![]() Vehicle transmission and operation for its operation
专利摘要:
Vehicle transmission with several gear elements (A, B, C, D, E), which when performing a gear change are selectively opened and / or closed, with several gear sets (11, 12, 13, 14), which depending on the gear position of the gear elements and thereby dependent on an engaged gear provides a defined gearing method, with a gear oil system which, for shifting the gear elements, feeds them with gear oil, and with a cooling and lubricating oil system which feeds units of the transmission with cooling and lubricating oil for cooling and / or lubrication, wherein from the gear oil, supplied via the gear oil system, a partial stream of it can be diverted for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear elements (A, B, C, D, E), so that the amount of cooling and lubricating oil provided or which can be supplied via the cooling and lubricating oil system can be reduced with an amount used for cooling and / or lubrication of the units of the transmission which do not include the gear elements (A, B, C, D, E). 1 公开号:SE1450261A1 申请号:SE1450261 申请日:2014-03-07 公开日:2014-12-28 发明作者:Bernd Lutz;Vyacheslav Brushkivskyy 申请人:Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a new type of transmission for a motor vehicle as well as a method for driving it. This object is fulfilled by a transmission according to claim 1. According to the invention, a partial stream can be diverted from lubricating oil provided by the lubricating oil system as required for cooling and / or lubricating the gear elements, so that a quantity of cooling and lubricating oil supplied or can be supplied via the cooling and lubricating oil system can be reduced by the amount is used for cooling and / or Lubrication of the units of the transmission that do not include the gear elements. Because according to the invention a partial current can be diverted from the gear oil supplied via the gear oil system as required for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear elements, the cooling and gear oil system can be dimensioned smaller, in particular an oil pump can be dimensioned smaller. The amount of cooling and lubricating oil provided by the cooling and lubricating oil system or can be provided is reduced by the amount used for the cooling and / or lubrication of the units of the transmission which do not include the gear elements, i.e. to the amount of cooling and lubricating oil that is used to the maximum for cooling and lubrication of gear sets and bearings. Should there be a greater need for cooling and lubricating oil, a partial current can be diverted from the gear oil supplied via the lubricating oil system as required for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear elements, ie as required if it is due to the design. of a shift, thermal energy is generated on the gear shift elements of the transmission. Compared to conventional transmissions, splash losses of the transmission can be reduced. According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the transmission's gear oil system has a control valve for each gear element, via which gear oil can be supplied as required to the respective gear elements for the gear, the partial flow of the gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear elements. can be diverted downstream of the current control valve from the gear oil to be supplied to the current gear element. The partial stream of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication can be diverted upstream of a gear piston or gear oil pressure chamber of the gear unit in question or in the area of the gear piston or gear oil pressure chamber of the gear gear element from the gear oil to be supplied or supplied. This further development of the invention is constructively simple. It can be realized with small constructive changes to the transmission. According to an alternative advantageous further development of the invention, the transmission oil system of the transmission has two parallel connected control valves for each gear element, namely a first control valve, via which gear oil acting for the gearing of the current gear element can be supplied from the gear oil system as required. , and a second control valve, via which the gear oil acting for the cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element can be supplied as required from the gear oil system. This further development of the invention is also constructively simple, but it requires a constructive change in the area of the control valves of the transmission's gear oil system. Preferably, the partial flow of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element can be diverted from the gear oil at least during the changeover process for the current gear element. If necessary, the utilized partial flow of gear oil for the cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element can also be diverted from the gear oil after the changeover process for the gear element in question. Then, even after the changeover process for the current changeover element, a partial current is diverted from the changeover oil for cooling and / or lubrication of the current changeover element, the changeover element can also be cooled and / or lubricated during the actual changeover process. According to an advantageous further development, a rotating element for simultaneous distribution of the partial current derived from gear oil is arranged for each gear element. This enables efficient cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element via the partial current derived from the gear oil. The method according to the invention is defined in claim 9. Preferred developments of the invention appear from the subclaims and description below. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with the aid of the drawings, without limitations to this. In this case: Fig. 1 shows an example of a diagram for gear sets and gear elements of a transmission; Fig. 2 shows a gear oil system of a transmission according to the invention; Fig. 3 shows an alternative gear oil system of a transmission according to the invention; Fig. 4 shows a detail of a transmission according to the invention in the area of a gear element; and Fig. 5 shows an alternative detail of a transmission according to the invention in the area of a gear element. Fig. 1 shows a transmission diagram of an example of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, wherein the automatic transmission can be connected with a transmission input 1 to a drive unit (not shown) and the automatic transmission can be connected to a driven part (not shown) of the motor vehicle with a transmission output 2. The automatic transmission shown in Fig. 1 has a total of eight axes 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, the shaft 3 being a transmission input shaft and the shaft 4 being a transmission output shaft. The shafts 3 to 10 of the automatic transmission according to Fig. 1 are driven in connection on the one hand via gear sets 11, 12, 13 and 14 and on the other hand via the transmission-internal gear elements A, B, C, D and E. The automatic transmission shown in Fig. 1 has four gear sets 11, 12, 13 and 14 and five gear elements A, B, C, D and E, gear elements A and B being designed as brakes and gear elements C, D and E being designed as clutches. . In the automatic transmission shown in Fig. 1, a total of eight forward gears and one reverse gear can be engaged, with three gear elements for each of these gears being closed and two gear elements being open. The transmission scheme shown in Fig. 1 is of a purely exemplary nature. In addition to friction-locking gear elements, there may also be form-locking gear elements. In order to carry out a gear change and thereby carry out a shift process, at least one of the previously open gear elements A, B, C, D and E is switched on or switched on and at least one of the previously closed gear elements A, B, C, D and E is opened or disconnected. In order to supply the gear elements A, B, C, D and E with gear oil a, which is used as required by the gear elements during the execution of a gear, namely when connecting or closing a gear element, the automatic transmission has a gear oil system 15. Via the gear oil system 15, the gear elements A, B, C, D and E can be supplied with gear oil as required to close them, each of the gear elements A, B, C, D and E, of which only the gear elements A, B, C, D is shown in Fig. 2, can be supplied individually with gear oil starting from a central gear oil line 16 via a gear element separate control valve 17. When gear oil is needed at the gear element A, the control valve 17 arranged for the gear element A is opened, to supply the gear element A as needed. gear oil starting from the central gear oil line 16. On the central gear oil line 16, a gear element-separated gear oil line 18 is thus diverted in the direction of each gear element, which when opened control valve 17 is connected to the central gear oil line 16 and when closed control valve 17 is separated from the central gear oil line 16. In addition to the gear oil system 15, the automatic transmission has a cooling and lubricating oil system (not shown), via which units of the automatic transmission can be supplied with cooling and lubricating oil for cooling and / or lubrication. According to the invention, a partial stream of the gear oil provided via the gear oil system 15 can be diverted in the area of each of the gear elements A, B, C, D and E for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear elements A, B, C, D and E as needed. A quantity of cooling and lubricating oil provided or which can be supplied via the cooling and lubricating oil system can be reduced to the maximum amount used for the cooling and / or lubrication of the units of the transmission which do not include the gear elements A, B, C, D and E. Cooling and lubricating oil provided via the cooling and lubricating oil system (not shown) can be used for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear sets 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the automatic transmission, for cooling and / or lubricating the automatic transmission bearings and for cooling. and / or lubrication of the automatic transmission gear elements A, B, C, D and E. Should the cooling and lubricating oil required for cooling and / or lubrication of the above-mentioned units of the automatic transmission be greater than the cooling and lubricating oil emand which can be provided by the cooling and lubricating oil system, a partial current is diverted from the gear oil supplied via the gear oil system 15 for cooling and / or lubricating the gear elements A, B, C, D and E as required, namely for the gear element or the gear elements, at which or at which heat energy actually arises. In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 2, in which the gear oil system 15 has a single control valve 17 for each gear element, the partial flow of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element can be diverted downstream of the current control valve 17 from the gear oil a to be supplied. the current gear element, namely according to Fig. 2 upstream of the current gear element A, B, C, D or E from the gear element separate gear oil line 18, which leads to the current gear element. Thus, according to Fig. 2, a gear element-separate cooling and lubrication line 19 is diverted downstream of the current control valve 17 and upstream of the current gear element from the gear element-leading gear oil line 18 leading to the current gear element, via which the partial current derived from the gear oil can be supplied to the current the gear element for cooling and / or lubricating it. Fig. 4 clarifies a variant of the invention, in which the partial stream of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication can be diverted in the area of the current gear element from the gear oil supplied to the current gear element, Fig. 4 showing an extract in cross section through an automatic transmission in the area of one of the gear elements A, B, C, D or E. The current gear element A, B, C, D or E is designed as a slat package, which has outer slats 20 and inner slats 21, wherein the outer slats 20 and the inner slats 21 of the slat package can be compressed by applying a gear pressure to a gear piston 22 of the current gear element, in order to close the gear element. The gear oil used to close the current gear element is supplied to the gear piston 22 of the current gear element via a gear gear element 18 leading to the current gear element, a gear oil cooperating with the gear piston 22 in which gear oil 33, in which gear gear is limited by the gear piston 22 and a lamella carrier 25 as well as two seals 23 and 24, which seal the gear piston 22 against a casing or a lamella carrier 25. When the gear element is a coupling, the unit 25 is a slat carrier. When the gear element is a brake, the unit 25 is a housing. According to Fig. 4, a bore 26 inserted in the gear piston 22, which is diverted from the gear oil of the gear piston 22, is a pressure space 33 defined or limited by the seals 23, 24, whereby via this bore 26 a partial current can be diverted from the gear oil supplied to the gear piston. then acts for the cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element. According to Fig. 4, this bore 26, which passes through the gear piston 22, opens into a bore 