• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a locking device 1 for locking a turbine blade of a wind power plant at a predetermined pitch angle, which wind power plant comprises a rotor hub 2 and at least one turbine blade where the blade root of the at least one turbine blade is connected to the rotor hub through a pitch bearing so that the pitch angle of the at least one turbine blade is adjustable by turning of the at least one turbine blade about its longitudinal axis relative to the rotor hub 2 and wherein the device for locking the turbine blade comprises a mechanical snap-in mechanism which in a locked position prevents the at least one turbine blade from turning about its longitudinal axis thus fixating the at least one turbine blade in the predetermined pitch angle.
    公开号:SE0950591A1
    申请号:SE0950591
    申请日:2009-08-18
    公开日:2011-02-19
    发明作者:Mikael Lindberg；Johan Hedberg
    申请人:Ge Wind Energy Norway As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Furthermore, GB 2191823 discloses "ram air" turbine rotor blade adjusting means comprising latch which, when activated, rotates the blades to a looped pitch and locks it in that position.
    DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an improved locking device for locking a turbine blade at a predetermined pitch angle, preferably where the predetermined pitch angle corresponds to a looped position of the turbine blade.
    According to the invention, there is provided a system for a wind turbine which increases safety and reliability and which is capable of keeping the blades of a wind turbine locked in a predetermined position without dependence on any control system or electrical system. This and other objects of the invention are achieved with a locking device for a wind turbine, which wind turbine comprises a rotomav and at least one turbine blade, wherein the blade root of said at least one blade is connected to the rotomav by a pitch bearing so that the pitch angle of said at least one blade can be adjusted by rotation of said at least one blade about its longitudinal axis relative to the rotomavet, and wherein the locking device comprises a mechanical snap mechanism which in locked position prevents said at least one turbine blade from rotating about its longitudinal axis and thus blad axes the blade at said predetermined pitch angle.
    The locking device according to the invention leads to a number of advantages, the most advantageous of which are the following: - a robust and reliable blade locking mechanism, - a blade locking device that is cheap and easy to install, operate and maintain, - a locking device with mechanical locking that does not depend on any additional energy supply to lock the blade in a wind turbine, which leads to a blade locking system with high safety without any risk of uncontrolled change of the pitch angle.
    A locking device according to the present invention is arranged to lock a turbine blade at a predetermined pitch angle. The invention is particularly advantageous for locking turbine blades in a looped pitch, for example during maintenance work, but it can also be used to lock blades at other pitch angles. The position where a blade is locked by a device according to the invention depends on where on the pitch bearing the locking device is mounted. As an example, the device, for locking a turbine blade in an fl-eyed pitch, is mounted on pitch bearings in such a position that, when the blade has rotated relative to the hub to the fl-eyed angle, the locking mechanism snap mechanism is activated, whereby the blade is x-x relative to the hub.
    It will be appreciated that ordinary operation of the wind turbine is known in the art and will therefore not be described in detail. The wind turbine includes, for example, a blade pitch system, with which the pitch angle of the turbine blades can be changed and locked at different angles in a continuous manner with regard to the wind direction. The blade pitch system further includes one or more actuating means coupled to the hub and blades for changing the pitch angle of the blades by rotating about its longitudinal axis relative to the rotor hub.
    The actuating means may be operated by any suitable means such as, but not limited to, hydraulic fluid, electrical power and / or mechanical power. The blade pitch system further includes means for continuously axing the blades at any desired angle, as is known in the art, for example by means of a gear system and / or by means of disc brakes. However, a blade locking device according to the invention is used to mechanically lock the blade at a specific pitch angle selected for a particular purpose. Such a purpose may be to lock the blade in a looped position, e.g. during maintenance work, or depending on extreme wind conditions.
