• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a building element to be used like a log in buildings, which is formed by an elongated frame (1) of solid wood with air holes or a cavity, and which has at least one fastener (2) resembling a timber joint. The invention is characterized in that the separate fastener (2) connected to the body (1), made of a composite material, is like a timber ring a fixed and continuous part of the building element, and that an insulating space (2c) is formed in the inner part of the fastener (2). . Fig. 1
    公开号:SE1100037A1
    申请号:SE1100037
    申请日:2011-01-18
    公开日:2012-07-19
    发明作者:Antti Mikael Hartikainen
    申请人:Antti Mikael Hartikainen；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    When machining a knot timber, the wood fibers are broken from different directions and the quality of the wood material surface varies from a smooth planed surface to a very rough surface, especially on curved surfaces, and this can also affect the realization of the desired knot timber shape, i.e. that all knot timberings machined with the same knife are not necessarily exactly the same. This can manifest itself in branch sections and in particular in lamella stock as a raw material, if the quality of the planks varies greatly from a hard wood material with dense annual rings to a soft wood material that has grown rapidly. The knot timber rings are subjected to structural forces from many directions and the moisture movements, drying, shrinkage and cracking of the timber occur quite randomly depending on internal and external conditions. Due to the above-mentioned factors, air leakage is formed in the wood material of the knot timbers and the strength or bonding ability of a knot timber is weakened, and in this way walls and knots can be subjected to shape changes and develop a susceptibility to ador damage. Even air leakage in only one knot timber ring in a solid wood construction can cool down a large part of the knot or wall and result in a really weak real thermal insulation value. The accessibility of large, high-quality logs has deteriorated while the price for them has risen at the same time. This is one reason why the use of slatted poles in construction has increased. The lower deformation of lamella logs in comparison with solid logs can be considered an advantage. Lamella sticks as a raw material are glued together by relatively large planks, and in general also in such a way that the glue joints are standing. Thus, stresses arise in a construction glued in this way, and the uneven quality of the planks can lead to the construction collapsing, ie in practice that the glue joint holds, but that the wood material cracks. The vertical glue joints prevent the log from breathing, ie the migration of water vapor in the interior of the wood is significantly prevented or weakened. The most massive slatted logs available on the market are glued by four adjacent planks to two layers. The construction has three adhesive joints standing upright next to each other in two layers, between which there is a horizontal adhesive joint, which extends through the thickness of the entire log. These glue joints effectively stop the water vapor. A difficult problem for the structure can arise if water or water vapor enters the middle planks of the structure, because the glue joints form a bag and the water can not move away from the arm from a direction upwards or downwards, ie the partial vapor pressure of the water vapor in the area is sufficient. conditions for dehydration are not conducive to displacing excess moisture. Root damage and vegetation occur in secret for long periods of time, which is why it is difficult to detect them. 10 15 20 25 30 Impacts on health, on the other hand, can be direct, depending on the negative pressure of the buildings, for example the mold spores run out of the structure and into the building's internal spaces by means of air leakage. Current thermal insulation requirements have led to risk constructions in solid timber construction, and even in the case of reinforced insulated timber constructions, the constructions are complicated and thus susceptible to damage, as is also the case with additional construction and extensions, especially in timber buildings with knots.
