• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A ground support apparatus comprising a first portion comprising elongate friction means for substantially anchoring the apparatus in a bore hole formed within a rock body, a second portion disposed substantially towards a front end of the apparatus and which abuts the first portion, a localised anchor means disposed at a junction between the first portion and the second portion and a yielding mechanism. In use, a movement of the rock body engages the yielding mechanism thereby governing the rock body movement.
    公开号:SE1650982A1
    申请号:SE1650982
    申请日:2014-12-11
    公开日:2016-07-06
    发明作者:Maltby David
    申请人:Garock Pty Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [10] [10] In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided a ground support apparatus for use in supporting a rock body, the apparatus comprising friction means arranged to substantially anchor the apparatus in a bore hole formed within the rock body, a first portion and a second portion wherein the second portion is disposed substantially towards a front end of the apparatus abutting the first portion, an elongate support member disposed substantially through and along a complete lengthwise axis of the apparatus, and yielding means arranged to govern a relative movement between the elongate support member and the rock body, the elongate support member comprising a peripheral end arranged for supporting the rock face, wherein in use the first portion is disposed between the rock face and the second portion. 3 Preferably, the friction means comprises an elongate anchor means and a localised anchor means. Preferably, the localised anchor means is disposed at a junction between the first portion and the second portion of the apparatus, and comprises a point anchor activated upon a tensioning of the apparatus after installation into the bore hole.
    [19] [19] The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the illustrated embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings.
    [20] [20] Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a ground support apparatus 10 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus comprises a first portion 12 and a second portion 14.
    [21] [21] The first portion 12 comprises an elongate body 20 having an outer portion 17 defining a lumen 19 passing therethrough along a longitudinal axis disposed between a back end 22 and a front end 24 of the elongate body 20. The first portion 12 further comprises friction means and, as can be seen in Figure 1, the friction means is defined, at least in part, by the outer portion 17.
    [26] [26] It is also an advantage of the present invention that no pull ring is required on the elongate body 20. Known friction rock bolts comprise a pull ring welded to a peripheral end of the rock bolt for limiting travel of the rock bolt into the bore hole and for assisting in removing the rock bolt from the bore hole. Known pull rings are welded about a circumference of the rock bolt and can be counterproductive to the function of the rock bolt in that they operate to resist compressive or expansive urges developed in the bolt.
    [27] [27] Referring to Figure 2, there is shown a second alternative embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the ground support apparatus 10 comprises an elongate body 20 having an outer portion 17 having a clover leaf configuration comprising one or more resilient longitudinal lobes 27 running along the substantial length of the first portion 12. Each lobe 27 is arranged to have a peripheral surface which, in use, abuts with an inner surface of a bore hole in which the apparatus 10 is installed, and each lobe 27 is connected with an adjacent lobe via a junction 29. The first portion 12 of the apparatus 10 in this embodiment is also configured to have an outer dimension substantially greater than an inner dimension of the bore hole such that an interference fit is achieved upon a forceful installation of the apparatus 10. A radially compressive force is imposed by the inner surface of the bore hole upon the peripheral surface of each lobe 27. The compressive force acting on the lobes 27 urges a displacement at the junctions 29 which effectively spring loads the elongate body 20 thereby providing an outward bias for restraining the elongate body 20 in the bore hole.
    [28] [28] As with the first embodiment, after a forceful installation into a bore hole the resilient and tensile material of the elongate body 20 generates a resultant radially expanding force along the length of the elongate body 20 and maintains a frictional communication with the bore hole. It will be understood that a force acting upon the first portion 12 in an orientation generally parallel with the longitudinal axis of an installed apparatus 10 will be opposed by the friction generated by the radially expanding force. 7 As seen in both Figures 1 and 2, the apparatus 10 further comprises a second portion 14 which is arranged to at least abut and preferably engage the first portion 12. The second portion 14 comprises a yielding anchor means which comprises a resilient collar 42. As is most clearly seen in the enlarged view in Figure 3, the resilient collar 42 has an interior wall 43 that defines a substantially contoured lumen 44 passing through a longitudinal axis of the resilient collar 42. The resilient collar lumen 44 is arranged to receive a support means therethrough. The support means preferably comprises an elongate support member 50 capable of being received by the resilient collar 42 and extending substantially through the first portion 12 of the elongate body 20 for supporting the rock face. In the preferred embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, the resilient collar 42 may comprise a tapered nose or wedge portion 46 and tail portion 48. The elongate support member 50 preferably comprises a solid and continuous length of resilient metallic material that is capable of undergoing a distortion as it passes through the lumen 44 of resilient collar 42.
