• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1296 SE2013 -06- 18 SUMMARY The present invention relates to a process for phlegmatizing a leavening substance (21) in aqueous suspension (20) comprising a dispersed phlegmatizing agent (25). It is characteristic of the pitcher that the phlegmatizing agent (25) precipitates chemically on the surface of the spring blank (21) by means of opposite charges. The invention also relates to a device and to a spring substance phlegmatized according to the said method and device.
    公开号:SE1330075A1
    申请号:SE1330075
    申请日:2013-06-18
    公开日:2014-12-19
    发明作者:Michal Mazurek；Karolina Mazurek
    申请人:Eurenco Bofors Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    IA. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and a device for phlegmatization of a fissure substance in a water suspension. ../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../ .. The invention also relates to a spring substance phlegmatized according to the said method and device.
    BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART It is known in the past that a fumigant, such as PETN, TNT, RDX and HMX, can be phlegmatized by surface treatment with a phlegmatizer, usually a wax, so that the fissure becomes more imperceptible, to avoid accidental initiation of the fissure processing, for example in the extrusion of fissure loads. The phlegmatization is usually done in an aqueous suspension, comprising a finely divided wax. The aqueous suspension is heated to a temperature just above the melting temperature of the wax, whereby the wax melts and is deposited as wax particles on the surface of the explosive crystals. The aqueous suspension is then cooled to a temperature below the solidification point of the wax so that the wax solidifies and forms a protective coating on the blank.
    A problem with the said procedure is that melting and solidifying wax is a cumbersome, energy-intensive and environmentally damaging process.
    An additional problem is the irregularities that arise in the wax coating on the surface of the fountain, e.g. with uncoated surfaces as a result, due to an uneven distribution of the wax in the water suspension.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION AND ITS FEATURES A main object of the present invention is a simple, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly method of phlegmatizing the springs in aqueous suspension. 1296 SE2 The aforesaid purposes, as well as others have unspoken purposes, are met in a satisfactory manner, by what is stated in the present independent patent claims.
    Embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.
    Thus, according to the present invention, a simpler and more environmentally friendly phlegmatization process has been provided in an aqueous suspension comprising a phlegmatizer and an emulsifier.
    Characteristic of the process is that the process comprises the following manufacturing steps, in the same order: Preparation of an aqueous suspension comprising 75 - 80% by weight of water and 20 - 25% by weight of explosive, Preparation of a dispersion solution comprising; 40-80% by weight water, 20-50% by weight phlegmatizer, 0-10% by weight dispersant, 2-4 inorganic hydroxides, 0-2% by weight stabilizers and preservatives, Preparation of a dispersion switch comprising; 0-10 25% by weight of water and 90-100% by weight of dispersion-breaking substance, Dispersion of the effluent water suspension by mixing the dispersion solution in the aqueous suspension in the mixing ratio, 4-5 parts by weight of dispersion solution 30 in 400-500 parts by weight of aqueous suspension, Heating of the aqueous suspension to the suspension C °.
    Addition of the dispersion switch to the aqueous suspension in the mixing ratio, 0.5-1 parts by weight of dispersion switches on 404-405 parts by weight of aqueous suspension, whereby the 1296 SE3 dispersion solution is broken and the phlegmatizer precipitates on the surface of the fissure via opposite charges, Heating the aqueous suspension to 15-25 ° C, Separation of the phlegmatized fissure from the aqueous suspension, by filtration, 10 Washing of the filtered, phlegmatized fissure, by rinsing with water, Drying of the filtered, washed, phlegmatized spray, in hot air.
    According to the present invention, there has also been provided a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective device for phlegmatizing a dispersant in an aqueous suspension, comprising a dispersion solution and a dispersion switch. Characteristic of the device is that the device comprises the following main parts; a first jacketed mixing apparatus, provided with a first stirrer and an emptying valve, for preparing an aqueous suspension of the gap blank and for mixing the dispersion solution and the dispersion switch in water suspension with simultaneous stirring, a second mixing apparatus arranged with a second stirrer connected to the first the mixing apparatus via a first line, via a control valve and via a control pump, for preparing the dispersion solution, 1296 SE4 a third mixing apparatus arranged with a third stirrer, connected to the first mixing apparatus via a second line, and via a second emptying valve, for preparing the dispersion switch and for transferring the dispersion switch to the first mixer, a jacketed container provided with a filter insert, for collecting the aqueous suspension with phlegmatized fissure from the first mixer, and for filtering, washing and drying the phlegmatized filler.
