseudo-liquid layer in a device containing a rotating plate with many holes. In this installation, the plate with the hole pattern and the inner wall of the column were covered with Teflon film. The coating process was carried out
    five
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    when hitting the granules by rotating the plate at a speed of 200 rpm. The granules were dried using hot air coming through a plate with many holes, with
    this was simultaneously added a solution of polyolefin through a nozzle (a pulvelizer could be used), the solution supply line was covered with insulation, the temperature did not decrease
    10 C or more relative to the boiling point of the solvent in the region of the nozzle. By spraying at a speed of 150 g / min to the specified 2 1 I rotate 912
    shim pseudo-oxygen 1M granules was added, a percentage by weight, polyethylene thief M 6545 (trademark of a product manufactured by Asahi Dow Co., Ltd., MI45) in tetrachloroethylene at. three different combinations of the spatial velocity of the hot air flowing through the nest of the holes in the PLATE into the pseudo-liquid layer., t, e, with a speed of 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 M / Cj, and with five different temperature values, t, e, at 50, 60, 70, 80 and the temperature of hot air for sewing in this case was set to 3 4 C higher than the temperature of the gang, and it changed depending on the amount of hot air and the temperature of the granules. The solution was fed for 55 minutes, after which the treated granules were kept for 10 minutes. Then, a coated granular fertilizer was extracted, the percentage of which contained a coat of coating in which was 10% by weight.
    Coated granular fertilizer, obtained in accordance with the specified processing5 not obr. gelatinous gel by phase separation, as in Example 1., 06pc. Some of the protruding portions of the capsules were ripped off due to a curved two. Thus, when supplying hot air with a spatial velocity of 2 m / s, it is not possible to obtain capsules with a uniform film. The percentage of nitrogen released was determined 5 as in Example 1. After 24 hours, the percentage of nitrogen released was 90–98%, therefore; in this case also, the efficiency of achieving the ratio of fertilizer into capsules was not achieved.
    In addition, when using, as in Example 1, the difference is that the niole of Finov (with the exception of amorphous full propylene) and various solvents, similar results were obtained. Thus, with a spatial propagation velocity of less than 2 m / s, it is impossible to obtain a coated granulated fertilizer with replacement; it is impossible to release it, the agglomeration of the granules caused by general adhesion5 is unnoticed.
    410
    MHR measure 3. The coating of amorphous-1 polypropylene using a rotating pseudo-liquid layer.
     The solution obtained by dissolving amorphous polypropylene, obtained by B as a by-product in the production of polypropylene resin, with an average mole weight of 65,000, contains phagdium, ethyl by weight; and (product manufactured by combining Chisso Petrochemical Co., Japan), in tetrahrystylen, 10 times more than the amount of amorphs — JiOi o Dulipropylene — was sprayed on n; 1 San Nitro No. 1 granules, which were rotated and flooded. as G example 2: at a speed of 130 g / min for 34 min. As a result, the 1st product was studied with a percentage content of a coating of 10%, for which r; a measurement of the amount of 1 free)% nitrogen in 24 h , as in example 1 “The results obtained are given in Table 1.
    As can be seen from the table 1, the case of using:; a. Morphic polypropylene film coating is more perfect when compared with the case of the use of a pogiztype; efficacy of encapsulated lt 3 capsules. w was obtained by us-. SOUTH II HIGH; uB1Ivani 5 formed at a propagation velocity of 2 m / s (at the same time as granules: with 50-80 С), was the limit near this s111
    Example 4, Coating with a 1M pseudo-liquid layer,
    For the purpose of increasing the velocity of the air; I rotated the plate, with a lot of holes, was made with a common plate with a lot of holes punched in it (diameter of holes, 3 mm, distance between holes 5 mm), arranged in such a way that they form a rectangular triangle, in order to form a conventional pseudo-liquid layer 4 lg of fertilizer granules, as in example 1, were set in motion by means of a stream of hot feed for the purpose of drying, while the spatial distribution of air in The fluidized bed was 5 m / s. A nozzle with one expansion hole (diameter of the hole OjG I-JM), by means of which BO3Mo; KHO dry the spray
    The angle of 6U to the surface of the upper part of the fluidized bed was set in such a position that spraying of the polyolefin solution can be performed immediately over the entire surface of the pseudo-liquid layer. Thus, a solution of the polyOlefin in the dissolved state at a rate of 300 g / min was applied to the coating. If the temperature of the hot air under the slab with a plurality of holes was set to about
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    10 C above the temperature of the granules, the temperature of the hot air was compared with the temperature of the granules. In addition, the temperature of the exhaust gas becomes almost equal to the temperature of the granules.
