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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    04 May 2016 15:32 Patent Office Ferguson BV +31334616011 p. 24 - EXTRACTION Roof with a supporting structure, one above the supporting structure. 5, a vapor barrier or closing layer, a thermal insulating layer placed on the vapor barrier / closing layer and built up of mutually adjoining insulating plates and a layer of waterproof roof covering located above the insulating layer, wherein at least one transmitter unit is arranged in the thermally insulating layer, preferably in the underside of the thermally insulating layer, which transmitter unit is operatively connected to a moisture sensor which is provided with cooperating moisture contact points or electrodes on the underside of the thermally insulating layer, the transmitter unit being adapted to send a signal indicative of presence of water / moisture at the electrodes, in particular for contact of the moisture contact points or electrodes with water and preferably a signal indicative of the location of the transmitter unit. 1041853
    公开号:NL1041853A
    申请号:NL1041853
    申请日:2016-05-04
    公开日:2016-10-10
    发明作者:Bruins Slot Albert；Leendert Appels Christiaan
    申请人:Abs Infradvies B V；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Roof leakage detection system
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to a flat or slightly sloping roof, with a continuous, continuous roof covering layer that provides the barrier against rain water. The invention relates to a detection system for leaks on such a roof.
    The roofing layer can be a bituminous layer, an EPDM layer or the like. The roofing layer can be uncovered or covered with litter. The roofing layer can also be ballasted, for example with gravel, tiles or a sedum layer. In warm roof configurations, the roofing layer is generally on a thermo-insulating layer of sheets EPS, Polyurethane (PUR), Polyisocyanurate (PIR), rock wool, etc., which lie on a vapor barrier or sealing layer, including the load-bearing, sealing roof construction, for example with profiled steel plates, concrete channel plates or wooden cladding.
    The invention further relates to a thermal insulation plate for use in a flat roof or slightly sloping roof and to a roof leakage detection system for such a roof.
    With flat roofs and slightly sloping roofs, water stays on site longer than with sloping roofs that are usually covered with tiles. In the case of a damaged roofing layer, standing water can result in a long-term leakage. Before such a leakage is noticed after a long time, underlying structural parts and finishing parts can be considerably affected by the action of moisture, so that replacement is often necessary. Furthermore, the insulation layer may lose some of its effectiveness due to the absorption of water. Water absorption can also result in an undesirable degree of weight gain from the roof, with the possible consequence of structural components collapsing.
    In the case that the roof is covered with a layer of material, such as a ballast layer or a sedum layer, to reach the roof covering layer and to be able to inspect it, this layer must to a large extent be removed, which requires much time and effort. . This is also the case if a support structure for solar panels is placed on the flat roof.
    Roof leakage detection systems for flat roofs are known in several forms. In an existing system with permanent monitoring, use is made of a potential difference over the roofing layer, wherein electrically conductive membranes are arranged above and below the roofing layer, above the insulating layer. When a leakage path occurs through the roofing layer, a circuit closes, so that a signal is issued that there is a leak, see also German utility model 201 19 686. In a known further development thereof, the leakage location can also be determined by means of a vector system.
    In another known system, see US patent 5,648,724, a double electrical conductor is arranged in the upper side of the insulation layer, below the roofing layer, surrounded by an insulation whose dielectric constant changes under the influence of moisture. Pulses are sent through the conductors, a change in the reflection being indicative of leakage and its location.
    In practice, it is often difficult for people who install roofing to perform special additional actions. Conventional operations, such as laying a vapor barrier or sealing layer, laying sheets of insulating material, laying a bitumen layer and ballasting, roofers go well, but when, for example, an electrical system must be applied, the expertise and skills often do not go far. enough. The result may be that an added system will not work as it should.
    Furthermore, U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,273 discloses a wireless system in which recesses in the top of an insulating layer located directly below a roofing layer are placed a number of scattered transmitter units with electronic radio transmitters, each of which is supplied by its own power source in response to the presence of water. The transmitted signal is received by a remote central receiver that determines the transmission direction and thus the building on which the leak was detected. A workman then has to search the roof with a detector for the location of the relevant radio station and thus the location of the leak. In this known system, leakage water must end up in the recess in the insulation plate for a transmitter to be able to work. Other existing leakage routes, such as through joints between the insulation plates and via the insulation material itself, can result in leakage water not being able to reach that recess. In this system it is possible that condensation against the underside of the roofing layer results in an incorrect report of leakage.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    An object of the invention is to provide a roof leakage detection system that can be easily installed.
