• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1251119A1
    申请号:SE1251119
    申请日:2012-10-03
    公开日:2014-03-05
    发明作者:Stig Fjellborg；Svante Edin
    申请人:Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the detonation of an explosive, i.e. a kind of functional check of each individual explosive charge in an ointment which makes it possible to avoid or reduce the above-mentioned problems. In particular, the object of the invention is to offer a method which is easy to use and can be handled by ordinary blasting personnel and is adapted to existing working methods. Furthermore, it is desirable to achieve a working method that does not constitute a safety problem. A second object of the invention is to provide an arrangement for carrying out the method, i.e. for detecting an explosive detonation.
    The first object of the invention is achieved by a method which exhibits the features and features set forth in claim 1. The second object of the invention is achieved by an arrangement having the features set forth in claim 6.
    The invention also proposes a type of igniter, for example in the form of a detonator which could be included as part of the device according to the invention. Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the subclaims. In an embodiment of the invention, electronic identification systems are used, i.e. systems that rely on radio frequency-based communication between a transmitter / receiver unit for identifying a specific object which in this case consists of an individual explosive charge. It is recalled here that radio waves move at the speed of light and thus at a wave propagation speed which amounts to about 3-108 m / s and thus far exceeds the speed of the pressure wave from a detonation. A transmitter unit of the type intended to be included in the system generates and transmits an identification signal (ID ") signal which in its simplest form may consist of an analog signal with a frequency determined in its own way, but which signal may suitably comprise identification data in form of digital code stored in a Chip in identification code via radio signal may be RFID (radio frequency identification transponder), the ID transmitter unit.Technologies that can be used in the delivery of Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi or NFC (Near Field Communicaton). The LED transmitter unit is electrically passive until the time at which the charge detonates, whereby the ID transmitter unit is charged and activated to transmit its identification signal. In the following, the elective passive refers to a lack of its own permanent power source, for example in the form of a battery. obtained from the detonation, in particular in the form of incident light from said detonation which light is collected by v solar cells to supply electric current that drives the ld transmitter unit. Suitably, an identification system is used with an ID transmitter unit arranged for each charge, which is charged and activated to transmit an identification signal in the presence of a detonation. The iD transmitter unit is charged by utilizing energy in the form of light from the detonation. The energy is charged as electricity in a capacitor or a similar voltage or current storage element. With httpzlldms.zacco.comlsiteslselCaSe / 'l25125SC / 412Û2325 / P41202326SEÛO / P412Û2326SEÜO_201 2- 09-26 ___ 120926 beS-KCIOCX 10 15 20 25 30 35 3 using a controller or switch, the ld transmitter unit and the switched-off unit can be switched between. The LED transmitter unit can be considered as electrically passive in its uncharged state before blasting, which means a number of safety advantages during blasting work.
    The LED transmitter units in question mainly comprise the following components; a radio transmitter capable of transmitting at a predetermined frequency, a passive power supply system with a capacitor for temporarily storing an electric charge one or more series-connected solar cells or photovoltaic cells for converting light from a detonation to an electric current, a switch or controllers with a detonation sensor connected to it. In the event that the voltage from one or more solar cells connected in series is not sufficient to drive a radio transmitter, it is conceivable to use a DC / DC converter to increase the voltage to the level required to cause the transmitter to transmit a radio signal. The selected radio frequency or digital identification code in the message being transmitted is predetermined and so selected that it differs between each ID transmitter unit, which makes it possible to identify the message and thus also determine which ID transmitter unit sent its message and thereby determine that a specific charge with which the LED transmitter unit has been associated with detonated. The selected frequency or identification code constitutes what is hereinafter referred to as primary identification data and can be used to establish a charging protocol with primary ID data. Energy in the form of light from a detonation can be received by the ID unit and used to charge direct voltage stored in a capacitor for supplying the radio transmitter of the ID transmitter unit with current. In response to a detonation sensed by the detonation sensor, each ID transmitter unit is activated to transmit primary identification data in the form of a radio signal with a frequency or identification code determined for the ID transmitter unit. The radio signal is picked up by a receiver, further processed in a computer or CPU to form secondary identification data.