    [31] [31] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a back end 52 of the elongate support member 50 comprises a threaded portion 53, or other known means, for use in attaching and/or restraining a press plate 60, which is used to assist with the installation of the apparatus 10, and/or a thrust plate 62 for engaging with and supporting the rock face. The threaded portion 53 will typically receive a nut 55 dimensioned to be complementary to installation equipment such as a jumbo rig, for example. 8 An opposed peripheral front end 54 of the elongate support member 50 substantially extends from the tail portion 48 of resilient collar 42 for providing a travel length available for undergoing distortion when the elongate support member 50 travels through and along the lumen 44 of the resilient collar 42. A terminal portion of the peripheral front end 54 preferably comprises stop means for limiting the travel length of the elongate support member 50 through the lumen 44. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stop means comprises a raised resilient portion having a dimension greater than that of the resilient collar 42 lumen 44, such as a weld ring 56 for example. In alternative embodiments, the stop means may comprise a pin, nut or endplate for example, disposed at the peripheral front end 54.
    [34] [34] The front end 24 of the first portion 12 may comprise a tapered periphery and be arranged to receive at least the wedge portion 46 therein such that the first and second portions 12, 14 are orientated to be substantially co-axial. It should be understood that the wedge portion 46 engages with the first portion 12 so as to develop a point anchor 18 as the apparatus 10 is pre-tensioned during the installation process.
    [37] [37] The apparatus 10 may be fitted to a bore hole using known forceful means, such as those provided by underground equipment including jumbo rigs and/or production drills, for example. The apparatus 10 is arranged with the thrust plate 62 fitted over the elongate support member 50 and with a nut 55 fitted to the threaded portion 53 of the back end 52.
    [40] [40] A pre-tensioning step is then applied to the apparatus 10 for activating the point anchor 18 between the first and second portions 12, 14. The pre-tensioning step involves tightening the nut 55 to a predefined tension thereby urging the first and second portions 12, 14 to engage one another at the junction 57. Due to the tapered nose 45 or wedge portion 46, the second portion 14 can be drawn into the lumen 19 simultaneously urging the outer portion 17 outwardly and developing the point anchor 18 with the bore hole at the junction 57.
    [45] [45] It is to be understood that the friction means of the first portion 12 substantially restrains the apparatus 10 within the bore hole and anchors the second portion 14 resilient collar 42 in position. Upon a rock body failure, creep or similar geological event whereby the rock face loses support and can move, a weight of the rock face is transferred to the elongate support member 50 via the thrust plate 62. Movement of the thrust plate 62 is limited by the yielding action of the elongate support member 50 as it passes through the resilient collar 42 and the rock face is thereby supported. Yielding of the elongate support member 50 can continue to occur over the travel length until the stop means 56 abuts the resilient collar 42 at which point the apparatus 10 can no longer provide a governed movement of the rock face and the apparatus 10 thereafter acts as a solid whole. 11 Referring to Figure 4, there is shown a third preferred embodiment of the present invention which substantially comprises the ground support apparatus shown in Figure 1 with an alternate second portion 14 and resilient collar 42. The resilient collar 42 comprises a substantially tapered nose portion 45 and tail portion 48 and has a substantially contoured lumen 44 passing there through. Further, the resilient collar 42 comprises a gripping section 15 having a series of indentations or protuberances on the surface of the gripping section 15, produced by knurling or a similar manufacturing process. The gripping section 15 provides additional friction torque between the surface of the resilient collar 42 and the inner surface of the elongate support member 50 lumen 19 at the junction 57 when the nut 55 is tightened during the installation process. This friction torque impedes rotation of the resilient collar 42 as the nut 55 is tightened, thereby facilitating the pre-tensioning of the apparatus 10 during installation. In contrast to the embodiments of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the resilient collar 42 in the third embodiment disclosed does not comprise a wedge portion 46. Instead, the tapered nose 45 acts to outwardly displace the outer portion 17 at the junction 57, thus developing the point anchor 18 with the bore hole at the junction 57 when the apparatus 10 is pre-tensioned during installation.
