• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Abstract A method and an apparatus for scarification of soil and planting of tree seedlings,and a soil scarification and planting machine for planting of tree seedlings. Theapparatus for the scarification of soil and planting of tree seedlings comprises aframe structure (10, 11, 12) and a combined scarification and planting head (101),which is movable by means of the frame structure for forming a planting spot in theground and for planting a tree seedling into the formed planting spot, and a firstend of the frame structure (11) is connected to the scarification and planting headand a second end (12) is attachable to the work machine (1), and the apparatuscomprises: at least one scarification and planting head (101) mounted on theframe structure (10, 11, 12); and control means of the horizontal position (102,103), which are configured, during the substantially continuous movement of thework machine (1) along the ground: to regulate the distance of the scarificationand planting head from the work machine and to hold the scarification and planting head substantially horizontally in place relative to the ground during planting. (Fig for publication 1a)
    公开号:SE539694C2
    申请号:SE1451190
    申请日:2013-03-14
    公开日:2017-10-31
    发明作者:Peltonen Mika；Lautala Aki
    申请人:Tamfore Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to mechanized soil scarification and planting of treeseedlings. The invention relates to a method, an apparatus, and a soil scarificationand planting machine for planting of seedlings. The invention relates, particularlybut not exclusively, to an apparatus to be mounted on a forvvarder, agricultural tractor, or similar work machine to scarify the soil and plant seedlings.
    BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION The decrease in the inflation-adjusted prices of timber that began in the 1980s,and the simultaneous increase in forest management costs, have reduced therelative profitability of forestry. At both national and international levels, variousobjectives have been set to enhance the profitability of forestry and to encourageforest owners to better manage their forests. The most important means ofachieving these ends is to enhance the cost-efficiency of forest management.What is crucial here is the mechanized planting of tree seedlings and thesubsequent increases in productivity. Demand for mechanized planting is alsoincreased through the objectives and obligations that follow from national andinternational climate and energy policies, in particular those aimed at increasingthe use of woodchip-fuelled bioenergy. These policies are rapidly altering theoperating environment of reforestation. The most visible change is the increasedtendency towards collection of biomass, i.e. branches, treetops and stumps, inplanting sites for use in energy production. This new situation allows for easierimplementation of continuous and automated soil scarification and integratedmechanized planting. The objectives and obligations of the climate policy relatingto the utilization of forests in fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide support increases in the volume of forests and forest farming in the future.
    Nowadays, tree seedlings are increasingly often planted mechanically duringreforestation. Prior to the actual planting of tree seedlings, the soil of the intended planting area must be carefully scarified. This enables the seedlings to be plantedin a way that is maximally efficient for forest management purposes. The aim ofthe scarification is to improve the moisture and temperature conditions of the soil,and to reduce the damage caused to the planted tree seedling by surroundingvegetation. The seedlings shall be planted upright and at the desired depth inuneven terrain also. To ensure quick rooting and stronger growth, the soil aroundthe seedling must be compacted in a suitable manner after planting. lt isrecommended that automatics and sensors be used to determine the soilproperties and to establish a suitable planting spot. During planting, preparationsshould be made for the transportation and dosing of irrigation water, fertilizers, andplant protection products. ln prior art solutions, the inefficiency and ensuing high price of the operations areproblematic. For example, planting equipment may be connected to the boom ofan excavator, which the operator of the excavator controls from the cabin. Theseedlings are planted one or two at a time in planting spots chosen by theoperator. Furthermore, the known planting machines prepare the chosen plantingspot by scarifying the soil with different devices before the seedling is set in placeand the soil compacted around it. This is completed by machine, under the controlof the excavator operator. The soil is scarified and the tree seedling planted usingthe movement range of the boom. The excavator remains stationary throughoutthe entire process. The automated work phase of the known solutions is theplanting cycle that follows the scarification. Studies show that the maximum workefficiency attainable with these methods and equipment is 300 seedlings an hour,because most of the working time is spent preparing the planting spot, positioningthe planting head, manually loading the seedlings into the seedling cassette in theplanting head, and moving the excavator from place to place. Known solutions aredescribed in publications Fl119315B, U20020340, CA2281161, US4067268,US2004/0050310, and EP0205412.
    An object of the invention is to establish a method and an apparatus forcontinuous and automated planting of tree seedlings. A particular object of theinvention is to facilitate a continued movement of the fon/varder or other work machine during scarification or planting.