27 in a hollow gear 28 of the transmission, whereby via this bore 27 in the hollow gear 28 the partial current derived from the gear oil can be supplied to the transmission. current gear element for cooling and / or lubrication. Also in the variant according to Fig. 4, in accordance with the variant according to Fig. 2, a control valve 17 is arranged for each gear element, unlike Fig. 2, however, the partial flow of gear oil is not diverted upstream of the current gear elements from the gear oil. the current gear element, namely in the area of the gear piston 22 of the current gear element or gear oil pressure chamber 33. I den i F ig. The variant element of the invention shown in Fig. 4 has the gear element piston 22 as well as the lamella carrier 25, which together with the seals 23 and 24 of the gear oil pressure space 33 define the current gear element, contoured so that the partial flow of gear oil is used for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear oil. Although the current gear element during the gear cycle of the current gear element can be diverted from the gear oil via the bore 26 inserted in the gear piston 22, but not after the actual gear cycle. This is achieved in that the gear piston 22 in the area in which the bore 26 opens into the gear oil pressure chamber 33 has a projection 29 which cooperates with a corresponding projection 30 of the lamella carrier 25 after the displacement of the gear piston 22 caused by applying the gear pressure and then sealing the bore 26. whereby no additional partial current is diverted via it from the gear oil. On the other hand, in the variant according to Fig. 5 there are no projections 29 and 30 on the gear piston 22 and the lamella carrier 25, whereby in Fig. 5 even after the actual gear sequence a partial current can be diverted from the gear oil which rests on the gear piston 22 for cooling. and / or Lubrication of corresponding gear elements. The bore 26 in the gear element piston 22 always has a dimension such that it acts as a throttle, so that via the gear oil line 18 of the current gear element a larger gear oil abuts on the gear piston 22 itself than is diverted from the gear oil via the bore 26 in the gear piston 22 for cooling and / or lubricating the gear element. It should be pointed out that your bores 26 can be inserted into a gear element piston 22 of a gear element, in order to divert the partial current from the gear oil. According to an advantageous further development of the invention, a rotating element can be arranged for the alternating element according to Figs. 4 and 5 for even distribution of the partial current derived from the alternating oil, in order to evenly distribute the derived alternating oil for cooling and / or lubrication of the current alternating element. In the exemplary embodiments according to Figs. 4 and 5, such a rotating element is preferably placed in a free space 31, which is formed between the hollow gear 28 and the gear piston 22 between the bores 26 and 27. Fig. 3 shows a variant of a gear oil system 15 of a transmission according to the invention, in which two control valves 17, 32 connected in parallel to each gear element are arranged. A first control valve 17 acts for the demand-shifting of the current gear element, ie. supply of the gear oil to the current gear element via the separate gear oil line 18 for the gear element starting from the central gear oil line 16. Via a second control valve 32, connected in parallel to the current first control valve 17, the current gear element can start from the gear oil line 16 is supplied as required with a partial stream of gear oil for cooling and / or lubrication, namely via a separate cooling and / or lubrication line 19 for the gear element. Even with the variant according to Fig. 3, each gear element is thus cooled and lubricated as required starting from the gear oil system 15, namely via a partial current derived from the gear oil, but with the variant according to Fig. 3, unlike the variant according to Fig. 2 , each gear element is connected with two control valves 17, 32 connected in parallel. In the case of these control valves 17, 32 connected in parallel, they can be individual control valves or double valves. Then, when in Fig. 3 the opening times of the parallel-connected control valves 17, 32 are identical, each gear element can be supplied as required with a partial current derived from gear oil both during the execution of the gearing process and also after the actual gearing process. for cooling and / or lubrication. By shortening the opening times of the control valves 32, it is also possible in the variant according to Fig. 3 to supply only the current alternating element with a partial current derived from the alternating oil during the actual alternating process for cooling and / or lubrication. With the present invention, the gear elements of an automatic transmission can thus be cooled and lubricated as required, namely starting from the gear oil system 15, a partial current being diverted from the gear oil, which is provided for the gearing of the current gear element, which is then used for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element. The cooling and lubricating oil system provides a quantity of cooling and lubricating oil which is maximally utilized for cooling and / or lubrication for those units of the transmission which do not include the gear elements. If a total amount of cooling and lubricating oil used for cooling and / or lubrication should be greater than the amount of cooling and lubricating oil that can be supplied or supplied by the cooling and lubricating oil system, the gear elements are supplied with cooling and lubricating oil. starting from the gear oil system, namely by diverting a partial stream of gear oil as required for the current gear element for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element. As a result, splash losses in the transmission can be reduced. The partial current from the gear oil can be diverted both at closing and after closing as well as at the opening and after the opening of the current gear element A, B, C, D or E for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element. At the opening and after the opening, however, the pressure in the gear oil line 18 leading to the current gear element A, B, C, D or E and the pressure in the current gear oil pressure space 33 must be so small that the opened gear element to be cooled is not closed again. In the case of a gear piston 22 actuated by a return spring 34, the actuating force which depends on the pressure in the current gear oil space pressure pressure 33 for the gear piston 22 must be lower than the return force of the return spring 34.