    A 5% w / w solution of polyethylene (a product made by combining Asahi Dow) in tetrachloroethylene, used in Example 1, was fed for 34 minutes, then dried for 10 minutes. As a result, a product was obtained with a coating percentage of 10% (see table 2).
    In the study of other types of polyethylene (M-6520 and M-7620, both products are made by combining Asahi Dow), similar results were obtained. As a result of using this method, sprayed liquid droplets are firmly attached to the fertilizer granules. The polyolefin powder, from which the solvent was evaporated, flowed with the exhausted gas in the mixture in a significant amount. In addition, a large amount of this powder was deposited on the installation equipment, which ultimately reduced the effectiveness of the coating. Since unfavorable conditions were created in equipment of this type, reducing the efficiency of the whole process, further studies were continued using a device in which the central part of the multi-part plate, punched holes were opened to allow the fluidized bed to change to form a pseudo-liquid with forced circulation , while in the central part of the resulting hole was installed nozzle.
    4198412
    Example 5: Coating using a pseudo-adhering layer by force.
    A plate with a set of punched holes, used in example 4 (hole diameter 3 msh, distance between holes 4.5 mm, hole arrangement - rectangular-i triangle, hole ratio
    10 0.1448), was replaced by a plate with a lot of punched holes, having a hole in the central part with a diameter of 40 mm (hole diameter 3 mm, the distance between the holes
    15 4 M2-i), in which a nozzle with one sprayer is installed (hole diameter 0.6 mm, spray angle 45). The amount of hot air supplied was regulated in a tac-5 manner,
    20 so that the rate of its propagation inside the column is 5 m / s, the solution of polyethylene is fed for 27 minutes in order to apply as in the example of the coating.
    25 The results are shown in Table 2.
    The flow rate through the central hole in the slab with a lot of pierced air holes, the passage E1, through the fluidized bed, in example 5 cannot be measured, but it must be greater than the average propagation velocity in the column, and its value may be inaccurate. The reason due to which the greater efficiency of using this device has been achieved is in the higher speed of the said stream of hot air supplied to dry the target product.
    Thus, when applying a coating with a polyphenyl solution, even in the case when the hot drying air is consumed in the same amount as in Example 4, the required result can be obtained if the incoming hot air is concentrated on the part where this solution is fed. In addition, due to the installation of the nozzle in the lower part of this device, the adhesion efficiency of the coating increased,
     Example 6: Coating using an ink jet unit having a jet column guide.