    SUMMARY According to the invention there is provided a method according to claim 1, anapparatus according to claim 4, and a soil scarification and planting machine according to claim According to a first example aspect of the invention, there is provided a method forscarification of soil and planting of tree seedlings by at least one apparatusconnected to a work machine which apparatus comprises a frame structure and atleast one combined scarification and planting head mounted on the framestructure for forming a planting spot in the soil and for planting a seedling in theformed planting spot, and the method comprises: - progressing by the work machine substantially continuously along the ground,and performing with at least one apparatus and at least one scarification andplanting head steps: - pressing the scarification and planting head against the ground at a first distancefrom a previous planting spot or from the work machine for forming a new plantingspot; - locking the scarification and planting head substantially horizontally in relative tothe ground; - compacting the planting spot with the scarification and planting head; - planting the tree seedling in the formed planting spot with the scarification andplanting head; - lifting the scarification and planting head from the ground; and - unlocking the scarification and planting head.
    Preferably returning the scarification and planting head to a return position fromthe planting spot after unlocking the scarification and planting head.
    Preferably loading a new seedling automatically into the scarification and plantinghead from a seedling transportation system comprised by the work machine (1) orfrom seedling trays transported on the work machine or from other seedlingtransportation and packaging solutions for a next planting cycle.
    According to a second example aspect of the invention there is provided anapparatus for soil scarification and planting of tree seedlings which apparatuscomprises a frame structure and combined scarification and planting head which ismovable by the frame structure for forming a planting spot in the ground and forplanting a seedling in the formed planting spot, and a first end of the framestructure is attached in connection with the scarification and planting head and asecond end is attachable on the work machine, and the apparatus comprises:- at least one scarification and planting head mounted to the frame structure; and- horizontal position control means which are configured, during substantiallycontinuous progressing of the work machine along the ground, to: - regulate the distance of the scarification and planting head from the work machine; - keep the scarification and planting head in place substantially horizontally relative to the ground during planting.
    Preferably the horizontal position control means are further configured to returnthe scarification and planting head from the planting spot to a return position after unlocking the scarification and planting head.
    Preferably the apparatus comprises vertical position control means of thescarification and planting head, and the frame structure comprises a frame towhich are connected the vertical position control means and the horizontal position control means.
    Preferably the horizontal position control means comprise distance regulatingmeans to control the distance between the scarification and planting head and thework machine and to control velocity of the scarification and planting head relative to the ground.
    Preferably the horizontal position control means comprise turning actuators forturning the frame horizontally relative to the work machine and for positioning the scarification and planting head horizontally relative to the frame.
    Preferably the vertical position control means comprise vertical actuators formoving the frame vertically relative to the work machine and for positioning thescarification and planting head vertically relative to the ground and for compactingthe planting spot.
    Preferably the apparatus comprises a hydraulics system onto which the horizontal position control means and the vertical position control means are connected.
    Preferably the apparatus comprises one or more pressure accumulators which areconnected to the hydraulics system in order to increase vertical and horizontalvelocity of the frame. The accumulators ensure a sufficient supply of hydraulicpower from ancillary equipment, e.g. tractor fon/varders.
    Preferably the apparatus comprises means for positioning the apparatus intransport position for road transportation, preferably the means for positioning theapparatus in transport position for road transportation comprise a vertical actuatorsuch as a hydraulic cylinder.
    According to a third example aspect of the invention there is provided ascarification and planting machine for planting of tree seedlings comprising:- a work machine, and- an apparatus for soil scarification and planting of tree seedlings comprising aframe structure and a combined scarification and planting head which is movableby the frame structure for forming a planting spot in the ground and for planting aseedling in the formed spot, and a first end of the frame structure is mounted inconnection with the scarification and planting head, and a second end is attachedon the work machine, and the apparatus comprises:- at least one scarification and planting head mounted to the frame structure; and- horizontal position control means which are configured, during substantiallycontinuous progressing of the work machine along the ground, to:- regulate the distance of the scarification and planting head from the workmachine;- keep the scarification and planting head in place substantially horizontallyrelative to the ground during planting.
    Preferably the horizontal position control means are further configured to returnthe scarification and planting head from the planting spot to a return position aftera locking of the scarification and planting head is released.
    Where required, water or some other liquid can be sprayed into a planting tube toirrigate the planted seedling, to administer plant protection products or fertilizers,or, in particular, to keep the tube clean. An irrigation tank can be connected to thework machine for this purpose.
    The apparatus may be fitted either to a vehicle such as a work machine or to aremote- or GPS-controlled unmanned unit.
    Preferably the frame structure comprises actuators such as control cylindersfacilitating curvilinear motions of the work machine. ln practice, these actuatorscan be horizontal cylinders of the frame structure and the scarification and plantinghead.