    According to one aspect of the invention, the locking device comprises a hub part which is permanently connected to the hub and a blade part which is permanently connected to the turbine blade. Each part comprises a mounting plate which is permanently attached to the hub and the blade, respectively. When a blade is locked in a certain pitch, the blade is rotated by the actuating means relative to the hub until the blade mounting plate is brought in close proximity to the hub mounting plate. In this position, the snap mechanism of the locking device is activated, which means that the hub and blade parts are connected to each other by means of a form fit and thus prevents further rotation of the turbine blade.
    According to another aspect of the invention, the blade part comprises at least a first and a second locking block which are mounted at a certain distance from each other and thus they open an open space between them. Furthermore, the hub part comprises a projecting element which is designed to substantially match the open space as they are. Niered by the locking blocks. Preferably, but not necessarily, the projecting element consists of a projecting pivot element, but it is equally possible that the projecting element can be in the form of a movable locking pin. The pivot element is preferably pressed continuously in the direction of the pitch bearing of the turbine blade. When an unlocked turbine blade is locked, the blade is rotated about its longitudinal axis relative to the hub, and the blade portion of the locking device rotates together therewith.
    The hub of the locking device is located relative to the rotor blade. When the blade has turned to a position where the hub part and the blade part meet, said projecting pivot element snaps into the open space between the two locking blocks and thus connects the two parts with each other and the locking blade.
    A person skilled in the art realizes that the hub part and the blade part, respectively, are interchangeable, which means that they can change places with each other so that the blade part can also be connected to the rotomavet and vice versa without affecting the locking function according to the invention.
    According to yet another aspect of the invention, the pivot element is continuously pressed against the turbine blade by the force of a spring element. In the locked position, the spring element ensures that the pivot element remains in place in the open space between the locking blocks.
    According to another aspect of the invention, the locking device comprises means for disconnecting the hub part and the blade part, whereby the device is unlocked so that the blade can rotate again. Preferably, but not exclusively, the means for disconnecting the pivot element from the open space between the locking blocks comprises an electromagnet which, when activated, retracts the spring element so that the pivot element is released from the open space between the two mentioned locking blocks. The part connected to the rotor blade is thus released from the part connected to the rotor hub, and the rotor blade is free to rotate.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a partially schematic rotomav in a wind turbine, which view shows the internal construction and a preferred version of a locking device according to the invention, Figs. Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a locking device according to a preferred example of the invention, which view shows the blade locking device in a locked position, Figs. 3A-3C show in series how a blade locking device according to a preferred example of the invention goes from an unlocked position to a locked position, Fig. 4A is a plan view of an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 4A taken along line AA.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION NO The following description and examples therein are given for the purpose of describing and illustrating certain embodiments of the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
    Fig. 1 shows a rotomav 2 in a wind turbine with three pitch bearings 4, each for receiving a turbine blade (not shown). Each pitch bearing 4 comprises an annular shaft 22 connected to the hub 2, and an annular bearing ring 41 configured for operative engagement with the rotor blade. A pitch bearing 4 is seen to comprise a locking device 1 according to the present invention. The locking device 1 IFig. 1 is shown in the locked position, which prevents the blade (not shown) from rotating about its longitudinal axis relative to the rotomavet 2.
    As shown in Fig. 1, the locking device 1 comprises a hub part 10, which is connected to the end 22, and a blade part 11, which is connected to the bearing ring 41. Each part and 11 respectively comprise a mounting plate, of which a mounting plate 21 is permanently attached to the hub. 2 fl is 22, and the second mounting plate 31 is permanently attached to the bearing ring 41. The two parts 10, 11 are connected by means of a snap mechanism, by means of which the pitch bearing 4 is locked in a predetermined position, which predetermined position depends on where on the pitch bearing 4 the locking device 1 is attached.
    Furthermore, Fig. 2 shows the preferred details of the blade locking device 1. The device is again seen in locked position, the two parts 10, 11 being interconnected by means of a snap mechanism. The plate 21, which is permanently fixed to the end 22, comprises a projecting pivot element 210 which is mounted to and held in place by a retaining block 211.
    The pivot element 210 is continuously pressed against the plate 31 by means of a spring element 213.
