• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a completely new type of fuel cell (FC), without a single anode, electrolyte or cathode construction, but made of a single component with both ionic and electronic conductivity. Two-component versions are also possible. With this configuration without electrolyte, the conventional three-component FC technology is not needed. Instead, the one- or two-component design is constructed using materials of suitable porosity, which makes this FC technology completely different from conventional FC technology, which requires a dense electrolyte and porous electrodes (anode and cathode). The new one- or two-component FC has demonstrated excellent and stable function that gives 200 to 900 mWcmJ between 400 and 600 ° C. This new technology has also demonstrated good results with large areas such as 6x6 cmz, then with a contribution of 10-20 watts. The new F C technology described here will have major advantages in terms of overhead production, costs, performance and competitiveness and has the potential to revolutionize future FC technology, development and markets.
    公开号:SE1000813A1
    申请号:SE1000813
    申请日:2010-08-02
    公开日:2012-02-03
    发明作者:Bin Zhu
    申请人:Gett Fuel Cells Internat Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    zirconia) to achieve sufficiently high ionic conductivityw. This has historically severely limited the choice of construction materials, which has resulted in excessive costs for a commercialization.
    As a consequence, great efforts have been made to develop new, alternative electrolyte materials for SOFCs with the intention of lowering the working temperature to reduce costs and make the choice of material easier, etc. Examples of materials are fl unoritated ondoped cerium oxides ”and proton-conducting ceramics as well as other complex materials such as La2Mo20914, BalnO-based oxides, apatite-type oxides and others. SOFC electrolytes can be developed through designs from structures based on various new materials ”.
    The new invention described here represents a breakthrough and a completely new fuel cell technology that does not require an MEA design / technology. It is electrolyte free and instead uses only one or two components. The materials in FCn are either based on cerium composites consisting of nanocomposites of metal oxides or industrial products with mixed earth oxides.
    Figure 1 shows a conventional FC constructed of three components. la) The invention - an FC technology without electrolyte, lb) Without anode and cathode with only a single component.
    When the FC without electrolyte is placed in H2 and air, both H2 and O2 can be catalytically separated as H * and O2 'and generate electricity by a double catalytic function of the component. H * and O 2 'become one on the surface of the particle and produce H 2 O. During this process, the contact side of H2 acts as an anode which releases electrons by creating the contact side of Hi and the air (02) as a cathode which receives electrons which means that the FC reaction is immediately completed as long as H + and 02 'are in suitable or close connection. In this invention, the ion transport that takes place within the electrolyte in a conventional FC is replaced by ionization on the surface, movement and reaction in an FC reactor without electrolyte. All reactions and processes are completed on the surface of the particles by a direct combination of H + and O 2 'ions. The reaction process for the claimed FC is described below. on the H2 side: H2 -> 2H + + 2e '(1) at the side (02): i / 202 + 2e' _ »02- (2) general reactions: H2 + 1/202 -> 2H + + 02 '( 3-a) 2 ii * + 02 '_ »H20 (sb) This should be compared with FC reactions / processes, e.g. in the case but an H * -conducting electrolyte. at the anode: H2 -> 2H1 + 2ei (4) at the cathode: l / 2O2 + 2 HJ '+ 2e' -> H2O (5) general reactions: H2 + l / 2O2 -> H2O. (6) And in the case of the 02 '-conducting electrolyte: at the anode; H2 + 02 '_ »H20 - 2e' (7) at the cathode: i / 2o2 + 2 e '_» 02' (s) general reactions: H2 + l / 2O2 -> H20. (9) The significant difference between other FCs and this invention is that this FC does not comprise ion (H + or O 2 ") transport through the electrolyte. The FC reaction instead takes place directly with the H + and O 2 'ions on the surface of the particles. In this way it is invented FCn a reactor and not like a regular fuel cell apparatus.
    There has been an invention, a single body SOFC with patent number US 5298235, 1994, Worrell et al. However, the FC apparatus was still based on an electrolyte and electrode three-component function.
