Wireless telecommunications system using CDMA radio frequency signal modulation in conjunction with

专利摘要:
A method and apparatus are described for operating a wireless telecommunications system using code division multiple access (CDMA) OTA with a global seat system (GSM) A-interface based network for mobile communications. The CDMA radio frequency (RF) signal interface provides a bidirectional interface to the subscriber device 50, and the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) A-Interface SS7 transmission provides a bidirectional interface with the GSM Mobile Service Switching Center (MSC) 52. do. In addition, a transparent transmission 44 is provided in which signaling messages defined within the GSM A-interface protocol are exchanged between the GSM MSC 52 and the subscriber device 50.
公开号:KR20000064508A
申请号:KR1019980704762
申请日:1996-12-18
公开日:2000-11-06
发明作者:마이클 케이 스파쯔；다니엘 에이치 애그르；배리 알 로빈스
申请人:밀러 럿셀 비；퀄컴 인코포레이티드；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Wireless telecommunication system using CDM radio frequency signal modulation in conjunction with the EMS A-interface telecommunications network protocol
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) The wireless telecommunications standard is a general-purpose digital telecommunications protocol used within digital wireless telephone systems. The GSM specification was developed by international efforts and put into practice by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI, 06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France). 1 shows a wireless telephone system constructed in a manner consistent with the use of the GSM standard. The GSM Mobile Service Switching Center (MSC) 16 is a wireless system access network, i. E. A base station system (BSS) 15, and a wireless based public switched telephone network, which may be a public land mobile network (PLMN). (PSTN) The telephone call between 18 is exchanged or connected. GSM-MSC 16 provides telephone exchange, advertisement, subscriber terminal tracking, subscriber terminal identification, and some handoff control functions. The BSS 15 consists of a base station controller (BSC) 14 and any base transceiver station (BTS) 12 coupled thereto. As defined in the GSM specification, the interface between the GSM-MSC 16 and the BSS 15 is referred to as GSM as an "A-Interface", and the A-Interface is a GSM network from a time division multiple access (TDMA) based radio device. Identify the exchange device. The BSC 14 includes handoff processing and signal processing resource allocation into the BTS 12 so that the multiple subscriber stations 10 can make telephone calls simultaneously. The BTS 12 interfaces the subscriber station 10 to the GSM wireless network via radio frequency (RF) and appropriately defined " OTA " protocols. The BTS 12 includes a radio transmitting device and a radio receiving device, and may include an antenna device and have all signal processing characteristics for a radio interface. BTS can be considered as a complex radio modem. Subscriber terminal 10 is either a user of subscriber terminal 10 or a user of some other terminal device, such as a facsimile machine or a personal computer, providing general radio functions and processing functions for accessing a GSM network via a radio interface. The particular subscriber station 10 is interfaced as the terminal's location changes, but can only communicate with one BTS at the given moment. In this application, the ability to exchange one BTS 10 with another BTS 10 where only one radio interface is present at any moment is called a subscriber unit hard handoff 10. .
In order to call a radiotelephone, a network connection must be established between the subscriber station 10 and the PSTN 18, referred to as the " mobile terminal. &Quot; The PSTN 18 is part of a network connection formed through the exchange of radio frequency (RF) signals of the subscriber station 10 and the BTS 12 in order to make a telephone call in mobile form. Typically, the remainder of the network connection is formed through the wiring board connection passing through the BSS 15 and through the GSM-MSC 16. According to the GSM " OTA " protocol, one of the protocols consisting of GSM wireless telecommunications, TDMA technology establishes one set of channels in the identified RF signal used to interface subscriber station 10 and BTS 12. Is used. These channels are used to separate and distinguish various sets of data associated with various telephone calls made at any given time. The various sets of data typically include signal data consisting of user data taking the form of digitized voice information and signal messages used to aggregate the processing of telephone calls.
In the early days of the GSM standard, the use of TDMA within the GSM OTA protocol enhanced the effect that a given radio frequency bandwidth could be used to make wireless telephone calls. Increasing the effect of using a variable radio frequency bandwidth is desirable because there is a limitation of the size of the RF bandwidth, and the size of the bandwidth is typically a limiting factor with respect to the call number that can be performed by a particular wireless cellular system. to be. However, since the early days of the GSM wireless telecommunications protocol, other wireless technologies have allowed larger telephone numbers to make calls in the given RF band. Since efficient use of radio frequency bandwidth is greatly desired, it is desirable to use more efficient technology than these in recent years.
One notable and widely accepted example of more efficient wireless telecom technology is the combined use of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal processing and telecommunications (US, Washington, DC, 20006 and W. 2001 Pennsylvania Avenue TIA). OTA IS-95 protocol. According to the CDMA modulation technique, each user traffic channel consists of a carrier modulated by a separate fast binary sequence, thereby separating the spectrum of the waveform. The set of user traffic channels distribute the same wideband frequency spectrum allocation, and both user data and signaling messages are sent on the user traffic channel. In addition, each CDMA-based BTS carries an overhead control signal channel that carries information that enables the subscriber terminal to request and access the system. In addition, these overhead control channels are modulated with a fast binary sequence and combined with the user traffic channel to form one wideband RF signal. Each CDMA-based BTS transmits a combined RF signal that is a forward CDMA channel and receives the combined RF outputs of one set of CDMA-based subscriber stations located within the associated service area, and the output of these combined sets is a reverse CDMA channel. This is called. The forward CDMA channel is the sum of a forward pilot channel, a forward synchronization channel, one or more forward paging channels, and a plurality of forward user traffic channels, each modulated with a discrete channel code and combined with a PN spreading sequence. The reverse CDMA channel is the sum of a number of reverse user traffic channels and one or more reverse access channels, each modulated with a unique channel code and transmitted with a particular PN spreading sequence.
In addition, CDMA-based wireless communication systems provide an improved method of handoff for subscriber terminal movement. Handoff processing, known as "soft handoff", is made possible by the ability to use the subscriber station's RF signal with one or more CDMA based BTSs. This " soft handoff " capability of the subscriber device 10 that multiple RF interfaces simultaneously with multiple CDMA based BTSs 12 provides transmission path redundancy as the subscriber device 10 moves from one location to another. Thereby reducing the likelihood of a call dropping and a lost voice sample. In addition, the IS-95 protocol provides higher quality telecommunications services than GSM because CDMA signals are less affected by fading and noise interference. Subscriber devices communicating according to the IS-95 protocol also consume less power than subscriber devices communicating according to the GSM OTA protocol because the normal operation of the CDMA system involves the use of a wide range of power control algorithms. This reduced power consumption allows the life of batteries used in IS-95 compliant subscriber devices to be longer than GSM compliant subscriber devices.
However, many areas with existing GSM cellular telephone systems inevitably provide CDMA cellular telephone services despite many advantages. This is not enough to justify the cost of providing an entirely new CDMA cellular telephone system when the system where there is already an increasing performance improvement provided by the CDMA system is available. This situation, in contrast to the area in which a completely new cellular telephone system will be formed, is cheaper for CDMA cellular telephone systems to implement and provides higher quality services than GSM cellular telephone systems. However, if a system and method for implementing a CDMA cellular telephone system using some of the existing GSM cellular telephone system infrastructure is invented, then the cost of providing CDMA cellular telephone service in the area having a working GSM cellular telephone system will be reduced. will be. If this reduction is sufficient, the increasing performance benefit provided by the CDMA cellular telephone system can be justified in more places. This allows subscribers of cellular telephone services located in such areas to share the benefits of CDMA cellular telephone services, and thus such systems and methods for implementing cellular telephone systems may be highly desirable.