    An object of the invention is to provide a roof leakage detection system that is suitable for being placed by conventional roofer personnel.
    An object of the invention is to provide a roof leakage detection system that is simple in design.
    An object of the invention is to provide a roof leakage detection system that can be realized at low costs.
    An object of the invention is to provide a roof leakage detection system that can function reliably.
    It is an object of the invention to provide a roof arrangement with such a roof leakage detection system, as well as components therefor.
    To achieve at least one of these objects, the invention provides, from one aspect, a roof with a supporting structure, a vapor barrier or sealing layer located above the supporting structure, a thermal structure mounted on the vapor barrier / sealing layer and built up of mutually connecting insulating plates insulating layer and a layer of watertight roof covering above the insulating layer, wherein at least one transmitter unit is arranged in the thermally insulating layer, preferably in the lower side of the thermally insulating layer, which transmitter unit is operatively connected to a moisture sensor which is provided with electrically cooperating electrodes or moisture contact points on the underside of the thermally insulating layer, the transmitter unit being adapted to send a (data) signal which is indicative, contains a measure of the presence of water / moisture at the electrodes, in particular for contact of the electrodes or moisture contact points with wa ter. Contact here is understood to mean both a physical, electrical contact of the electrodes with water and the presence of water within the sphere of influence of the electrodes, such as with a capacitive measurement.
    Preferably, the transmitter unit is also adapted to send a signal indicative of the location of the transmitter unit.
    Thus it is achieved that the detection of a leak by means of the moisture contact points or electrodes takes place at the lowest possible level in the roof covering, namely on a vapor barrier or sealing layer, where water can collect and remain over a longer period of time, so that there is a good chance that a transmitter unit is actually reached, and can emit a signal indicative of the moisture contact (moisture signal). In the preferred embodiment, on the basis of the signal containing the ID and / or location data, it is possible to determine which transmitter unit has issued the signal, on the basis of which the leakage location can be determined elsewhere. Both signals can be separate signals, for example sent shortly after each other, or form part of one signal. A data collection / processing unit for processing the signals may be located elsewhere.
    No additional, complicated actions are required when installing the roof covering. The roofer can apply the roof covering in the usual manner and in the usual order. External signal wires are absent and therefore do not have to be laid. It may be desirable to pay attention to where exactly the insulation plates provided with a transmitter unit are laid, or where the transmitter units must be placed between insulation plates, but that will fall within the skills of the roofer. To this end, insulating plates can for instance be provided with a mark on the upper side. Checking after laying the insulation layer is therefore easy. There is no risk of damage to the transmitter units when walking over the insulation plates, because they are mounted on the underside of the insulation plate and remain at a distance below the upper surface of the insulation plate.
    Due to the distance to the underside of the roofing layer, which distance is determined by the thickness of the insulating layer, the chance of incorrect leakage reports as a result of condensation against the underside of the roofing layer is minimized. If there is excessive condensation caused by a defect in the structure, which can result in the insulation layer becoming wet and therefore malfunctioning, and possibly causing the structure to become too heavy, it can be detected earlier with the measures according to the invention. The construction error can then be corrected.
    In one embodiment, the moisture contact points or electrodes are operatively connected to one or more strips or a layer of moisture-absorbing or moisture-transporting material disposed on the underside of the relevant insulation plate. This strip / strips or layer promotes / promotes the process of bringing the moisture sensor into effective contact with the leakage water and thus the functional transmitter unit. The moisture-absorbing or moisture-transporting material forms a moist space between the two moisture contact points or electrodes. In one embodiment, the moisture contact points or electrodes are in engagement with the moisture-absorbing or moisture-transporting material, in particular they extend therein.
    In an effective embodiment thereof, wherein the insulation plate in question has edges that bound the underside, the one or more strips or layer of moisture-transporting material extends into at least one edge, preferably into each edge. Preferably, the one or more strips or layer extends along the entire circumference of the underside. In one embodiment, the one or more strips or the layer of moisture-transporting material extend beyond the peripheral edge of the insulating plate and thus extends into and possibly over the joint between adjacent insulating plates, whereby the process of detection can be started as early as possible, by conducting moisture to the moisture contact points or electrodes. In the case of strips, the moisture can be guided along the path of the relevant strip.