    thirty
    40
    45
    50
    When using KVI mills with a pseudo-liquid layer, in the event of a further increase in the flow rate, the blowing of the granules becomes sharp: this does not allow the formation of a blasted scum layer at a rate greater than the final one. Accordingly, if it is necessary to increase the flow rate for rpanyji of the same size, it is necessary to use a sub-layer. Thus, the coating was carried out using an ink jet unit having an ink jet guide column
    4 kg of granulated fertilizer j used for Example 1 was
    loaded with simultaneous skip- f
    The flow of hot air through the inside of this cylinder is flowing through the canal. The fertilizer granules were carried away and peremerzlis in the upper part of this device with a stream of hot air and during this operation - they were coated on the coating. As they left the cylinder, the speed became less than the final speed, and the granules fell to the side of this device. The fallen granules formed a fixed bed, slowly moving downwards, from which the moving layer was newly formed; which moved upwards. The amount of hot air supplied was regulated so that the flow rate inside the cylinder was 15 m / s (7.5) or 30 m / s (15). In addition, the temperature of the granules in the solid phase was supported. It was equal to the preset temperature during the subsequent intake of the solution through a nozzle with one sprayer (hole diameter 0.60 mm). The solution was supplied at a speed of 150 r / tsHii for 55 minutes at an air intake rate of 5 m / s and at a speed of 300 g / min for 27 minutes at an air flow rate of 30 m / s. As a result, a coated fertilizer containing 10% by weight of polyethylene was obtained. The temperature of the rasas used to dry the treatment of the 1F1X fertilizer granules must be set to 10 ° C in the temperature of the granules, but since it varies with room temperature, humidity and other factors, in each case its value should be specified
    0 s
    S
    The experiment was carried out with the dissolution of polyethylene 6545, the product was combined in Asahi Dow) in tetrachloroethnlen to form a solution with a concentration of 5% for the dog, and gave a temperature of: Its loss through the nozzle in the same condition of the solution, which was in all previous I lUK examples. The percentage of nitrogen release due to the dissolution of this product (in x е-25 at 25 ° C) is given in Table 3.
    Thus, it has been established that a three-part capsule can be obtained by cutting it further to increase its speed -: from the hot air supplied for drying,
    Group 7, Coating with Isolation of a Jet Installation
    As in Example 6, inside the case y:, a cylindrical tube was installed for the exploration, with a pseudo-fluid layer, the relationship between the speed of the hot air flow and the resulting efficiency of the cutting process of the fertilizer granule capsules. ti:, i,: So, in practice, to use such a pipe, it was later removed, and at the top of the cogging device for the formation of a sound and pseudo-liquid layer a single nozzle with a spray gun was installed.
    A drip of hot water, tsukha for sys- 1.;:; P: ani g :: odava, .chs with a speed of 4 m- / min; 3, the device was loaded with 5 kg of granulated, indicated-) in example 1, , fertilizer, after which a jet was formed. At the same time, a solution of polyethylene was supplied through a medium nozzle (produced by dissolving pro, and, ukta M 6545 combining, ee-xi Dsu in tetrachlorethylene, the amount of xydol is 20 times the amount of polyethylene by weight ) to carry out the operation of the operation “flow rate” through the gas column was about 15-20 m / c (measured with a PSMO ;; 1 {and Pitot tube). Under such conditions, this solution was injected at a rate of 500 g / min. The temperature of hot air coming in and sui: ivani 5 was maintained at a higher temperature of the granules. When observed 1-: and the specified conditions began 15
    with a coating process. During this operation, the set temperature was controlled. The solution was fed for 20 minutes, after which a granular fertilizer was obtained with a percentage of 10%,
    The amount of nitrogen dissolved in 24 hours, expressed as a percentage, is given in Table 4. During the experiment, no noticeable effect of pellet temperature was observed.
    As can be seen from Table 4, a higher effect in the implementation of the pooch process can be obtained at a higher flow rate of hot air.
    Example 8, Effect on a polyethylene type coating process. The device of Example 7 was loaded with 5 kg of granulated fertilizer, as in Example 1. This fertilizer was treated with a strong stream of hot air, the flow rate of which was 4. After the temperature of the granules reached, various solutions of polyethylene were introduced within 10 minutes at a rate of 500 g / min. Under these conditions, it is necessary to carry out a certain degree of regulation in order to maintain the temperature of the stream of drying air about so as to maintain the temperature of the granules during the coating operation about. The products did not clump together, and the coating operation itself was satisfactory. After 24 hours, the percentage dissolution of the fertilizer component in water was measured for the obtained coated granular fertilizers. According to the obtained results, it follows that due to M.1 no changes occurred, but greater efficiency of the coating process was obtained. When using a resin with a higher density
    PRI me R 9. Simultaneous use of waxes. By providing the same conditions that were created for the jet layer described in Example 8, the effect of adding waxes was observed. The granular comfort, the amount of air, the rate of supply of the solution, and the temperature regime were the same as in Example 8,
    41984
    These wapes and the results are shown in Table 5.
