瑞典专利SE1151072A1 Piston and crankcase assemblies

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专利摘要:
In an assembly (1) of an internal combustion engine consisting of piston (2) and connecting rod (17), the piston comprises a piston crown (3), a piston skirt (4) and portions (10, 14) for receiving a piston bolt (6) with which the piston is intended to be supported on the connecting rod. The piston skirt has a closed bottom part (15) and openings (16) sealing against the piston bolt in its portion for receiving the piston bolt, but otherwise completely encloses a bottom part (12) of the piston crown as well as the portion (10) of the piston crown for receiving the piston bolt. The connecting rod further has a fork shape at its end facing the piston (19). A piston and a connecting rod, respectively, for use in such an assembly are likewise provided. (Fig. 2)
公开号:SE1151072A1
申请号:SE1151072
申请日:2011-11-11
公开日:2013-05-12
发明作者:Peter Nyberg
申请人:Peter Nyberg；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

15 20 25 30 2 A more special object of the invention is to provide an improved piston and connecting rod assembly for internal combustion engines, which is adapted for high operating temperatures.
Other specific purposes of the invention are to provide a piston resp. a connecting rod for use in such a piston and connecting rod assembly.
These and other objects are achieved by the invention as defined in the appended claims.
The invention generally relates to a piston and connecting rod assembly for internal combustion engines, where the piston has a piston crown, a piston skirt and portions thereof which receive a piston bolt with which the piston crown and piston skirt are supported on the connecting rod. In a basic embodiment, the piston skirt has a completely closed bottom part and further has in its portion for receiving the piston bolt, openings which seal against it. Otherwise, the piston skirt completely encloses a bottom portion of the piston crown as well as the portion thereof which receives the piston bolt.
Finally, the connecting rod has a fork shape at its end facing the piston.
According to other aspects of the invention, this provides an expedient piston and an expedient connecting rod adapted for use in a piston and connecting rod assembly according to the invention.
Basic embodiments of the piston and connecting rod assembly according to the invention provide the advantages of: reduced heat transfer between the piston crown and hot engine oil a; and thus increased service life of engine oil; reduced coking phenomena at the lower surfaces of the piston; reduced fuel consumption through more complete combustion; and few parts included in the unit.
Further developments of the invention and embodiments thereof are set out in the subclaims.
Other advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention. 10 15 20 25 30 3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention and further objects and advantages thereof will be best understood by reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a piston with connecting rod according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the piston with connecting rod shown in Fig. 1 according to the invention, along a first line A-A marked in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of the piston with connecting rod according to the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in a section along a second line B-B through the connecting rod in Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view from below of the piston crown in the piston according to Figs. 1-3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The invention and its principles will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments of a piston and connecting rod assembly as well as a piston and a connecting rod, respectively, for such an assembly. These embodiments are shown partly schematically in the accompanying drawing figures 1-4 and relate to an application of the basic principles of the solution according to the invention to a type of two-part piston for internal combustion engines known in its basic embodiment. The illustrated embodiments are given as an example of such an application and it should be emphasized that the illustrations are for the sole purpose of showing and describing preferred embodiments. Thus, they are not intended to limit the invention to particular applications or to the details shown in the drawings.
With reference to the initial discussion, it is clear that many of the problems that occur with engines that are intended to operate at elevated temperatures are due to heat expansion phenomena, coking problems and related effects. The invention strives to find solutions to these problems by proposing a new piston and connecting rod combination that allows heat and coking problems to be eliminated in a completely new way. Basically, these solutions mean that the hottest part of the piston, ie. the piston crown, and in particular its underside, is protected from contact with oil in the engine. A basic feature of these solutions is a special design of the underside of the piston skirt with a closed bottom part which effectively protects the underside of the piston crown.
In the accompanying drawings, as mentioned above, an assembly 1 consisting of piston 2 and connecting rod 17 for an internal combustion engine is shown. The piston 2 is of a two-part type where the piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 consist of separate parts. The piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 both have storage portions 10 and 10, respectively. 14 for receiving a piston bolt 6 shown schematically in the figures. By means of the piston bolt 6, the piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 are intended to be rotatably supported relative to the connecting rod 17 shown only partially in the drawings. Such a piston 2 is particularly suitable for use in engines. with higher operating temperatures. This is partly because it allows the use of various specially adapted materials in the crown 3, which is exposed to the highest temperatures, and the skirt 4 which at its outer circumference has grooves 5 for receiving conventional, not shown piston rings. As indicated earlier, the different materials in the different parts can consist of e.g. steel in the crown 3 and an aluminum alloy in the skirt 4. A gap 8 between the various parts is also contributed to the temperature resistance of the unit 1 by means of a suitable sealing arrangement 7. The sealed gap 8 ensures that heat expansion in the piston crown 3 exposed to the highest temperatures is not transferred to the piston skirt 4. This is important so as not to overload the piston rings. By taking up the temperature movements of the piston crown 3 in the gap 8, it is possible to prevent the piston rings, which abut sealingly against a cylinder wall (not shown) in the motor, from cutting against this cylinder wall.