    According to the present invention, there has also been provided a phlegmatized fumigant comprising some of the following fins; PETN, TNT, RDX and HMX and the phlegmatizer; Low density polyethylene (LD) polyethylene It is characteristic that the phlegmatized filler is phlegmatized according to said method and with said device. 1296 SEE ADVANTAGES AND EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The invention has a number of advantages and effects over conventional phlegmatization methods, the most important being; A smoother and denser surface coating with improved press density, from 0.02 [g / cm3] to 0.04 [g / cm3], A safer product with reduced impact probability, whereby a reduced impact probability of up to 100% has been found in fall hammer forksb, A simpler , more environmentally friendly and more cost-effective manufacturing process, A surface coating with reduced exudation from the fissure has been found during storage at elevated temperature, which enables an extended storage time, A safer product with lower probability against electrostatic discharges, A product with improved flowability.
    The invention has been defined in the appended claims and will now be described in more detail in connection with the accompanying figures.
    Additional advantages and effects will become apparent upon study and consideration of the following detailed description of the invention while referring to the accompanying drawings; 1296 SE6 Figs. 1a, b, c, schematically show a mechanism for precipitation of a phlegmatizer on the surface of a blasting agent by means of opposite charges.
    Fig. 2 shows a schematic of a flow diagram for phlegmatization of a fissure in water suspension, in accordance with the invention.
    Fig. 3 shows the schematic equipment for phlegmatization of a fissure according to the river diagram in Fig. 2.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT The invention is based on the principle that a phlegmatizer, preferably polyethylene, is precipitated on the surface of a blasting agent by means of opposite charges. The mechanism is shown schematically in Figures 1a, 1b, 1c and id.
    Figure 1a shows an anionic aqueous suspension comprising crystals of a fumigant to be phlegmatized with a phlegmatizer, preferably polyethylene (PE), which is dispersed in the aqueous suspension with an anionic dispersant. The solid circle in Figure 1a delimits a PE particle and the negatively charged hydrophilic parts of the dispersant, which point outwards from the PE particles. To the hydrophilic part of the dispersant are bound ions of opposite charge, which are of great importance for the stability of the dispersion. The electric potential of the bilayer decreases linearly with the distance from the surface of the PE particle. When the potential falls below a certain value, the dispersion is broken and the PE particles will agglomerate. 1296 SE7 Figures 1b and 1c show the anionic water dispersion at and after the addition of a dispersion switch (eg CH3COOH). Addition of dispersion switches protonates, via positive ions (H +), the water dispersion, which means that the electric potential drops to a value where the dispersion breaks in the aqueous solution and PE particles fall directly onto the crystal surface. Dispersion switches destabilize the dispersion and give the PE particles a positive charge. The PE particles do not have time to agglomerate with each other when the dispersion breaks because ions with opposite charge on the surface of the explosive crystals are sufficiently strong (the crystals are much larger than PE molecules - which facilitates the attraction) to be able to attract PE particles to their surface, figure id.
    Figure 2 shows a flow chart for phlegmatization of a leavening blank 21 in water suspension 20, where the blanks and operations are shown. An aqueous suspension 20, comprising 75-80% by weight of water 22 and 20-25% by weight of fountain 21 is prepared. In parallel, a dispersion solution 24 and a dispersion-breaking solution 23, also called dispersion switches, are also prepared. The dispersion solution 24 comprises, 80% by weight of water 22, 20-50% by weight of phlegmatizer 25, 0-10% by weight of dispersant 26, amen named emulsifier, 2-4% by weight of PH-containing agent comprising one or more inorganic hydroxides, stabilizers and preservatives. 23 includes; 0-5% by weight of water and 95-100 dispersion breaking agents.