    In a simple embodiment, the moisture-transporting material forms a layer fixed on the underside of the relevant insulation plate, which preferably covers at least substantially the entire surface of the insulation plate.
    A glass fiber fleece may be suitable as a moisture-transporting material.
    In one embodiment, the transmitter unit is provided with a transmitter for transmitting said signals and with a power supply, such as a power source, such as a battery, such as a lithium-thionyl chloride battery, therefor. External power wires to a remote power source are absent, so no mistakes can be made when laying power wires on the roof.
    In one embodiment, the transmitter can be activated by the power supply upon contact of the transmitter unit with water. In another embodiment, the transmitter can be activated by an internal software program in the sensor. This minimizes the load on the power supply when transmit power is not required, so that long-term operation can be guaranteed.
    The transmitter unit may in this case comprise a switch which becomes active upon contact with water for functionally connecting the transmitter to the power supply, as is known per se from US patent 4,598.27. The active switch can be activated, for example, when a certain resistance value falls below the electrodes. Alternatively, the power supply itself can be a power source activated upon contact with water, see also the aforementioned US patent 4,598,273.
    The transmitter can be adapted to send a signal at fixed times, so that it can be noted that the transmitter units are (can) still be active, for example 1 x per day. The moisture signal will be sent at any time and can therefore be distinguished from it.
    It is also possible to have a measurement of the voltage across the electrodes carried out in the transmitter unit with the electrodes at fixed times, for example twice a day, and to have the transmitter send the data of those measurements to a data processing unit elsewhere. Values may be stored therein indicative of a normal state, possibly with storage for forming a threshold value. There may be a moisture problem when receiving and processing measurements with values that deviate from the stored values. The measurements can be carried out, for example, as a resistance measurement (height of voltage) (see DE patent application 36 36 074) or as a capacitive measurement.
    When laying the insulation plates, it is possible to record the ID data of the transmitter units and make a map based on this, so that an ID signal from a transmitter can be linked to the location. Alternatively, the transmitter unit may be provided with a receiver for cooperation with a positioning system, such as GPS, and be arranged for the transmitter to send a location signal on the basis thereof.
    In a compact and easy-to-handle embodiment of the transmitter unit, it is incorporated in a body that surrounds the transmitter and the power supply. The moisture contact points or electrodes may be located on the outside thereof. In the case of the aforementioned switch, the body may have a bottom side with a water access to the switch. The body can be hollow, like a housing, possibly after the components have been placed therein, filled with a plastic. The body can also be made by molding a plastic molding composition around arranged components.
    For promoting the attachment of the transmitter unit in the insulating plate, the body may have a circumferential wall or circumferential surface with anchor means, for example teeth (for example circumferential short teeth, circumferential teeth) a protruding edge in the form of a helix (screw thread) then a series of protruding edges in the form of circles), for fixing the body in an insulation plate, so that failures can be prevented. The aforementioned screw thread makes it possible to insert the body into an insulation plate by means of a scrubbing movement if the body has a circular cross-section.
    Placing the transmitter unit in the insulation plate is facilitated if the body is at least in an upper part (the part that extends furthest into the insulation plate) tapering to a point, whether or not rounded, in particular conical. The apex of the tapered tip preferably forms an acute angle. The point shape promotes insertion. The conical shape can have one or more flat side surfaces or be curved all around, in particular have a circular base.
    A tapered upper part has the further advantage that damage to the housing and the transmitter is prevented by fastening means, such as roof parkers, or a drill for making a plug hole in the load-bearing roof construction from above, the head of the housing tools will slide down the point at a strike. Such fixing means can be placed for fixing insulating plates and possibly also roof covering on the underlying bearing roof construction.
    The body can have said tapered shape over the entire height, such as a conical shape. The body may alternatively have a multi-directional view, for example with the above-mentioned tapered upper part on a lower part that is shaped differently, for example cylindrical. The lower portion may have a circumference that is equal to that of the largest circumference of the upper portion. The lower part can also protrude therefrom.
    On the underside, the body may be provided with protrusions formed thereon, in particular diametrically opposite each other, which can accommodate ends of the electrodes and, in the case of the aforementioned threaded body, may form a handle which can be inserted manually into the make it easier to screw in the insulation board.
    Depending on the material of the insulation plate, the body can be pressed or rotated therein or a recess can be made in the material in which the body can be received.
    In one embodiment, at least some of the transmitter units are arranged in recesses made on the underside of an insulating plate, spaced from the peripheral edge thereof. The transmitter units can (also then) be pre-mounted in the insulation plates and are then placed at the same time as the installation of the insulation plates.