    Preferably the apparatus comprises a combined scarification and planting head forsoil scarification and planting of tree seedlings. Preferably the apparatuscomprises a frame solution that is configured to hold the scarification and plantinghead in place relative to the ground surface or to the planting spot during planting,while the work machine keeps moving without interruption. Preferably theequipment further comprises an automated seedling feed system from e.g. theseedling transportation packaging or seedling storage to the planting tube of thescarification and planting head. Preferably the apparatus also comprises a solutionfor turning (e.g. automatically) the equipment into transport position for road orcarrier transportation. Naturally, instead of using the apparatus to prepare amound the apparatus enables for planting a seedling in a previously preparedmound using the telescopic boom method.
    Preferably the apparatus is mounted on a tractor, in most cases at the rear. Theapparatus may be mounted on other work machines also. The method forscarifying the soil and/or planting tree seedlings can also be implemented using machines that have been specially designed for soil scarification and planting. Theapparatus can be used as a whole as a continuous and automated soilscarification and planting device, or alternatively just as a soil scarification device,wherein the seedlings are planted using a different method. When using theequipment to prepare a continuous scarification trail, it is possible to switch off theproperties (e.g. automatics) that keep the scarification and planting head stationary relative to the ground.
    The method and the equipment allow for the planting of the seedlings in anappropriate manner in varying conditions. Work productivity with the method andequipment according to the invention is estimated to be many times better thanwith the current and prior art planting devices. The increase in productivity incomparison to the mechanized planting tools described previously really comes tothe fore in large planting sites, where there is less need to change the direction ofthe work machine and where the planting area-specific preparation and transfercosts of the apparatus according to the invention and a forvvarder or other work machine relative to area size are low.
    The method and apparatus according to the invention can be used to implemente.g. the work cycle presented below while the machine unit progresses throughthe planting area at an optimized and if applicable, varying speed. At the beginningof the work cycle, the scarification and planting head of the apparatus is near therear of the frame of the forvvarder or other work machine. The apparatus can bemounted at the front of the forwarder or other work machine, which makes it easierfor the operator to follow the automated soil scarification and planting process. lnsome cases, the apparatus may also be mounted on the side of the work machine.When a selected distance between two seedlings to be planted successively isreached, the scarification disc of the scarification and planting head can bepressed automatically into the ground to the desired depth and at the desiredforce. As the machine unit moves along, soil gathers in front of the scarificationdisc, forming a planting spot. A primary scarification method used is spotmounding, but disc trenching, ploughing, or spotting can also be used by adjustingthe design of the scarification head and control parameters. When the desiredvolume of soil has gathered in front of the scarification device, the scarification disc is turned into a compacting position.
    When the compacting position is reached, the planting spot is compacted bypressing it with the scarification disc at optimal force. lf the compacted plantingspot fails to meet the set requirements, scarification is interrupted eitherautomatically or by the operator and the scarification and planting head is returnedto the initial position of the work cycle. The suitability of the planting spot isautomatically assessed by sensors. After the compacting is completed, thescarification and planting head is locked in place to remain in the planting spotwhile the forwarder or other work machine keeps moving without interruption. Tokeep the scarification and planting head in place, the movement of the forvvarderor other work machine can be followed e.g. with a telescopic frame of two or moreparts (Figures 1a and 1b). The fon/varding speed of the forvvarder can be modified as the terrain requires.
    Once the planting head is locked in place at the planting spot, and while theplanting spot is being compacted as the fon/varder or other work machinecontinues moving forvvard, the automated planting of the tree seedling is begun bypressing the planting tube to the selected depth through the hole in thescarification disc at the planting spot. At the same time, the stabilizationmechanism of the scarification and planting head ensures that the planting tuberemains fixed and in a vertical position relative to the ground, wherein also the treeseedling is planted upright. The planting tube can be maintained in a verticalposition either by keeping only the planting tube vertically straight, or alternativelyby keeping both the planting tube and the scarification and planting head straight.lf the planting tube cannot be set all the way to the predetermined depth, plantingwill be terminated and a selected number of new attempts can be made atselected intervals, and if these are also unsuccessful, the work cycle can bestarted over again from the beginning.