    The process property and the effect 5 treatment were increased by the addition of a waxy substance. Example 10: Temperature and processing efficiency. When receiving a capsule that is not associated with any kind of split, phase 1 in the polyolefin solution, the flow rate of hot air and the temperature of the pellets are of paramount importance.
    1.5. The effect of temperature is illustrated by examples.
    Under the same conditions as in Example 8, the coating of the core was applied using fertilizer 20 as in Example I n 5% by weight of a solution of polyethylene (M 6545 Asahi Dow, MI45) in tetrachlorethylene, the temperature of the granules was maintained equal, reduced to 25 tabl. b, in order to ensure the production of coated products. The percentage dissolution of nitrogen after 24 hours and the appearance of the products are listed in Table 6.
    As B1CHPO from table 6, more perfect granules can be obtained at a temperature of granules or higher, further increasing the flow rate to 3 m / s results in a product with the same qualities and at a temperature of 40 ° C. obtaining a gelatinous capsule does not seem to be possible; pz-due to separation into phase states.
    However, it is not recommended to increase the temperature of the granules to very high values, for example more. because it leads to the formation of lumps due to sleep. At the same time, this temperature is from one type of resin in the bridge.
    Example: Coating with use of h.p1 propylene.
    Despite the fact that polypropylene is poorly solution e s, it may be unspol. More resinous resin is called: - - a molecule with a weight of weight, It is possible to form capsules in the form of a capsule, although sometimes it is necessary to have a cap value of 11 in relation to the concentration of the solution,
    5 kg of granulated fertilizer, as in Example 1, were loaded into the device used for the experiment of Example 7, after
    le. which the stream was formed by passing through a flow rate of 5, as in the example of the temperature of the granules, a resin solution was added at a rate of 500 g / min in order to obtain a product whose coating percentage was 4%, tetrachlorethylene was used as solvent, 3 resin used: The concentration, the percentage content of noKpbSTHH, the addition time of the solution and the effect of the coating will be given in Table 7,
    Polypropipep can be processed in the same way as polyethylene. In addition, when using polypropyl with a higher molecular weight and concurrent lump formation of 2-3 granules, the problem of lump formation can be solved by adding other types of S Haripii waxes with a low molecular weight wax j of hydrogenated oil, etc. . If necessary, remove chinronilen | They are mixed with polyethylene in the right-angle ratio and used for
    lei covered
    Example 12, Solvent and Coating.
    Solvents can be used as solvents, for example, 5 benzene, toluene, Kci-r lol, etc. To and chlorinated hydrocarbons, for example, tetrachloroethane, tri-chloroethylene, etc., as well as solvents that have an analogue physical properties with a solution, and so on .--: the same kinen point. Thus, the example confirms the possibility of using the five types of solvents used during the coating process.
    The granulated fertilizer coating was carried out using: polyethylene M7620 / Mo1.20 (manufactured by Asahi Dow) under the same conditions as in 8 ". The resin was dissolved in the solvents used in Table 7 to prepare a solution with a concentration of 3% by weight, which was then supplied for 10 minutes at a rate of 500 g / min. As a result, the coating of granulated fertilizer j was obtained. The permeability of which was 3%. During this operation, the temperature of the stream is hot; its air is controlled in such a way that




    Pronent rast: O1) nitrogen for nitrogen in the water for the resulting Euidum example i-i)) iTbix fertilizer, shown in,
    From the report of this table.8 d, UET. C) about any of the used ones), 1as 1 vor el. It facilitates the production of 1: one significant degree of 1 covered with G1 :: aiocated about fertilizer:,.