    Alternatively, at least some of the transmitter units can be arranged at the junction of two insulation plates. The transmitter units can then be pressed against the vertical peripheral edge of an already placed insulation plate, whereafter the following insulation plate can be pressed against that already laid insulation plate. The housing of the transmitter unit can then find its place in the material of the insulating plates while depressing the insulating material, such as EPS.
    The insulation plate may have maintained its integrity above the transmitter unit, may be uninterrupted. The transmitter units may be invisible in the roof from above.
    Leakage water that reaches the vapor barrier via the joints between the insulation boards can be noticed at an early stage by a nearby transmitter unit, installed in one of the joint-forming insulation boards, or in another nearby insulation board.
    From a further aspect the invention provides an insulating plate of thermally insulating material, with an upper side and a lower side, wherein at least one transmitter unit is arranged in the underside of the insulation plate, which transmitter unit is operatively connected to a moisture sensor which is provided with co-operating with each other moisture contact points or electrodes on the underside of the insulation plate, the transmitter unit being adapted to send a signal indicative of the presence of moisture / water, in particular for contact of the moisture contact points or electrodes with water and preferably a signal that is indicative for the location of the transmitter unit. Further embodiments of an insulation plate with transmitter unit and moisture contact points or electrodes according to the invention have been discussed above.
    To facilitate placement, the insulating plate according to the invention can be provided on the upper side remote from the transmitter unit with an indicator for the presence of the transmitter unit in the plate. This indicator can also be placed to indicate the location of the transmitter unit in the plate.
    From a further aspect the invention provides a roof leakage system of a roof according to the invention and a processing unit with a receiver for location signals (ID and / or location signals) sent by the transmitter units and / or signals indicative of the presence of moisture, and a display device, such as a display, flashing light, audio signal. The processing unit is preferably adapted to have the display device indicate the location of a transmitter unit if it has sent a signal indicative of the presence of (too much) moisture. As indicated, the transmitter unit may be adapted to only transmit a signal indicative of the presence of moisture when a threshold value is exceeded, or may be adapted to transmit such signals at regular times regardless of whether a threshold value has been exceeded. In the latter case, it will be established in the processing unit whether the signal gives a measured value that deviates from a predetermined threshold value in the sense that it indicates a leak problem. The processing unit and display unit, such as display, may be located at the same location, for example, included in one device, or be remote from one another, if use is made of the Internet, for example a cloud service.
    If the system further comprises an alarm means for announcing that a transmitter unit has sent a signal indicative of a moisture problem, the user may have been warned in time that there is a leak.
    The processing unit may comprise a memory for storing data concerning the location of the transmitter units.
    The invention is not only advantageous for use on buildings in use, but also on vacant buildings, where roof leaks or indications thereof are not noticed due to the absence of people. Considerable damage to roof constructions can be prevented with this.
    It is noted that where the sender (unit) is mentioned there may be a combined sender / receiver unit. This may also be the case where the recipient is mentioned.
    US patent 5,818,340 discloses a detection system for roof leakage, in which moisture sensors are placed spread over the roof, each comprising a (passive) resonance circuit with an induction coil and a capacitor, water-absorbing material being arranged between the electrodes of the capacitor. A pulse is transmitted at regular intervals from a strong central pulse transmitter. This will cause the resonance circuits to resonate at their resonance frequency. This frequency is influenced by moisture. With a central receiver at the pulse transmitter it can be noted that a resonant circuit has a different frequency. The location of the relevant moisture sensor is then searched with the aid of a gate dipper, which is moved over the roof surface by a workman.
    DE patent application 36 36 074 describes a wireless operating moisture detection system with transmitters and moisture sensors which are housed in housings protruding above the insulating layer, wherein two electrodes extend close to a vapor-barrier layer. A high measuring resistance is placed between both measuring contacts, and both measuring contacts are connected to a measuring and transmitting device. The measured values are continuously sent by the transmitter to a central station, in which the measured values of the transmitters belonging to the system are continuously compared with pre-set measured values that are lower than the resistance of the measuring resistor.