    When the planting tube is at the selected depth at the planting spot, the treeseedling can be automatically transferred inside the planting tube. Alternatively, inorder to speed up the process the seedling can be transferred inside the plantingtube beforehand. Next the jaws of the planting tube are opened, and once the seedling is dropped into the planting hole the planting tube is lifted back up. Afterthis, the soil around the seedling is compacted by pressing a compacting head ofthe scarification disc against the ground next to the seedling at the selected forceand to the selected depth. Once the soil has been compacted, the entirescarification and planting head is lifted up to the return position. Once the returnposition is reached, the scarification and planting head mounted at the rear of themachine is returned to its initial position near the forvvarder or other work machinein preparedness for the next work cycle. Alternatively, if the scarification andplanting head is mounted in front of the machine it is returned into the initialposition further away from the fon/varder or other work machine to wait for the nextwork cycle. Before transferring the tree seedling into the planting tube, the treeseedling is transferred automatically from a seedling transportation system of themachine onto a conveyor, and from there further along the scarification andplanting head when the scarification and planting head is at the initial position of the work cycle near the work machine.
    The present invention enables a new method and equipment for soil scarificationand planting of tree seedlings. The method, and the apparatus that facilitates itsuse, are significantly more efficient than the known planting methods in terms ofwork profitability and related costs. For example, at the lowest speed of theforvvarder the method enables a planting speed of 1000 seedlings per hour, whichis estimated to be at least three times the speed achievable with the prior artmethods and equipment. Another benefit of the invention is the adaptability of theequipment as an accessory for use with forvvarders and other work machines. Dueto this feature, the invention enables year-round utilization of expensive forwardersand other work machines, and thus increases the utility ration of these machinesthat helps to enhance the cost-effectiveness of forest harvesting and other work tasks that employ such machinery.
    The invention can also be used to increase job opportunities available for forestmachine operators during summer and therefore improve their year-roundemployment. This is important for keeping and acquiring skilled labour for e.g.mechanized forest work, and also in regard to the operating conditions of the companies that have invested in the machines. The increased work profitability that the present invention makes possible will become further highlighted when theexpected labour shortages within the forestry industry become reality, since thenew planting method and apparatus requires fewer people than the currentsystems. The invention significantly lowers the cost of forestation, which isreflected in the enhanced profitabiiity of forestry and increased volume ofplantation. These benefits can be achieved by virtue of the method and apparatus of the invention, which is characterized by what is stated in the patent claims.
    The apparatus described in this application is primarily but not exclusivelydesigned for use as an accessory for a forvvarder, agricultural tractor, or othersuitable rough-terrain work machine. The apparatus can be mounted in front of orat the rear of the machine unit. lt can be, however, most commonly mounted at the real”.
    Different embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated or have beenillustrated only in connection with some aspects of the invention. A skilled personappreciates that any embodiment of an aspect of the invention may apply to thesame aspect of the invention and other aspects alone or in combination with other embodiments as well.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The invention is described on an exemplary basis with reference to the enclosed schematical drawings: Figure 1a shows a side view and Figure 1b shows a top view of an apparatusaccording to a preferred embodiment of the invention, which apparatus comprisesa telescopic frame; Figure 2 shows controlled movements of an apparatus according to a preferredembodiment of the invention; Figure 3 shows a scarification and planting device according to a preferredembodiment of the invention in a road transportation position folded and lifted ontop of a work machine; Figure 4 shows a scarification and planting device and a seedling feeding 11 arrangement from a seedling transportation system according to a preferredembodiment of the invention; and Figures 5a-5i show an exemplary work cycle of a scarification and plantingmachine according to a preferred embodiment of the invention equipped with atelescopic frame.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION ln the following description, like numbers denote like elements. lt should beappreciated that the illustrated drawings are not entirely in scale, and that thedrawings mainly serve the purpose of illustrating some example embodiments of the invention.
    Figures 1a and 1b illustrate a telescopic frame solution of an apparatus that allowsfor the scarification and planting head to be held horizontally stationary in aposition relative to the ground surface while a forvvarder or agricultural tractorkeeps moving without interruption. The apparatus comprises a telescopic frame100, and a scarification and planting head mounted on the frame 101. A firstillustrated control means of the horizontal position of the apparatus is a first turningactuator, namely a horizontal movement control cylinder 102, which is locatedbetween the scarification and planting head and the frame, and a second controlmeans shown is a second turning actuator, namely a horizontal movement controlcylinder 103 of the telescopic frame for holding the scarification and planting headin place when the movement direction of work machine is changed. A first verticalposition control means illustrated is a first vertical movement control cylinder 104of the scarification and planting head, which is located between the scarificationand planting head and the frame. A second vertical position control meansillustrated is a second vertical movement control cylinder 105 of the telescopicframe, for controlling the vertical movement and positioning the scarification andplanting head relative to the ground and to compact the planting spot when thework machine operates on uneven terrain. The apparatus also comprises aregulation cylinder (not shown in the Figure) for controlling the tilting of thescarification and planting head (planting tube) when upright planting of theseedling requires tilting. Alternatively, the apparatus further comprises a regulation 12 cylinder (in connection with the scarification and planting head) for controlling thetilting of the planting tube (not shown in the Figure).