    PRI and ep i3. Processing temperature and phase separation during the use of amorphous polypropylene. : i For the resulting coated product, hyuleetllen, used in example 3., s-r-; eii; eH amorphic poly (poly) used in example 3., 0 ionv4f: H Jb e results are given
    13 tabloe,
     sggu, ae use amorphous. hipp Oppleia division into phase s :) then ni5h it is difficult even for 1UU: smart}: Shenpi temperature to iHSi 3): -: a little less than. However, if the tempo becomes too low, then ia6ji; c ;; asTCfi is separated by a phase of the situation. etc ; as in the case of use, lith1-: flax.
    Example 14 The effect of treating g using an amorphous polyprog - - lena. on the credit method.
    In: 3р.зш, аюшес; from the device for-;: psiNeI:; 1krg -and 3 kg .4J were loaded, and the fertilizer was the same as Tiinaj in example 1, then 1olipropi. Malen in xylene with a concentration of 10% by weight, was D zzav.pepp to granular fertilizer with 18 mixing using bullets:; . During this period, the production of ii-ici, Vishuva, the solution of this solution with a hot air current, while maintaining the surface of the granules, was equal to 70-80 C. For this:; morphic polypropylene; - .Ij08 kg of KCi-LJioria, which made it possible to obtain 3.20 kg of coated fertilizer,
    After that, an experiment was carried out on the proposed method.
    Using the device described in Example 7, 5 kg indicated fertilizer 19
    They were treated with a stream of hot air, due to the arrival of which a pseudojet layer was formed at a speed of 4, and a solution of amorphous polypropylene in xylene was added to this granulation during 4 minutes, the flow rate of which was 500 g / min. As a result, | 5.2 kg of coated granular fertilizer was obtained. During this process, the temperature of the granules was maintained at 70 ° C, and the temperature of the hot air was approximately 115 ° C. Then, the percentage of water dissolved in nitrogen was measured.
    Comparison of the percentage of nitrogen dissolved in water (at) is given in Table 10.
    As can be seen from Table 10, the known method is less effective because; when it is used, an undesirable separation into phase states of the resulting gel occurs, which is not observed when a film is formed according to the proposed method, since in this case a transparent uniform film is obtained, there is no separation into phase states.
    Example 15. An experiment on an existing industrial plant.
    In a pseudo jet column (column diameter 500 mm, taper angle 50, jet hole diameter 100 mm), hot air heated to 120 ° C was jetted through a layer of granular fertilizer loaded into it in an amount of 50 kg, the type of which as in example 1, Then for 15 minutes a nozzle with a single spray gun (2 mm hole diameter) installed in the conical part of the device with a pseudo-jet layer, at a flow rate of 3.5 kg / min, a solution was supplied with a concentration of 3% by weight of polyethylene resin ( supplier of Asahi Dow Co., M-7620) in tetrachloroethylene, whose temperature was maintained at 100 ° C. At the end of the loading, the hot air was switched to cold, the cooling time was 5 minutes. As a result, 51.5 kg of coated granulated fertilizer was obtained. Tem4198420
    The output of the granules during the intake of the solution, as well as the TeNmepaTypa at the outlet was maintained at 60 ° C. The release of nitrogen from the coated granulated fertilizer for 24 hours when exposed to water was 0.5%. By implementing this method in an enlarged device, a high processing efficiency is achieved.
    Example 16. Granule size and percentage of coating.
    Granular fertilizer was manufactured with dp of various 15 granule sizes, as in example 1, at intervals of time for supplying solution a under the same conditions as in example 15. This was done to study the treatment efficiency of the coating.
    The results are shown in Table 11. The type of resin, solvent and solution concentration used in performing this experiment are the same as in Example 15.
    The coating process carried out in accordance with the proposed method is carried out using granules with various sizes for coating, while on an industrial scale granules with larger sizes are more preferable, since this provides a large coating effect even when Coverage percentage is low.
    Example 17. Experiments using gel-forming resins.