    The aspects and measures described in this description and claims of the application and / or shown in the drawings of this application can, where possible, also be applied separately from each other. These individual aspects can be the subject of split-off patent applications that are aimed at this. This applies in particular to the measures and aspects that are described per se in the subclaims.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The invention will be elucidated on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. Shown is:
    Figures 1A and 1B show a side view and an interior of a transmitter unit for use in the invention, respectively;
    Figure 1C shows an alternative embodiment of a transmitter unit according to the invention, in diagram;
    Figures 1D-G show some variants of body shapes for the transmitter unit;
    Figure 2A shows an oblique bottom view of a part of an insulation plate according to the invention;
    Figures 2B-E show some other possible embodiments for the underside of an insulation board according to the invention;
    Figure 3A shows a vertical section through an example of a roof leakage detection system according to the invention;
    Figure 3B is a schematic top view of a roof for the system of Figure 3A; and
    Figure 4 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of a roof leakage detection system according to the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figures 1A and 1B show a transmitter unit 1 with a conical body 2 with a circular cross-section, of a suitable hard plastic, for example a PP. Or a PA. The height can be 7 cm, the width 5 cm. The center line S of the conical housing 2 is indicated. On the circumferential wall the body 2 is provided with co-formed tooth-shaped circumferential ribs 4, which can form a series of circles or alternatively form a helix.
    The body 2 has a housing wall that surrounds an interior 5 in which a number of components of the transmitter unit 1 are attached, such as a power supply 7, which can generally be a voltage source or current source, in this example a battery 7 (e.g. a Lithium Thionyl Chloride battery, for example of the Tadiran brand), an RF transmitter / receiver 8 (for example communicating via the available ISM frequency bands), with antenna 9, a set of moisture contact points or electrodes 10a, 10b and a processor 16. The body 2 is after placement of the components filled with a casting compound.
    The thermal insulation plate 11 in Figure 2 is, for example, substantially a block-shaped body 12 of EPS. The lower side 12b is above for illustration to show conical recesses 13, which recesses 13 can be congruent on the housing 2, without ribs 4. On the opposite side, upper side 12a, at the height of the recesses 13 are indicators, markings, 14 applied. At the construction site, transmitter units 1 can be pressed into the recesses 13, whereby they are secured against falling out by gripping the ribs 4. Preferably, the transmitter units 1 are already mounted elsewhere in the insulation plates, in particular in the factory. . It may also be possible that the transmitter units are pressed or rotated / screwed into the material of the insulating plate until they have come to lie with their base surfaces in the plane of the underside 12b. The material of the insulation board can be displaced to the side. The aforementioned tooth-shaped ribs or helix form an anchor for the cone in the insulating material.
    The cone can have side surfaces or have a curved circumferential surface. The housing 2 can also be of stepped design, with a conical top portion and a differently shaped bottom portion, such as in the form of a cylinder. Figures 1D-G show a number of other possible forms of the body as an example, in figure 1D a tapered upper part 1a with a circular cross-section and a circular cylindrical lower part 1b, with a circumference equal to the largest circumference of the upper part, in figure 1E a similar design, but with a circular cylindrical lower part 1b with a larger circumference, in figure 1F a whole-tapered body with a circular cross-section and an external screw thread and in figure 1G a tapered body with for instance three or four side faces.
    As shown in Fig. 2A, a layer 15 of fleece-like material is provided on the underside 12b, which layer is water-absorbing and water-transporting, for example consisting essentially of a non-woven fiberglass web. The moisture contact points 10a, b extend into the non-woven layer 15. The non-woven layer 15 can protrude from the peripheral edge of the insulating plate 11 in an embodiment with strip strips 15a, b shown as a stripe.
    When installing a warm flat roof 20 surrounded by a roof edge 41 on a building 40 (Figure 3B), a roofer first places a vapor barrier or sealing layer 23 (Figure 3A) on the substructure 24 (here concrete). He then lays the insulation layer 22 by placing insulation plates 11 (with transmitter units 1) and 11 '(normal insulation plates, so without transmitter units 1 and without fleece layer 15) on the closing layer 23, using a plan of the roof on which it is indicated where the plates 11 must come. He thereby ensures that the indicators 14 are at the top and in the right place, see for example figure 3B. After the insulation layer 22 has been laid, the actual roof covering 21 can be laid, for example a bitumen layer, and a ballast in the form of gravel, tiles or a green roof provision such as a sedum layer. These are not shown. In this example, insulation boards 11 are used with protruding edge strips 15a, b.
    The system is supplemented by a remote central processing unit 30, for example in the form of a smart phone or mobile, with receiver 31 and display 32.