    With the telescopic frame 100 and the stabilizing mechanism 102, 103, 104, 105for the vertical and horizontal movements described above, the scarification andplanting head 101 can be held in place in a controlled manner relative to theground while the work machine progresses uninterrupted during compacting of theplanting spot, setting of the seedling into the ground and compacting, and lifting upof the scarification and planting head. ln addition, controlling the horizontalmovements allow the direction of scarification to be maintained unchanged duringscarification, even as the work machine changes direction. Control of the verticalmovement allows for the scarification depth be maintained desired although thework machine is fon/varding on uneven terrain. Once the work cycle is completed,the telescopic frame 100, which comprises distance regulation means such as adistance regulation actuator (e.g. a hydraulic cylinder), can be used to return thescarification and planting head to the initial position of the work cycle.
    Figure 2 illustrates control movements of the apparatus. A distance controlmovement 401 illustrates control of the distance of the scarification and plantinghead 101 relative to the work machine. A vertical movement 402 of the frame 100illustrates control of the vertical movement of the frame. A horizontal movement403 of the frame 100 illustrates control of the horizontal movement of the frame. Avertical movement 404 of the scarification and planting head illustrates control ofthe vertical movement of the scarification and planting head. A horizontalmovement 405 of the scarification and planting head illustrates control of thehorizontal movement of the scarification and planting head. A turning movement406 of the scarification and planting head illustrates control of the turningmovement (tilting) of the scarification and planting head. A turning movement 407of a scarification disc 107 of the scarification and planting head illustrates controlof the location and position of the scarification disc. A lifting/lowering movement408 of a planting tube 108 illustrates control of the movements of the plantingtube. A vertical movement of the scarification and planting head 409 shows anexample of the compacting movement of a planting mound with the scarificationdisc 107. A lifting/lowering movement 410 of soil compaction feet 110 illustrate 13 control of the necessary movements for compacting the soil around a plantedseedling. A turning movement 411 of the equipment into transportation positionshows how the movements of the equipment can be controlled during moving the equipment into transportation position.
    Figure 3 i|ustrates the positioning of the machine-mounted apparatus 500 intotransportation position by road so as to comply with the Road Traffic Actregulations. ln the transportation position, the apparatus is positioned in the loadcarrying space of the work machine or at the rear, on a transportation rack locatedon top of a seedling transportation system 501. The apparatus can be lifted on board by means of e.g. the work machine's own loading boom.
    Figure 4 i|ustrates a seedling feeding solution for conveying seedlings from aseedling transportation system of a work machine to the planting tube in thescarification and planting head. Seedlings are transported in the transportationsystem 601 of the work machine, from where they are automatically transferred tothe scarification and planting head 602 one or more seedlings at a time. ln thescarification and planting head, seedlings are automatically transferred into theplanting tube at the right moment. Seedlings can be transferred from thetransportation system of the work machine into the scarification and planting headand further on to the planting tube either one at a time by means of e.g.pressurized air inside the tube 603, a preloaded seedling belt, or a conveyorspecifically constructed in the apparatus for the purpose; or several seedlings at atime by using the equipments planting trays or the seedlings growing trays, fromwhich the seedlings can be removed automatically and transferred to the plantingtube.
    Figures 5a-i illustrate operation of the telescopic boom in accordance with apreferred embodiment of the invention at the various stages by means of a sample work cycle.
    The planting work cycle can be activated when the fon/varder or other workmachine 1 is either stationary or moving. During the work cycle, the forwardingspeed of the work machine can vary or may stop completely. ln error situations the 14 work cycle can be terminated, either automatically or by the operator. Followingthe termination order, the scarification and planting head is returned to the initialposition of the work cycle.
    Figure 5a: ln the initial position of the work cycle, the scarification and plantinghead 101 is near the rear of the working machine. The end of the scarification disc 107 faces the ground.
    Figure 5b: The scarification disc is pressed into the ground to the selected depthusing the selected force.
    Figure 5c: As the work machine moves, soil gathers in front of the scarificationdisc, forming a planting spot 2 such as a mound of soil. lf the planting spot createdduring the process does not meet the set requirements, the planting work cycle can be started afresh from the beginning.
    Figure 5d: When the desired volume of soil has gathered in front of thescarification device, the scarification disc is turned to the compacting position.
    Once in the compacting position, the scarification and planting head is locked intoplace relative to the ground while the work machine continues to move, as theplanting spot is compacted by pressing it with the scarification disc.