The piston crown 3 is basically built up of a generally disc-shaped upper part 9 which merges into its portion 10 for receiving the piston bolt 6, which in turn uninterruptedly merges into a downwardly completely closed bottom part 12. The piston crown portion 10 is preferably sealingly mounted on the piston bolt received therein. 6 through a transversely through-through bore 11. In order to avoid problems caused by temperature differences with play in the bearing, the piston crown 3 is e.g. connected to the piston bolt 6 by press fitting. From Figs. 2-4 in particular it further appears that in the example shown also the portion 10 of the piston crown for receiving the piston bolt 6 is basically formed with a general circular cylinder shape of smaller diameter than that of its upper disc-shaped part 9. Portions on opposite sides of the circular cylinder shapes are removed so that the portion 10 of the piston crown 3 which receives the piston bolt 6 has a generally rectangular shape in cross section with rounded short sides corresponding to the outer circumference of the cylinder shape. The bore 11 is formed transversely through the portion 10 and opens at the sides formed by the removed portions of the cylindrical mold.
The piston skirt 4 consists in the upper part of an upper part 13 which is completely open upwards, which has a general cylindrical shape and which at its outer circumference has the said piston ring grooves 5. The upper part 13 merges unbroken into the portion 14 of the piston skirt 4 for receiving the piston bolt 6 and then in a downwardly completely closed bottom part 15. All these parts of the piston skirt 4 are, like the described parts of the piston crown 3, suitably made in one piece with each other. The bearing portion 14 for the piston bolt 6 is then formed with diametrically opposite openings 16 sealingly sealing against the piston bolt through the outer wall of the piston skirt 4. The bearing of the piston bolt 6 in the piston skirt 4 can be carried out in any conventional manner known to those skilled in the art which ensures a seal outwards against engine oil in a surrounding cylinder (not shown) and has therefore not been shown specifically on the drawing gurus. As for the piston crown 3, it further holds that the portion 14 of the piston skirt 4 for receiving the piston bolt 6 is basically formed with a general circular cylinder shape which in this case is the same as for the upper part 13. Portions on opposite sides of the circular cylinder shape are also here removed so that the portion 14 receiving the piston bolt 6 has a generally rectangular shape in cross section with rounded short sides corresponding to the outer circumference of the cylindrical shape.
Otherwise, the piston skirt 4 with its portion 14 for receiving the piston bolt 6 and its closed bottom part 15 completely encloses the bottom part 12 of the piston crown 3 as well as its portion 10 for receiving the piston bolt 6. This effectively prevents oil from the engine from coming into contact with the piston crown. 3 different parts and lots and overheated by these. Specifically, the parts 13, 15 and the portion 14 of the piston skirt 4 are adapted to the shape of the corresponding parts 9, 12 and portion 10 of the piston crown 3. Mounted on the piston bolt 6, piston crown 3 and piston skirt 4 form a substantially unbroken or continuous, heat insulating gap 8 therein. between. The gap 8 is formed between outer surfaces of the upper part 9 of the piston crown 3, its portion 10 for receiving the piston bolt 6 and its closed bottom part 12 and inner surfaces of the upper part 13 of the piston skirt 4, its portion 14 for receiving the piston bolt 6 and its closed bottom part 15. The gap thus acts for thermal insulation against the underside of the piston crown 3 which is normally the hottest surface of the piston 2. Thus, heat transport between the material of the piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 can be absent or at least greatly reduced. The gap 8 between the piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 is suitably sealed at the upper region of the upper part 13 of the piston skirt 4 by means of a seal 7 supported in a groove at an outer surface of the portion 10 of the piston crown 3 for receiving the piston bolt. 6. Even if the gap 8 between the piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 in the drawing ﬁ gures is shown with a certain width, it should be obvious that this gap 8, depending on the application, can be made with a larger or smaller width than the one shown. A wider gap can be used, for example, at very high operating temperatures, to effectively prevent heat transfer from piston crown 3 to piston skirt 4. On the other hand, a narrower gap can be considered when limited space is available in piston 2 and also to reduce unwanted movement between piston crown and piston skirt. The gap may in any case be narrower at the top, between the upper parts of the piston crown and the piston skirt than at the lower parts thereof.
As can be seen from Figs. 1-3, the assembly 1 uses a specifically designed connecting rod 17 which in its end 19 facing the piston 2 has a fork shape. The fork furnace is formed by two separate fork legs 21, 22 starting from the crankshaft 17 partially shown in the drawings. The opposite end of the main portion 20 is not shown here but has a completely conventional construction for storage on a crankshaft also not shown. In the example, the fork legs 21, 22 consist of two spaced apart ears, each with a substantially central bore 18 for the bearing of the piston bolt 6. In the assembled condition, the fork legs / ears 21, 22 engage from opposite sides of the closed bottom part 15 of the piston skirt 4 and its piston bolt 6 receiving and against this sealing portion 14. In this condition the connecting rod 17 engages with its fork-shaped end 19 facing the piston 2, i.e. with the separated fork legs / ears 21, 22, also from opposite sides of the closed bottom part 12 of the piston crown 3 and its piston bolt 6 receiving and against this sealing portion 10. The piston bolt 6 extends completely through the aligned bores 11, 16 in the piston crown 3 resp. the piston skirt 4 and at least partially through the bonds 18 in the forked ends 21, 22 of the fork-shaped end 19.