Summary of the Invention
A method and apparatus for operating a wireless telecommunication system using CDMA OTA with a GSM A-interface based network is described. By using the GSM A-Interface standard defined in the GSM specification as an interface between the GSM-MSC and the BSS, a CDMA wireless communication system can be implemented using the GSM-MSC following the GSM specification. This allows CDMA wireless cellular telephone service to be provided using some of the operating GSM network infrastructures present. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CDMA based BSC communicates to the GSM-MSC via the A-interface as detailed in the existing GSM standard. However, other embodiments of the present invention may utilize modifications to defined GSM A-interfaces to improve system operation and functionality. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the BSS and subscriber device interface through the use of an RF signal that is actually modulated according to CDMA technology. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CDMA modulation technique is substantially similar to that embedded in the already referenced IS-95 wireless telecommunication protocol.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a diagram of the functional components used to interface the subscriber device and the GSM-MSC is shown in FIG. During operation of the system, the CDMA RF interface 40 provides a bidirectional interface to the subscriber device 50, and the GSM A-interface SS7 transmission 42 provides a GSM-MSC 52 on the bidirectional interface. By setting up the CDMA OTA interface and using transparent signaling transmission 44, signaling messages defined in the GSM A-Interface protocol are exchanged between the GSM-MSC 52 and the subscriber device 50. Processing and service conversion 46 receives and examines some signaling messages from CDMA RF interface 40 and GSM A-interface SS7 transmission 42 and performs various operations in response including configuration and control of signal processing resources 48. Take Such configuration and control includes the distribution of vocoding and devocoding according to the required type of service and the implementation of CDMA based encryption capabilities. Another operation involves the allocation of CDMA traffic channel processing resources and selection resources at the start of a signaling exchange between the subscriber device and the BSS or MSC. These resources are allocated for signaling exchanges such as processing voice and data calls and positioning between subscriber device 50 and the system. CDMA traffic channel resources are used to perform IS-95 style CDMA modulation and demodulation functions.
A set of call processing procedures are provided to perform various tasks associated with the proper handling of radiotelephone calls or communications. These procedures include call initiation, call release, subscriber device positioning, OTA signal encryption, subscriber device acknowledgment, and signaling sequences, and the processing steps associated with such procedures are described in the detailed description of the present invention. According to one of the described embodiments of the present invention, call initiation and subscriber device positioning first establish a CDMA OTA interface between a subscriber device and a CDMA-based BSS and then establish a telecommunication network connection between the subscriber device and the GSM-MSC. By setting. The present invention also uses CDMA encryption technology. The CDMA encryption technique used to provide subscriber information and location secret starts and ends via a GSM encryption procedure controlled by the GSM-MSC 52.
In one embodiment of the invention, the transparent signaling transmission 44 transparently passes signaling information between the GSM-MSC 52 and the subscriber device 50. Transparent transmission is defined as the exchange of signaling information between the GSM-MSC 52 and the subscriber device 50 such that no intermediate component inspects, modifies, or uses the information transmitted transparently. The use of this transparent transmission mechanism makes the important part of the application layer information exchanged between the CDMA based BTS and the subscriber device the same as the information exchanged between the GSM TDMA based BTS and its associated GSM subscriber device. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transparent signaling transmission 44 passes the message defined in the Direct Transfer Application Part (DTAP) message between the GSM-MSC 52 and the subscriber device 50. The DTAP message allows GSM-MSC 52 and subscriber device 50 to exchange data needed to properly handle GSM based telephony calls. DTAP message classification includes call management and subscriber device mobility management. Transmitting call management and subscriber device mobility management messages transparently between the GSM-MSC and the subscriber device allows the present invention to take advantage of many existing GSM call setup procedures.
For this reason, the present invention can utilize the present GSM A-interface definition, and the wireless GSM communication using the CDMA OTA with the GSM A-interface based network in which the working GSM infrastructure in which the GSM wireless communication system operator is present. It can be reused to scope the system.
According to the present invention, the subscriber device obtains the recording system related information received from the BTS on the forward CDMA overhead channel, and then receives and processes the signaling message used to establish the bidirectional CDMA OTA interface and telecommunication network connection. Configured to transmit. The subscriber device receives and properly processes CDMA radio resources, GSM call management and GSM mobility management signaling messages. GSM call management and GSM mobility management have a DTAP portion of the GSM A-interface. CDMA radio resources include, but are not limited to, performing operations such as handoffs, system access attempts, and bidirectional RF signal traffic channel establishment. GSM call management procedures include, but are not limited to, performing actions such as call setup, complementary service enforcement, and subscriber device alerts. GSM mobility management procedures include, but are not limited to, performing operations such as subscriber device identification, location update, and international mobile station matching and disconnection procedures.
The present invention relates to a wireless telecommunication system. In particular, the present invention provides a novel and improved method for providing wireless telecommunication services using code division multiple access (CDMA) " over-the-air " interfaces in conjunction with Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) A-interface protocol interfaces. A method and apparatus are disclosed.
The features, objects, and effects of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals are accorded the same throughout.
1 is a block diagram of a cellular telephone system constructed in accordance with the GSM standard.
2 is a functional block diagram of a service conversion structure and message processing used to interface a subscriber device and a GSM-MSC in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram of a cellular telephone system constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating various GSM A-Interface message formats transmitted using signaling system number 7 interface.
5 is a block diagram of a base station subsystem configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a message sequence diagram illustrating a signaling message delivered during subscriber device end call initialization performed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a message sequence diagram illustrating signaling messages delivered during start-up origination of a subscriber device performed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a message sequence diagram illustrating signaling messages delivered during subscriber device origination release performed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a message sequence diagram illustrating signaling messages delivered during network origination release performed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
10A and 10B are message sequence diagrams illustrating signaling messages delivered during startup of a subscriber device performed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a block diagram of a BSC A-interface constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a block diagram of a subscriber device configured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A method and apparatus are described for providing a wireless telecommunication service using a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) based OTA interface with a Mobile Communications Global System (GSM) A-Interface Protocol network interface. In the following description, the invention is described in the context of a radiofrequency signal interface operating in accordance with the physical signal modulation techniques of the IS-95 CDMA OTA protocol. While the invention described above is particularly suitable for the use of such signal modulation techniques, the use of other CDMA wireless telecommunication protocols does not contradict the practice of the invention. In addition, while the preferred embodiment of the present invention incorporates the use of GSM A-interfaces, other A-interfaces may also be used where the use of a transparent transmission mechanism between the mobile switching center and the subscriber device is required. The invention may also be practiced in the context of satellite based telecommunication systems or point to point wireless telecommunication systems. In particular, it is useful in the context of satellite-based wireless telecommunication systems that incorporate the use of "bent pipe" transmission methods that must interface with telecommunications network gateways, since many gateways use the GSM A-interface protocol. It is also intended that the present invention be used for various forms of communication, including voice-based communication as well as communication while digital data representing information other than voice is being transmitted.