    Figure 5e: Once compacting is completed, planting of the seedling is initiated bypressing the planting tube 108 through the scarification disc into the planting spotto the selected depth. At the same time, the stabilization mechanism ensures thatthe planting tube remains fixed and in a vertical position relative to the ground,which ensures that the tree seedling is planted vertically. lf the planting tubecannot be pressed to the required depth, planting will be terminated; a desirednumber of new attempts will then be made at selected distances. lf planting cannot be completed, the work cycle will start again from the beginning.
    Once the planting tube is in the required position, the jaws at the bottom end of theplanting tube are opened and the seedling is dropped automatically through the tube into the planting spot.
    Figure 5f:lifted back to the upper position and the jaws of the planting tube are closed.
    Once the seedling has dropped through the planting tube, the tube is Figure 5g: The success of the planting is then verified by compacting the soilaround the root ball of the tree seedling automatically with soil compaction feet,mounted e.g. on the scarification disc.
    Figure 5h: Once the soil has been compacted, the compaction feet are returnedto the upper position and the scarification and planting head is lifted to the returnposition, the height of which varies according to the terrain. The scarification andplanting head is lifted only as high as is required to ensure that it can be returnedto the initial position without touching the ground or other obstacles.
    Figure 5i: Once the return position of the scarification and planting head isreached, it is returned to the initial position to await the next cycle. The new workcycle is started when the selected distance from the seedling planted during the previous work cycle is reached.
    The method and the apparatus can in some cases be supplemented withattachments for removing twigs in order to make room for a mound. Twigs can becleared from in front of the scarification device e.g. by plough or propeller so asnot to spoil the mound.
    The method and equipment can in some cases be supplemented with attachmentsfor avoiding tree stumps. For example, sensors can be used to detect stumps andstumps can be avoided automatically by the movements of the frame or the boom.
    The above description provides just some illustrative applications of the invention.lt will be apparent to a skilled person that the invention is not limited to the detailsthat have been presented here, but that it can be applied in other ways to reach anequivalent outcome. Some features of the embodiments presented can be utilizedwithout others. 16 As such, the foregoing description shall be considered as merely illustrative ofprinciples of the invention, and not in Iimitation thereof. Hence, the scope of theinvention is only restricted by the appended patent claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1] 1. A method for soil scarification based on spot mounding and for planting of treeseedlings in a spot mound (2) by at least one apparatus joined on a work machine(1) which at least one apparatus is joined on the work machine as a detachableand attachable accessory and comprises a frame structure (10, 11, 12) and atleast one combined scarification and planting head (101) mounted on the framestructure, the method comprising:- forming by the at least one combined scarification and planting head a spotmound (2) in the soil as a planting spot;- planting by the at least one combined scarification and planting head a treeseedling in the formed planting spot; and- progressing by the work machine (1) substantially continuously along the groundduring planting;characterized by:- performing, with least one apparatus comprising- the frame structure (10, 11, 12) comprising a telescopic frame (100); and- horizontal position control means which comprise: a distance regulatingmeans of the telescopic frame to control the distance between thescarification and planting head and the work machine; a first turning actuator(103) for turning the telescopic frame horizontally relative to the workmachine; and a second turning actuator (102) for positioning the scarificationand planting head horizontally relative to the telescopic frame;and with least one scarification and planting head (101) mounted on a firstend (11) of the telescopic frame, steps:- pressing the scarification and planting head against the ground by means ofthe telescopic frame at a first distance from a previous planting spot or fromthe work machine for forming a new planting spot, the distance regulated bythe distance regulating means;sïthe scarification and planting head substantially horizontally in place relative to the ground by the first and second turning actuators and following the work machine by the telescopic frame. ,- compacting the planting spot with the scarification and planting head;- planting the tree seedling in the formed planting spot with the 18 scarification and planting head;- lifting the scarification and planting head from the ground; and - unlocking the scarification and planting head.
    [2] 2. The method according to claim 1, characterised by returning the scarificationand planting head (101) to a return position from the planting spot after unlocking the scarification and planting head.