    Experiments have shown that polyethylene (PE) waxes, especially LD (low density) type PE, are suitable as phlegmatizers 25. Other phlegmatizers of interest are, HD waxes of HD (hbg density) type, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) , MDBE (medium density polyethylene), LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene), 0-1weight% Dispersion switch weight% 1296 SE8 beeswax, palm oil, montan wax, candelilla wax and paraffin oil.
    The dispersant 26, also called surfactant, is, preferably, of the anionic type. Anionic surfactants are surfactants whose hydrophilic part consists of sulphates (R-O-SO 3 -), sulfonates (R-SO 3 -) or carboxylates (R-OO 2 -).
    The R group usually consists of an alkyl group or in some cases of an aromatic. A suitable dispersant 26 comprises one or more of the following anionic surfactants; Ammoniumdodecylsulfate (CH 3 (CH 2) 10CH2OSO3NH4) Sodiumdodecylsulfate (0143 (CH 2) 110S03Na) Sodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonate (C12H25C6H4S03Na) Sodiumlaurethsulfate (CH3 (CH2) 10CH2 (OCH2CF12) nOSSO3Na) and Sodiumstearate (CI8H3Na02) A suitable pH increasing agents include one or more inorganic hydroxides, preferably sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide. A suitable dispersion breaking agent comprises a carboxylic acid, preferably acetic acid. The right choice of dispersion-breaking agent improves the conductivity, the phlegmatization effect and enables a more accurate filling of the explosive crystals with a thin layer of polymer. In addition to a more even coating, you get a stronger adhesion. Attic acid has shown particularly good results in experiments with anionic solutions. Fountain 27, preferably some of the following fountains; PETN, TNT, RDX and HMX, are mixed with water 22 in the proportion of 100 parts by weight of explosive 21 on 300-400 parts by weight of water, possibly with the addition of graphite in the proportion 0-1 parts by weight of graphite on 300-400 parts by weight of water. 1296 SE9 After the aqueous suspension 20, the dispersion solution 24 and the dispersion switch 23 have been prepared separately, dispersion solution 24 is added, while stirring, to the aqueous suspension 20 in an amount corresponding to 4-15 parts by weight of dispersion solution 24 on 400-500 parts by weight of aqueous suspension 20.
    After mixing in the dispersion solution 24, the aqueous suspension 20 is heated, with stirring, to about 30 ° C. Then, with stirring, the dispersion switch 23 is added to the aqueous suspension 20 in an amount corresponding to 0.5-1 parts by weight of dispersion switches at 400-500 parts by weight of aqueous suspension 20. Suitable stirring speed should be in the range of 100-300 rpm, preferably at 1 rpm. Addition of the attic acid lowers the pH value in the aqueous suspension 20, so that the dispersion is protonated and broken, whereby polyethylene precipitates as particles and is absorbed on the surface of the gap body. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the dispersion is broken by deprotonating a cationic aqueous suspension 20. In a further alternative embodiment, the dispersion is broken by stirring in a nonionic aqueous suspension 20.
    The aqueous suspension is heated to 35-40 ° C, to lower the viscosity of the mixture, reduce surface tension and to improve conductivity, and then slowly cooled to about 25 ° C. The phlegmatized fissure 27 is separated from the aqueous suspension 20 by filtration. Thereafter, the fountain 27 is washed in clean water, to get rid of dispersion breaker residues, to finally be dried, preferably, in hot air.
    Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a process device 1 for phlegmatizing a fissure 21 in aqueous suspension 20, comprising a dispersion solution 24 comprising a phlegmatizer 25 and a dispersant 26, and a dispersion switch 23. The device 1 comprises a first mixing apparatus 2 for preparing the aqueous suspension 20 comprising sprinkler 21 and water 19, a second mixing apparatus 4 for preparing the dispersion solution 24, comprising phlegmatizers and dispersants, and a third mixing apparatus 3 for preparing the dispersion switch 23, comprising water 19 and a dispersion breaking blank 22.
    Under the first mixing apparatus 2 there is also arranged a sheathed collecting container 5, with filter insert, also called nutch, for collecting, filtering, washing and drying the phlegmatized fountain 27. The container 5 is also connected to a chemical drain 18 via a third conduit 10 and via a filter pump 17.
