专利摘要:
SUMMARY This document shows a suspension device (20) for agricultural implements, comprising a housing (22, 23), a beam (111 ') extending through the housing, and at least two spring elements (21a, 21b arranged in a space between the housing and the beam). , 24a, 24b). The housing and the beam are resiliently rotatable relative to each other about an axis of rotation (C) extending along a longitudinal direction (L) of the beam. The at least two spring elements (21a, 21b, 24a, 24b) differ significantly from each other in terms of shape and / or material properties, and with the first and second side surfaces (111r1,111r2; 111p1) cooperating with the respective spring elements (21a, 21b, 24a, 24b). 111p2) of the beam (111 ') differs substantially from each other with respect to the radius of curvature (R), seen in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L). Publication image: Fig 4a
公开号:SE1251093A1
申请号:SE1251093
申请日:2012-09-27
公开日:2014-03-28
发明作者:Bengt Sandberg
申请人:Väderstad Verken Ab;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

1015202530In addition, it is desirable to provide suspension devices whoselateral suspension characteristics are less dependent on the suspension characteristics inforward direction of travel.
SummaryA purpose of this document is thus to provide a inat least some of the above-mentioned improved suspension device.
The invention is defined by the appended independent claims.
Embodiments are set forth in the appended dependent claimsthe following description and of the drawings.
According to a first aspect, a suspension device is provided foragricultural implements, comprising a casing, a beam extending through the casing,and at least two arranged in a space between the housing and the beamspring element. The housing and the beam are resiliently rotatable relative to each otherabout an axis of rotation extending along a longitudinal direction of the beam.
At least two spring elements differ significantly from each other with respect toshape and / or material properties, and with the respective spring elementscooperating first and second side surfaces of the beam differ significantly fromeach other with respect to the radius of curvature, seen in a plane perpendicular tolongitudinal direction.
By "side surface" is meant the main surfaces of the beam, with the exception of whatwhich can be considered as transitional sections at the corner of the beam.
By "axis of rotation" is meant here an approximate axis about which rotationcan happen. It will be appreciated that in suspension devices of the present type,the axis of rotation is shifted slightly depending on the size and direction of the loads.
By "significantly different" is meant that the difference goes beyond what isattributable to manufacturing tolerances.
By using a combination of spring elements that are different sizesand side surfaces that have smaller radii of curvature (ie are not flat), it ispossible to provide a suspension device which has different characteristicsload with forces from different directions in the cross-sectional plane. For example, it ispossible to provide a suspension device which is stiffer in one direction(for example vertically) than in another direction (for example horizontally),1015202530at the same time as the suspension device can be given a longer suspension path when rotatingloading. It is also possible to provide a suspension device whichhas higher lateral stiffness (rotation around one with the direction of travelparallel axis) at the same time as the rigidity of rotation about substantiallytransverse shaft (seen relative to the direction of travel) can be maintained or cleanof is reduced.
Said first and second side surfaces of the beam may constitute substantiallyadjacent side surfaces.
The beam may have pairs of opposite side surfaces, the side surfaces ofa pair of opposing side surfaces may have substantially the samecurvature radius.
At least one of said side surfaces may be substantially convex as seen insaid plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
The beam can be designed essentially as a square tube, in whichthe first pair of opposite side surfaces has a smaller radius of curvature thanthe second pair of opposite side surfaces.
The first pair of opposing side surfaces may be the upper respectivelower side surfaces and the second pair of opposite side surfaces may formessentially vertical side surfaces.
A spring element that cooperates with a side surface with lessradius of curvature may have a less radial extent than a spring element whichinteracts with a side surface that has a larger radius of curvature.
By "radial extent" is meant here radial in relation to the beamcenter axis. Furthermore, the extent refers to unloaded condition.
The suspension device may comprise pairs of on opposite sides ofbeam elements located in the beam, and at least one of the spring elements of a firstof said pair may differ substantially in shape and / ormaterial properties from at least one spring element of a second of said pairof spring elements.
Two spring elements forming a pair of spring elements may besubstantially identical in shape and / or material properties.1015202530The above-mentioned shape may be at least one of a cross-sectional shape, across-sectional area, a length, and a cross-sectional variation along a longitudinal direction ofthe spring element.
The above-mentioned material properties can be at least one of a material typeand a hardness.
According to a second aspect, the use of asuspension device as described above in an agricultural implement.
The suspension device can be used to spring a ground gripperpart, wherein the ground engaging part is selected from a group consisting of oneharrow plate, a seed plate, a disc beetle, a leveling tool, a strip stick,a manure plate, a wheel, a wheel stand, a roller, a pin beetle and aharrow pin.