    40 besides polyolefin.
    In the device according to Example 7, out of 5 kg of loaded granular fertilizer, as in Example 1, a pseudojet layer was formed with a stream of hot air, the flow rate of which was equal to 4. After the temperature of the granules reached 60 s, the gel-forming solutions given in Table 12 were applied for 10 min.
    50 at a flow rate of 500 g / min. As a result, granulated fertilizers were obtained, the percentage of which is indicated in Table 12. Under these conditions, the temperature of the hot air forming the jet layer was maintained at 90 ° C, and the temperature of the granules was 60 ° C. The percent dissolution of nitrogen and the degree of ag21
    scrubber and granules so; Ke led,:} tabl with 1 2,.
    As follows from this example; ; {;. carrying the coating could be; This was done with the use of other forms of their gel solutions by small j; acTEcr pa niolephia–
    With the implementation of vlenin 3Kcriepiii-eH i ;; i:; the temperature of the dried hot air, 5 the formation, its pseudo-circle and / lA layer, was maintained at 5.5 ° C, and the solution feed rate was reduced to 250 g / min (the solution was fed; for 20 min); rjja zero, which allowed osuschestat15-ggess cess cover rranuvat tat aemogo fertilizer. When using resins containing 15% by weight or more of a cherry cake, in all cases the properties to form a gel were not found. 1 At the time of coating the process took place:;: dsha agglomeration of granules, which i / pviBO - was in violation of the jet syllable and made it impossible for each individual gratry to go through the market; pomojiee povs;); -: nosno-active venkst 1,) 1 .g ;;); gini ways; for example no.riKB uuuv. denchlord5 is preferable 7ol; h.g: finami.
    Regulation npo; j, eirra solution; :: ki nitrogen ,,
    Covered with granule lr onvnense fertilizer ;; The design was made according to vipi-i Meijy:. with the exception of the fact that in this case: pac iBop Aslt-ethylene resin was used, containing O L /, non-surfactant (octoxyethylene kio:
    phenylether Cd H., g (O - (S., I, O / n;)
    in relation to the weight of sm; .:; / found in solution5 After this, b: .g / were carried out on the pit: fertilizer component in water dp. the product thus obtained for the purpose of determining the percentage. ar r sj; rhenium nitrogen.
    The proposed method is: if it is combined with a TBCUS: - by the method, in accordance with i; which is regulated.% paci Boi u-; The bridge is carried out: by way of a Bedeen-surfactant or some other similar substance in the composition of the coating,.
      ; And H 4 /./.
    CpaEni-rra, 4.b i;) - jfj example: Apply a coating 7 s. : Byzan rast - it's time nlistprol,
    process nansennch, ana. .g: eichichn 1Y liV jjNicviy 7, was condemned
     with pacTBop HMoi i in pacTiiopirrejie and the region (1 :: oh iodostoykostyostyo ;, B-A, -c gnos 1: j,: - ;; KV ; -ilh: ((; r; d: from -dd, r; ij: i is formed) 1 Sevdo - .. (L1 th and isoTOKOK layer of mountains 1: o.) ear, t:; ::; - :: :::: iar opoj o sos aut-l;
    /; ,
    - 1 t. :: After all, mpevatu- :: to mouth1:; c. ;; y to given O meaning;: n -,:. i i-:: 4 D ::; -. H: Jl-U OTOB.4 eHHilO pPO J: 0; - -oj; :. :: (- v H. 30 (; l / h long.: - Ill-lostmstk;:. I;; o ;;, -.::;-i;i g / m::.:.:. :.::: ss ::} p.: enta ;; spol. -f..h /ii.uc o 6/9 (out of 1: chg ozl e-; nd: - ---: - y ..; iO ;: that Lsahi ou; that og-an: with av / -; o: with :: about;) and z-iony; oi- CTi-rt) o-; d nme; .i / i ::: l COSN IS ELNO low mo; 4v;:; pHbr: i ii С „In КГ / ФСТСв / а С Т В ВО pH J..:. ::.; С;, 1О, _____________________ TSZLuo :. VGO KS j.iHj .: ovat1l bätl prn1 from the left of the vegetation; (:: ko:., E; T1 by radium 5, 2 and 1%, Za-:, v: -i irodes;: wasp; D) s / O l 80 C 5 aglo.1era;.; ia gras. UO- .ioiirvepju ;,) B hecheg-p E g-i-i.