Through its application, the use and transmission of various forms of information are described, including messages, requests, orders, instructions, and instructions. It is to be understood that this information is constituted by the electronic representation of such messages, requests, orders, instructions and commands, and is generated using current, voltage, electromagnetic energy, or a combination thereof. In addition, the following description includes references to various systems for the manipulation and generation of such information. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such a system is implemented using digital and analog semiconductor integrated circuits coupled to each other via various conductive connections or electromagnetic signals or both. In other cases through its application, various known systems are described in block form. This is done to avoid unnecessarily fading the disclosure of the present invention.
For the purposes of the present invention, the GSM A-Interface definition includes control signaling and user data transmission between the GSM-MSC and an optionally connected BSC. Control signaling consists of the physical signaling transport layer and the telephony application information that is transmitted. In the GSM standard, the signaling transport layer of the A-interface is the signaling connection controller (SCCP) and message transmitter (SCP) of signaling system number 7 (SS7), as defined by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), which is well known in the art. MTP). Telephony application data is transferred between GSM-MSC and BSC in the data field of various SCCP messages.
3 is a block diagram of a wireless telephone system configured during normal operation in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Base station transceivers (BTS) 102 (A)-(C) are coupled to BSC 104 (A) and BTS 104 (B) are coupled to BSC 104 (B). The BSCs 104 (A) and (B) may be alternately coupled to a GSM-MSC 106 coupled to a public circuit switched telephone network (PSTN) 108 (also may be a PLMN). Subscriber device 100 (A) performs telephone calls or other communications through the use of radio frequency (RF) signals exchanged with BTS 102 (D). Subscriber device 100 (B) performs a telephone call or other communication through the use of RF signals exchanged with BTS 102 (B) and BTS 102 (C). When the RF signal interface with two or more BTSs 102 is combined, like subscriber device 100 (B), subscriber device 100 (B) is called a soft handoff. The RF signal transmitted to 100 is referred to as a forward link channel, and the RF signal transmitted from subscriber device 100 to BTS 102 is referred to as a reverse link channel BSS 105 One or more in combination with SMS BSC 104. It consists of a BTS 102 set.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the physical signal processing of the forward and reverse link channels is performed according to the COMA signal processing technique of the IS-95 protocol. This physical signal processing includes forward and reverse link spreading codes and channel codes during transmission and reception of forward and reverse link signals. Channel codes are used to form a set of channels through which various sets of data can be transmitted by direct sequence modulation. For the forward link, the channel code consists of a set of 64 orthogonal binary codes called Walsh codes, and for the reverse link, the channel code is a set of one set calculated for each subscriber device as a function of a single subscriber device identification code. It consists of binary long code. Spreading codes are used to diversify the frequency range in which data is transmitted to improve successful transmission. This diversification is called spreading and is also performed through direct sequence modulation of the data transmitted in the spreading code. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, channelization is performed via two-step shift key (BPSK) modulation and spreading is performed via four-step shift key modulation (QPSK) in a manner similar to IS-95 compliant systems. do.
According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the forward link channel comprises one or more pilot channels, synchronization channels, paging channels, and user traffic channels, each defined by a predetermined forward link channel. The reverse link channel includes one or more access channels and a plurality of user traffic channels, defined by the modulation of the unique reverse link long code. In order for transmission and reception of forward and reverse link signaling to be performed smoothly, spreading codes used to handle forward and reverse link signaling in reception and transmission should be synchronized. This synchronization occurs during call setup and is called signal acquisition and is well known in the art for processing for signal acquisition. The data being transmitted on the forward or reverse link is divided into frames that also contain error correction bits and frame header bits. The frame header bit indicates whether the data contained in the frame is data signaling, traffic data signaling, or a combination thereof. Traffic data is data transmitted by a user when a call is in progress, and is generally digitized into voice or audio information but may be in some form of user data. In order to transmit a complete signaling message, it is generally necessary to transmit multiple frames of signaling data assembled by the receiving system into a signaling message. As described above, signaling messages are used to exchange some information between the various systems required for the setup and processing of the telephone call shown in FIG. Each signaling message once assembled contains message header bits indicating the type of signaling message.
Referring also to FIG. 3, as described above, the GSM-MSC 106 provides telephone switching, billing, and subscriber device tracking and verification functions. GSM-MSC 106 and BSC 104 communicate according to the GSM A-Interface protocol, which is part of the GSM standard. In order to set up a telephone call connection using the GSM-MSC 106, a specific set of signaling messages must be generated in a particular order that accepts a particular set of information. That is, the BSC 104 must generate and send the appropriate signaling set to the GSM-MSC 106 in the proper order according to the required network connection and the signaling messages received from the GSM-MSC 106. The order, information, and format associated with this set of signaling messages are defined by the GSM A-Interface protocol. As can be expected, the order, information, and format are substantially different from any interface connected to the compared MSC operating within the CDMA cellular telephone system. In a similar manner, subscriber device 100 operating in accordance with an IS-95 or other CDMA-based protocol sends BTS 102 a predetermined set of messages in a predetermined order and in a predetermined format to properly set up and process telephone calls. Must be exchanged with As can also be expected, the CDMA OTA interface is substantially different from the OTA interface connected to the GSM wireless telecommunications system.
Signaling messages connected to the GSM A-Interface protocol are separated into two categories-Direct Transmission Application (DTAP) messages and BSS Management Application (BSSMAP) messages. Since the DTAP contains data related to the operation of the subscriber device 100 and the MSC 106, it does not directly affect the operation of the BSS 105. BSSMAP messages are generally associated with the operation of the BSS 105 and provide information necessary for the allocation of resources or proper operation of the BSS 105. The BSSMAP message may affect the overall operation of the BSS 105 or only the operation of a single telephone call. In addition, according to the GSM A-interface, signaling messages are transmitted via signaling system number 7 (SS7) signaling link, connected message transmitter (MTP), and signaling connection controller (SCCP). MTP uses three message formats to transmit binary data over a serial link. These three message formats are called a message signaling unit (MSU), a link state signaling unit (LSSU), and a fill-in signaling unit (FISU). In Fig. 4, the number of bits connected to each field is shown below, and the fields connected to each message format are shown. This message is separated using the flag byte (FL) embedded in the order of logic 0, 6 logic 1, and logic 0 (01111110). In a message defined by flag signaling, logic 0 is inserted at any position into five or more consecutive logics 1.
Each message format contains a reverse sequence number (BSN), a reverse indication bit (BIB), a forward sequence number (FSN), a forward indication bit (FIB), and a length indicator (LI) followed by two buffer bits. Header section. Each message module also contains a set of check bits (CK) inserted just before the end flag byte. FISU does not contain any data fields. The LSSU includes one or two bytes of status field (SF), indicating one of six different states indicating the arrangement status and out of service. The MSU includes a signaling byte service information octet (SIO) and two or more bytes of signaling information field (SIF). Since each message format accommodates a different amount of information, the type of message is determined by the length indicator field LI. The signaling message transmitted according to the GSM A-interface is transmitted through the MSU with data connected to the GSM A-interface signaling message located in the SIF. More specifically, the message sent according to the GSM A-interface is located in an SCCP message that includes a routing label (RL), an SCCP message type code, an SCCP header, and an SCCP data field, as shown. Typically, the SCCP message type code is considered a subfield of the SCCP header. This SCCP message ends with an optional variable flag (EOP). The BSSMAP message sent inside the SCCP message is in the form of a single telephone call, and the telephone call to which the message is connected is indicated in the Connection Indicator field in the SCCP header (not shown). The BSSMAP or STAP message is contained in an SCCP data variable having the message type indicated by the discriminant bit (DIS) located at the start of the SCCP data field. If a BSSMAP message is being sent, the length is indicated in the Length (LEN) field. Following the length, the BSSMAP message and the rest of the message are displayed. If a DTAP message is being sent, the length is displayed in the Length (LEN) field, and the subcategory of the DTAP message is displayed in the Protocol Determination field. In addition to the message type, additional data related to the particular DTAP message is located in the message data field.