    In case the identification code comprises identification data which consists of an analog radio signal with a fixed frequency, an A / D converter is suitably used in the receiver in which the signal is converted into a digital signal for further processing in a computer. In case the identification data comprises preselected and mutually distinctive radio frequencies, it may be mentioned that the radio frequencies can be separated from the different ID transmitter units as a series of predetermined primary identification data by means of filters or other known adaptation circuits. The separated and digitally converted radio signals with different frequencies form said secondary identification data.
    By comparing primary identification data and established charging protocols when charging with secondary identification data obtained as receipts after an explosion or salvo, a detonation protocol can be established. The detonation protocol shows whether all charges have detonated or not. If applicable, information is also obtained on which of the charges did not detonate and in addition the current blind person was nns / fame.zaccswm / ssies / se / Case / 125125SC / 41202326 / P41202326SE00 / P41202326SEOOw2012- O9-26_j120926 25 30d4x 10 is geographically located if such data has been included in the loading protocol. Primary identification data may in its simplest form consist of a protocol of a set of ID transmitter units where each ID transmitter unit is configured to transmit a predetermined identification code where said identification code may similarly alternatively be a radio signal with one for each ID transmitter unit predetermined frequency. The monitor used to illustrate the result of the blast, such as the said detonation protocol, suitably forms part of a hand-held portable unit which can be carried by personnel during blasting work on site.
    In the present invention, an ID transmitter unit is used to detect the detonation of an explosive. The iD transmitter unit is assigned a detonation sensor that can detect an explosive charge that detonates. The ID transmitter unit receives sufficient current from the light of a detonation to be able to transmit a radio signal at a frequency determined for the ID transmitter unit. The radio signal with a predetermined identification code for the ID transmitter unit or a predetermined frequency for the ID transmitter unit thus forms part of the primary identification data. Collected energy in the form of light from a detonation passes through the switch and is stored as an electrical voltage in a capacitor of the ID transmitter unit.
    An advantage of using a passive LED transmitter unit that does not have an internal power supply such as a battery is that the risk of accidental ignition of explosives is minimized because it is well known that batteries and equipment with active power supply are not suitable for use in the presence of explosives due to of the risk that they could ignite the explosive so that the detonation comes at the wrong time. Due to the fact that the present passive LED transmitter unit does not have a built-in power source, they are both safe to use in combination with explosives and inexpensive to manufacture. Designed as stickers or as labels sealed with plastic covers, they can be easily applied, for example, immediately to the explosive material, to the igniter or to parts thereof. Polymerically constructed solar cells of the thin plastic film type are already known. The iD transmitter unit can be applied to the igniter on the spot in a working step before an explosion or alternatively applied to the igniter in advance, ie. in the manufacture of the igniter in the factory. It should be understood that when blasting in densely populated areas, the possibility of being able to perform a functional check of the detonation process of charges is particularly important.
    In the following, the invention is described in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment which is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which; Fig. 1 schematically shows a portion of rock with a number of boreholes each loaded with explosive for an ointment and provided with necessary igniters, wherein, according to the invention, each charge is assigned a communication link which includes a device which by sending a radio signal with a pre-determined hrtp fl / dmszaccotmm / sites / se / Case / 125125SC / 41202326 / P41202326SEO0 / P41202326SEO0__2012- O9-26 __ 'l 20926 beskdocx 10 15 20 25 30 35 5 5 identification code (code / frequency delivers to a receiver that a respective charge contained in the ointment has detonated; Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a device included in the radio signal-based device according to the invention and comprising an ID transmitter unit with a detonation sensor, a sole, a controller or switch, and a capacitor; Fig. 3 shows in a slideshow how explosive personnel when charging an ointment apply an ID transmitter unit in the form of a label to an igniter for an explosive charge in a borehole, and Fig. 4 shows a biooxoher over circuits for transmitting identification data (ID). radio frequency signal or code) for sensing a detonation in a specific explosive charge of an ointment.