    Another U.S. patent, 20090258276, 2009, discloses a fuel cell constructed of materials having P-N functions. For this there was no need to construct an electrolyte but it was irradiated with light later.
    A summary of the invention This invention relates to a revolutionary new fuel cell technology - an FC without electrolyte and technology. The FC was constructed based on one or two components which have a mixed electronic conductor and ionic conductor, where mixed earth metals (oxides) are both natural and synthesized as ion-conducting materials mixed with metal oxides as electronically conductive materials. All existing fuel cell technologies and devices have three basic fuel cell components: anode, electrolyte and cathode. These form a so-called MEA (membrane and electrolyte assembly). The electrolyte should offer electronic insulation but fully permeable to ions, e.g. Oz or H * line to completely separate the propellant and oxidant. Existing SOFC technologies require all designs with complete detailed compatibility between the components both mechanically and electrochemically. They must also offer good chemical stability. In particular, the ion transport capacity or conductivity of the electrolyte has limited the operating functions. For example, in the case of SOFCs, “yttrium stabilized zirconia” (YSZ) currently reaches a desired conductivity of 0.1 S / cm at 1000 ° C, resulting in operation at high temperatures.
    In this invention, the electrolyte-free FC has no separate anode, electrolyte and cathode.
    Instead, only one or two components are used. F Cn consists of at least two functions for electronic and ionic, eg H1 / Discharge capability and catalyst for both H2 and O2.
    The FC is constructed of either one or two components of a homogeneous material or two components with different materials and an interface between the two components. No electrolyte. The components have mixed ionic and electronic conductive (MIEC) materials made from pure MlE conductors or a mixture / composite of electronic and ionic conductors / materials. The components are made with the appropriate structure and necessary porosity which is necessary for all fuel cell technologies. Normal ceramic sintering or ceramic molding technologies have been used.
    According to this invention, the ion-conducting materials are proton or oxygen-ion-conducting materials, usually i) doped Ba (Ce, Zr) O3 ceramics; ii) ion doped cerium (SDC: samarium doped cerium; GDC: gadolinium doped cerium; yttrium doped cerium; calcium dopated cerium; Sm-Pr or Gd-Pr doped cerium; iii) mixed earth metals (oxides), e.g. LCP (patent pending in Sweden..xxx); iv) YSZ, ScSZ; v) LaGaMgO3 etc .; vi) cerium-based including LCP composites previously patented, PCT and Swedish patent number 0 l 0 l 424-0.
    According to another preferred concrete form of the invention, the electronically conductive phase materials are based on metal oxides, in particular, M (M = Li, Na, K, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mg, Ag, Fe, Sn, Al, Co, Mn , Mo, Cr, In, Ca, Ba, Sr) oxides and their complex oxides with two or more of these oxides in a mixture or composite.
    These metal oxides can be defined in various metal oxide systems, e.g. Fe oxide systems, such as undoped BiFeO3, single doped BiFeO3 (eg Bi0_9Ba0_1FeO3, ßiFeogMnoiOg, ßiogCaoiFeOg, ßiFeogCrolOg etc.) and double doped BiFeO3 (eg Bi0.9l00O0.90a0n0.0.0. oxide system with both an n- and p-type of ZnO. Al, Ga, and in such substitutional ingredients as Zn and Cl and I such substitutional ingredients as O can be used as n-type dopants; p-type ZnO with Li, Na, and K, Cu, Ag, and N, P, As.
    According to another more preferred concrete form of the invention, certain materials naturally contain both ionic and electronic conductivity based on sample kite oxides of Ba0.5Sr0.5-Co0.8Fe0.2032d (BSCF), (Ba / Sr / Ca / La) 0.6MxNbl- xO3-ó (M: Mg, Ni, Mn, Cr, Fe, ln, Sn); doped LaMO3 (M = Ni, Cu, Co, Mn), e.g. LaNiozFeo fi sCuo .S03 etc.
