瑞典专利SE1150140A1 Arrangement for cooling an energy store in a vehicle

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专利摘要:
The present invention relates to an arrangement for cooling an energy storage (8) in a vehicle (1). The arrangement comprises a conduit circuit (12), ﬂ genuine (13) adapted to circulate a gaseous medium in the conduit circuit (12), a cooler (14) where the gaseous medium is adapted to be cooled by the surrounding lu adapted to cool the energy storage (8). The arrangement comprises a regulating throttle means (16) arranged in a position located downstream of the cooler (14) and upstream of the kylon board (12a) with respect to the gaseous medium flow direction in the line circuit (12). The adjustable throttling means (16) is adjustable in a non-throttling position and in at least one throttling position in which the gaseous medium provides a pressure drop and thus a corresponding temperature drop when it is passed through the throttling means (16). (rig. z)
公开号:SE1150140A1
申请号:SE1150140
申请日:2011-02-21
公开日:2012-08-22
发明作者:Johan Herland
申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

15 20 25 30 35 of ambient air. This is advantageous from an energy point of view. At times when ambient air has a high temperature, however, a less good cooling or even a heating of the energy storage is obtained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement in the form of a relatively simple and robust construction which has the capacity to cool the energy storage so that it can maintain a desired operating temperature even during times when ambient air has a high temperature.
This object is achieved with the arrangement of the kind mentioned in the introduction, which is characterized by the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1. Thus, according to the present invention, a conduit circuit with a gaseous medium is used to cool the energy storage. The line circuit comprises a throttling means which is arranged in a position downstream of a cooler in the line circuit and upstream of the energy storage. As the gaseous medium circulates in the conduit circuit, it will receive a cooling in a first stage cooler where it is cooled by lu ﬁ with ambient temperature. The gaseous medium can here be cooled to a temperature close to the ambient temperature. When the gaseous medium subsequently reaches the throttling means, it can provide a pressure drop and a cooling in a second step. As a result, the gaseous medium can obtain a lower temperature than ambient air when it is led to the energy storage. The gaseous medium can thereby provide a good cooling of the energy storage even during times when ambient air has a high temperature. At times when ambient air does not have a high temperature, it is usually sufficient to cool the gaseous medium in the cooler in the first stage. The throttling member is in this case in the non-throttling position. The arrangement as above includes relatively simple and robust components that have a reliable function. The gaseous medium may be air but it may also be any gas or gas mixture which has suitable properties for the function described above.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the throttling member is steplessly adjustable in different throttling positions. Thus, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the gaseous medium can be regulated steplessly by means of the throttling means. The cooling of the energy storage can be controlled here with very good precision. Alternatively, the throttling means may be adjustable in one or more fixed throttling positions. In this case the throttling means can be alternately set in a fixed throttling position when the energy storage has too high a temperature and in the non-throttling position when the energy storage has an acceptable temperature. With such a control, the gaseous medium can be cooled intermittently in one or two steps in such a way that the energy storage always has a temperature within a desired range.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a destructive means is arranged in a position which is located downstream of the cooling area of the energy storage and upstream of the cooler with respect to the intended flow direction of the gaseous medium in the line circuit. When the throttling means is in the non-throttling position, the gaseous medium is led with a relatively small flow resistance through the conduction circuit. Said destabilizer in this case only needs to maintain a relatively small pressure difference in order to create a required destiny of the gaseous medium through the line circuit. When the throttling means is set in a throttling position, the flow resistance in the line circuit increases drastically. Said means of destiny must here maintain a much greater pressure difference in order to create a required medium ﬂ destiny through the circuit. When the gaseous medium obtains this pressure increase of said pressure medium, it simultaneously obtains an elevated temperature before it is led to the cooler. This creates a large temperature difference in the radiator between the gaseous medium and the ambient air. The gaseous medium can thus be cooled in an efficient manner in the cooler to a temperature close to the ambient temperature. Said destitute may be an electrically driven fan or compressor. An electrically driven ﬂ shaft or compressor can be given a variable speed. The higher the speed at which the ﬂ or the compressor is operated, the higher the pressure and temperature it can give to the gaseous medium. In the case where said ﬂ means is ﬂ genuine, it must have a construction so that it can maintain a relatively large pressure difference between a pressure side and a suction side in the line circuit. The fan must thus have the capacity to work as a compressor.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement comprises a control unit adapted to receive information from a sensor which senses a parameter related to the cooling needs of the energy storage and to place the throttling means in a throttling position at times when it estimates that the energy storage requires additional cooling. The control unit may be a computer unit with a suitable software for this purpose. Alternatively, the throttling means can be activated manually when, for example, a driver of the vehicle receives information that the energy storage needs an extra cooling.