    [3] 3. The method according to claim 2, characterised by loading a new §;_sj_~;-;§;=___seedlingautomatically into the scarification and planting head (101) from a seedlingtransportation system comprised by the work machine (1) or from seedling trays(601) transported on the work machine or from other seedling transportation and packaging solutions for
    [4] 4. An apparatus for soil scarification based on spot mounding and for planting oftree seedlings in a spot mound (2), which apparatus is joinable on a separate workmachine (1) as a detachable and attachable accessory and comprises a framestructure (10, 11, 12) and a combined scarification and planting head (101) whichis movable by means of the frame structure for forming a planting spot in the ground and for planting a tree seedling in the formed planting spot, (i “i 'I m4- *rt-w i--~"--t-' sitt-u :rt>+~ wa ic- =~"*'-:~>ï^ mr* :w :www w -.-E'e.-~- :vw-EM ~'-.~~:-* :.~~~»~~-: :wa-w- t .I ß tv! lät t»' t I .! ! t s' tvtw ~.\~'\-5~ ~.~' !»~ s\5.»\~'! .I\<'~I t!! t~.~'t~.-! .It tut~.~'t~ _ - I u \ I t t _ t t s' tv _ :å-àu u! t J A ~t<.I I characterized in that the apparatus comprises: - a telescopic frame (100) comprised by the frame structure (10, 11, 12), whichhas, mounted on its first end (11), at least one scarification and planting head(101), and the second end (12) of the telescopic frame is configured___¿:¿;¿____åg§ l»s' w: during continuous progressing of the .»~- “NM ..~.>~-'=.f WN's :än Lim: wuhb. En work machine (1) along the ground, to follow the work machine; and - horizontal position control means which comprise:- a distance regulating means of the telescopic frame to control the distancebetween the scarification and planting head and the work machine;- a first turning actuator (103) for turning the telescopic frame (100)horizontally relative to the work machine; and- a second turning actuator (102) for positioning the scarification and planting 19 head horizontally relative to the telescopic frame; and during the substantially continuous progressing of the work machine (1) along the ground:- the distance regulating means is configured to regulate the distance of thescarification and planting head from the work machine,- the first turning actuator and the second turning actuator are configured tokeep the scarification and planting head in place by the telescopic framesubstantially horizontally relative to the ground during planting.
    [5] 5. The apparatus according to c|aim 4, characterized in that the apparatus .I Ma 4.; N W »_ .q ,. I:.-.§t.~.~~ i ha ~ .a comprises vertical position control means (104, 105) ïšrrç. ' " ,- ,~~ .-- .,~ vi .w .¿ »w š-Eß; .- E .-E .- :x .w .,~É .- ë-v .w ;~~ ¿ ~,. _. Na _ ~ , Sv: :hud-M M k _. .,.-( _.,. _ .wa-rond . s som i »M- ~ ~ f: :::.:“:> f:.~f:~:^.rïzxfztofi the vertical position control means and the horizontal .._.-._._.: ;._. :h .,. _~.,.,=_._._._. ~.1_,.. :'._._..,..,..,. .H4 .-~-\ :då sitàssërš i wii). position control means (102, 103)
    [6] 6. The apparatus according to c|aim 4, characterized in that the distanceregulating means are arranged to control velocity of the scarification and plantinghead (101) relative to the ground.
    [7] 7. The apparatus according to c|aim 5, characterized in that the vertical positioncontrol means comprise vertical actuators (_;1_ft_§_»f§~__,105) for moving the telescopicframe (100) vertically relative to the work machine and for positioning thescarification and planting head vertically relative to the ground for compacting the planting spot.
    [8] 8. The apparatus according to c|aim 5, characterized in that the apparatuscomprises a hydraulics system onto which the horizontal position control means and the vertical position control means are connected.
    [9] 9. The apparatus according to c|aim 8, characterized in that the apparatuscomprises one or more pressure accumulators which are connected to thehydraulics system to increase the vertical and horizontal speed of the telescopic frame.
    [10] 10. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the apparatus comprises means for positioning the apparatus in transport position for road *t *w -~~ šrt- ~'-.~--'~ - -~ ~*- ~* v ~ -' t :N -t~~tiv »fi 4 ~.< t ! ,~ t t trans Ortatiort .~-.-t~".-;,-.«;i-it, t~i-¿ t-t-pwttt-“t ït-v- .-.-§~-§í,--.-t :tv-t .-._~-tt-.-;t«.- Ü 4-p I, - a~ ,-t tc-t-.ß-t “tf 5 äta Slt :tvt-S .Ita ttv! .\.-'tt.t t_«; tr~ »e ~~.:~*,.~t»-t~! ~~.$.v\~ .It t st tc-h ~ ,»~ S5. :- t sE” N “tt ;. - t-i (t w t _-.~;.-A-2 Å »ti A »tt-t t .~ ~'.-_- t» t» . . AL w .q .w Sat _-_.~!;»-.» t .SIM att .:' E »t “I »W-.tt-t .u t attan et_~t_.- t-i t- .-t :.t...~t.-:.~ t.t.-tx.t~t.t:.t_t~a ttmtt-wa: t_t. 'ta t t t- » t-t t.t~.t~~:.- .- , tt: at.a.-t .