    The plate 213 is permanently attached to the bearing ring 41 of the rotor blade. More specifically, the pivot member 210 is pressed into an open space defined by the two locking blocks 310, 311 mounted on the plate 31, which is permanently connected to the bearing ring 41. The two locking blocks 310, 311 are positioned so as to receive and retain the pivot member 210, and the retaining block 211 leading to the pitch bearing 4 is fixed and the turbine blade (not shown) and the rotor hub 2 are locked relative to each other. In addition, the locking device according to the present invention preferably comprises sensors 12, 13. A sensor 12 indicates the position of the pivot element (raised or lowered) and a sensor 13 indicates the position of the mounting plate 21 attached to the hub relative to the position of the mounting plate 31 attached to the rotor blade. which means that the sensor 13 indicates whether the device 1 is in a locked or an unlocked position.
    Figs. 3A-3C show in series how locking of a turbine blade with a locking device 1 according to the present invention is achieved with said snap mechanism. Fig. 3A shows two parts, 11 with their respective mounting plates 21, 31 in a locking device 1 in unlocked position, whereby the bearing ring 41 of the rotor blade is rotated relative to the hub 2 in such a way that the two adjacent parts 10, 11 are disconnected and separated from each other. The spring member 213 continuously forces the pivot member 210 against the bearing ring 41 so that at least a portion of the projecting pivot member 210 continuously touches said bearing ring 41.
    The pivot member 210 is mounted on a retaining block 211 and can pivot about its retaining axis.
    As shown in Fig. 3B, the rotor blade has rotated relative to the rotomavet 2 and consequently the bearing ring 41 fl has moved relative to the fl end 22 in such a way that the mounting plate 31 has approached the mounting plate 21. The movement leads to the front locking block 310 entering and below the protruding element 210 and forces it to pivot upward. This is facilitated due to the preferably frame-like shape of the locking block 310, which allows the pivot member 210 to slide up and onto the upper surface of the locking block 310, as shown in Fig. 3B.
    Finally, Fig. 3C shows the locking device 1 according to a preferred aspect of the invention in locked position after the snap mechanism has been activated. Here, the bearing ring 41 has rotated a bit further compared to Fig. 2B which causes the pivot member 210 to slide further on the top of the ramp-like locking block 310 until, at one point, the pivot member slides over and crosses the edge of the block 310 and snaps into the space between the both spaced apart locking blocks 310, 311. The snap mechanism is achieved thanks to the spring member 213, which presses the pivot member 210 downward throughout the process.
    A groove 312 in the plate 31 which is arranged directly after the locking block 310 is dimensionally adapted to the shape of the pivot element 210 to receive and retain the same.
    Once the turbine blade is in a locked position, it is prevented from turning further in at least three ways. First, the spring force keeps the pivot member 210 pressed down relative to the end 22. Second, the tip portion of the pivot member 210 is adjacent the rear vertical edge of the locking block 310 which stops rotation in one direction, and third, the retaining block 211 abuts the second locking device 11 of the locking device 11. which stops rotation in the other direction.
    The pivot element 210 and the retaining block 211 together substantially match the space between the two locking blocks 310, 311. Once the plates 21, 31, which are connected to the end 22 and the bearing ring 41, respectively, are brought next to each other and linked as in Fig. 3C, the rotor blade will be relative to the hub. 2 and cannot rotate about its longitudinal axis. The pitch angle of the blade is thus locked.
    To unlock the device 1 according to the invention, the pivot element 210 is retracted from the space between the locking blocks 310, 311 by pivoting upwards relative to the bearing ring 41.
    Such a retraction can be achieved, for example, by integrating an electromagnet with the spring element 213. The electromagnet can be activated so that the spring is retracted and lifts the pivot element 210 from a locked position between the locking blocks 310, 311.
    Figs. 4A-B show the hub part 10 of the locking device 1, which is permanently connected to the rotor hub 2 fl and 22. Fig. 4A is a plan view thereof and shows the mounting plate 21 from above, and Fig. 4B is a cross-sectional view along the line A-A in Fig. 4A. Here it appears that the spring element 213 is mounted in a capercaillie housing 214 and is further connected to the pivot element 210 by means of a rod 215, which is fixed to the upper side of said pivot element 210.