The control unit may be adapted to receive information from a temperature sensor which senses the temperature of ambient air and / or a temperature sensor which senses the temperature in the energy storage and to at times when at least one of said temperatures is higher than a reference temperature set the throttling means in a throttle position. When the ambient air has too high a temperature, it cannot cool the gaseous medium in the cooler to a desired low temperature. In this case, the throttling member must thus be placed in a suitable throttling position. As the temperature in the energy storage is above a maximum acceptable temperature, it needs to provide extra cooling in any case.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement comprises an air shaft which is adapted to force surrounding air through the radiator.
Thus, the heat transfer between the gaseous medium and the ambient air in the cooler can be made more efficient. The control unit can be adapted to control the air speed. The heat transfer in the radiator is related to the fate rate of the ambient air through the radiator. In this case, the control unit can give the lights an increased speed during occasions when the energy storage requires extra cooling.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement comprises a container which is adapted to enclose the energy storage. An energy storage enclosed in a container is prevented: from coming into direct contact with ambient air. Thus, the container with the energy storage can also be placed in places in the vehicle where the ambient air contains pollutants and moisture. Said desiccant and / or the throttling means may also be arranged inside the container. Thus, these components also receive a protected placement in the vehicle. Advantageously, substantially all components of the conduit circuit are arranged inside the container except the radiator and the air duct.
Thus, the line circuit can be made compact and the gaseous medium only needs to be transported in short lines between the various components of the line circuit.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, said line circuit comprises a further cooling area where the gaseous medium is adapted to provide cooling of control equipment which is adapted to regulate the flow of electrical energy to and from the energy storage. Such control equipment also provides heating during operation. However, the control equipment can normally be allowed to be heated to a slightly higher maximum temperature than the energy storage. It may therefore be appropriate to cool the control equipment in a separate cooling area of the line circuit.
The cooling area of the control equipment can be arranged parallel to the cooling area where the gaseous medium cools the energy storage. Thus, the control equipment and the energy storage can be cooled by gaseous medium with the same low temperature. Alternatively, the cooling area of the control equipment can be arranged in series in relation to the cooling area of the energy storage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the following, as an example, a preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: Figs. Fig. 1 shows a hybrid vehicle provided with an energy storage and Fig. 2 shows an arrangement for cooling the energy storage.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1 shows a truck 1 which is provided with a cab space 2 and a cargo space 3. The body of the truck 1 comprises longitudinal supporting beams 4. The truck 1 is a hybrid vehicle and is driven by a schematically shown internal combustion engine 5 and / or by a schematically shown electric machine 6. When the electric machine 6 operates as an engine, it can drive the vehicle 1 itself or together with the internal combustion engine 5. The electric machine 6 acts as a generator during times when the vehicle 1 is braked.
The electric machine 6 can brake the vehicle up to a certain brake level itself. At higher braking levels, the braking process is supplemented by the vehicle's regular brakes.
A container 7 is attached to one of the supporting beams 4. An energy storage 8 comprising one or two batteries for storing electrical energy and control equipment 9 which regulates the flow of electrical energy between the energy storage 8 and the electrical machine 6 are arranged inside the container 7.