5 is a block diagram of a BSS 105 configured to provide CDMA OTA telecommunications connected with a GSM A-Interface Protocol network interface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. BTS 102 is coupled to BSC 104 via a wired link that is a T1 or E1 connection in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but may be replaced with another connection, including the use of microwaves. Within the BSC 104, the CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 is coupled to the set of BTS 102 shown. In addition, the CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 is coupled to the call control processor 202, the selection subsystem 204, and the BSC A-interface 206. This CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 acts as a message and traffic router between the connected associations and, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, consists of an asynchronous fixed length packet transmission system. The data processing and service option system 210 is coupled to the selection subsystem 204 and exchanges traffic data with the switch 212. The switch 212 provides an interface of the GSM-MSC 106 of FIG. 2, which consists of traffic data and signaling, and also exchanges control data using the call control processor 202. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this signaling data is transmitted using the ITU signaling system number 7 (SS7) protocol specified in the GSM A-Interface protocol, which is well known in the art. Each connection shown in the BSC 104 is a high speed digital connection, such as Fast Ethernet, which is also known in the art. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the switch 212 may be replaced with a simpler cross connection device, such that the BSC A-interface 206 is directly coupled to the GSM-MSC 106. However, the use of the switch is desirable because the use of the switch 212 can be coupled to multiple MSC systems to provide different types of network services, including IS-41 services, each of which is known in the art. . If the BSC 104 is coupled to multiple MSC systems, additional BSC interface systems similar to the BSC A-interface 206 are used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not all of them must use the GSM A-interface protocol.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system constituting the BSS 105 is such that fixed length packets are exchanged among several other systems, via direct routing between the CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 or the two corresponding systems. Internal BSS protocols are used to communicate and exchange traffic and signaling data. CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 performs this routing using the address contained in each fixed length data packet. In general, a first system that sends a data packet to a second system locates the address of the second system in the data packet and then provides the data packet to the CDMA interconnect subsystem 200. For some adjacent systems, such as selection subsystem 204, data processing, and service option system 210, the data packet passes directly. Whether a particular fixed length packet contains traffic data or signaling data is indicated by the packet header bits contained in each packet. A data packet containing the traffic data is called a traffic packet, and a data packet containing the signaling data is called a signaling packet. In addition, control information is exchanged between several systems within the BSS 105 using an assigned connection as shown between the call control processor 202 and the switch 212. Other methods of networking various systems within the BSS 105 other than the CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 shown in FIG. 5 are consistent with the operation of the present invention.
The signaling message controls the operation of various systems constituting the BSS, and constitutes a completion command used to exchange information with the subscriber device 100 and the GSM-MSC 106. This completion signaling message is transmitted through one or more signaling packets that generate a signaling message that is assembled and transmitted by the receiving system. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the subcategory of the signaling message is defined to be transmitted over the BSS 105 without affecting the operation of the BSS 105. For this application purpose, the signaling message is considered a transport message, and the availability of this transport message forms a transparent transport function within the BSS 105. In general, this transparent transport function is used to exchange certain categories of signaling messages between GSM-MSCs 106, defined as DTAP messages by the BSS 105. In operation of the BSS 105, the call control processor 202 and the BSC A-interface 206 use different signaling messages to form and control various other systems within the BSS 105 and, in general, to applications. In this regard, any form or other control performed by the call control processor 202 and the BSC A-interface 206 may be performed via such signaling message passed as described above in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and directly between systems. The use of other message passing mechanisms such as interconnection is consistent with the present invention. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the call control processor 202 and the BSC A-interface 206 are implemented through the use of a computer system controlled by software instructions (not shown).
One form of configuration and control performed by the BSC A-interface 206 includes the allocation of selection resources within the selection subsystem 204. The selection resource provides a bi-directional interface between the subscriber device 100 and one or more systems within the BSC 104 by one or more BTSs 102. Functions connected with this bidirectional interface include matching multiple copies of data frames generated by two or more BTSs and selecting quality data frames from the processed copy set. This selection is based on quality indication information located in each frame by each BTS 102. Multiple copies of a frame are created when subscriber device 100 is coupled to multiple RF interfaces with multiple BTSs 102 in soft handoff. In addition, the selection resource receives a data packet destined for the subscriber device 100, and transmits the data packet along with the subscriber device 100 to each BTS 102 coupled to the RF interface. Each selection resource has its own internal address so that packets related to the call being processed can be routed to that selection resource in the selection subsystem 204. Each selected resource also keeps track of the BTS 102 set to which the assigned subscriber device 100 is interfacing. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the selection resource is configured by a microprocessor or software instructions stored in the memory device are also located in the selection subsystem 204 (not shown).
The BSC A-interface also forms a service option system 210 that processes data from the selection subsystem 204 in a variety of ways based on the services needed to process data processing and telephone calls. In the form of signaling services provided, vocoding and devocoding of voice traffic data associated with telephone calls, modulation and demodulation of tones and other signals used for the transmission of faxes and other digital data over standard PSTN connections, And encryption of user and signaling data. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, signal processing is accomplished via digital signal processing integrated circuits located within the data processing and service option system 210, controlled using software instructions stored in the memory system, and such use (not shown). Is not well known in the art. Another function performed by the BSC A-interface 206 is to receive a DTAP signaling message from the GSM-MSC 106 transmitted according to the A-interface, place this message in a transmission message and dial the transmission message. By sending to the selector resource associated with the call, this signaling message is sent to the appropriate subscriber device 100. Upon receiving this transmission message, the selector resource sends the transmission message to subscriber device 100 via the CDMA forward user traffic channel.
As described above, the data is exchanged between the BTS 102 and the subscriber device 100 through multiple frames containing frame header bits indicating the type of data contained in the frame. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signaling and traffic data may be transmitted in a single frame according to the IS-95 standard. Since the destination and source of each frame are indicated by the channel code used to modulate the data, no address is accommodated in the frame during OTA transmission. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each frame transmitted on the reverse link is received by a particular channel processing element (not shown) within the BTS 102. Each channel processing element in turn knows the internal address of the selector resource that processes the call, and after extracting the frame from the forward link, the channel processing element sends the frame to the selector resource. The selector resource then assembles the signaling message from the frame containing the signaling data and determines the type of signaling message based on the signaling message header bits required for the signaling message. The transport signaling message is transparently routed to the BSC A-interface 206 by the selection resource using the BSS transport message described above. The BSC A-Interface further locates the connection identifier associated with the telephone call into an SCCP header field based on the selected resource transmitting the transport signaling message, and transparently transmits the transport signaling message to the GSM-MSC according to the A-Interface protocol. If this message is a non-transparent or local signaling message, the selector resource and the BSC A-interface 206 will process this message internally.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to properly handle a telephone call, various procedures are performed by exchanging signaling messages among the various systems shown in FIG. 5 in order.