Thus, the ground-engaging part can be protected from damage duringfor example, stone impact, is brought to follow the contours of the ground and thusmaintain a predetermined machining depth, and / or contribute toachieve a given abutment force against the ground in a configuration therethe beam is rotatable to provide adjustable prestress against the ground.
According to a third aspect, an agricultural tool is provided extensivelyat least one suspension device as described above.
Brief description of the drawingsFig. 1 is a perspective view of an agricultural implement in the form of a seed drill.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the agricultural implement in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a detail view of the side view of Fig. 2.
Figs. 4a-4b are side views of a suspension device in different load cases.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view / perspective view of the suspension device in fig4a / 4b.
Figs. 6a-6b show a variant of spring elements.
Figs. 7a-7b show a further variant of spring elements.
Figs. 8a-8b show another variant of spring elements.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing suspension angle i as a function of time for oneprior art suspension device and a suspension device according tothe invention.1015202530Fig. 10 is a graph showing spring force as a function of suspension anglefor suspension devices according to prior art and a suspension device according tothe invention.
Description of embodimentsFig. 1 shows an agricultural implement 1 in the form of a seed drill, which has oneframe 11, a seed box 12 and a plurality of tillage tools, here in the form ofharrow tines 13, leveling gear 14, two rows of seed plates 15, 16 andpacker wheels 17.
The frame 11 may comprise a longitudinal beam 11 and a pluralitytransverse beams 111, 111 ', on which the tools 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 may besuspended. In the example shown, the harrow tines 13 andthe leveling tool 14 a part formed of spring steel, and thusproduces resilient effect of the respective tool. The seat plates 15, 16 arehowever, suspended on a respective rigid arm 25 (Fig. 3), and therefore having onesuspension device 20 is arranged between the beam 111 'and the arm 25.
Fig. 4a shows the suspension device 20 and the arm 25 in mounted butunloaded condition. Fig. 4b shows the suspension device 20 in loaded condition,where the housing 22, 23 is rotated in the direction B about the suspension device 20axis of rotation C.
The suspension device 20 comprises a beam 111 ', which is designed asa modified square beam, in which upper and lower side surfaces 111r1, 111r2are essentially convex. Specifically, the side surfaces 111r1, 111r2 may be curvedfor example substantially parabolic shape, substantially elliptical shape oressentially circular shape. In the example shown, the side surfaces have 111r1, 111r2circular shape with a radius of curvature R that is equal to the distance fromthe center C of the beam to the side surfaces 111r1, 111r2. The vertical side surfaces 111p1,111p2 may, but need not, be substantially planar, i.e. exhibit "infinitelarge radius of curvature ”.
The suspension device further comprises a housing, which is formed by twoparts 22, 23, which are joined together by fastening means, here in the form of screw andbolted joints engaging flanges 22a, 23a; 22a, 22b of the housing 22, 23 on1015202530per se known manner. The arm 25 is attached to one of the parts 23, for example by onewelds.
Just as with the known suspension devices, which were discussedabove, are the beam 111 'and the housing 22, 23, which form a square cavity,rotated about 45 ° in relation to each other, so that four triangularspaces are formed, where the beam 111 'and side surface 111p1, 111p2,111r1,111r2 forms a longest side of the respective triangular space.
In each triangular space is a spring element 21a, 21b, 24a, 24bplaced. By mounting the spring elements 21a, 21b, 24a, 24b inthe spaces, the spring elements 21a, 21b, 24a, 24b are deformed and clampedbetween the beam 111 'and the housing 22, 23 in the respective space.
The spring elements here comprise two pairs of mutually identical spring members.elements, where a first pair of spring elements 21a, 21b are designed tocooperate with the convex side surfaces 111r1, 111r2 of the beam 111 and oneother pairs of spring elements are designed to cooperate with the planesside surfaces111p1, 111p2 of the back |
In the example shown, all spring elements have the same shape inunloaded condition, but different cross-sectional area: the first spring elements 21a,21b has a substantially smaller cross-sectional area than the other spring elements 24a,24b.
Referring to Fig. 5, the housing 22, 23 may have at its axial end portionsarranged inwardly extending projections 221, 231, which are designed toact axial relative movement between on the one hand the housing 22, 23 and the beam 111 'and on the other hand the spring elements 21a, 21b, 24a, 24b.
Figs. 6a and 6b show a spring element 21a according to the design shownappears in Figures 4a-5.
Figs. 7a, 7b show an alternative embodiment of spring elements 21 a ', whichprovided with a pair of annular ridges 211, and a support portion 212, which isdesigned for abutment against the side surface 111r1, 111r2 to reduce the risk ofthe spring element 21a 'rolls off the beam 111' in connection with mounting ofthe suspension device 20. In the embodiment shown, the support portion 212 is formedas a cut-off portion of the ridge 211. It will be appreciated that the support portion maycome in many different ways, for example by coming up with a plan1015202530(for example flattened or cut away) support surface along the entire spring element21alength.