The choice of material in the parts of the piston 2 depends in part on the intended application, but as mentioned above, the piston top 3 should generally be made of steel or reinforced heat-resistant material, while the piston skirt 4 may advantageously contain a lighter material, such as aluminum. Furthermore, the piston crown 3 as in the embodiment shown can be homogeneous. In applications where a reduced weight is desired, the piston crown 3, or more precisely its portion 10 and to some extent its bottom part 12, may alternatively have a hollow shape. With such a piston and connecting rod assembly 1 according to the invention, the desired objectives are achieved, namely partly that the piston 2, and more specifically the underside of the piston crown 3, is protected from "coking", i.e. that oil gets in there and burns there. With this design, the working temperature of the piston 2 can also be raised, which results in improved combustion and lower fuel consumption. Since oil in the engine does not cool the hottest part of the piston 2, ie. piston crown 3, the engine oil can also retain its quality for longer operating time. By mounting the piston skirt 4 on the piston bolt 6 by means of its bearing portion 14 which in mounted condition connects sealingly to the piston bolt 6, this too and in particular when its portions stored in the piston crown 3 and the piston skirt 4 can be protected from the influence of hot oil. The intention of this is also to effectively seal so that hot oil cannot enter the gap 8 between the piston skirt 4 and the underside of the piston crown 3.
In alternative, but not specifically shown embodiments of the invention, variants or modifications of the various shown parts thereof may be utilized without departing from the scope of the invention. Above all, the invention is not limited to the schematic embodiment of the two-part piston shown and described. Although the invention can today be assumed to have its greatest area of use in engines which are specifically intended to operate at higher operating temperatures, the invention to its widest extent also includes variants and modifications of such a piston where its distinctive features provide the same basic functions and benefits as described above. . An example of this may be another embodiment of the complementary mating parts of the piston skirt and piston crown. Although the invention has been shown and described with particular reference to an application intended especially for relatively low speed four-stroke engines for heavy vehicles, the invention should in no way be limited to just such applications. The basic principles of the invention can thus be applied to other types of engines and to other types of vehicles.
The invention has been described in connection with an embodiment which is currently considered to be most practical and expedient, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and described. It also encompasses any practically feasible combination of features shown and / or described herein and is thus intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements which fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1]
An assembly (1) consisting of piston (2) and connecting rod (17) for an internal combustion engine, the piston comprising a piston crown (3), a piston skirt (4) and portions (10 and 14, respectively) thereof for receiving of a piston bolt (6) by means of which piston crown and piston skirt are intended to be rotatably supported on the connecting rod (17), characterized in that: a) the piston skirt has a completely closed bottom part (15); b) the piston skirt in its portion (14) for receiving the piston bolt has sealing openings (16) against the piston bolt but otherwise completely encloses a bottom part (12) of the piston crown as well as the portion (10) of the piston crown for receiving the piston bolt; and that c) the connecting rod at its end (19) facing the piston has a fork shape.
[2]
Assembly (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod (17) in the fork-shaped end (19) facing the piston, with separated fork legs (21, 22) from opposite sides, grips the closed bottom part (4) of the piston skirt (4) 15) and its portion (14) sealing against the piston bolt (6).
[3]
Assembly (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting rod (17) in mounted condition, in its fork-shaped end (19) facing the piston, with the separated fork legs (21, 22) from opposite sides also engages the piston crown (3) closed bottom part (12) and its portion (10) for receiving the piston bolt (6) and that the piston bolt extends completely through this portion (10) of the piston crown (3) and through the portion (14) of the piston skirt (4) for receiving the piston bolt (6) and at least partially through the spaced fork legs (21, 22) in the fork-shaped end (19) of the connecting rod.
[4]
Assembly (1) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a continuous heat-insulating gap (8) is formed between outer surfaces of an upper part (9) of the piston crown (3), its portion (10) for receiving the piston bolt (6) and its closed bottom part (12) and inner surfaces of an upper part (13) of the piston skirt (4), its portion (14) receiving the piston bolt (6) and its closed bottom part (15).
[5]
Assembly (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that a seal (7) is supported at an outer surface of the piston crown (3) for sealing the gap (8) between the piston crown and the piston skirt (4). 10 15 20 25 30
[6]
Assembly (1) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the piston crown (3) likewise has a bottom part (12) which is completely closed and in its portion (10) for receiving the piston bolt (6) has a transversely extending therethrough and sealingly through the piston bolt received therein, through bore (1 1).
[7]
Assembly (1) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the piston crown (3) is homogeneous or alternatively has an at least partially hollow shape in its bottom part (12) and in its portion (10) for receiving the piston bolt (6).
[8]
Piston (2) for an assembly (1) according to one or more of claims 1-7, with a piston crown (3), a piston skirt (4) and portions (10 and 14) thereof, respectively, which receive a piston bolt (6 ) by means of which the piston crown and piston skirt are intended to be rotatably supported on a connecting rod (17), characterized in that: a) the piston skirt of the piston has a completely closed bottom part (15); and b) the closed bottom part of the piston skirt merges unbroken into its portion (14) which receives the piston bolt, which has openings (16) sealing against the piston bolt but otherwise completely encloses a bottom part (12) of the piston crown as well as the portion of the piston crown (10) which receives the piston bolt.
[9]
Piston (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that the piston crown (3) likewise has a bottom part (12) which is completely closed and which uninterruptedly merges into its portion (10) which receives the piston bolt (6), which portion has a transversely extending therethrough and sealingly through the piston bolt received therein, through bore (11).
[10]
Crankshaft (17) for an assembly (1) consisting of piston (2) and connecting rod according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connecting rod (19) has a fork shape with an end facing the piston in the mounted condition with separate fork legs (21, 22) which from opposite sides grip parts and portions (10, 12, 14, 15) of the piston (2).