    Referring to Fig. 1, a portion of a rock i prepared for explosive ointment is sohematically shown by filling a series of drill needles 2 with explosive, in this case a bulk explosive (not shown). Together with the explosive, an ignition part 3 has been arranged in each borehole 2 in the form of an explosive capsule for subsequent ignition of the explosive in the borehole 2. The charges are connected in a known manner by means of a so-called ignition network 4 consisting of electrical supply lines intended to supply a high-frequency electrical pulse to the ignition means arranged for each charge (not shown).
    To identify each charge and to be able to check that the charges contained in the ointment are detonated in the intended manner, a communication unit is arranged in the form of an ID transmitter network '10 fi-füzn which, when charging and activating, can send identification data which may consist of an identification code. which is stored in a message clip in the unit or a radio signal with a radio transmission frequency determined for each unit. Such an ID transmitter unit 'i0:' l ~ 'i0, designed to transmit predetermined identification data in the presence and sensing of a detonation, is arranged to a respective charge 3.
    The present invention uses a receiver 20 which can receive identification data from a respective ID transmitter unit t0: 1 ~ 10. The receiver 20 can be considered stationary and can conveniently be placed at a safety distance from an explosion. Each ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 which is arranged for an explosive charge 3 for an ointment is charged with energy in the form of the light formed during the detonation. The light energy absorbed by one or more, in order to achieve the required voltage level, in series connected solar cells, is stored in an energy storage device. Using a controller or switch, the energy can be used to drive a transmitter included in the ld transmitter unit. The radio transmitter sends a radio signal with a predetermined identity for each ID transmitter unit. Due to the fact that the radlosignai has a specific identity, it also constitutes the primary identification data that is unique to the specific ID transmitter unit. Technologies that can be used in transmitting identification code via radio from an ID transmitter unit are suitably of location energy with limited range, for example RFiD technology (radio frequency identification transponder), kupa / ams .: acw.csmrsiies / se / Case / t2512588 / 412423202 - ü9-26__i 20925 beskdoox 10 15 20 25 30 35 6 Bluetooth, Zigbee or NFC (Near Field Communicaton). An advantage of the present technology in combination with explosive is that the LED transmitter unit is electrically passive until the time at which the charge detonates, whereby the LED transmitter unit is charged with electrical energy and is activated to transmit its identification signal.
    As mentioned above, the receiver 20 is intended to be placed at a suitable safety distance from the blast. The receiver 2G has the task of receiving a quantity of identification data 45 which is transmitted from each ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 in a borehole 2 at the moment when the blasting is carried out. The identification data intended to be transmitted from a respective ID transmitter unit "lflfl-'iüïn is hereinafter referred to as the primary identification data '10:" l-10: the identity number, lill-number. Said iD number may be stored in a chip in iD and contains at least information about the transmitter unit of the specific transmitter unit or is derived from a certain transmission frequency for an ID transmitter network.
    The receiver 20 is connected to a parent computer system which comprises a computer 50, CPU and a display unit 60 by means of which personnel working with the blasting can obtain information about the result of the blasting, That is, more detailed information about which of the large number of charges included in the ointment de facto detonated in the intended manner. The primary identification data transmitted via each electrically charged and activated iD transmitter unit tüït-'iüïn as a radio signal to the parent data system, collected by the receiver 20. After sorting, the data forms what is hereinafter referred to as secondary identification data. This secondary identification data is stored in the parent computer system 50. A detonation protocol is established by comparing primary and secondary identification data, checking that each ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 arranged in connection with a charge has sent a signal which can be found in the digital secondary identification data collected from the blast via the receiver 20. In this part, it should be understood that responses from the ld transmitter unit “l0: 1-10 are only obtained from the charges de facto detonated, while responses will be missing from any charges that have not detonated in the intended manner, ie. blind information in the information to warn personnel can be in the form of an audible audio signal which, for example, through different types of signal depending on the established blasting result. As an example, short tone shocks could be used to indicate a failed blast while a coherent signal could indicate a successful blast where the danger is over and all charges in the drill needle 2 have been detonated. Each iD transmitter unit ttlzt- * itlïn has a unique ID number that can be based on a predetermined code or transmission frequency. The unique ID number could of course also be linked to its geographical location in the pattern of charges in connection with the establishment of a charge protocol in the preparations for blasting an ore body. This would also make it possible to quickly and efficiently locate the exact geographical location of an entrant and take appropriate action. http fl / dmszacco.comlsites / se / CaSê / 'l25125 $ C / 412Û232Ö / P412Û232Ö $ EÛÛ / P412Û232§SEÛO__2Û12- ÛQ-ÄZÖJÉ 20925 DQSÉQÖOCX 10 15 20 25 30 35 7 Information on possible unexplained risks in the disposal of rock masses containing undetonated explosives.