Fig. 2 shows the container 7 in more detail. The container 7 is closed and comprises an internal space 11. The energy storage 8 and said control equipment 9 are arranged inside the closed space 11. Thus, the energy storage 8 and the control equipment 9 are completely protected from ambient air which may be ﬁ icy and polluted. The container 7 also encloses the majority of a line circuit 12 with a circulating gaseous medium. The circulating gaseous medium may be air or other suitable gas or gas mixture. The gaseous medium is adapted to be circulated in the line circuit 12 so that it comes into heat transfer contact with the energy storage 8 in a first cooling area 10a and with the control equipment 9 in a second cooling area 12b. An electrically driven shaft 13 circulates the gaseous medium through the conduit circuit 12. The electrically driven shaft 13 is also arranged inside the container 7. A cooler 14 is arranged in the conduit circuit 12 on the outside of the container 7 in contact with ambient air. An air duct 15 is arranged adjacent to the radiator 14. The air duct 15 can be driven by an electric motor. The air filter is adapted to force air through the cooler 14 during operation of the internal combustion engine 5. The line circuit 12 comprises an adjustable throttling member 16 in the container 7. In this case the throttling member 16 is steplessly adjustable between a non-throttling position the throttling means 16 and different degrees of throttling positions as the gaseous medium provides a pressure drop which is related to the actual degree of throttling.
A control unit 17 is adapted to receive information from a first temperature sensor 18 which senses the temperature of the ambient air and a second temperature sensor 19 which senses the temperature in the energy storage 8.
During operation of the vehicle, the energy storage 8 and the electrical components 9 inevitably heat up. In order for the energy storage 8 to function in an optimal way, it should have a temperature within a specific range. For an energy storage with, for example, Li-Ion batteries, a suitable temperature range is 30 - 40 ° C. For other types of batteries, a suitable temperature range may be 20 - 30 ° C. However, the energy storage must not have a temperature above a maximum acceptable temperature, which may, for example, be of the order of 45 ° C. The control equipment 9 should also not have a temperature above a maximum acceptable temperature. However, the maximum acceptable temperature of the control equipment 9 can normally be slightly higher than the maximum acceptable temperature of the energy storage 8. To prevent the energy storage 8 from reaching a temperature above the maximum acceptable temperature, the fan 13 circulates around the gaseous medium in the conduction circuit 12. The gaseous medium is cooled in the cooler 14 by ambient air forced through the cooler 14 by the air fan 15. The gaseous medium is then led to the adjustable throttle member 16 where it may receive a pressure drop. The gaseous medium is then led to the two parallel cooling areas 12a, 12b. The gaseous medium cools the energy storage 8 in the cooling area 12a and the control equipment 9 in the cooling area 12b. The gaseous medium is then led by the ﬂ spout 13 to the cooler 14 for cooling.
To control the cooling of the energy storage 8, the control unit 17 receives information from the temperature sensor 18 regarding the temperature of the ambient air and from the temperature sensor 19 regarding the temperature of the energy storage 8. As long as the control unit 10 receives information indicating that the energy storage 8 maintains an acceptable temperature, it keeps the throttle valve 16 in the non-throttling position. If the control unit 17 receives information from the temperature sensor 19 indicating that the energy storage 8 has a temperature above a threshold value which may be set by a certain margin to the maximum acceptable temperature, the control unit 17 states that the cooling of the energy storage must be intensified. 18 regarding the ambient air temperature. If the control unit 17 judges that ambient air has a sufficiently low temperature to enable a V extra cooling, the control unit can increase the speed of the fan 13 so that the gaseous medium is circulated at a higher speed through the line circuit 12. Alternatively or in combination, the control unit 17 can increase the air speed so that the air flow through the cooler 14 increases. These measures streamline the heat exchange in the radiator 14 between ambient air and the gaseous medium circulating in the line circuit 12. The gaseous medium can here be cooled in the radiator 14 to a temperature which substantially corresponds to the temperature of the ambient air.
If ambient air has too high a temperature, the above-mentioned measures are not sufficient to maintain a desired temperature in the energy storage 8. In such circumstances, the control unit 17 regulates the throttling means 16 so that it is placed in a throttling position at which it provides a throttling of the gaseous medium. At the same time, the control unit 17 regulates the speed of the fan 13 so that it is able to circulate a suitable flow of the gaseous medium through the conduction circuit 12 against the action of the choke which the medium obtains in the choke means 16. The fan 13 must work rather hard under such operating conditions. In a first part of the conduit circuit 12 located downstream of the fan 13 and upstream of the restrictor 16, the gaseous medium provides a higher pressure than in a second part of the conductor circuit 12 located downstream of the restrictor 16 and upstream of the fan 13 with respect to the flow direction of the gaseous medium in wiring circuit 12.