    If a continuous damage occurs in the roof 20, in the roof covering 21, leak L, water can end up on top 12a of plate 11, and move over it in direction A, to then sink in direction B in the joint between plates 11 and 11 '. The water then lands on closing layer 23, comes into contact with the membrane layer 15 and is thereby transported to C, and ends up below the transmitter unit 1. Through the water, in the membrane, an electrical circuit / connection between moisture contact points 10a and 10b will come about or be influenced, and the transmitter 8 is energized by the battery 7. This can for instance be applied when the aforementioned moisture-activatable switch or when a certain resistance value falls below. The transmitter 8 then supplies an RF signal which contains information about the identity of the transmitter. The transmitted signal is received by receiver 31. In the remote processing unit 30, which is arranged to link that signal to a predefined relationship between the ID of the different transmitters and the location of the transmitter units, that signal is processed, inter alia resulting in an image on the display 32, accompanied by a vibration or sound to alert the wearer of the mobile. It is also possible to use a receiver that receives GPS signals and has a separate power supply. These signals are processed by processor 16 into a location data which is sent as a location signal by the transmitter 8. The transmitted signal is then again received by receiver 31. In the processing unit 30, that signal is processed into an image on the display 32.
    In the set-up of Fig. 1C, measurement data about the resistance between the electrodes are sent at regular intervals to a remote processing unit. In that case, therefore, a moisture signal is not sent only at the (presumed) occurrence of a moisture problem, so in a form of selection at the gate, but the selection takes place remotely on the basis of analysis of the measurement signals.
    For this purpose, in the example of Fig. 1C (the body is not shown), the transmitter unit is provided with a measuring / transmitting part 60, in which a microprocessor 26, a timer or clock 45, a memory 44 (in which a (unique) ID is included) is stored) a transmitter 28 and an A / D converter 43. An antenna 29 is connected to the transmitter 28. Furthermore, a battery 27, (for example a Lithium Thionyl Chloride battery) with a long service life (> 20 years) for the power supply is indicated. of the components on the measuring / transmitting part 60. Two electrodes 40a, 40b are connected to the battery 27. In the connection between electrode 40b and the plus pole of the battery 27, a resistor 41 is included and a switch 42. The switch 42 is operable by the processor 26, at specific time intervals, in this example of 12 hours each.
    When the switch 42 is closed, the voltage across the two electrodes 40a, b is measured, the height of which is a measure of the resistance between the two electrodes and thus of the amount of moisture between the electrodes. With the transmitter 28 the measurement data with ID is sent to the remote central data processing unit, where the measured resistance value is compared with a pre-entered threshold value. If the threshold value falls below a signal is then issued that a possible moisture problem indicating leakage has been detected at the relevant transmitter unit.
    For the supply of the transmitter 28, use can be made of a capacitor to be charged by the battery 27 in the intervening periods, not shown here. The battery 27 then does not have to supply a large capacity for a short time, so that the desired long service life is not appreciably limited.
    It is also possible to place the transmitter units according to the invention between the transitions between insulation plates, see figure 4. There, the transmitter unit T is located between two insulation plates 11 ', wherein the transmitter unit T has its own receiving spaces 13a and 13b by being pressed into the EPS material. has been able to make. The moisture contact points are now rotated through 90 degrees, so that they both lie under the plate transition. Moisture that seeps downwards in direction B reaches the fleece layer 15 and reaches the moisture contact points 10a, 10b. Figure 3B shows some of the transmitter units T placed in this way as an illustration.
    In one embodiment, the transmitter unit can be arranged for regularly sending, for example 1 x per day, a signal indicative of the readiness of the transmitter unit, possibly with information about the condition of the battery. The processor is provided with a clock for this purpose.
    Figures 2B-D show some alternative ways of implementing the fleece on the underside 12b of the insulation plate 11, in Figure 2B in a grid pattern of strips 15a, 15b, with the transmitter unit 1 at an angle, in Figure 2C with strips 15 only along the edge, around, with transmitter unit 1 at an angle, in Figure 2D a combination of Figures 2B and 2C, and in Figure 2E in a star-shaped arrangement of strips 15a, 15b, 15c, with the transmitter unit 1 in the center, combined with a strip 15 extending around the peripheral edge.
    The inventions are in no way limited to the embodiments shown and described in the drawings and description. The above description is included to illustrate the operation of preferred embodiments of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention. Starting from the above explanation, many variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations are possible of the parts shown in the drawings and described in the description. They can be used separately in other embodiments of the invention (s). Parts of different examples can be combined with each other.