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引用文献:

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DD254049A1|1986-11-28|1988-02-10|Thaelmann Fahrzeug Jagdwaffen|PISTON FLUID FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES|

FR2609502B1|1987-01-12|1991-04-12|Moteur Moderne Le|MOBILE EQUIPMENT FOR A HEAT ENGINE AND A HEAT ENGINE COMPRISING SUCH A MOBILE EQUIPMENT|

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SE535330C2|2010-12-09|2012-06-26|Peter Nyberg|Högtemperaturkolv|

JP6059867B2|2011-09-09|2017-01-11|古野電気株式会社|Ultrasonic detection device, ultrasonic detection method, ultrasonic detection program|CN104389679A|2014-11-20|2015-03-04|湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司|Engine and piston connecting rod group thereof|

法律状态:

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

SE1151072A|SE536159C2|2011-11-11|2011-11-11|Piston and crankcase assemblies|SE1151072A| SE536159C2|2011-11-11|2011-11-11|Piston and crankcase assemblies|

BR112014011393A| BR112014011393A2|2011-11-11|2012-09-07|piston and connecting rod assembly|

JP2014541002A| JP2014533338A|2011-11-11|2012-09-07|Piston and connecting rod assembly|

CN201280066932.5A| CN104160138B|2011-11-11|2012-09-07|Piston and connecting rod assembly|

PCT/SE2012/050945| WO2013070142A1|2011-11-11|2012-09-07|Piston and connecting rod assembly|

EP12847450.9A| EP2776698B1|2011-11-11|2012-09-07|Piston and connecting rod assembly|

US14/355,880| US9670869B2|2011-11-11|2012-09-07|Piston and connecting rod assembly|

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