权利要求:
Claims (10) [1] 1. l. Vehicle transmission with fl your gear elements (A, B, C, D, E), which when performing a gear change is selectively opened and / or closed, with fl your gear sets (11, 12, 13, 14), which, depending on the gear position of the gear elements and thereby depending on an engaged gear, provide a defined gear ratio, with a gear oil system (15) supplying it with gear oil a for shifting the gear elements, and with a cooling and lubricating oil system feeding units of the transmission with cooling and lubricating oil for cooling and / or Lubrication, characterized in that from the gear oil, supplied via the gear oil system (15), a partial current can be diverted from it for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear elements (A, B, C, D, E ), so that a quantity of cooling and lubricating oil provided or which can be supplied via the cooling and lubricating oil system can be reduced by an amount used for cooling and / or lubricating the units of the transmission which do not include the gear elements (A, B , C , D, [2] Transmission according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gear oil system (15) has a control valve (17) for each gear element (A, B, C, D, E), via which gear oil can be supplied as required to the gear element in question, cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element utilized, the partial flow of gear oil can be diverted downstream of the current control valve (17) from the gear oil to be supplied to the current gear element. [3] Transmission according to Claim 2, characterized in that the partial stream of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication can be diverted upstream of a gear piston (22) or a gear oil pressure space (33) for the gear unit in question from the gear oil to be supplied to the gear unit in question. (A, B, C, D, [4] Transmission according to Claim 2, characterized in that the partial stream of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication can be diverted in the region of a gear piston (22) or a gear oil pressure chamber (33) of the gear element in question from the gear oil supplied to the gear oil. current gear element (A, B, C, D, E). [5] Transmission according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gear oil system (15) has two control valves (17, 32) connected in parallel for each gear element (A, B, C, D, E), namely a first control valve (17) over which gear oil from the gear oil system the supply system can be supplied to act as required for switching the current gear element, and a second control valve (32), over which the partial flow of gear oil can be supplied from the gear oil system as required for cooling and / or lubrication of the current gear element. [6] Transmission according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the partial flow of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear element in question (A, B, C, D, E) can is diverted from gear oil at least during the gear shift process for the gear gear element in question. [7] Transmission according to Claim 6, characterized in that the partial flow of gear oil used for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear unit in question (A, B, C, D, E) can also be diverted from the gear oil after the gear cycle of the gear unit in question. [8] Transmission according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized by a rotating element for even distribution of the partial current derived from the gear oil. [9] 9. Method for operating a vehicle transmission, with fl your gear elements, which are selectively opened and / or closed when performing a gear change, with fl your gear sets, which depending on the gear position of the gear elements and thereby depending on a gear engaged provide a defined gear ratio, gear ratio , which for shifting the gear elements feeds it with gear oil a, and with a cooling and lubricating oil system which feeds units of the transmission with cooling and lubricating oil for cooling and / or lubrication, characterized in that from the gear oil, provided via the gear oil system, a partial current is diverted therefrom as required for cooling and / or lubrication of the gear elements, namely when a utilized amount of cooling and lubricating oil is greater than the amount of cooling and lubricating oil provided or can be provided via the cooling and lubricating oil system. [10] Method according to claim 9, characterized by the features according to claims 1 to 8.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 DE102013212428A1|2014-12-31| US20150000441A1|2015-01-01| US9631719B2|2017-04-25|
引用文献:
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法律状态:
2016-08-30| NAV| Patent application has lapsed|
优先权:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 DE102013212428.7A|DE102013212428A1|2013-06-27|2013-06-27|Transmission of a motor vehicle and method for operating the same| 相关专利
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