    Of the publications FI20060102 and FIlO1494, a beam with air holes and a wall element as well as a log-like building element with cavities are known. By means of timber constructions with cavities, a thermal insulation is quickly achieved which is better than with constructions in solid wood by filling the cavity with an insulation. Achieving the technical function of such a construction of wood materials with thin walls is still a major challenge, due to the differences in the heat and moisture conditions of the outer and inner surface. The solutions presented in the publication FIlO1494 using plywood, wooden boards, paper or pulp presses, work indoors, but are very susceptible to damage to the external surfaces. Even a good paint coating does not prevent moisture movement of a wood material in constructions with turma walls. The cruciform structure of plywood causes stresses in the board, and this manifests itself as dented distortions, especially in large structures. Pre-compression and variations in humidity further increase this property, and as a result, the friction-based attachment does not function as desired. A turned, thin surface veneer with a broken fiber structure also molds easily, especially hardwood material. The publication WO20061 35251 also presents a veneer-clad building element which mimics a timber construction and to which a half of a knot timber made of plastic is attached. The other half is attached to a separate end piece. These two parts are not attached to each other, nor do they form a coherent structure like a log. In a finished wall, six such knot timber halves are needed, so that an imaginary timber knot is finished. The recovery has a number of problems. It is very sensitive to dimensional errors resulting from the assembly. A knot connection composed of loose parts easily forms stairs and the error is repeated from layer to layer. The sloping and tensioned surfaces come in a strong state of tension. Condensed and frozen water in these surfaces causes further damage to the structure. The mechanical connectors (screws) cause a local state of tension in the mounting purifiers. These factors lead to the plastic structures aging rapidly, that is to say that the polymer chains crack and do not last for the life of a building of 30-50 years. A traditional knot timber ring that is processed in wood is very simple, but its 10 15 20 25 30 different surfaces each have their own special task. In the invention according to the publication, these factors have been forgotten and replaced with complicated constructions that the spraying technique allows.
    The aim of the present invention is to achieve energy-efficient standards with a solid timber wall construction for residential use and to expand the use of timber-like construction to other construction sectors and to wooden floor construction.
    The invention further relates to a building element, which combines traditional timber construction that breathes with modern materials and manufacturing methods, and which building elements can be quickly joined together into a durable, compact, energy-efficient and technical timber building at the factory or site of use.
    The above-mentioned disadvantages can be substantially reduced and the above-mentioned goals can be achieved by means of a building element according to the invention, which is characterized by what is stated in the core drawing parts of the claims.
    A building element of solid wood with an air hole or a cavity, which building element has been processed like a log, a separate fastener, a knot timber piece, can be added. This fastener can preferably be made of a composite material, such as a natural composite, in which you can use reinforcements of the same type of wood as the wooden parts of the building element. As the composite binder or matrix, you can use, for example, duro or thermoplastic or you can combine their properties in different objects of use and manufacturing procedures. The fastener can, for example, be manufactured by means of molding, and it is connected to the building element in a permanent manner, for example by means of gluing or by means of a mechanical connector. So the fastener, the knot timber ring, like a real log, is cohesive and a fixed part of the building element. One or more fasteners can also be attached completely to, for example, a glued building element as a raw material before it is planed into a log. As a machining material, a knot timber of natural composite can also be machined to its final shape and dimensions even after planing.
    For certain applications of building elements, it is advantageous to use sliding fastenings in whole or in part. The fastener on a solid wooden part can easily be connected with one or two bores, in which the connecting pins of the test device are arranged. When connecting a part that has a hole, the connector pin of the fastener preferably has the same profile as the air hole. Thus, a very high quality industrially realized log construction is achieved, the knot timber piece has a thin shell and can be insulated from the inside. In the fastener, connecting channels can also be formed, in particular for building elements with air holes. By means of the ducts, one can, for example, join the air holes in the same building element with each other, or the air holes in two building elements, which connect to each other, if one wishes to add technical functions to the building element. The knot timber piece has exact dimensions and shows good sliding properties and you can in a practical way form sealing and sliding devices as well as the necessary range of movement therein. The transverse and longitudinal movements in the knot timber piece, which are caused by the moisture movements of the wood material, can be controlled by using a so-called plastic joint in the cooperating connectors. It is an extremely advantageous solution for curved knot surfaces, for example for a round timber ring. As a connector, you can then use a device of the "joystick" type (not shown in the ur gurema).