    Compared to other FC technologies, the technology for the fuel cell without electrolyte designed with one or two components has advantages especially in terms of chemical stability, mechanical properties and compatibility (the electrolyte's problems with compatibility between the anode and electrolyte as well as the electrolyte and cathode are thus avoided). The new one-component FC without electrolyte has shown extraordinary FC performance, between zoo and 1000 mwcm * below 300-3000 mAcmQ within the temperature range (400 m1 600 ° C).
    The fuel cell technology without electrolyte can offer an extremely cheap FC technologies with a large market potential. There is a great potential for further development with a person who is skilled in the field. The key lies in optimizing materials, blends, synthesizing and manufacturing technologies using ceramic membrane technologies.
    Brief description of the drawing and figures Some typical FC performance with a one- or two-component construction are shown in fi gures and are also listed in Table 2 below.
    Figure 1. A conventional fixed ceramic FC (left) with three components (including cathode, electrolyte and anode). To the right FCs without electrolytes.
    Figure 2 illustrates typical characteristics; I-V (current density-volt) and I-P (power density) for a one-component designed FC unit with different material compositions: a) and b). b) refers to commercial GDC and SDC as ion-conducting materials, mixed metal oxides, of Ni-Cu-Zn oxide as the electronic; c) LCP-LiNiCu oxide; d) SDC-LiNaCO3 composite LiNiCu oxide; e) Na2CO3-SDC-nanocomposite-LiCuZnNi oxide.
    Fuel: H1 Oxidant: air. Gas fl fate: 80 to 120 ml / min, gas pressure: 1 atm; Cell size: 13 mm in diameter with an active area of 0.7 cmz.
    Figure 3 shows increased performance by improving the catalytic function of the metal oxide in the LiCuZnNi-Fe oxide and the NagCOg-SDC ion conductor of the nanocomposite.
    Fuel: H2) Oxidant: air. Gas fl fate: 80 to 120 ml / min, gas pressure: l atm; Cell size: 13 mm in diameter with an active area of 0.7 cmz.
    Figure 4 shows the 1-V / 1-P characteristics of a two-component engineered FC without electrolyte. a, b and c are at 480, 520 and 560 ° C respectively.
    Fuel: H2 Oxidant: air. Gas fl fate: 150 to 200 ml / min, gas pressure: 1 atm; Cell size: 20 mm in diameter with an active area of 2.1 cmz.
    Figure 5 shows the I-V / 1-P characteristic of the best FC by improving both ionic and electronic conductivity. a, b and c are at 480, 500 and 520 ° C respectively.
    Fuel: H; Oxidant: lu fi. Gas fl fate: 80 to 120 ml / min, gas pressure: I atm; Cell size: 13 mm in diameter with an active area of 0.7 cmz.
    Figure 6 shows the I-V / I-P characteristics of the FC with membranes made by sluny casting process and hot pressing at 550 ° C.
    Fuel: H2 Oxidant: air. Gas flow: 1000 to 2000 ml / min, gas pressure: 1 atm; Cell size: 6 x 6 cmzi diameter with an active area of 25 cmz.
    Detailed Description of the Intended Embodiments Materials and Preparations The ion conductive materials: i) iii) SDC (cerium doped with samarium), GDC (cerium doped with gadolinium) and YSZ (yttrium stabilized zirconía) oxygen ion conductors were purchased from (Seattle Specialty Ceramics, Seattle, WA, USA).
    Nanostructured SDC-Na2CO3, i.e. nanocomposite electrolytes were synthesized in a collapsing process. In the synthesis of the cerium carbonate composites, the following chemicals were used in 1.0 M solutions, Ce (NO 3) 3 "6H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich) and Sm (NO 3) 3 6 6H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich). Molar ratios the solution of Sm ( NO3) 3'6H2O a solution of Ce According to the desired (NO3) 3'6H2O. Regarding metal ion Carbonate ion 1: 2 in molar ratio, a significant amount of NazCOg solution (1.0 M) was added slowly (10 ml / min ) to completely produce the cerium carbonate composites with a wet chemical precipitation process.In the same process there was a mixture of SDC and carbonates with.After this process the mixture was filtered by "suction filtration method" The precipitate was dried overnight in an oven at 50 ° C. dry solid in a mortar and sintered at 800 ° C for one hour.