These various procedures include call initiation, call release, and subscriber device registration. 6 to 10 are message sequence diagrams illustrating signaling messages exchanged during processing of call initialization, call release, and subscriber device registration according to the present invention. The vertical lines shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 each relate to the system identified in the upper box of each line. The system is the subscriber device 100, the BTS 102, the selector subsystem 204, the BSC A-interface 206, and the GSM-MSC 106. The horizontal arrows between the two vertical lines represent the exchange of signaling messages between related systems. Time passes from top to bottom, and the horizontal line above it occurs earlier than the horizontal line below the page. As indicated at the bottom of each page, messages exchanged between subscriber device 100 and BTS 102 are transmitted via a bidirectional OTA interface, and messages exchanged between GSM-MSC 106 and BSC A-interfaces. Transmitted according to the GSM A-interface.
As described above, the GSM signaling message exchanged between the GSM-MSC 106 and the BSC A-interface is transmitted in an SCCP signaling message housed in a message signaling device (MSU) according to the SS7 standard. Upon receiving the SCCP signaling message, the BSC A-interface 206 first checks the SCCP message type code field to determine whether the message relates to a particular communication or the operation of the entire BSS. If this message is associated with a particular communication or telephone call, the BSC A-interface 206 determines using the connection identifier contained in the SCCP header. Next, the BSC A-Interface 206 determines whether this message is a DTAP message or a BSMAP message by checking the discrimination field of the GSM A-Interface signaling message. If this GSM signaling message is a DTAP message, the BSC A-Interface transparently transmits the signaling message through the transmission message as described above. If this message is a BSSMAP message, the BSC A-Interface determines the particular BSSMAP message by examining the BSSMAP Message Type field. Based on this BSSMAP message type, the BSC A-Interface performs the various steps described below.
For purposes of explanation below, the signaling messages exchanged between the selection subsystem 204 and the subscriber device 100 are represented by a single horizontal line between the two systems. In practice, however, signaling messages are passed through one or more BTSs 102. When the signaling message has no control processing or resource allocation by the BTS 102, a single line is used for convenience of illustration. Similarly, signaling messages exchanged between the BSC A-interface and the GSM-MSC 106 pass through the switch 212, but since the switch 212 does no specific processing related to the present invention, a single line is used. do. The CDMA OTA channel used to transmit a message to or from a subscriber device is a P indicating a forward link paging channel, an A indicating a reverse link paging channel, and a forward link user traffic channel or a reverse link user traffic channel depending on the transmission direction. As T, it appears in parentheses next to the relevant message. 6,7 and 10, 'traffic channel setup' is also a process involved in establishing the forward and reverse link user traffic channel interfaces between subscriber device 100 and BTS 102. 'Network setup' is the process of establishing a telecommunications network connection with another telecommunications system involved in a call, and is indicated on the far left. Signaling messages routed transparently using transport messages are named 'xport' and parentheses indicate connected signaling messages, and are called transport messages in the specification.
In Figures 8 and 9, the far-flung 'network release initialization' on the left side of the figure is the process of the release and release initialization of the network resources involved in the telephone call. 8 and 9, 'traffic channel interface demolition' is a process of releasing resources associated with a bidirectional radio frequency signal interface between the subscriber device 100 and the BSS 105 (FIG. 3). It should be borne in mind that the message sequence diagrams shown in Figs. 6 to 10 show only those specifically related to the present invention, not all messages transmitted. Some signaling messages to be described below are also not shown for convenience of illustration. In addition, each illustrated signaling message transmitted within the BSS 105 is exchanged in accordance with an internal packet based on the protocol described above, passing through the CDMA interconnect subsystem 200 of FIG. 5 of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. do.
6 is a message sequence diagram of a subscriber device end call initialization sequence according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The subscriber device end call initiation sequence may be a subscriber device that interfaces with the wireless telecommunications system shown in FIG. 4, such as a subscriber device of the PSTN 108, a wireless subscriber device 100 that interfaces with another wireless telecommunications system, or a data terminal ( This is the result of initiating a telephone call or communication by another telecommunication entity. When the GSM-MSC 106 sends the paging message 300 to the BSC A-interface 206 in accordance with the A-Interface protocol, the subscriber device end call initialization is initiated. In accordance with the A-Interface protocol, the page message 300 is an international mobile subscriber identifier, a cell name array indicating the type of channel required for the OTA interface, a set of cells recently connected to the subscriber device, and, if necessary, a temporary mobile subscriber. Indicates the paged subscriber identified by. The BSC A-interface 206 first checks to determine if the received page message 300 is a BSSMAP message.
After confirming that the page message 300 is a BSSMAP message, by checking the BSSMAP message type field, the BSC A-interface 206 determines that the page message 300 is a page message. Upon determining that the page message 300 is a page message, the BSC A-interface 206 proceeds to signal the message to establish a bidirectional CDMA modulated RF channel between the BTS 102 and the subscriber device 100 to which the page message is directed. Generates a set of. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this set of signaling messages is initiated by sending a BSS page request 302 to the call control processor 202 that includes a cell name array. The call control processor 202 responds by sending a BTS page request 303 to the set of BTSs 102 indicated by the cell name array. Each BTS 102 responds by broadcasting the page message 304 to the associated cell over the forwardlink paging channel. If the page is received by the subscriber device, it responds by sending a channel request message 306 to the BTS 102 via the reverse link access channel.
This channel request message 306 may contain information about the type of service requested for the call, if the page message 304 includes information about the type of service.
The BTS 102 responds by sending the BSS channel request 310 to the BSC A-interface 206 and sending the BTS acknowledgment message 308 to the subscriber device 100 via the paging channel. In an embodiment of the invention, the transmission of the BTS acknowledgment message 308 is optional. The BTS A-interface 206 sends a BSS call setup request 312 to the call control processor 202 in response to the BSS channel request 310, thereby continuing to establish a bidirectional user traffic channel interface. The call control processor 202 allocates the selector and service resources of the call and displays the result of the allocation in the BTS A-interface 206 of the BSS call setup response 314. Upon receiving the BSS call setup response 314, the BTS A-interface 206 sends a selector call setup request 316 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 initializes the selector resource allocated to process the call and displays it with the selector call setup response 318 to the BTS A-interface 206. Upon receiving the selector call setup response 318, the BTS A-interface 206 sends a radio link setup request 319 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a channel resource response 320 to the BTS 102.
Upon receiving the channel resource request 320, the BTS 102 allocates channel processing resources to modulate and demodulate the forward and reverse link user traffic channels associated with the telephone call, and selects a channel resource response message 322. To 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a connection request 324 to the responding BTS 102 by sending a connection response 326 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a null traffic data 328, a start traffic data message 330, and a null traffic data 332 to the BTS 102. The BTS 102 sends null traffic data 336 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link user traffic channel and responds to the start traffic data message 330 and the null traffic data 332. The selection subsystem 204 also sends a radio link resource indication 334 to the BSC A-interface 206.