    The building elements can be locked against each other, for example by means of click connections formed in the fasteners. The fact that the knots are locked in place reduces the need for fastening and support of the building element's frame. In addition, the click connections can be provided with such a property that the connection can be opened in a certain position. The fastener can be made for traditional assembly of half and even timber turns. Outwardly, the building element is a completely normal modem log, but as a technical construction it has considerable advantages compared to a traditional log machined in a wooden material. Traditional wood-knotted timber rings lock the logs as a whole against their places, the fastener of a building element according to the invention, on the other hand, locks two connected timbers against each other in a permanent way, the connection in question not being dependent on other logs' ability to hold together. Seen from this perspective, the traditional knot timber ring must not be a load-bearing structure in the timber building. This factor is the starting point in the composite timber ring according to the invention, nor is it subjected to any loads due to the weight of the structure. Particularly remarkable is the good insulating ability of the knot part, nor is it sensitive to condensation. In addition, it is easier to assemble a building, ie to stack the logs, thanks to the less friction of the composite parts.
    The building element can also be wholly or partly made of a natural composite. For the sheet or beam-like parts, lamination, extrusion or injection molding methods can be used. According to a preferred construction solution, the upper and lower surfaces of the frame are formed of disc-lined composite parts of natural fiber. Various connection, locking and sealing devices can be designed for these parts, by means of which the superimposed building elements are connected tightly and permanently to each other. As a partner for such a composite part, you can use a wooden material, for example plywood. In traditional timber construction, timber logs for the wall parts are fastened to each other with bores next to each other, in which (metal) pipes and studs are mounted or cross-connections are arranged, for example for the partitions. The joints between the wooden parts and the natural composite parts are made by gluing or also by mechanical connection methods, which are hidden inside the construction.
    With the composite parts it is also possible to achieve better sliding properties than with wooden materials, for example on the phase or support surfaces, and the construction of the structure (printing at the connection joints) takes place more quickly and there is no printing at all during the actual period of use. An advantageous joining solution for fastening superimposed building elements is to form in the natural composite pins and copper-like connectors, which are based on internal friction and which are known from Lego pieces, and at these also click connections can be connected. Friction-based fastening in the inner part of the construction is not susceptible to moisture movements and in addition there is no life in natural composite as a material and it has exact dimensions. Even in fire situations, the construction inside the wood is protected from the flames. If necessary, a plastic joint can also be arranged in the composite part to compensate for the movements resulting from wood living. The frame of the building element can also be made entirely of natural fi composite, whereby the construction does not breathe like a wooden material and its inner part can be insulated for example with polyurethane foam and the frame and its load-bearing capacity can be reinforced with stiffening boards or honeycomb structures.
    This construction solution has a thin shell and shows a very good insulating ability and the fastener can be replaced, for example, in the corners with connectors that interact with superimposed parts. The construction solution is light and easy to handle and the construction is also suitable for mounting in a vertical position, especially when the connectors lock the building elements against each other. A particularly advantageous solution when mounting in a vertical position is the realization of curved surfaces. The frame of the building element can also be bent in a horizontal direction, for example to a load-bearing structure at opening transitions during vertical mounting. In a vertical position, a cavity can be formed in the frame of the building element in addition to the insulation, for example for concrete casting, the load-bearing wall construction having a concrete frame. The stiffening plates arranged in the frame can be designed with a mold and in particular the honeycomb structure can function as the reinforcement of the concrete or equivalent. Adjacent building elements can also be bonded to each other with rods which are arranged horizontally through the frame, which rods remain in the cast. In this way an insulated concrete / composite frame can be formed, which can be visible on the outside of the log house. Under the elements, controls compatible with the profile can be arranged, by means of which the elements are guided to their places and attached to the foundations. Corresponding parts can also be arranged on the upper part.