    [48] [48] It will be appreciated that the second portion 14 and localised anchor means used in accordance with the present invention will not be limited to the resilient collar 42 and/or wedge member 46 designs shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4. Referring to Figures 6 and 7, there is shown a further alternate anchoring apparatus 200 that may be used to facilitate the localized anchor used in accordance with the present invention. The anchoring apparatus 200 comprises a split wedge apparatus comprising a plurality of complementary portions 220 each disposed about a longitudinal axis, the split wedge apparatus comprising a substantially tapered inner lumen 265 arranged to receive at least a portion of a resilient wedge member 300, and an outer portion arranged to engage with a peripheral end of elongate anchor means used in the ground support apparatus 10.
    [49] [49] In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 6, the anchoring apparatus 200 comprises a plurality of complementary portions 220, where each portion comprises a half section of the anchoring apparatus 200. It will, however, be understood by a skilled addressee that alternate embodiments of the anchoring apparatus 200 may comprise a varied number of portions 220, including three, four, etc., which are also encompassed within the scope of the anchoring apparatus 200 disclosed.
    [56] [56] The anchoring apparatus 200 is designed to be used with expansion means for overcoming the biasing means and urging the portions 220 apart to provide the point anchor. The expansion means preferably comprises a wedge member 300, as illustrated in Figure 6(b). The wedge member 300 is preferably substantially non-compressible and will preferably comprise a configuration of a known wedge that is complementary to the tapered lumen 265 into which the wedge member 300 is received. However, it should be understood that because the lumen 265 of the anchoring apparatus 200 is tapered, it is not necessarily required that the wedge member 300 be tapered.
    [57] [57] The wedge member 300 is arranged to be in rigid communication with the elongate support member 50 of the ground support apparatus 10. In order to activate the anchoring apparatus 200, an operator may selectively apply a tensile load to the elongate support member 50 by known means thereby drawing the wedge member 300 into the lumen 265, overcoming the biasing means and urging the portions 220 apart into the second expanded position as shown in Figure 6(b). It will be understood that the anchoring apparatus 200 may be selectively tensioned at periodic intervals thereby re-tensioning the point anchor and accounting for creep or other movement of the rock body.
    [58] [58] Modifications and variations as would be apparent to a skilled addressee are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1] 1. An apparatus for supporting a rock body, comprising: a first portion comprising an elongated body having a first end, second end and a contoured outer portion defining, at least in part, a lumen; an elongated support member received by, and extending substantially through, the lumen of the elongated body having a thrust plate secured to a peripheral end of the elongated support member; and a second portion comprising a resilient collar, wherein the collar abuts the first end of the elongated body and comprises an interior wall defining a lumen that receives the elongated support member and secures at least part of the elongated support member therein by a frictional communication, and wherein: the apparatus is adapted to be installed in a borehole formed within the rock body; the outer portion frictionally engages an inner surface of the borehole to anchor the apparatus in the borehole; during installation, a movement of the elongated support member causes the collar to move, at least in part, inside the lumen of the elongated body and displace outwardly the outer portion to further anchoring the apparatus in the borehole; and in use, a movement of the rock body against the thrust plate causes the elongated support member to overcome the frictional communication between the elongated support member and the collar's lumen and travel through the lumen thereby permitting the apparatus to yield and govern the rock body movement.