     d ::;, coto the CTByioinsrc solution on ™ d, i: / iioCb lseldo / krplania „that ln a; ; . h g; - ozhios 1 1: obrazav.nk; t capsules,
    J a.i- T: M. p oez latte loo y-y-y. ianusich; / env.p them with isiol-vl: kzez rsmd-sru resin ,, on ;: hell / noshey
     JOyyji i yOTiOiiblO 1; ODOSTOYKOST1 11
    yy | -:::; uur) U1 (1SUU-1 in dstvori gsle. I make a decision .h) .Y1Omera;, g; guoapu.ch, moreover, in the case of iyo D; 11eiene: i-hn for such a process ;;;: ag1a1uschegu) From 6aiyg6aira t ranula type:; ltg outweighed mass. In addition - O. in the treatment for the deposition of: U uokryui y used pseudo-ui, ;;; . (Szuolo alo) 4e:) adi gramme iT / ie.ifa m (; C: uo with additional tacos:,: ic- isoi-a.; moles;; then KspyiuajiO vsev: i: oyy : tKeyi.iiK layer, TsKin-s oOrazom, i; o: l; 1 x C. The process of concluding grades - aguls turned out to be ships), and which does not allow the coated granules to stick together.
    To obtain the desired products in the device according to example 7, a pseudojet layer was formed from a 5 kg granulated fertilizer according to example 1 with a stream of hot air supplied at a flow rate
    m
    / min
    and after the temperature of the granules reached 60 ° C, solutions of the polymers indicated in Table 13 were introduced at a rate of 500 g / min for 10 minutes. Under these conditions, the temperature of the supplied hot air was maintained equal, while the temperature of the granules was maintained at 60 ° C,
    The results of measuring the percent solubility of nitrogen and the degree of agglomeration of the granules are given in Table 13.
    Simultaneous use of non-tar resins can be carried out at the absence of a tendency to agglomerate, and when using polystyrene, the resulting product has a higher permeability to moisture than polyolefin, and the rate of nitrogen dissolution is higher compared to the product that has a coating of 2
    It consists of polyolefin only. Therefore, this method is suitable for controlling the rate of dissolution.
    The effectiveness of the present invention is the ability to control the rate of dissolution of this product. In accordance with known methods, such as a multiple coating method based on the use of thermosetting resin, or a method of covering a swamp, the rate of release of the fertilizer component is controlled by forming pores in the coating of granules at the time of manufacturing or by destroying sulfur by soil microorganisms. According to the proposed method, the dissolution control is carried out using a practically insoluble coating of granular fertilizers with a very thin film in the first stage and the addition of an additive of a certain type, for example by adding hydrophilic substances to the coating films in order to ensure an arbitrary dissolution rate.
    G a b l and c a 1
    Improved to some extent film
    The protruding portions of the capsules are not stripped off; some gloss is observed.
    13.5 Missing Speakers
    parts, there is a gloss, transparent
    10.4 Missing Speakers
    parts, there is a gloss, transparent
    11.3 No protrusion of protruding parts., There is a glance, transparent
    12,5Tit
    note Resin used. - M-7620,
    the union of Asahi Dow. Polyethylene wax, as in example 8o Amorphous polypropylene; The average mol. weight 20,000, ethylene content 3.5%, is made by combining Chisso Petrochemicle KO. The solvent is tetrachlorethylene.