    I tig. 2 shows an ID transmitter unit 1011 which in accordance with the invention is associated with a radio transmitter 11 which is arranged to transmit a predetermined identity (code or frequency) for the transmitter unit, a detonation sensor 12 which is capable of detecting a detonation, for example by being deformed by the shock wave that is formed, thereby activating the iD transmitter unit to transmit its radio signal. It is also conceivable that sensing takes place in other ways, for example through the influence of heat that occurs during a detonation. The ID transmitter unit 1011 includes in its basic configuration a capacitor 14 in which an electrical voltage can be stored, a controller 15 or switch which can control all operations in the ID transmitter unit with respect to charging and discharging the capacitor 14. The ID transmitter unit 1021 physically comprises a high voltage archipelago , comprising the above-mentioned devices and the sensor circuit devices for storing light energy and detonation sensing, the combination being sealed in a suitable manner, for example designed as a glue label or enclosed in plastic material and provided with fastening means (not shown) suitable for fixing on an igniter or in close connection to such for detecting a detonation. In order to achieve the voltage level required to operate the radio transmitter 11, the ID transmitter unit suitably comprises a plurality of series-connected solar cells 16 or alternatively also a DC / DC converter with which the limited voltage stored in the capacitor can be raised to a level sufficient to operate the radio transmitter 11. Since the IU transmitter unit 1021 remains electrically passive until the time the salvo is fired, i.e., the ID transmitter unit is charged and activated only at the same moment as a respective explosive charge 3 detonates, a very simple and energy-efficient unit is obtained. In particular, this minimizes the risk of accidental ignition of explosives as it is well known that batteries and equipment with active power supply are not suitable for use in the presence of explosives. In detonation, the capacitor 14 and thus the DD transmitter unit 1011 are charged with an electrical voltage obtained from a solar cell 16 which is charged with energy by light 16a from the detonation. The detonation causes the detonation sensor 12 to terminate via the switch 15 a circuit which activates the ID transmitter unit 1911 to transmit by means of the electrical energy stored in the capacitor 14 a radio signal with a fixed frequency which can be picked up by the receiver 20. As a result of its immediate proximity for the detonation, the ID transmitter unit 10: 1 and / or the detonation sensor 11 immediately placed at the igniter 3 will be consumed. Fig. 3 shows how an ID transmitter unit 1011 designed as a sticker or a label sealed with plastic coating can be applied to the explosive material in connection with the charging work. httpv / dmszaoco.com / siteslss / Case / 'i25125SC / 41202326 / 13412O2326SEOO / P41202326SEOOW2O12- O9-26__120926 beskdocx 10 15 20 25 8 Referring to the block diagram shown in Fig. 4, the above-described device operates as follows: In the first initial working step, an ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 is arranged for each charge 3 in a borehole and in connection therewith a charging protocol is established with information on the identity of each ID transmitter unit. It is also conceivable to indicate the geographical position of the respective LED transmitter unit in the charging protocol. The data in the load protocol, which in its simplest form may be notepad, thus constitute the primary identification data and may be transmitted to the parent computer system 50 by being entered therein. The receiver 20 is placed at a distance from the charges in the boreholes 2 which is selected so as to allow radio transmission from the respective ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 but suitably prevents the receiver 20 from being damaged by the pressure wave which occurs when the shot is fired.