    The invention should not be considered limited to the embodiments described above, but may be varied within the scope of the appended claims. The pivot member 210 may, for example, have a shape other than that described herein, and a wind turbine may include more than one installed blade locking device 1. Many other variations are also possible, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. Locking device for locking a turbine blade on a wind turbine at a predetermined blade angle, which wind turbine comprises a hub (2) arranged to support at least one turbine blade, said locking device (1) for the turbine blade being connected to the hub (2) through a bearing (4) arranged so that the blade angle of said at least one blade is adjustable by rotating the blade about its longitudinal axis relative to the hub (2) characterized in that said locking device (1) comprises a mechanical snapping mechanism which in a locked position, it prevents at least one blade fi from rotating about its longitudinal axis and thereby fixes the blade at said predetermined blade angle. Locking device according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined blade angle corresponds to an position eyed position of the at least one turbine blade. Locking device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said locking device (1) comprises a hub part (10) which is permanently attached to the hub (2) and a blade part (11) which is permanently attached to the turbine blade. Locking device according to claim 3, wherein the hub part (10) and the blade part (11) in a locked position are interconnected with each other via said snapping mechanism in order to prevent further rotation of the turbine blade. Locking device according to claim 4, wherein the blade part (11) comprises at least a first (310) and a second (311) locking block mounted at a certain distance from each other and thereby defines an open space. Locking device according to claim 5, wherein the hub part (10) comprises a projecting element (210) which is dimensioned to fit substantially into the open space as they are defined by the locking blocks (310, 311). Locking device according to claim 6, wherein the projecting element is a pivot element (210) which is continuously pressed in a direction against a tooth bearing (41) of the turbine blade. Locking device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the projecting element (210) is continuously pressed into said open space which is the one fi initiated by the locking blocks (310, 311) to thereby interconnect the hub (10) and the blade part (11). ) with each other and prevent further rotation of the turbine blade. Locking device according to claim 8, wherein the projecting element is continuously pressed by the force of a spring element (213). Locking device according to claim 9, comprising means for releasing the hub (10) and the blade part (11) from each other by causing said projecting element (210) to move in a direction away from said open space. lll. Locking device according to claim 10, wherein the means for releasing the hub part (10) and the blade part (11) from each other is an electromagnet. A method of locking a turbine blade of a wind turbine at a predetermined blade angle comprising the steps of: a. Providing a wind turbine with a hub (2) and at least one turbine blade where the blade root of the at least one blade is connected to the hub via a toothed bearing (4) ; characterized by b. mounting a locking device (1) for the turbine blade according to any one of the preceding claims in a predetermined position on the bearing (4) between the blade root and the hub (2); c. adjusting the at least one blade by rotating it about its longitudinal axis relative to the hub (2) to a predetermined position in which the snapping mechanism of said device (1) for locking the turbine blade is activated and locks the blade angle of the blade in said predetermined position. A method according to claim 9, wherein the predetermined position for mounting said locking device on the turbine blade corresponds to a position where said turbine blades are in a looped position.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN101994646A|2011-03-30|
    US20110044813A1|2011-02-24|
    EP2290228A2|2011-03-02|
    SE534292C2|2011-06-28|
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    法律状态:
    2013-04-02| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE0950591A|SE534292C2|2009-08-18|2009-08-18|Blade pitch locking device and method for locking a turbine blade|SE0950591A| SE534292C2|2009-08-18|2009-08-18|Blade pitch locking device and method for locking a turbine blade|
    EP10172036A| EP2290228A2|2009-08-18|2010-08-05|Blade pitch lock device|
    US12/857,647| US20110044813A1|2009-08-18|2010-08-17|Blade pitch lock device|
    CN2010102669318A| CN101994646A|2009-08-18|2010-08-18|Blade pitch lock device|
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