    Table about

    one,
    2J 30
    75
    Table 5
    Transparent and homogeneous capsule



    Sh
    /four
    (20)
    4% (4)
    4% (8)
    Trademark of a product manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei K, K. 5 Mitsui Kagaku KL. and Sumktomo Kagaku RS.K ,, Japan,
    Dissolution of nitrogen after 24 h,%
    Benzene1 "4
    Toluene 0,9
    Xylene152
    Trichlorethylene0,8
    Tetrachlorethylene 0,4
    Table 7
    Lumps of 2-3 granules were formed in a small amount in c; mixtures
    10.4%
    No blocks
    No blocks
    T a blitz 8
    Property to handle physical properties
    Ke 1 observed differences when using any of these solvents; high property to process
    Tempera-Gravotura grains Appearance
    zero, with nitrogen
    through
    24 h,%
    50 2.8 Transparent, uniform,
    bright deep
    40,
    30 25 Transparent, uniform,
    weak head
    25 30 Opaque, dull-white, t without gloss i Table 10
    Method of treatment - Dissolution,%, for the days of treatment
    1 15.110 20 30 i, 60 |. 90
    Known 12.6 17.8 27.9 38.5 44.3: 60.4 71.0. Offered - 2.4 3.9 5.0. 10.1 19.1 22.3 24.4
    T a b. l and c a 11
    Size Time Soder-Solvent-granule feed rhenium
    nitrogen-coated solution
    ra, min ti,% water through
    24 h,%
    about
    5-6
    4-5
    3-4
    2-3

    3.0
    2.1
    3.0
    2.4
    3.0
    . 4.2
    3
    4.2
    0.1 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.2 4.3 0.4
    33
    1241984
     Polymer poly- Tetravinylidenechloro-chloro ethylene
    EXAMPLE Polymer Vinylides-Mn-Glidera Saran Ural (Form
    films) 5 the product of the Asahi ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (A) contains 5 wt ;,% viniladetate, manufactured by the Asahi Kasai Kog Ayo K &K; ethylene-vin-acetate copolymer (B) contains 10% by weight of viniladetat, is isolated by combining Asahi Kasei Ksglyo K & K,
    T a b l and c a
    3i Table
    0.2
    Good
    Agglomeration of granules; no fluidization
    Good
    kolky granules, but coating prozopsho
    Note. Polystyrene - trade mark Stilon 679, which was created by the union of Asahi Dow, Japan; low density polyolefin (M-7620), manufactured by Asahi Dow, Japan.
    zero coating impossible
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. METHOD OF OBTAINING SLOW-AVAILABLE GRANULAR FERTILIZER by applying a thermoplastic resin coating on the surface of the latter, distinguishing ”
    In order to simplify the process, reduce the caking of the granules and control the dissolution rate of nutrients, a resin selected from the group including polyolefins, a copolymer of ethylene with vinyl acetate, is used as a thermoplastic resin. 5 wt.% and polyvinylidene chloride, which is pre-dissolved in a hydrocarbon or chlorinated hydrocarbon selected from 4 groups including toluene, xylene, trichlorethylene or tetrachlorethylene to achieve a viscosity of the resulting mass of not more than 40 cP, and the coating is applied to the granules by spraying followed instant drying in a stream of hot air delivered at a speed of 15–30 m; in 1s.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spraying is carried out in the presence of additives selected from the group comprising polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, hydrogenated oil, amorphous polypropylene, polystyrene or an oleophilic surfactant.
    81) <„> 1241984
    >
    (I
    one
    1241984:
    2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2461668B2|1978-04-13|
    US4019890A|1977-04-26|
    DE2461668A1|1975-07-03|
    FR2255962B1|1978-05-05|
    JPS5099858A|1975-08-07|
    GB1485812A|1977-09-14|
    FR2255962A1|1975-07-25|
    DE2461668C3|1979-01-25|
    IT1027748B|1978-12-20|
    JPS543104B2|1979-02-17|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP14472473A|JPS543104B2|1973-12-28|1973-12-28|
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