    When the salvo is fired, the capacitor 14 included in each ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 is charged with electrical energy generated by the light that occurs during the detonation. In addition to said light, a pressure path also arises during the detonation which, by actuating the detonation sensor, activates the ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 to transmit a radio signal of a fixed frequency. Said radio signals 45 captured by the receiver 20 form the identity code (ID code) of the ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 which is consumed when detonating the secondary identification data which contains at least explosive charge information with which the ID transmitter unit has been associated. A detonation protocol is established by comparing primary and secondary identification data, checking that each ID transmitter unit 10: 1-10 arranged in connection with a charge has sent a signal which can be found in the digital secondary identification data collected from the blast via the receiver. The detonation protocol is presented to explosives personnel and possibly others concerned audiovisually via loudspeaker 61 or on a monitor 62.
    The present invention is not limited to what is described above or shown in the drawings, but can be changed and modified in a number of different ways within the scope of the inventive concept stated in the appended claims. - e se -.w ~ .-> «~ -. ~« ~ « ~. ~ .u- httpzlldms.zaccoeom / sites / se / Case / 1251 25SC / 41202326 / P41 202326SEOO / P41202326SEO0 ___ 2012- 09-26W12O926 beSKdoCx
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    A method for detecting the detonation of an explosive in connection with quarrying or the like using a radio signal based system comprising its or a four iD transmitter network (tO: t-1t): n) where each transmitter has a radio transmitter with a predetermined identification code (ID code) which can be transmitted upon detection of a detonation and which transmitter unit is intended to be associated with a respective explosive charge (3) in a drill pin, a receiver unit included in the system (20 ) which, at a distance from a detonation, can receive a radio signal from each of said transmitter units, characterized by the steps of the following operations; a) that each iD transmitter unit (10: 1-10: n) is arranged in such a way that it is electrically passive with the absence of its own permanent current cable, b) o) that each iD transmitter channel (10: t-'i0: n) is provided with a device (12, 14, 15, 16) which can be charged with the required electric energy and is activated to transmit its identification code by using one of the energy released during the detonation to drive the radio transmitter, c) a protocol with primary identification data is established consisting of information about the identity code for each ID transmitter unit (10: i-t0: n) when associated with a charge, d) after completion of the jump, a protocol with secondary identification data consisting of in the receiver unit is established ( Received signals (45) whose identification code from a respective iD transmitter unit constitutes acknowledgment that the charge associated with it has detonated 2. Method according to the claim i, wherein each iD transmitter unit (10: 1-10) is charged with electric e energy by receiving and converting the light (16a) which occurs during the detonation into electrical energy. A method according to claim 1, wherein each iD transmitter unit (iüti-t (Jin) is activated to transmit its identification code by sensing the chook wave propagating at the detonation A method according to claim 1, wherein after performing detonation a detonation protocol is established in which primary identification data in the form of identification code (iD number) associated with an ID transmitter unit (10: 'i-'i0: n) for a respective explosive charge before the explosion is checked against secondary identification data in the form http: lldms.zaocosomisites / se / CaS6 /' i25125SCf4- 12Û2326 / P412Û232ÖSEQÛ / P412Û232ÖS EÛÛM2Û1 2- Û9 ~ 2Öw12Û§26 ÖESKÖOCX 10 15 20 25 30 35 10 10 of a received signal with identification code from a respective ID transmitter unit after the explosion A method according to claim t, wherein any of the following means is used for established detonation protocol, a monitor (62), loudspeaker (61) or a combination of said means .. Arrangements for detecting an detonation of an explosive in connection with circuit breaker or the like, comprising a radio signal-based system consisting of one or more ID transmitter units (10: 1-10), each transmitter unit having a radio transmitter with a predetermined identification code (ID code) which can be transmitted upon sensing of a detonation and which transmitter unit is intended to be associated with a respective explosive charge (3) in a borehole, and a receiver unit (20) included in the system which is at a distance from a detonation can receive a radio