    [11] 11. A scarification and planting machine for planting of tree seedlings, comprisinga work machine (1) and an apparatus according to any of ciaims 4 to 10 attached to the work machine.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US20130199807A1|2013-08-08|Tillage System with Interchangeable Modules
    CN105451537A|2016-03-30|Apparatus for planting and treating seedlings of an agricultural plant
    SE539694C2|2017-10-31|Method, apparatus, and soil scarification and planting machine for planting tree seedlings
    KR100872411B1|2008-12-08|Work device for a vinyl house
    US20190327917A1|2019-10-31|Apparatus and method for planting trees
    FI82874C|1991-05-10|FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER MASKINELL PLANTERING, I SYNNERHET PLANTERING AV UNGA TRAED.
    US20190166753A1|2019-06-06|Reconfigurable tillage system
    CN108077016A|2018-05-29|A kind of automatic cultivation device of road landscape trees
    CN105340399B|2017-10-13|Three-dimensional protectiveness no-tillage subsoiling deep placement warkitself formula apparatus for work
    US9301437B1|2016-04-05|Hedge separator and method for using the same
    CN203952224U|2014-11-26|A kind of Shift cylinder drives the Self-walking sprayer with spraying rod of lifting
    JP5935026B2|2016-06-15|Tea seedling plant and tea seedling planting method using the same
    CN105580682A|2016-05-18|Novel technology for transforming low-yield pomegranate orchard
    RU2560187C2|2015-08-20|Method of planting planting material with closed root system with timber harvesting machine
    KR20190047162A|2019-05-08|Multi-function net for weeds prevention and harvest
    RU155474U1|2015-10-10|MACHINE FOR DIGGING OF SEEDLINGS WITH A SOIL
    CN212545259U|2021-02-19|Be applied to different crop intercropping automatically regulated of land for growing field crops and shelter from sprayer
    RU99277U1|2010-11-20|DIGGING MACHINE
    KR102225676B1|2021-03-12|Composite type vinyl-covering apparatus
    KR101920690B1|2018-11-21|Devices for supplying fluids to crops
    US20160305187A1|2016-10-20|Traveling Earth Boring/Driling Device
    CN203952223U|2014-11-26|A kind of spray bar type spraying machine with height position-limit mechanism
    CN112970419B|2022-03-22|Multifunctional operation machine integrating orchard profiling spraying, obstacle avoidance and mowing and operation method
    CZ308903B6|2021-08-18|Growing processor for afforestation
    JP2832733B2|1998-12-09|Gardening multipurpose traveling vehicle and traveling rail support block for the traveling vehicle
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE1451190A1|2014-10-07|
    WO2013135971A1|2013-09-19|
    FI125630B|2015-12-31|
    FI20125287A|2013-09-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4060043A|1974-08-15|1977-11-29|Mo Och Domsjo Ab|Digging and planting machine|
    SE404646B|1975-04-29|1978-10-23|Mo Och Domsjoe Ab|PLANTING MACHINE|
    NO155951C|1985-02-18|1987-07-01|Ole Chr Heum|DEVICE FOR PLANT APPLIANCES, PRESENTATION FOR FORESTRY PLANTING|
    SE508317C2|1997-01-22|1998-09-21|Roy Eriksson|Forest rejuvenation method and apparatus wherein the area is scanned and appropriate planting sowing sites are evaluated|
    US6615753B1|1999-06-22|2003-09-09|Northwest Revegetation|Expandable stinger planter|
    CA2281161A1|1999-08-27|2001-02-27|Yves Arsenault|Method and apparatus for planting seedlings|
    CA2406657A1|2000-04-25|2001-11-01|Matti Reinikainen|Apparatus for the sowing of seeds and planting of saplings|
    FI119315B|2006-11-01|2008-10-15|Antti Merilaeinen|Method and apparatus for planting seedlings|DE202017101886U1|2017-03-30|2018-07-03|Robert Schmidt|Device for sowing forest seeds with a movable sowing machine|
    CN107242105A|2017-07-13|2017-10-13|廖伟平|A kind of planting machine|
    SE543738C2|2019-09-02|2021-07-06|Plantma Ab|Planting system|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20125287A|FI125630B|2012-03-15|2012-03-15|Method, apparatus and cultivating and planting machine for planting seedlings|
    PCT/FI2013/050287|WO2013135971A1|2012-03-15|2013-03-14|Methods, apparatus, and soil scarification and planting machine for planting tree seedlings.|
    [返回顶部]