Figs. 8a, 8b show a further embodiment of spring elements 21a ", whichdesigned as a body with a cross-section that substantially corresponds to theangular space between the rounded side surface 111r1, 111r2 andthe housing 22, 23. The body may be hollow and have one or more along the profileextending cavities 21a "1, 21a" 2, 21a "3, In the embodiment shown isthe body is symmetrical along the plane S and has a central cavity 21 a "2which are divided into equal parts of this plan. At the body, seen from the plane S, distalends, additional cavities 21a ”1, 21a” 3 may be located. The distalthe cavities 21a ”1, 21a” 3 may have a smaller cross-sectional area than the central onethe cavity 21 a ”2.
The cavities 21a "1.21a" 2.21a "3, may be connected by a channel21a "4, which may be so formed that the surfaces defining the channel 21a" 4can be displaced relative to each other when the spring element 21 a ”is exposed to oneshear force. These surfaces can be designed to slide against each other whenthe spring element 21 a ”is subjected to a shear force.
Furthermore, the body may have a curved, for example concave, surface 21a ”5,which in shape and size substantially corresponds to the side surface 111r1 ofthe beam 111 'with which the spring element 21a' is to cooperate.
The spring elements 21a, 21a ", 21a", 21b, 24a, 24b may be constituted by abody formed of a rubber or rubber-like material andhave a substantially cylindrical shape. By rubber-like material is meantmaterials that have rubber-like properties, ie. flexible, resilientand exhibits hysteresis.
In particular, the spring element 21a ”shown in Figs. 8a-8b can be formed fromrubber or rubber-like materials, but also of other materials, such asthermoplastic. For example, the spring element 21a "can be designed as oneinjection molded or extruded profile.
As can be seen from the above, the spring elements caninteracts with rounded side surfaces 111r1, 111r2 be mutually essentialidentical, whether the design is according to Figs. 6a-6b, 7a-7b or 8a-8b orOther.1015202530In the same way, the spring elements 24a, 24b which cooperate withsubstantially flat side surfaces 111p1, 111p2 of the beam 111 'be relative to each otheressentially identical.
The spring elements that cooperate with rounded side surfaces 111r1, 111r2may be formed of materials with greater hardness than those substantiallyflat side surfaces111p1, 111p2 at the beam 111 ”. For example, they canthe former spring elements have a hardness of about 80 Shore A and theythe latter about 70 Shore A.
The beam 111 ', the housing 22, 23 and the spring elements 21a, 21b, 24a, 24b,21a ', 21a ”can be designed so that the beam and the housing can be rotated relative to each other insufficient extent without direct contact between the beam and the housing,as this can lead to wear on the beam and / or casing.
Furthermore, the beam 111 'and the housing 22, 23 are suitably designed so that alargest radial distance ie between the rounded side surface 111r1, 111r2 andthe housing 22, 23 is smaller than a maximum radial distance db between the planes of the beamside surface 111p1, 111p2 and the housing 22, 23.
It will be appreciated that each spring element may, but need not, be formed inone piece. It is possible to provide a spring element in the form of a pluralityspring element parts, which are placed in a row along the longitudinal direction L. of the beam.
Fig. 9 shows the resilience process (angle v as a function of time t) of asuspension device of known type, according to for example GB652266A (dashed line)compared to the resilience process of a suspension device according to the present inventioninvention (solid line).
As can be seen from Fig. 9, the invention provides shorter return strokesand a slightly longer damping process, which means reduced stresson beam, attachment and tools.
Fig. 10 shows the resilience process (force F as a function of angle v) ofsuspension devices of known type (dashed lines) compared to asuspension device according to the invention (solid line). The left curve(longer dash) refers to a suspension device designed in accordance with GB652266A andthe middle curve (shorter dash) refers to a suspension device according toSE534357C2.1015202530As can be seen from Fig. 10, the invention is achieved furtherd ädnngsväg.
A suspension device 20 as described above can be usedfor attaching tools such as plates, discs, leveling tools,strip sticks, fertilizer plates, wheels, wheel racks, roller rollers or stick beetles. Furtherthe suspension device can be used for other applications inagricultural implements, such as straps for belts andHknande.
A suspension device as described herein is particularly largeapplication to tools designed to move soil laterally, such asfor example plates of various kinds and with tools where great lateral rigidityneed to be combined with good soil compliance, such as different typesof sowing and fertilizing devices, in order to maintain a constant distancebetween rows of discharged material.