    The appearance and properties of the surface of the natural composite can be modified by cladding it, for example by veneering, wallpapering, tiling or plastering, and its application is more extensive than in a traditional log. For example, fire safety can be significantly improved in this way. A troublesome solution is the formation of a solid outer surface on a frame of natural composite material, whereby on the inner and outer surface of the frame, for example, arrow-shaped or click-type connectors are designed. The outer cladding panels or equivalent are simply pressed onto the connectors. For example, in the case of high panels, a rigid connector can be used as a carrier and point, in the middle and at the edges of the connectors, for example, plastic joints can be arranged, which receive the moisture movements of the wood. The building element may be of solid wood or it may be air holes formed therein for improving the insulating ability, or the frame may have cavities, whereby for example the inner and outer surface are formed of wood and the upper and lower part of natural berry composite. The inner part is insulated with some hygroscopic insulation, such as for example a wooden insulation or a line insulation, whereby the frame construction breathes. This design solution further represents a solid construction that is breathable and that meets the current thermal insulation requirements. The outwardly visible wooden parts can be continuous machined planks, glued constructions taking into account the water vapor's migration in the wooden construction, or planks with natural wood surfaces, for example planks of dry wood. An advantageous construction solution is to design the inner and outer surface of the building element of different types of wood. The separate fastener connected to the building elements enables the use of different types of wood in such a way that for example the inner surface can be hardwood and the outwardly visible solid part connected to the fastener, the knot shell, can be entirely of the same type of wood as the outer surface, as well as the knot shell part also when using a surface of dry wood can be a piece of real dry wood. A separate layer of natural composite can also be formed on the outer surface of the wooden building element, which can also mimic a wooden surface. With these techniques, the weather resistance of the outer surface can be maximized. The body and composite layer of the building element are at a distance from each other in such a way that between them an insulation and ventilation distance can be formed and the composite layer is mounted in such a way that it is detachable from the construction, for example in such a way that the click connection is provided with such a property that the click connection opens when the part is tilted.
    The building element can also be formed by two or a number of connected frames lying next to each other, which can mutually be of the same type or a combination of the above-mentioned embodiments. This construction solution is advantageous to use when you want to equip the construction with some special property, such as a bullet or shatter protection, fire safety, and more. In the above-mentioned embodiments, the dimensions of the building element can be more versatile to use than a traditional log. The limits for the length of the building element are determined almost entirely by the limitations of the means of transport.
    The height of the building element can be the normal height of a log, for example 200 mm, or it can even be as high as a wall. There are no restrictions at all for the thickness of the building element. In large dimensions, for example in a construction with a cavity, it may be necessary to add a support in the interior of the building element to improve the rigidity and stability. The building element can also be used for outbuildings, for garden sheds or even smaller constructions, even for toys. In high building elements with air holes, it can be advantageous to use movement means, which are designed horizontally on the outer surface and which can be gaps sealed with a flexible insulation. This prevents changes in the shape of the building element, which result from the outer surface swelling. That the moisture for fl spreads from the outer surface to the inner part can also be reduced by using a horizontal glue joint in suitable places of the wooden construction. This can be realized by connecting, for example, the parts of the outer surface to a honeycomb-like inner part by means of horizontal glue joints without the breathability of the structure suffering.
    One solution is to form a window, in particular a high one, in the building element. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to arrange separate fi window openings in the building, but the windows coincide with the building element. The window frame construction can be part of the building element's frame. Nowadays, the window constructions are made of natural composite and in this way it is possible to manufacture a building element entirely of the material in question and thus get the heat leakage, ie the cold bridges, reduced to a minimum. For example, the energy efficiency of commercial and industrial buildings can be improved with the above-mentioned solution. With the extrusion technique, it is possible to integrate electrical wires, metal grilles or membranes in the composite construction, if one wants a special property, such as, for example, radiation protection or insulation. In beams with air holes and 10 15 20 25 30 cavities, vertical pipelines for electricity etc. can be laid and also horizontal pipelines, supports and fasteners can be designed at the same places in building elements that lie on top of each other, so that a continuous horizontal line is created. . The fastener connector to the body can also act as a horizontal tube, if a hole is formed in it.