    The three mixing apparatuses 2, 3, 4 are arranged in a manner relative to each other so that the dispersion solution 24 and the dispersion switch 23 can easily be transferred from the respective mixing apparatus 4.3 to the aqueous suspension 20 in the first mixing apparatus 2. The second mixing apparatus 4, which is located next to of the first mixer 2, is connected to the first mixer 2 via a first line 9, a first control valve 14 and a pump 16. The third mixer 3, is located at a higher level than the first mixer 2, and connected to the first the mixing apparatus 2, via a second line 11 and via a second tap or opening valve 12. A water line 8 for filling water 19 is also connected to the first mixing apparatus 2, via a third control valve 13.
    In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the third mixing apparatus 4 is located at a higher level than the first mixing apparatus 2, which meant that the height difference can be used for transferring dispersion solution 23. 1296 SE11 All three mixing apparatuses 3,4,5 are equipped with stirrers 6,7,25 and heating coils, however, the heating coils are not shown in figure 2.
    The water suspension 20 with phlegmatized fissure 27 is drained from the first mixer 2, via the bottom valve 15, down the notch 5. The phlegmatized fissure 27 is then separated / filtered from the water suspension 20 by pumping the water suspension using the filter pump 5 via the filter fourth line to a chemical drain 18, for Recycling or destruction of chemical residues.
    The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown but can be varied in different ways within the scope of the patent claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    A first casing mixing apparatus (2), provided with a first stirrer (6) and an emptying valve (15), for preparing the aqueous suspension (20) with fissure (21) and premixing the dispersion solution (24) and the dispersion switch (23) in aqueous suspension ( 20) while stirring.
    [2]
    A second mixing apparatus (4), provided with a second stirrer (28), connected to the first mixing apparatus (2) via a first line (9), via a control valve 14 and via a control pump (16), for preparing the dispersion solution (24) and for Transferring the dispersion solution (24) to the first mixing apparatus (2), 1296 SE14 - a third mixing apparatus (3) provided with a third mixer (7), the third mixing apparatus (3) being connected to the first mixing apparatus (2) via a second line 11, and via an emptying valve 12, for preparing the dispersion switch (23) and for transferring the dispersion switch (23) to the first mixing apparatus (2) a jacketed collection container (5) arranged with a filter insert, for collecting the water suspension (20) with phlegmatized fountain (27) from the first mixer (2), and for filtering, washing and drying the phlegmatized fountain (27).
    [3]
    A phlegmatized filler (27) comprising any of the following fenders (21); PETN, TNT, RDX and HMX and the phlegmatizer (25); Low density polyethylene (LD) polyethylene, can characterize The water The phlegmatized fountain (27) is phlegmatized according to the method of claim 1 and according to the device of claim 2. Ink. I. PAM uch replstreringsverket 1/32013 -06- 1 8 F. ef-a, v € T1 ef9 ed1`3 ° 1 (4 oce r 1 arr c. 11iC00 HC. 113- 4- H + - 0-1 40 Frt / -r 111h. 1 Pont. And ooplotroplogavoriet 2/32013 -06- 18 stirring min. 150v / min (alignment of polymer directly on crystal surfaces with the help of opposite charges Heating to (35 ° C - 45 ° C) Chicken to ( 25 ° C - 15 ° C) Filtration / Nutchning water + fountain + dispersion + possibly graphite) Ch repiggerIngsverket 3/3 2013 -06- 18
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    同族专利:
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    EP3010873A4|2017-02-22|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1330075A|SE537770C2|2013-06-18|2013-06-18|Phlegmatization of explosives in water suspension|SE1330075A| SE537770C2|2013-06-18|2013-06-18|Phlegmatization of explosives in water suspension|
    US14/899,818| US10287219B2|2013-06-18|2014-06-17|Phlegmatisation of an explosive in an aqueous suspension|
    PCT/SE2014/000080| WO2014204374A1|2013-06-18|2014-06-17|Phlegmatisation of an explosive in an aqueous suspension|
    EP14813443.0A| EP3010873A4|2013-06-18|2014-06-17|Phlegmatisation of an explosive in an aqueous suspension|
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