Upon receiving the radio link resource indication 334, the BSC A-interface 206 sends the BTS channel assignment message 338 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link paging channel via the channel assignment message 340. Send to the responding BTS 102. Subscriber device 100 utilizes the assigned channel information included in channel assignment message 340 and transmits reverse link traffic channel preamble 342 on the reverse link user traffic channel, so that BTS 102 receives subscriber device ( From the reverse link traffic channel. Once the reverse link traffic channel is obtained, the BTS 102 sends a starting reverse link message 344 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a reverse link acknowledgment 346 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel. In addition, the selection subsystem 204 sends a radio link setup response message 348 to the BSC A-interface 206. Upon receiving reverse link acknowledgment 346, a bidirectional RF interface is formed.
Once the forward and reverse link traffic channel interfaces with the BTS 102 are established, the subscriber device 100 initiates the telecommunications network connection establishment process by sending a page response 350 to the selection subsystem 204. The page response 350 causes the selection subsystem 204 to send the BSS page response 352 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 receives the BSS page response 352, marks the subscriber device 100 ready to establish a network connection, stores the classmark information of the subscriber device 100, and completes the hierarchy. Initiate the SCCP connection by issuing a SCCP connection request including 3 information message 354 to the GSM-MSC according to the A-Interface protocol. The complete Layer 3 information message 354 includes the content of the BSS page response message 352 and is well known within the art as it is part of the GSM A-Interface protocol. The GSM-MSC 106 responds by sending a cipher mode command 358 to the BSC A-interface 206. The cryptographic mode command 358 is cryptographic information with a cryptographic key, a list of possible cryptographic algorithms used based on the capacity of the subscriber device 100, and a cryptographic response mode that may require international mobile equipment identity. It includes.
Upon determining that the cipher mode command 358 is a BSSMAP message, the BSC A-interface 206 selects one of the possible encryption algorithms, and sends the BSS cipher mode command 360 to the selection subsystem 204 in cipher mode. The order decides more. The selection subsystem 204 initiates the wireless encryption process by sending an encryption mode command 362 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel. After the cipher mode command 362, the subscriber device 100 sends an cipher mode complete message 364 to the selection subsystem 204 via the reverse link traffic channel. Upon receipt of the cryptographic mode complete message 364, the selection subsystem 204 encrypts all additional signaling and call data for the telephone call by switching to a private reverse link channel code or a long distance code in accordance with the IS-95 standard. Perform encryption-decryption It should be noted that other methods of writing and encrypting passwords are consistent with the operation of the present invention. The selection subsystem 204 sends a BSS cryptographic mode complete message 366 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 sends an encryption mode complete command 368 and an internal mobile equipment identifier indicating the selected encryption algorithm, if required, according to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the A-Interface protocol. ) Is sent.
Next, the GSM-MSC 106 sends a setup message 370 to the BSC A-interface 206. The setup message 370 includes various types of information about the telephone call formed with the service type, transmission rate, data type to be transmitted, and voice encoding type. The use of setup message 370 is part of the GSM A-Interface protocol and is therefore well known in the art. As soon as the DTAP message determines the setup message 370, the BSC A-interface 206 transparently sends the message content to the selection subsystem 204 via the transfer message 372. In an embodiment of the invention, the BSC A-interface 206 does not know that the setup message 370 is actually a setup message, and as soon as it cannot see beyond the range of discriminator bits, it can only know that it is a DTAP type message. have. This simplifies the processing required by the BSC A-interface 206 and allows for transparent transmission. As soon as the transmission message determines the transmission message 372, the selection subsystem 204 sends the message content via the transmission message 374 and via the forward link traffic channel. After receiving the transmission message 374, the subscriber device 100 passes the message content, which is a DTAP setup message, to the GSM message processing portion of the subscriber device 100. A portion of the subscriber device 100 responds by sending a call confirmation to the selection subsystem 204 in the transfer message 376. The call confirmation confirms the service type described in the setup message 370 or suggests another type of service. The selection subsystem 204 transparently sends the contents of the transfer message 376 to the BSC A-interface via the transfer message 378 including call confirmation. Continuing with the transparent transmission process, the BSC A-interface 206 forwards the message content to the GSM-MSC 106 the DTAP Call Confirmation message 380 according to the GSM A-Interface protocol.
Upon receiving call confirmation message 380, GSM-MSC 106 sends an allocation request 382 to BSC A-interface 206. The allocation request 382 identifies the channel type, priority, circuit identification code (network timeslot), downlink DTX flag (variable bit rate), interference band to be used (frequency hopping) and classmark information 2 (subscriber device type). Indicates. The channel type is the type to be transmitted during the transmission, for example fax, voice or signaling. The assignment request 382, BSSMAP message, causes the BSC A-interface 206 to determine the type of CDMA service needed to handle the telephone call with the subscriber device 100. The decision begins with sending the BSS service request 386 to the responding selection subsystem 204 by sending the service request 388 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel. The service request 388 indicates a parameter of the radio link necessary to provide the requested data service, including the communication speed, and the subscriber device 100 selects the service response 389 indicating whether the radio link type is acceptable. Respond by sending to system 100. If the service response 389 indicates that the service type is acceptable, the selection subsystem 204 sends the service connection message 390 and the subscriber device 100 receives the service connection complete message via the reverse link traffic channel. Transmit to subscriber device 100 via a forward link traffic channel transmitting to 204.
The selection subsystem 204 then indicates a successful service decision for the BSC A-interface 206 by sending a BSS service response 392. Upon receiving the BSS service response 392, the BSC A-interface 206 processes the call according to the service type via sending the BSS resource allocation message 384 to the data processing and service option system 210. Allocate resources for The data processing and service option system 210 allocates call processing resources for processing any received traffic data. In another embodiment of the present invention, service option resource allocation is performed in response to the channel request message 310. Additionally, the BSC A-interface 206 is assigned a connection within the switch 212 that creates a traffic channel between the GSM-MSC 106 and the data processing and service option system 210 so that the traffic associated with the call can be assigned. (The message for switch 212 is not shown.) The BSC A-interface 206 is completed by the service decision being sent to the GSM-MSC in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol, the assignment complete message 394. do.
As soon as the service decision is completed, the GSM message processing portion of the subscriber device 100 indicates to the GSM-MSC 106 to alert the user of the subscriber device 100 by sending an alert message via the transmission message 400. . The alert message is transparent to the BSC A-interface (204) via the transport message 398 by the selection subsystem and then to the GSM-MSC 106 via the DTAP alert message 396 by the BSC A-interface. Is sent. Here, GSM-MSC 106 may generate a ring tone towards the calling party. If the call is answered by subscriber device 100, it responds to GSM-MSC 106 by sending a connection in transmission message 402 to the selection subsystem 204 over a reverse link traffic channel. Indicates. The connection is transparent to the BSC A-interface via the transport message 404 by the selection subsystem 204 and then to the GSM-MSC 106 via the DTAP connection message 408 by the BSC A-interface. Is sent. Upon receiving the connection message 408, if the GSM-MSC is provided, stop the call and send the connection acknowledgment 410 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 transparently passes the connection acknowledgment message 410 to the selection subsystem 204 via the transmission message 412. The selection subsystem 204 then sends the transmission message 414 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel to continue transparent transmission. Upon receipt of the transmission message 414 by the subscriber device 100, a stable call state is established and the subscriber device termination call origination process is completed.