    When mounting in even timber turns in the building element, it is advantageous to use a fastener in the wall joint, in solutions with smooth knots and in extensions, in which at least one movement member, for example a salmontail joint, is formed. The fastener can be disc-shaped, suitable for both vertical and horizontal joints, or the cross-sectional profile can be rectangular or a triangular profile, depending on the connection angle. The fastener can have the same height as the building element and on its upper and lower surface fitting connectors can be arranged, for example click connections, where when stacked on top of each other they form a continuous horizontal support plate or beam (not shown in fi gurema), which also exhibits good insulating ability. The beam can also be cast with concrete or a similar mass, if, for example, a special stability or binding force is needed in the knots. In particular when building floors in wood, it is possible to use a combination of composite and metal in the extrusion technique for the same structure, for example integration of an aluminum profile (also extruded) in the composite beam. With a light construction, you also get large building elements tied together without any additional fasteners from the outside. In the fixture or connector, a strip can be designed, for example for mounting a thin plastic pipe. With this pipe, an expanding sealant, for example polyurethane, can be arranged at the same height of the entire building element. This solution is particularly advantageous when using a building element with air holes, whereby by feeding the sealant and by simultaneously pulling out the pipe, the ends of the air holes will be closed and the connection point between the body and the fastener sealed. At the same time, with the compressive force provided by the expanding sealant, the interconnected structures can be driven to the extremes within their tolerances of movement, depending on the humidity conditions. The fastener with the same height as the building element can also be arranged in such a way that its connection point is in the middle of the height of the building element (not shown in fi gurema), whereby it overlaps at two elements and the seal and stability are better. The technology of the disc-like fastener can also be used for connecting superimposed building elements to each other or for fastening adjacent frames. The technology in question is also suitable for mounting doors and windows as well as for strengthening their respective openings. It is obvious that the use of the inventive building element for modern timber construction achieves considerable savings in material and energy costs.
    In the following, the invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a building element according to the invention.
    Figure 2 shows a second building element according to the invention directly seen from above.
    Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a third building element according to the invention.
    Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a fourth building element according to the invention.
    Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fifth building element according to the invention.
    Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a sixth building element according to the invention.
    Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a seventh building element according to the invention.
    Figure 8 shows a seventh building element according to the invention seen directly from above.
    Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of an eighth building element according to the invention seen directly from above.
    The figures show the following parts and points of an inventive building element: A frame 1, which has an outer surface 1a, an inner surface 1b, an upper part 1c, a lower part 1d, an inner part 1c, a short side 1f, a knot head 1g, a bore 1h and a fastener 2, which has a connector 2a, a cooperating connector 2b, which also has a plastic joint 2x, an insulating space 2c, a connecting channel 2k and a rake 2d. The outer surface 1a is formed by a natural wood surface 1a. In the upper part 1c is a composite part Ica, which has a cooperating connector 2bc, and in the lower part 1d is a composite part lda, which has a cooperating connector 2bd. The inner part le of the frame has an insulation lea and an air gap leb as well as glue joints lec. The frame 1 has a window 3 and a frame construction 3a for the window. The frame 1 has an additional insulation 4, a stiffening / wind barrier plate 5, a ventilation distance 6, a separate composite layer 7, a seal 8, a hole 9, a stiffening / forming plate 10, a cavity 11 and a wood / composite panel 12.
    The invention is based on the idea of manufacturing an elongated log-like building element, the timber knot of which is a separate device made of composite material, and which forms a fixed and cohesive part for an individual building element. Figure 1 shows an exploded view of the construction. The fastener has a cooperating connector, which connects to the corresponding connector of a second building element. The thin-scale fastener may be insulated from the inside, and there may be connecting channels formed therein.
    The building elements can be connected to each other by using a fastener, which can be fastened in whole or in part with a slide. The sliding axle can advantageously be realized with a salmon tail stirrer band, to which a rake for fitting a sealing gutter has been added. Figure 2 shows a disc-like fastener for a wall extension and a beam-like fastener for a knot.