signal (45) from each of said transmitter units, characterized in that each ID transmitter unit (10: 1-'10: n) comprises an energy storage device (14, 15, 16) which can be charged with the required electrical energy, a detonation sensor (12) which upon sensing a detonation activates the ID transmitter network to send its identification code (ID code) to the receiver (20), both the energy storage device and the detonation sensor utilizing a portion of the energy released during the detonation to drive the radio transmitter. Arrangement according to claim 6, comprising a controller 15) or switch which, by actuating the detonation sensor (12), controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage device (14, 15, 16). . An arrangement according to any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the energy storage anorol comprises a capacitor (14) and one or more series of solar cells (16) connected in series which are electrically connected to the capacitor in which solar cells light (18a) from the detonation are collected and converted into electric current. which is supplied to the capacitor. . Arrangement according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the identification code comprises either identity data stored in a memory clip in the unit or a radio signal which is intended to be transmitted at a radio transmission frequency determined for each unit. 1G. Arrangement according to any one of claims 6 - 9, comprising a superior computer system (50) having a computer (51) which is in communication with the receiver unit (20) and in which computer identification code from said transmitter units (10: 1-10) can received and httpz // dms.zaeccrcom / sites / se / Case! 125125SCI41202326lP41202326SE00! P41202326SEOO__2012- OQ-ZGJ 20926 beskdocx 10 15 20 25 30 35 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 11 processed for the establishment of a detonation protocol, a presentation (60) by means of which the established detonation protocol can be presented, for example, audiovisually via loudspeaker (61) or visually on a monitor (62). Arrangement according to claim 9, wherein the detonation protocol comprises a protocol based on comparisons between primary identification data comprising identification codes from ID transmitter units (10: 1-10) arranged prior to an explosion to a respective charge in a borehole (2), and secondary identification data comprising receipts of received agna signals (45) with identification codes from ID transmitter units (10: 1-10) which are charged with energy and activated to transmit their information content during the explosion. An arrangement according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the identification code transmitted from the radio transmitter may comprise any of the following systems; RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Transponder), Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi or NFC (Near Field Communicaton). Arrangement according to one of Claims 6 to 13, in which each ID transmitter unit (10: 1-10) with associated energy storage device (14, 15, 16) and detonation sensor (12) forms a coherent unit. Arrangement according to claim 13, wherein the ID transmitter unit (10: 1-10) is suitably sealed, for example enclosed in plastic material and designed as an adhesive label intended to be attached to an igniter or in close proximity to one for sensing a detonation. . Ignition means intended to detonate an explosion during quarrying or similar blasting work, characterized in that an energy storage device (14, 15, 16) and a detonation sensor (12) which can be connected to a controller 15) or switch a radio signal-based ID transmitter unit (10z1-10zn) which is electrically passive until the time at which the charge detonates, the ID transmitter unit, by the action of energy from the detonation being charged with energy and activated to transmit a predetermined identification code which can be captured by a radio receiver (20). http: I / dms.zacco.com / sites / se / CaSe / 'l 25125SC / 412Û2326 / P41ZÜZ3ZÖSEÛÛ / P41202326SEOÛ ___ 2012- Û9-26__120926 DSESKÅOCX 12 16. Using an iD transmitter unit (10: 1-10: n) den type as claimed in claim 6 in combination with an ignition medium or an explosive device for rock mining or similar blasting work. , -., .-; .. ~ + -. ~ .- .-.-_- _ »_-, ~>, ~ . httpzf / dms.zaccosemlsites / seICaS6f1251 25SC / 4120232ÜP412ÜZ3ZGSEÛÛIP412Û2326SEÛÛm2Ü12- Q9-2 fi_12 (} 92§ bêâkdüßx
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE536665C2|2014-05-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1250984|2012-09-04|
    SE1251119A|SE536665C2|2012-09-04|2012-10-03|Method and arrangement for detecting an explosive detonation|SE1251119A| SE536665C2|2012-09-04|2012-10-03|Method and arrangement for detecting an explosive detonation|
    PCT/SE2013/051160| WO2014055024A1|2012-10-03|2013-10-03|Method and arrangement for detecting an explosive detonation|
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