    The LCP was purchased from Baotou rare-earth plant, Inner Mongolia, China, a world-renowned soil producer. Table 1 shows the contents of the LCP after heat treatment at 800 ° C for 2 hours. By heat treating the LCP directly at this temperature, the resulting materials created earth metal oxides in a mixture / composite with the main components consisting of CeO 2, LazO 2 and procent your percent Pr fi Oi t, see Table 1. These LCPs were used as electrolytes for lTSOFCs. The LCP can be further modified by adding other alkaline or alkaline earth carbonates, e.g., MXCO 3 (M = Li, Na, K, Ca, Sr, Ba, x = 1, 2). During the heat treatment, parts of CeOg and MXCO; form some form of ion-doped cerium, MxCepxOg, the resulting materials became even better SOFC electrolytes.
    Table I Composition of an industrial LCP product after 2 hours of heat treatment at 800 ° C LCP La2Û3 C602 PT5O1 1 Ndgøg Sm203 Y2O3 Re2 (CO3) 3 43.25 36.55 57.69 5.59 0.18 <0.01 <0.04 Electronically conductive material: The electronically conductive metal oxide mixtures were prepared "Solid state reaction" method. Stoichiometric amounts of LizCOg, NiCOg. 2Ni (OH) 2-6H 2 O (Sigma Aldrich, USA) and Zn (NO 3) 2-6H 2 O (Sigma Aldrich, USA) and CuCO 3 (99.99%, Aldrich) were mixed, ground and sintered at 700-800 ° C for 3 hours.
    The BSCFn (Ba0.2SrCo0.4Fe0.60x) was synthesized in a precipitation process. The following chemicals were used for 1.0 M solutions, Ba (NO3) 2 (Sigma-Aldrich), Sr (NO3) 2, Co (NO3) 3'6H2O (Sigma-Aldrich) and Fe (NO3) 3 '9HZO. To achieve the desired molar ratios, all these nitrates were mixed to be prepared in 1.0 M solution. The metal ion carbonate ions in suitable molar ratio to make a complete precipitation of Ba, Sr, Co and Fe as carbonates, a considerable amount of NazCOg solution (1.0 M) was added slowly (10 ml / min to complete the precipitation process. After this the precipitation was filtered and dried overnight in an oven at 50 ° C. Finally, the dried solid was sintered (dried solid) at 800 ° C for 2 hours.
    Preparation of the FC component without electrolyte and FC structures The resulting electronically conductive materials described above were mixed with the above-described ion conductors in the weight ratio of 1: 3 and 3: 1.
    The resulting powder was uniaxially pressed into pellets in one step at a pressure of 300 MPa into a tablet of the one-component, both surfaces of which were coated with silver as current absorbers. Its size was usually 13 mm or 20 mm in diameter and 0.60-1.0 mm thick. The larger, 6x6 cm2 one-component FCs were constructed using hot press technology with 600 ° C heat and 10-20 tons of pressure to form the materials. Silver-plated metal nets were used on both sides as current absorbers.
    Fuel cell measurements Cell performance was tested by computerized instruments (L43, Tianjin, China) at temperatures of 400-600 ° C where the hydrogen and air were at 80-1 10 ml min'l at l atm pressure on both sides for the 13 mm cells and 1-2 liters min'l for the cells of 6x6 cm2.
    Example 1: 1 g of commercial GDC was mixed with 1 g of Li0.1Ni0.5Zn0.4 oxide.
    The mixture was pressed with 200 kg pressure in a 13 mm mold to create pellets with 0.6-0.8 mm thickness. FC performance is shown in Figure 2a.