    The wood material for the building element can be solid wood, a glued construction or a natural wood surface and different types of wood can be used for the inner and outer surfaces. The inner part can be an insulated construction with cavities or with air holes. Disc-like composite parts are connected to the upper and lower part, at which connectors (Lego and click connections) as shown in Figures 3 and 4 are formed, the planar disc can also be realized by means of a wooden part, for example plywood. The body can also be made with cavities made entirely of composite material, it being advantageous to insulate it with an expanding insulation, and on the inside a necessary amount of stiffening plates can be arranged as shown in Figures 5 and 9.
    The frame with cavities arranged in a horizontal position can be cast into a concrete mass, for example in the cavity formed on the inside of the stiffening plates. On the outer or inner surface, click-type connectors can be formed, which can also have plastic joints, for fastening a separate wood or composite layer.
    In the case of high building elements, it is advantageous to arrange a window as part of the construction, whereby the cold bridges of the frame constructions can be minimized effectively. Figure 6 shows three superimposed building elements, which form a wall of a building. 10 15 20 25 30 12 You can connect a number of building elements in parallel or you can add a separate composite layer to the frame, which is detachable from the frame. In between, an insulation and a wind barrier can be arranged, as shown in Figures 7 and 8. As a fastener a disc-like construction can be used and as its connector a circular profile can also function, in which a hole is designed for wiring or fasteners, such as threaded studs.
    The building element according to the invention consists of an elongate frame 1, to which a separate fastener 2 made of composite material 2 is connected, which is a fixed and continuous part of the building element. The fastener 2 has a connector 2a to the body 1 and a cooperating connector 2b, to which it is possible to form a plastic joint 2x and inside is an insulating space 2c. Via the connecting channels 2k of the fastener 2, the air holes leb of the building elements can be connected to each other.
    According to a dry-drawn construction solution, the fastener 2 can be disc-like or beam-like and it is connected to the frame 1 partly or completely with a sliding attachment, for example a salmon tail stirrer, connector 2a. Inside the beam-like fastener an insulating space 2c and / or a cavity 11 for a casting is formed. A rake 2d for feeding a sealing gutter can also be designed in the test device 2 or the connection device 2a.
    The frame 1 of the building element can also be made wholly or partly of composite material. To the upper part 1c of the frame is attached in a permanent manner a disc-like composite part Ica, which has a cooperating connector 2bc. To the lower part ld of the frame, a disc-like composite part Ida is attached, which has a cooperating connector 2bd. In the inner part le of the frame 1, which has cavities, there may be an insulation lea, or the frame 1 may have a honeycomb structure and the inner part le may have a gap between the leb and glue joints lec.
    The outer surface 1a and inner surface 1b of the frame may be of different types of wood, or the outer surface 1a may be a natural wood surface 1a.
    The thin-scale body 1 can preferably be made entirely of composite material and its stability and load-bearing capacity can be regulated by means of stiffening disks 10 arranged in the inner part 1c. In the upper part 1c a cooperating connector 2bc is formed and in the lower part 1d a cooperating connector 2bd is formed , on the inside is the insulation lea.
    The fastener 2 is replaced with these fasteners 2bc and 2bd by superimposed building elements. In case of need, an insulation 8 is in between. The outer or inner surface has click-type connectors 2a, and these can also have plastic joints 2x. A separate wood or composite panel 12 is attached by means of these connectors to the frame 1. In the middle of the vertically arranged frame 1, a cavity 11 for concrete casting can be arranged, while the stiffening plates 10 function as molds. The cross-sectional profile of the frame 1 can preferably be bent during vertical mounting.
    A window 3 and a frame construction 3a are preferably integrated in the frame 1 of the building element as a fixed part of the frame 1 of the building element.
    Two or a number of frames 1 can be connected in parallel to each other by means of a disc-like fastener 2, which has the necessary connectors, and in between an insulation 4, a wind barrier plate 5 and a ventilation distance 6 can be arranged. A hole 9 is formed in the profile of the connector 2a. A separate composite layer 7 can be added to the body 1 at a distance, which is detachable from the body 1.
    It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not only limited to the alternatives presented above, but that many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive scope defined in the appended claims.