    权利要求:
    Claims (36)
    [1]
    A roof with a supporting structure, a vapor barrier or closing layer located above the supporting structure, a thermally insulating layer built up of horizontally adjoining insulating plates and a layer of watertight roofing covering above the insulating layer, wherein in the thermal insulating layer at least one transmitter unit is arranged, preferably in the underside of the thermally insulating layer, which transmitter unit is operatively connected to a moisture sensor provided with mutually cooperating moisture contact points or electrodes on the underside of the thermally insulating layer, the transmitter unit being arranged is for transmitting a signal indicative of the presence of water / moisture at the electrodes, in particular for contact of the moisture contact points or electrodes with water, and preferably a signal indicative of the location of the transmitter unit.
    [2]
    Roof according to claim 1, wherein the moisture contact points or electrodes are operatively connected to one or more strips or layer of moisture-transporting or moisture-absorbing material arranged on the underside of the insulation boards.
    [3]
    3. Roof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the insulation plate in question has edges bounding the underside, wherein the one or more strips or layer extend into at least one of the edges, preferably into each edge.
    [4]
    4. Roof as claimed in claim 3, wherein the one or more strips or layer extend along the entire circumference of the bottom side.
    [5]
    5. Roof as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the one or more strips or layer of moisture-transporting material extend beyond the peripheral edge of the insulation board in question.
    [6]
    6. Roof according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein the moisture-transporting material forms a layer fixed on the underside of the relevant insulation plate, which preferably covers at least substantially the entire surface of the insulation plate.
    [7]
    7. Roof as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the transmitter unit is provided with a transmitter for transmitting said signal and with a power supply therefor
    [8]
    Roof according to claim 7, wherein the transmitter unit is adapted to cause the transmitter to be activated by the power supply upon contact of the moisture contact points or electrodes with water.
    [9]
    9. Roof as claimed in claim 7, wherein the transmitter unit is adapted to measure intermittently a value indicative of the presence or absence of water / moisture between the electrodes, such as a resistance value, wherein the transmitter is activated by the power supply at fixed times in time for transmitting the measurement data, for processing in a remote processing unit, in particular for comparison with a threshold value entered in advance for the measured value.
    [10]
    10. Roof as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the transmitter unit is provided with a receiver for cooperation with a positioning system, such as GPS.
    [11]
    11. Roof as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the transmitter unit is accommodated in a body which surrounds the transmitter and the power supply and carries the moisture contact points, wherein, preferably, the body has an upper end which is at a distance below the upper surface of the insulating plate.
    [12]
    12. Roof as claimed in claim 11, wherein the body has a housing wall with an initial cavity for the transmitter unit with feed, which is filled with a filler, in particular a casting mass.
    [13]
    The roof of claim 11, wherein the body is made by casting a molding composition around the components of the transmitter unit with feed.
    [14]
    14. Roof as claimed in any of the claims 11-13, wherein the body has a circumferential wall with anchor means for fixing the housing in an insulation plate, in particular one or more protruding edges, in particular in the form of circular edges or in the form of a thread.
    [15]
    15. Roof as claimed in any of the claims 11-14, wherein the body is tapering at least in an upper part (the part that extends furthest into the insulating plate) to a point that may or may not be rounded, in particular with an acute angle apex . particularly conical.
    [16]
    16. Roof as claimed in claim 15, wherein the body has said tapered shape over the entire height, such as a conical shape.
    [17]
    17. Roof as claimed in claim 15, wherein, viewed in height, the body has a multiple shape, in particular with the above-mentioned tapered upper part on a lower part that is shaped differently, for example cylindrical.
    [18]
    18. Roof as claimed in any of the claims 11-17, wherein the body has a circular cross section over substantially the entire height.
    [19]
    19. Roof as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein at least some of the transmitter units are arranged in recesses on the underside of an insulation plate, at a distance from the peripheral edge thereof.
    [20]
    20. Roof as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein at least some of the transmitter units are arranged at the transition of two insulation plates.
    [21]
    21. Insulating plate of thermally insulating material, with an upper side and a lower side, wherein at least one transmitter unit is arranged in the underside of the insulation plate, which transmitter unit is operatively connected to a moisture sensor provided with mutually cooperating moisture contact points or electrodes on the underside of the insulation plate, wherein the transmitter unit is adapted to send a signal indicative of the presence of moisture / water, in particular for contact of the moisture contact points or electrodes with moisture / water and preferably a signal indicative of the location of the transmitter unit.