    [2] 2. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 0, wherein the collar's lumen has a section where a diameter of the collar's lumen is less than a diameter of at least one other section of the collar's lumen to increase the frictional communication between the collar's lumen and the elongated support member.
    [3] 3. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the outer portion of the elongated body comprises, at least in part, a substantially arcuate wall formed about the lumen of the elongated body; and the outer portion has a gap: formed between opposed edges of the arcuate wall, and disposed substantially along a longitudinal axis of the elongated body. 16
    [4] 4. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the outer portion of the elongated body comprises a wall having a plurality of longitudinal lobes spaced apart and connected together by inwardly disposed junctions; each lobe runs substantially along an elongated length of the outer portion; and in use, a peripheral surface of each lobe abuts the inner surface of the borehole.
    [5] 5. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when the apparatus is inserted into the borehole during installation: the elongated body is received forcibly by the borehole causing the elongated body to undergo radial compression; and the outer portion of the elongated body frictionally engages with the inner surface of the borehole.
    [6] 6. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to any preceding claim, wherein the collar comprises a nose portion and a tail portion and the nose portion comprises a wedge member.
    [7] 7. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 6, wherein the wedge member is a split wedge apparatus comprising: a plurality of complementary wedge segments each disposed about a common longitudinal axis; a substantially tapered lumen arranged to receive at least a portion of the tail portion of the collar; an outer portion arranged to engage with the lumen of the elongated body at the first end of the elongated body; and a raised portion defining a face that is arranged to abut the first end of the elongated body for limiting a travel of the wedge member into the lumen of the elongated body.
    [8] 8. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 7, wherein: each wedge segment has a recess running radially about an outer surface of the segment; and biasing means are disposed within the recesses of the wedge segments for biasing the wedge segments collectively in a closed position. 17
    [9] 9. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein the nose portion is substantially tapered.
    [10] 10. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 9, wherein the nose portion comprises a section that is substantially knurled to provide a gripping section.
    [11] 11. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to any preceding claim, wherein: a peripheral end of the elongated support member comprises a substantially threaded portion; a press plate attaches to the peripheral end of the elongated support member and abuts the elongated body of the first portion of the apparatus; a nut complementary to the threaded portion threadedly engages with the threaded portion; and the thrust plate is disposed between the nut and the press plate.
    [12] 12. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 11, wherein the press plate comprises a seating recess complementary to the second end of the first portion of the apparatus.
    [13] 13. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to any preceding claim, wherein a stop means is affixed to the elongated support member for limiting travel of the elongated support member through the lumen of the collar.
    [14] 14. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 13, wherein the stop means comprises a raised resilient portion having a diameter greater than a diameter of the lumen of the resilient collar.
    [15] 15. A ground support apparatus according to any of claims 11 to 14, wherein the nut is a locking nut.
    [16] 16. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 15, wherein the locking nut comprises vibration damping means.
    [17] 17. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to claim 16, wherein the vibration damping means comprises a polymer portion. 18
    [18] 18. An apparatus for supporting a rock body according to any of claims 11 to 17, wherein a substantially cylindrical seat having a substantially tapered top end: attaches to the peripheral end of the elongated support member; and is disposed between the nut and the thrust plate. Patentansokan nr / Patent application No: 1650982-0 foljande bilaga finns en oversattning av patentkraven till svenska. Observera att det är patentkravens lydelse pa engelska som A Swedish translation of the patent claims is enclosed. Please note that only the English claims have legal effect.
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AU2013904850A|AU2013904850A0|2013-12-12|Ground support apparatus and method|
    AU2014900955A|AU2014900955A0|2014-03-19|Anchoring apparatus|
    AU2014902784A|AU2014902784A0|2014-07-18|Ground support apparatus and method|
    PCT/AU2014/001112|WO2015085349A1|2013-12-12|2014-12-11|Ground support apparatus and method|
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