It will be appreciated that the beam 111 'may, but need not, be shapedessentially like a square beam. It is conceivable to use a beam witharbitrary basic cross-section, and where at least one side surface has been modified to exhibita smaller radius of curvature than at least one other side surface. The modified(with smaller radius of curvature) the side surface can, but must not, be adjacent to a nonmodified (eg flat) side surface. For example, the modified surface mayand the unmodified surface has an intermediate angle V ascendingto the order of 60 ° -120 ° when using a beam with between three andsix edges. In the example shown, the intermediate angle V is 90 °. AsIn another example, an L-beam can be used, where one flange forms oneside surface that has a larger curvature area than the side surface formed by the otherthe flange. Such an L-beam can be supplemented with a storage device such asallows rotating movement while keeping the spring elements compressedtowards the side surfaces.
权利要求:
Claims (14)
[1]
A suspension device (20) for agricultural implements, comprising: a housing (22, 23), a beam (111 ') extending through the housing, and at least two spring elements (21a, 21b, 24a) arranged in a space between the housing and the beam, 24b), the housing and the beam being resiliently rotatable relative to each other about an axis of rotation (C) extending along a longitudinal direction (L) of the beam, characterized in that said at least two spring elements (21a, 21b, 24a, 24b) differ substantially from each other with respect to shape and / or material properties, and that the first and second side surfaces (111r1, 111r2; 111p1, 111p2) of the beam (111 ') cooperating with the respective spring elements (21a, 21b, 24a, 24b) differ substantially from each other by with respect to the radius of curvature (R), seen in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L).
[2]
Suspension device according to claim 1, wherein said first and second side surfaces (111r1, 111r2; 111p1, 111p2) of the beam constitute substantially adjacent side surfaces.
[3]
Suspension device according to claim or 2, wherein the beam has pairs of opposite side surfaces (111r1, 111r2; 111p1, 111p2), and wherein the side surfaces of a pair of opposite side surfaces have substantially the same radius of curvature (R).
[4]
Suspension device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said side surfaces (111r1, 111r2) is substantially convex in said plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L).
[5]
Suspension device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the beam (111 ') is formed substantially as a square tube, in which the first pair of opposite side surfaces (111r1, 111r2) has a smaller radius of curvature than the second pair of opposite side surfaces (111p1, 111p2).
[6]
Suspension device according to claim 5, wherein the first pair of opposite side surfaces (111r1, 111r2) constitute upper and lower side surfaces, respectively, and wherein the second pair of opposite side surfaces (111p1, 111p2) constitute substantially vertical side surfaces.
[7]
A suspension device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a spring element (21a, 21b) cooperating with a side surface (111r1, 111r2) with a smaller radius of curvature (R) has a less radial extent than a spring element (24a, 24b) cooperating with a side surface (111p1, 111p2) that has a larger radius of curvature (R)
[8]
Suspension device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the suspension device (20) comprises pairs of spring elements (21a, 21b, 24a, 24b) located on opposite sides (111r1, 111r2; 111p1, 111p2) of the beam, and wherein at least one of the spring elements of a first of said pairs (21a, 21b) differs substantially in shape and / or material properties from at least one spring element of a second (24a, 24b) of said pair of spring elements.
[9]
Suspension device according to claim 8, wherein two spring elements (21a, 21b; 24a, 24b)) which form a pair of spring elements are substantially identical in shape and / or material properties.
[10]
Said shape is at least one of a cross-sectional shape, a cross-sectional area, a length, Suspension device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein and a cross-sectional variation along a longitudinal direction (L) of the spring element (111r1,111r2; 111p1,111p2).
[11]
Suspension device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said material properties are at least one of a material type and / or a hardness. 10 15 12
[12]
12. previous requirements in an agricultural implement. Use of a suspension device according to any of
[13]
A ground engaging member according to claim 12, wherein the suspension device (20) is the part selected from a group consisting of a harrow disc, a seed disc, a disc beetle, a leveling tool, a strip pin, a fertilizer disc, a transport wheels, a wheel stand, a roller, a packer wheel, a pin beetle and a male / pin.
[14]
According to any one of claims 1-11. Agricultural implements (1) comprising at least one suspension device
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法律状态:
2019-04-30| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
SE1251093A|SE536658C2|2012-09-27|2012-09-27|Suspension device in agricultural implements and agricultural implements including such suspension device|SE1251093A| SE536658C2|2012-09-27|2012-09-27|Suspension device in agricultural implements and agricultural implements including such suspension device|
EP13840398.5A| EP2901038A4|2012-09-27|2013-09-25|Suspension device in agricultural implement and agricultural implement comprising such suspension device|
PCT/SE2013/051115| WO2014051507A1|2012-09-27|2013-09-25|Suspension device in agricultural implement and agricultural implement comprising such suspension device|
US14/423,104| US9609798B2|2012-09-27|2013-09-25|Suspension device in agricultural implement|
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