    Example 2: 1 g of commercial SDC was mixed with 1 g of LiO.1Ni0.5ZnO.4 oxide. The mixture was further inverted at 700 ° C for 2 hours and pressed at 200 kg pressure in a 13 mm mold to create pellets 0.6-0.8 mm thick, see Figure 2b.
    Example 3: 10 g of LCP was mixed with sodium carbonate in a weight ratio from 2021 to 4: 1 followed by the addition of 0.5-1.0 g of NiCO 3. 2Ni (OH) 2- 61120, Zn (NO3) 2 ~ 6H2O, CuCOg 0.5-1.0 g Fe (NO3) 9H2O, and 0.5-1 .0 g LiNO3 mixed thoroughly. The mixture was heated at 720 ° C for 2 hours. The resulting material was then pressed at 200 kg pressure in a 13 mm mold to create pellets 0.6-0.8 mm thick, Figure 2c. Example 4: 10 g of SDC-NaCO 3 nanocomposites as ionic conductors were mixed with LiO.1Cu0.4ZnO.5 oxide made in the above synthesis. The mixture was sintered at 700 ° C for 2 hours and then pressed with 200 kg pressure in a 13 mm mold to create pellets with a thickness of 0.6-0.8 mm, Figure 2d.
    Example 5: 10 g were mixed with 5 g of LiO.2Ni0.3Cu0.2ZnO.3 oxide. The mixture was further heated at 70 ° C for 2 hours and then pressed with 200 kg pressure in a 13 mm mold to create pellets with a thickness of 0.6-0.8 mm, Figure 2e.
    Example 6: For improved catalytic function of the metal oxide catalyst, Fe was added. 1.2g NagCOg-SDC -0.6 g LiNiCuZn oxide was further mixed with 0.6 g Fe (NO3) 9H2O and mixed completely. The mixture was heated at 720 ° C for 2 hours. The resulting material was then pressed with 200 kg pressure in a 13 mm mold to create pellets 0.6-0.8 mm thick. The FC performance is shown in Figure 2, effect of catalyst function by adding Fe elements 3b) compared to non-Fe, 3a).
    Example 7: Constructing two-component FC without electrolyte. One component was made using a Li0.2Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.30x -SDC mixture and another using a BSCF-SDC mixture. The powder mixtures were pressed in a two-layer configuration with a pressure of 300 kg in a 20 mm mold to create pellets with a thickness of 0.6-0.8 mm. The FC performance is shown in Figure 4.
    Example 8: The best one-component FC performance of this invention was improved by carefully fitting the parts between the ionic and electronic conductivities using the samples from Example 6. The weight ratios 1: 1.5 between Na 2 CO 3 -SDC and LiNiCuZnFe oxide were used. The FC performance shown in Figure 5. a, b, c and d are at 480, 500, 520 and 540 ° C respectively. Example 9: The one component was made using the best composition of Example 8 which was further processed by slurry casting process to produce membranes and followed by hot pressing at 550 ° C and 20 tons of pressure. The final I- V / I-P characteristics of the FC are shown in Figure 6.
    More examples are listed in Table 2, with indications of their corresponding ITSOFC performance.
    Those with knowledge in the field will appreciate that the above-mentioned examples are to serve as an example only and are not intended to imply any limitation on the present invention.
    Table 2. More examples of one-component materials * mol% means molar ratio, wt% are weight ratios .lon-conducting Electronic conductive material FC Temperature performance material (mWcm'2) (° C) i) LiNi0.6Cu0.40x 200-600 450 - 600 LCP oxides ii) LiCu0.4Zn0.60x 200-500 450-600 iii) LaMO3 (M = Ni, Cu, Co, Mn) 150-400 400-650 The weight ratios between the electronic 300-1000 conductor and the LCP are 1: 1 400-650 Jondopad 200-700 500-700 MxCerxOg iv) LiNi0.6Cu0.40x Dopämne M <20 mol% * och v) BSCF 120-540 500-700 = caz fi 51-22 od * smßï Y ”** BCY vi) LiNi0.6Cu0.40x 220-880 450 - 700 240-800 450-700 Note to Table 2:
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. l. An entirely new and cost-effective fuel cell (FC) technology has been realized in this invention. It is characterized in that the F C is constructed in a configuration with only one or two components, to which current collectors are connected on both sides. In this invention there is no need for the conventional three components; an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode as well as an MEA structure.