    All parts of the building element according to the invention can be manufactured with manufacturing methods and machines known from wood, plastic, casting and gluing techniques.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Claims 15. Building element to be used like a log in buildings, which building element is formed by an elongated frame (1) of solid wood with an air hole or a cavity, which frame has an outer surface (1a), an inner surface (1b), an upper part ( 1 c), a lower part (ld), an inner part (le), short sides (lf), and which has at least one continuous fastener (2) similar to a timber joint, characterized in that the frame (1) and the thin-scale fastener (2) forms a solid and cohesive prefabricated building element like a log, and that the thin-scale fastener (2), made of a naturally reinforced composite material, is incorporated into the wood, like a timber ring, and that a substantial part of the thin-scale fastener ( 2) volume forms an insulating space (2c). . Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastener (2) has at least one connector (2a), which connects to and cooperates with the corresponding connector (2a) of the fastener (2) on a second building element, and that the fastener (2) cooperating connectors (2b) have a plastic joint (2x). . Building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the separate fastener (2), intended to be connected to the frame (1), is completely or partially slidably fastened, and in that the fastener (2) has a disc-like or beam-like polygonal profile as a cross-section, and that it in the beam-like fastener (2) an insulating space (2c) is formed. . Building element according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fastener (2) has at least one strip (2d) for feeding a sealant or for mounting a seal, and for one or more connecting channels (2k) being formed in the fastener (2) in the same building element or in building elements that connect to each other. . Building element according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the frame (1) is wholly or partly made of a composite, and that the composite part is connected to the wooden part in a permanent manner. Building element according to claim 5, characterized in that the composite part of the frame (1) (lca, Ida) has one or several plastic joints (2x). Building elements according to Claim 5, characterized in that the upper part (1c) and the lower part (1d) of the frame (1) have cooperating cup and pin-like connectors (2bc, 2bd), based on internal friction. Building elements according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper part (1c) and the lower part (1d) of the frame (1) have click connections (2bc, 2bd) for fastening building elements adjacent to or next to each other in a permanent manner. Building element according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the fastener (2) is replaced by connectors (2bc, 2bd) of parts lying on or next to one another. Building elements according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the outer surface (1a) or inner surface (1b) of the frame (1) is formed by natural wood surfaces (1aa), for example surfaces of dry wood. Building elements according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the outer surface (1a) and the inner surface (1b) are of different types of wood. Building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the composite material forms the body (1) of the building element, and that there is an insulation (lea) in the body (1), and that the fastener (2) is replaced by connectors (2bc, 2bd) of or adjacent parts. Building element according to claim 12, characterized in that one or several click-type connectors (2a) are formed along the body (1) of the building element in the outer surface (1a) or the inner surface (1b). Building elements according to claim 12, characterized in that the elements are arranged in a vertical position, and that a cavity (11), for example for concrete casting, in addition to the insulation space (20) is located in the frame (1). Building element according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the inner surface (1b) and the outer surface (1a) of the frame (1) have a window (3), which extends all the way through the frame (1) and which is made of a transparent material, such as glass or plastic, and that the frame construction (3a) of the window opening is a fixed part of the building element. Building elements according to one of Claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the construction of the frame (1) in the horizontal direction or to its cross-sectional profile is curved. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the building element is formed by two or a number of mutually connected frames, 1 lying next to each other in the horizontal direction, and that there is an insulating space (4) between the frames (1). Building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that a separate layer (7) in the outer surface (1a) or inner surface (1b) of the frame (1) is formed by the composite material, and in that the frame (1) and the composite layer (7) via the fastener (2) are spaced apart in such a way that a ventilation space (6) and an insulating space (4) can be formed between them, and that the composite layer (7) is detachable from the body (1). Building elements according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the frame (1) has a bulkhead or splitter protection (5), for example of composite material or a Kevlar board.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE536368C2|2013-09-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2014-09-23| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1100037A|SE536368C2|2011-01-18|2011-01-18|bUILDING UNIT|SE1100037A| SE536368C2|2011-01-18|2011-01-18|bUILDING UNIT|
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