• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The principles of NMR fate measurements are integrated into an aircraft to measure air velocity.
    公开号:SE1000557A1
    申请号:SE1000557
    申请日:2010-05-24
    公开日:2011-11-25
    发明作者:Carl Tyren
    申请人:Carl Tyren；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 Therefore, the need for better and more reliable air velocity sensors is obvious and vital for raising MTBF for the complete aircraft.
    Description of the Invention N MR or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance has become a well known method of medical imaging. NMR, as a chemical analysis method, has been used for many years and is used, for example, for scientific, for food as well as for engineering applications.
    Other applications of N MR, which are much less well known by the professional world, are the measurement of fates. With this technique one can solve very demanding fl fate measurement tasks, such as simultaneous measurement of fl solid mass den fates, for example mixtures of gas and liquid, which flow in the pump pipes of oil drilling equipment (described in for example EP049633OA2, EP0691256A1 and EP1664688A1, which is practical to solve) any conventional flow measurement technique.
    NMR flow measurement is a non-contact and non-invasive method that uses a combination of magnetic and RF fields to detect the mass and motion of liquids.
    The basis for all NMR analysis is the relationship between the intensity of the magnetic field and the resonant-precession frequency of the proton spin, the so-called Larmor frequency. Because it is determined by physical constants, the Larmor frequency is an exact measure of the intensity of the surrounding field. This fact is used in, for example, highly sensitive magnetometers for geological and military applications that can resolve changes as small as 10exp9 of the magnetic field intensity.
    To measure fate, a magnetic field gradient is applied in principle along the path of fate. As a proton moves through the field gradient and thus over a changing magnetic field intensity, the proton's Larmor frequency will change accordingly and the change in Larmor frequency is a direct measure of the proton's velocity through the magnetic gradient field range.
    By using established NMR spectra for different types of substances, as well as their mass density, these substances present in the ambient air of the spacecraft can be identified. Examples of such substances of particular interest to airborne vehicles and safety are water droplets, snow, ice and volcanic ash. 10 15 20 25 30 NMR fl fate sensors are capable of solving almost impossible fl fate measurement problems. One such thing from the early days of NMR flow measurements was the measurement of the fl fate of coal dust. Taking into account the current major problems for rail traffic in Europe arising from the Icelandic volcanic eruptions, which have occasionally led to a ban on road traffic mainly in Europe, the problem of detecting the density of volcanic ash in the air traversed by an aircraft has become great security significance as well as economic significance. If aircraft were equipped with volcanic ash sensors on board, this would be of great value. The NMR sensor offers this possibility as an additional feature. The problem of volcanic ash has been known and understood for decades and only gained understanding after a number of fatal crashes and emergencies had been analyzed. In areas around the equator, for example, where volcanic eruptions are more common than in Europe, the g eyeglines are also more used to dealing with ash problems than their European counterparts, but the importance of a volcanic ash detection system on board would be of high value worldwide.
    By combining the information on the speed and mass density of a substance, the mass density of each substance can be measured.
    Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the NMR air velocity sensor where 1 is the air skin outside the aircraft, 2 is a permanent magnet system attached to the inside of the aircraft skin, 3 is a printed film circuit containing mainly the RF coil structure attached to the outside of the aircraft skin to generate and detecting NMR RF signals, 4 is NMR signal control and analysis.
    Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment where the printed film circuit has been replaced by a cylindrical or ring segment shaped RF coil arrangement (5). The device 5 may also comprise permanent magnets for co-operation with the magnet system 2.
    The area between the device 5 and the vehicle skin 1 forms a flow channel in which the air velocity can be detected.
    In the first embodiment, the NMR air velocity sensor is completely insensitive to the build-up of ice or dirt on the skin surface of the aircraft. There is always a boundary bearing with a speed gradient that extends outwards from the skin of the g y vessel to a distance where the full ambient air velocity is present. Should there be a layer of ice or dirt on the skin of the aircraft, the velocity profile area would shift outward with the thickness of the ice or dirt, but the NMR sensor, with the appropriate design of the magnetic field, is still capable of reaching and detecting the bearing at full air speed.
    For the embodiment 2, a conventional heating of the RF coil elements, similar to the heating of pitot tubes, is required.
    At high altitudes and otherwise, there may be insufficient number of atoms suitable for NRM detection. In an alternative embodiment, the air velocity sensor may be provided with a nozzle to deliver a liquid or a gas in front of the detector. The gas will reach the speed of the air velocity. The amount of gas is known and is measured and controlled. An example of a suitable gas is methane, CH4, whose hydrogen atoms can be used for the N MR measurements.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Method for measuring the relative air velocity between an aircraft and the ambient air, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), characterized in that an NMR signal is analyzed to measure the mass äm of substances present in the ambient air of the aircraft, such as water droplets, snow, ice and / or volcanic ash.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE536290C2|2013-08-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2013077781A1|2011-11-23|2013-05-30|Tyren Carl|Method and system for measuring relative velocity between a vehicle and the surrounding atmosphere|
    法律状态:
    2019-01-02| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1000557A|SE536290C2|2010-05-24|2010-05-24|Procedure for measuring air velocity|SE1000557A| SE536290C2|2010-05-24|2010-05-24|Procedure for measuring air velocity|
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