    [22]
    Insulation plate according to claim 21, wherein the moisture contact points or electrodes are operatively connected to one or more strips or layer of moisture-transporting or moisture-absorbing material arranged on the underside of the insulation plate.
    [23]
    Insulation plate according to claim 22, wherein the insulation plate has edges that border the underside, wherein the one or more strips or layer extend into at least one of the edges, preferably into each edge.
    [24]
    Insulation plate according to claim 23, wherein the one or more strips or layer extend along the entire circumference of the bottom side.
    [25]
    The insulating plate according to claim 22, 23 or 24, wherein the one or more strips or layer of moisture-transporting material extends beyond the peripheral edge of the insulating plate.
    [26]
    An insulation plate according to any one of claims 22-25, wherein the moisture-transporting material forms a layer attached to the underside of the insulation plate, which preferably covers at least substantially the entire surface of the insulation plate.
    [27]
    27. An insulating plate according to any one of claims 21-26, wherein the transmitter unit is provided with a transmitter for transmitting said signal and with a supply for the transmitter.
    [28]
    An insulating plate according to any of claims 21-27, wherein the transmitter unit is provided with a receiver for cooperation with a positioning system, such as GPS.
    [29]
    29. An insulating plate according to any one of claims 21-28, wherein the transmitter unit is incorporated in a body and surrounds the transmitter.
    [30]
    An insulating plate according to claim 29, wherein the body is designed in accordance with the characterizing part of one or more of claims 12-18
    [31]
    An insulating plate according to any one of claims 21-30, wherein the insulating plate is provided on the upper side remote from the transmitter unit with an indicator for the presence of the transmitter unit in the plate.
    [32]
    An insulating plate according to any one of claims 21 to 31, wherein the insulating plate is provided on the upper side remote from the transmitter unit with an indicator for the location of the transmitter unit in the plate.
    [33]
    33. Transmitter unit with power supply, apparently suitable and intended for a roof according to one of claims 1-20, and as defined in one of claims 12-18.
    [34]
    A roof leakage detection system according to any one of claims 1-20 and a processing unit with a receiver for location signals (ID and / or location signals) sent by the transmitter units and / or signals indicative of the presence of moisture / water, and a display device, such as a display, wherein the processing unit is preferably adapted to have the display device indicate the location of a transmitter unit when it has sent the moisture signal.
    [35]
    The system of claim 34, further comprising an alarm means for announcing that a transmitter unit has sent the ID and / or location signal and / or moisture signal.
    [36]
    A system according to claim 34 or 35, wherein the processing unit comprises a memory for storing data concerning the location of the transmitter units.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL1041853B1|2016-10-18|
    EP3274518B1|2019-07-24|
    EP3274518A1|2018-01-31|
    PL3274518T3|2020-03-31|
    PT3274518T|2019-10-29|
    DK3274518T3|2019-10-21|
    WO2016153337A1|2016-09-29|
    ES2750808T3|2020-03-27|
    HUE046706T2|2020-03-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4598273A|1984-08-16|1986-07-01|Bryan Jr Bynum O|Leak detection system for roofs|
    DE3636074A1|1986-10-23|1988-04-28|Klaus Dreizler|Control and signalling system for detecting water penetrating into buildings|
    DE4024049A1|1990-07-28|1992-02-06|Hermann Nagel|Monitoring sealing of water barriers in building structure - using electrical sensors between inner structure and roof covering connected to evaluation unit|
    US6040775A|1998-05-19|2000-03-21|Nill, Jr.; Andrew J.|Roof vents with moisture detectors and roof systems incorporating same|
    DE202010018087U1|2009-03-12|2013-12-19|Fleischmann & Petschnig Dachdeckungs-Gesellschaft m.b.H.|Arrangement for testing roofs|WO2019244164A1|2018-06-22|2019-12-26|Shah Shrikant|Waterproofing membrane with leak detection system and method thereof|
    GB2580452B|2018-12-27|2021-06-09|Humigal Ltd|Membrane assemblies with sealing fault detection and location, and related methods|
    GB2588118B|2019-10-07|2021-12-01|Humigal Ltd|Membrane assemblies for sealing fault detection and location, and related methods|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL1041237|2015-03-23|
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