When the fan 13 pressurizes the gaseous medium, it also provides a temperature increase to a corresponding degree. The temperature increase of the gaseous medium thus creates an increased temperature difference in the cooler 14 between the gaseous medium and the surrounding heat. The gaseous medium is cooled in the cooler 14 to a temperature close to ambient temperature. The elevated pressure of the gaseous medium also results in a slightly more efficient heat exchange in the cooler 14 between the gaseous medium and ambient air. When the gaseous medium reaches the restrictor 10, it provides a pressure drop and a corresponding temperature drop. When the gaseous medium has already been cooled to a temperature which substantially corresponds to the ambient temperature in the cooler 14, it provides in the throttling means 16 in most cases a clearly lower temperature than the temperature of the ambient air. The cold gaseous medium which has passed through the throttling means can thus provide a very good cooling of the energy storage 8 when it is passed through the first cooling area 12a and of the control equipment 9 when it is passed through the second cooling area 12b. The gaseous medium is then pressurized again when it reaches the fan 13. The control unit 17 receives substantially continuous information from the temperature sensor 19 regarding the current temperature in the energy storage 8. As soon as the temperature in the energy storage drops below a predetermined value, the control unit 17 regulates the throttling means 16. reduced. At the same time, the control unit 17 reduces the speed of the ﬂ 13.
When the control means 16 is in a throttling position, it is required that the shaft 13 operates with a relatively high power output. Even if the surrounding lu ﬁ has a relatively high temperature, the control unit 17 normally only needs to set the throttling member 16 in the throttling positions for shorter periods of time. Thus, energy consumption for cooling the energy storage can be kept at an acceptable level even during times when ambient air has a relatively high temperature.
The arrangement comprises rather simple and robust components which enable a reliable cooling of the energy storage 8 substantially independent of the ambient air temperature.
The invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described in the drawing but can be varied freely within the scope of the claims. The container 7 with the energy storage 8 and the control equipment 9 is in this case attached to a longitudinal beam 4. It can, however, be attached at a substantially arbitrary place in a vehicle. If the vehicle is a bus, the container 7 with the energy storage 8 and the control equipment 9 can be attached to the roof of the bus.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1]
Arrangement for cooling an energy storage (8) in a vehicle (1), the arrangement comprising a line circuit (12), means (13) adapted to circulate a gaseous medium in the line circuit (12), a cooler ( 14) where the gaseous medium is adapted to be cooled by ambient air and a cooling area (12a) where the gaseous medium is adapted to cool the energy storage (8), characterized in that the arrangement comprises an adjustable throttling means (16) arranged in a position which is located downstream of the cooler (14) and upstream of the cooling area (12a) with respect to the intended flow direction of the gaseous medium in the conduit circuit (12), the adjustable throttling means (16) being adjustable in a non-throttling position at which the gaseous medium provides substantially no pressure drop when it is passed through the throttling means (16) and in at least one throttling position at which the gaseous medium provides a pressure drop and thus a corresponding temperature drop when it is passed g through the choke member (16).
[2]
Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the throttling member (16) is infinitely adjustable in different throttling positions.
[3]
Arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said flow means is arranged in a position located downstream of the radiator wire (12a) of the energy storage (12) and upstream of the radiator (14) with respect to the intended flow direction of the gaseous medium in the line circuit (12). ).
[4]
Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that said ﬂ means is an electrically driven ﬂ genuine (13) or compressor.
[5]
Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a control unit (17) which is adapted to receive information from a sensor (18) which senses a parameter related to the cooling needs of the energy storage and to set the throttling means (16) in a throttle position on occasions when it estimates that the energy storage (8) requires additional cooling.
[6]
Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a control unit (17) which is adapted to receive information from a temperature sensor (18) which senses the temperature of ambient air and / or a temperature sensor which senses the temperature in the energy storage. (8) and that at times when at least one of said temperatures is higher than a reference temperature, the throttling means (16) is set in a throttling position.
[7]
Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a ﬂ genuine (15) which is adapted to force ambient air through the radiator (14).
[8]
Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a container (7) which is adapted to enclose the energy storage (8).
[9]
Arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that said destiny means (15) and / or the throttling means (16) are also arranged inside the container (7).
[10]
Arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said line circuit (12) comprises a further cooling area (12a) where the gaseous medium is adapted to provide cooling of control equipment (9) adapted to regulate the flow of electrical energy to and from energy storage (8).

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

SE535563C2|2012-09-25|

引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

WO2020068446A1|2018-09-28|2020-04-02|Carrier Corporation|Transportation refrigeration unit with cold climate battery heating|

法律状态:
2016-10-04| NUG| Patent has lapsed|

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

SE1150140A|SE535563C2|2011-02-21|2011-02-21|Arrangement for cooling an energy store in a vehicle|SE1150140A| SE535563C2|2011-02-21|2011-02-21|Arrangement for cooling an energy store in a vehicle|

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