7 is a message sequence diagram illustrating a device signaling message transmitted during a subscriber device outgoing call initialization process according to one embodiment of the invention. The wireless subscriber device outgoing call initialization procedure results from the telephone call initiated by the subscriber device 100 of FIG. The subscriber device outgoing call initiation process begins with a channel request message 506 sent to the BTS 102 via the reverse link access channel at the subscriber device 100. In the embodiment of the present invention, the channel request message 506 includes information regarding the type of service requested, but the information may be provided in other messages within other embodiments of the present invention. Although in the embodiment of the present invention, sending the BTS acknowledgment message 508 is optional, the BTS 102 sends the BSS channel request 510 to the BSC A-interface 206, and the BTS acknowledgment message. Respond to the channel request 506 by sending 508 to the subscriber device 100. The BSC A-interface 206 responds by generating a set of signaling messages to form a bidirectional CDMA modulated RF signal interface between the subscriber device 100 and the BTS 102. When the BSC A-interface 206 sends a BSS call setup request 512 to the call control processor 202, the process for forming the bidirectional interface begins. The call control processor 202 allocates the selector and service resources for the call and indicates the allocation result for the BSS call setup response 514. Upon receiving the BSS call setup response 514, the BSC A-interface 206 sends the select call setup request 516 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 initializes the assigned selection resource and represents it as a selection call setup response 518 to the BSC A-interface 206. Upon receiving the call setup response 518, the BSC A-interface 206 sends a radio link setup request 519 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a channel resource request 520 to the BTS 102.
Upon receiving the channel resource request 520, the BTS 102 allocates channel processing resources to modulate and demodulate the forward and reverse user traffic channels associated with the telephone call, and generates a channel resource response message 522 to the selection subsystem ( 204). The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a connection request 524 to the responding BTS 102 by allocating a selection resource for call processing and by sending a connection response 526 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a null traffic data 528, a traffic data message 530, and a null traffic data 532 to the BTS 102. The BTS 102 responds to the start traffic data message 530 and the null traffic data 532 by sending null traffic data 536 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 also sends a radio link resource message 534 to the BSC A-interface 206. Upon receiving the radio link resource message 530, the BSC A-interface 206 sends the channel assignment message 540 to the BTS 102 by responding by sending it to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link paging channel. Send an assignment message 538. Subscriber device 100 uses the assigned channel information included in channel assignment message 540 to begin processing data received via the assigned forward link traffic channel. It also sends the reverse link traffic channel preamble 542 so that the BTS 102 can obtain the reverse link traffic channel from the subscriber device 100. Once the reverse link signal is obtained, the BTS 102 sends a start reverse link message 544 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a reverse link acknowledgment 546 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward traffic channel. In addition, the selection subsystem 204 sends a radio link resource message 548 to the BSC A-interface 206. Here, a bidirectional link is established and network connection setup begins.
Upon receiving the reverse link acknowledgment message 546, the subscriber device 100 initiates a network connection setup by sending a call management service request 550 to the selection subsystem 204 via the reverse link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a BSS call management service request 551 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 stores the classmark information contained in the message, generates a full layer 3 information message 552 including the information sent in the BSS call management service request 551, and the SCCP Connection Request message. Initiate the SCCP connection by sending the complete layer 3 information message 552 in the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the A-Interface protocol. The full layer 3 information message 552 is part of the GSM A-Interface protocol and is well known in the art.
The GSM-MSC 106 responds by sending an acknowledgment request 553 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 identifies the message 553 as a DTAP message and transparently conveys the message content to the selection subsystem 204 via the transmission message 554. The selection subsystem 204 transparently conveys the message content to the subscriber device 100 by sending the transmission message 555 via the forward link traffic channel, where the transmission message 554 is of the transmission message type. The subscriber device 100 receives the transmission message 555 and sends the selection subsystem 204 via the reverse link traffic channel a transmission message 556 including an acknowledgment for the selection subsystem via the reverse link traffic channel. It transmits the contents to the internal GSM message processing part which responds by sending the message. Upon determining the send message 556, the selection subsystem 204 transparently conveys the message content to the BSC A-interface 206 via the send message 557. The BSC A-interface 206 continues the transparent transmission by passing the DTAP acknowledgment 558 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-interface protocol.
The GSM-MSC 106 responds by sending an encryption mode command 559 to the BSC A-interface 206. Upon determining that the message 559 is a BSSMAP message, and determining that it is a cipher mode command, the BSC A-interface 206 sends the BSS cipher mode command 560 to the selection subsystem 204 to initiate wireless encryption. Begin the process. Upon receiving the BSS encryption command 560, the selection subsystem 204 sends the encryption mode command 562 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel. After processing the cipher mode command 562, the subscriber device 100 sends the cipher mode complete message 564 to the selection subsystem 204 via the forward traffic channel and begins to encrypt all subsequent transmissions. . Upon receiving the cryptographic mode complete message 564, the selection subsystem 204 begins to encrypt-decrypt the call data associated with all additional signaling and telephone calls. In an embodiment of the invention, the encryption is performed using a private channel code in accordance with the IS-95 standard. However, the use of other encryption methods is consistent with the operation of the present invention. The selection subsystem 204 then sends to the BSC A-interface 206 in the BSS cryptographic mode complete message 566. The BSC A-interface 206 responds by sending a cryptographic mode complete command 568 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol indicating the configuration for encryption.
Once the secure bi-directional channel is established, subscriber device 100 sends the setup information to the GSM-MSC by sending setup message 570 to selection subsystem 204. The setup message 570 includes various types of information about the telephone call formed, including dialed digits, service type, transmission rate, data type to be transmitted and voice encoding type, and the like. The selection subsystem 204 transparently passes the setup message to the BSC A-interface 206 via the transmission message 572. The BSC A-interface 206 continues the transparent transmission of the setup message by sending the transmission message 574 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-interface protocol. After receiving the transmission message 572 and initiating a connection to the called subscriber, the GSM-MSC 106 sends a call transmission message including the call processing message to the BSC A-interface 206. The call handling message indicates that a network connection is established and that no further call establishment information is accepted. The BSC A-interface 206 responds by transparently sending the call processing message in the transmission message 578 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a transmission message 580 including the call processing message to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel.
After sending the call progress message 566, the GSM-MSC 106 also sends an allocation request 586 to the BSC A-interface 206. In response, the BSC A-interface 206 continues to form the BBS for call processing by sending a BBS allocation request 586 to the selection subsystem 204, which services the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. Respond by sending the connection 589. In response, subscriber device 100 sends a service connection complete message 591 to the selection subsystem 204 over the reverse link traffic channel indicating that the service type accepts. (Note: Since the subscriber device 100 made an initial service request at the time of initiating the telephone call, since the service is likely to accept to the subscriber device 100, the service request message and the service response message shown in FIG. The use of all is omitted here.) The selection subsystem 204 proceeds with the transmission of the BSS service response 592 to the BSC A-interface 206, and the BSC A-interface 206 is the GSM A-interface. Respond by sending an assignment complete message 594 to the GSM-MSC according to the protocol. In order to allocate resources for call processing according to the service type indicated in the allocation request 582 and the BSS service response 592, the BSC A-interface 206 also sends a resource allocation message 584 to the data processing and service option system. Transmit to 210. In addition, the BSC A-interface 206 is configured in the switch 212 to create a traffic channel between the GSM-MSC 106 and the data processing and service option system 210 to carry traffic data about the call. Assigns a connection (the message for switch 212 is not shown).