    [2]
    According to claim 1. It is characterized in that the FC is constructed without an electrolyte, or is electrolyte free.
    [3]
    According to claim 1. It is characterized in that the one or two components are both made of ion and electron conducting materials. These can be either a mixed electron and ion conductor, or mixtures or composites of both ion and electron conductors.
    [4]
    According to claim 1. It is characterized in that said electron conductors are based on mixed metal oxides, typically oxides of Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe etc and BSCF etc; and the ionic conductors are mentioned as doped or non-doped cerium oxide, LCP and their composites, typically NaSDC nanocomposites.
    [5]
    According to claim 1. It is characterized in that the one or more components are made with a porous structure with a suitable porosity.
    [6]
    According to claims 1-5, what is mentioned above is not limited by specific methods of manufacture or by the use of specific materials, but is applied if the resulting FC device is constructed of only one or two components and is without electrolyte.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SE1000813A1|2012-02-03|Fuel cells without octrolytes
    Yang et al.2015|In situ fabrication of CoFe alloy nanoparticles structured | 3 | 2O7 ceramic anode for direct hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cells
    Huang et al.2012|Development of solid oxide fuel cell materials for intermediate-to-low temperature operation
    Fan et al.2017|Role of carbonate phase in ceria–carbonate composite for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells: a review
    Zhao et al.2009|Structural and electrochemical studies of Ba0. 6Sr0. 4Co1− yTiyO3− δ as a new cathode material for IT-SOFCs
    He et al.2018|In situ formation of Er0. 4Bi1. 6O3 protective layer at cobaltite cathode/Y2O3–ZrO2 electrolyte interface under solid oxide fuel cell operation conditions
    JP3786402B2|2006-06-14|Method for introducing electrode active oxide into air electrode for solid oxide fuel cell
    JP5144236B2|2013-02-13|Solid oxide fuel cell
    Ding et al.2015|Enhanced SOFC cathode performance by infiltrating Ba0. 5Sr0. 5Co0. 8Fe0. 2O3− δ nanoparticles for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells
    Jin et al.2018|Evaluation of Fe and Mn co-doped layered perovskite PrBaCo2/3Fe2/3Mn1/2O5+ δ as a novel cathode for intermediate-temperature solid-oxide fuel cell
    JP2010277877A|2010-12-09|Solid oxide fuel cell
    Cai et al.2020|Ni-doped A-site-deficient La0. 7Sr0. 3Cr0. 5Mn0. 5O3-δ perovskite as anode of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells
    KR101186766B1|2012-09-27|Easy-sintering zirconia electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cell
    JP3661676B2|2005-06-15|Solid oxide fuel cell
    Zhang et al.2013|An intermediate temperature fuel cell based on composite electrolyte of carbonate and doped barium cerate with SrFe0. 7Mn0. 2Mo0. 1O3− δ cathode
    Zhang et al.2013|Modification of electrocatalytic activity of BaCe0. 40Sm0. 20Fe0. 40O3− δ with Co3O4 as cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell
    WO2013048720A1|2013-04-04|Scandium-doped bzcy electrolytes
    Zhang et al.2017|One-step synthesized Co1. 5Mn1. 5O4-Ce0. 8Sm0. 2O1. 9 composite cathode material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells
    Lenka et al.2021|Comparative investigation on the functional properties of alkaline earth metal | doped Nd2NiO4+ δ oxygen electrode material for SOFC applications
    JP4191821B2|2008-12-03|Lanthanum gallate sintered body for solid electrolyte, method for producing the same, and fuel cell using the same as solid electrolyte
    Du et al.2020|A SmBaCo 2 O 5+ δ double perovskite with epitaxially grown Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 2− δ nanoparticles as a promising cathode for solid oxide fuel cells
    CN102054992B|2013-04-24|High conductivity double perovskite-type anode materials and preparation method thereof
    JP2006244810A|2006-09-14|Electrode for solid oxide fuel cell and its manufacturing method
    US20060127726A1|2006-06-15|Solid electrolyte based on magnesia-doped ceria
    Lim et al.2020|Ca-and Ni-Doped Pr0. 5Ba0. 5FeO3− δ as a Highly Active and Robust Cathode for High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN103081197A|2013-05-01|
    SE535245C2|2012-06-05|
    WO2012018297A1|2012-02-09|
    EP2601703A1|2013-06-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5298235A|1991-12-16|1994-03-29|The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania|Electrochemical devices based on single-component solid oxide bodies|
    US5725965A|1995-04-25|1998-03-10|Gas Research Institute|Stable high conductivity functionally gradient compositionally layered solid state electrolytes and membranes|
    AU2003278832A1|2002-09-13|2004-04-30|Carnegie Mellon University|Optical biosensors and methods of use thereof|
    GB2411043B|2004-02-10|2007-09-19|Ceres Power Ltd|A method and apparatus for operating an intermediate-temperature solid-oxide fuel cell stack|
    US20120171587A1|2004-10-05|2012-07-05|Ctp Hydrogen Corporation|Conducting ceramics for electrochemical systems|
    WO2007011401A2|2004-11-23|2007-01-25|Trustees Of Boston University|Composite mixed oxide ionic and electronic conductors for hydrogen separation|
    CN101295791B|2007-04-24|2011-01-26|中国科学院大连化学物理研究所|Ternary complex cathode material of intermediate/low temperature solid-oxide fuel battery|US10811717B2|2013-02-13|2020-10-20|Georgia Tech Research Corporation|Electrolyte formation for a solid oxide fuel cell device|
    US10418657B2|2013-10-08|2019-09-17|Phillips 66 Company|Formation of solid oxide fuel cells by spraying|
    WO2015054065A1|2013-10-08|2015-04-16|Phillips 66 Company|Liquid phase modification of electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells|
    US9666891B2|2013-10-08|2017-05-30|Phillips 66 Company|Gas phase modification of solid oxide fuel cells|
    CN104103842B|2014-07-02|2017-01-04|湖北大学|A kind of electroless matter barrier film single part fuel cell with Schottky junction type|
    CN105514458A|2016-01-27|2016-04-20|广州道动新能源有限公司|Fuel voltaic battery|
    CN105576252B|2016-03-21|2018-02-27|吉林大学|SOFC based on semiconductor junction effect and preparation method thereof|
    CN107994234B|2017-11-06|2020-05-22|深圳大学|Ceramic fuel cell and preparation method thereof|
    CN109244501B|2018-09-25|2021-03-26|德州新动能铁塔发电有限公司|Fuel cell bipolar plate composite material and preparation method and application thereof|
    CN109686986B|2018-11-02|2020-12-08|全球能源互联网研究院有限公司|One-way electronic conduction solid oxide fuel cell and preparation method thereof|
    CN111554956B|2020-04-02|2021-11-23|湖北大学|LST-SDC-NCAL composite material and application thereof, single-layer fuel cell and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
    2015-03-31| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1000813A|SE535245C2|2010-08-02|2010-08-02|Fuel cells without octrolytes|SE1000813A| SE535245C2|2010-08-02|2010-08-02|Fuel cells without octrolytes|
    PCT/SE2011/050959| WO2012018297A1|2010-08-02|2011-07-21|Fuel cell|
    CN2011800425612A| CN103081197A|2010-08-02|2011-07-21|Fuel cell|
    EP11814871.7A| EP2601703A1|2010-08-02|2011-07-21|Fuel cell|
    [返回顶部]