Upon receipt of the assignment complete message 594, the GSM-MSC 106 sends an alert message 596 to the BSC A-interface 206 according to the GSM A-interface protocol, which is a transmission message (including the alert message). Respond by transparently forwarding the forward message to the selection subsystem 204 via 598. The selection subsystem 204 then continues the transparent transmission by sending a transmission message 600 containing an alert message to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. The alert message indicates that the subscriber device 100 should begin generating ring back tone. If the call is answered, the GSM-MSC 106 sends a connection message 596 to the BSC A-interface 206 according to the GSM A-interface protocol, and the BSC A-interface 206 is the selection subsystem 204. Respond by sending a transmission message 604 containing the connection message. The selection subsystem 204 continues the transparent transmission of the access message to the subscriber device 100 by sending the transmission message 606 over the forward link traffic pack channel. Upon receiving the transmission message 606, the subscriber device 100 stops generating the ring tone and sends the transmission message 610 to the selection subsystem 204, which includes the connection acknowledgment. The selection subsystem 204 responds by transparently sending a connection acknowledgment to the BSC A-interface 206 via the transmission message 612, which then connects to the GSM-MSC 106 according to the GSM A-Interface protocol. Send an acknowledgment message 614. Upon receiving the connection acknowledgment message 614 by the GSM-MSC 106, a steady state call is made.
8 is a sequence diagram illustrating that signaling messages are exchanged while a call release message originating at a subscriber device is executed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The call release initiated at the subscriber device is the disconnection of the telephone call in response to the release request by the subscriber device 100 of FIG. If the subscriber device sends a transmit message including a short message to the selection subsystem 204 over the reverse link traffic channel, the call release originated at the subscriber device begins by tearing down the network connection during an outgoing telephone call or other communication. do. The selection subsystem 204 is configured to send a disconnect message 657, causing the BSC A-interface 206 to send a disconnect message 672 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-interface protocol. Respond by sending to the BSC A-interface 206. The GSM-MSC 106 initiates the release of the network connection to another party and sends a release message 673 to the BSC A-interface 206. In response, the BSC A-interface 206 sends a transmission message 665 that includes the release of the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 then sends its release via the transmission of the transmission message 658 to the subscriber device 100 via the forward link traffic channel.
The subscriber device 100 responds by sending a transmission message 653 containing the release complete to the selection subsystem 204 via the reverse link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 sends the release complete via the transmission of the transmission message 660 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-Interface responds by sending a Release Complete message 676 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol. The GSM-MSC 106 responds with a clear command 674 to the BSC A-interface 206 according to the GSM A-interface protocol, indicating that not only all A-interface network resources but also the bidirectional radio link should be released. do.
Upon receiving the clear command 674, the BSC A-interface 206 generates a set of messages to cause traffic channel interface teardown. Traffic channel interface demolition begins when the BSC A-interface 206 sends the BSS service disconnect message 688 to the selection subsystem 204. In addition, the BSC A-interface 206 directs the switch 212 to remove the traffic channel connection between the data processing and service option system 210 and the GSM-MSC 106. (The message is not returned.) The selection subsystem 204 acknowledges the receipt of the BSS service disconnect request message 668 by sending a BSS service disconnect response 670, which is indicated by the BSC A-interface 206 to the selection subsystem 204 for BSS radio. Send a link release request 663. Upon receiving the BSS radio link release request 663, the selection subsystem 204 sends a release order 651 to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. The subscriber device 100 responds by sending a release order 650 to the selection subsystem 204 over the reverse link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a terminating transport traffic channel command 654 and a disconnect request 655 to the BTS 102. The BTS 102 releases the resources used to process the forward and reverse link traffic channels, and then sends the terminating reverse link traffic channel 656 and the disconnect response to the selection subsystem 204.
The selection subsystem 204 then sends a resource release request 662 to the BTS 102, which transmits a resource release response 661 to the selection subsystem over the reverse link traffic channel. Answer. Upon receiving the resource release response, the selection subsystem 204 sends a radio release response to the BSC A-interface 206 and the BSC A-interface 206 sends a call release request 666 to the selection subsystem 204. Respond by sending. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a call release response to the BSC A-interface 206 and releases the selection resources associated with the call. The BSC A-interface 206 then deallocates a request 671 to the call control processor 202 indicating that the selection and service resources associated with the call have been released and are available for handling other calls. Send. BSC A-interface 206 also indicates that it has been released for GSM-MSC by sending clear complete 675 according to the GSM A-interface protocol. Clear completion 675 indicates to GSM-MSC 106 that call processing resources are now available. The call control processor 202 responds to the deallocation request 671 by sending an deallocation response 667 to the BSC A-interface 206. As soon as the deallocation response 667 is received by the BSC A-interface 206, this call is released.
9 is a message sequence diagram illustrating signaling messages exchanged upon network initiated call release performed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The network initiated call release disconnects the call in response to a request originating from a system other than the subscriber device 100 of FIG. A network initiated call release initiates an ongoing telephone call or other communication. The GSM-MSC 106 initiates network teardown by sending a short message 772 to the BSG A-interface 206 according to the GSM A-Interface protocol. The BSC A-interface 206 responds by sending a transmit message containing the disconnect to the selection subsystem 204, which also selects the transmit message 753 including the disconnect over the forward link traffic channel. Is transmitted to the subscriber device (100). The subscriber device 100 then sends a delivery message 758 containing the release to the selection subsystem 204 which responds with a transmission message 765 including the release message. To the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-Interface 206 then sends a release message 773 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol. The GSM-MSC 106 responds by sending a release complete message 776 to the BSC A-interface 206 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol. The BSC A-interface 206 sends a transmit message 760 containing a release complete to the selection subsystem 204, which also includes a release message on the forward link traffic channel. Respond by sending 752 to subscriber device 100.
The GSM-MSC 106 requires the release of a bidirectional radio link with the transmission of a clear command 774 to the BSC A-interface 206 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol. Upon receiving the clear command 774, the BSC A-interface 206 begins to tear down the traffic channel interface substantially in accordance with the IS-95 calling model. Traffic channel interface teardown is initiated when the BSC A-interface 206 sends the BSS service disconnect message request 768 to the selection subsystem 204. Additionally, the BSC A-interface 206 directs a switch 212 to release the traffic channel connection between the data processing and service option system 210 and the GSM-MSC 106 (message not shown). ). The selection subsystem 204 acknowledges the receipt of the BSS service disconnect request message 768 by sending a BSS service disconnect response 770, and the BSC A-interface 206 selects the BSS radio link release request 763. Transmit to subsystem 204. Upon receiving the BSS radiolink release request 763, the selection subsystem 204 sends a release order 751 to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. The subscriber device 100 responds by sending the release order 750 to the selection subsystem 204 over the reverse link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a terminating forward traffic channel command 754 and a disconnect request 755 to the BTS 102. The BTS 102 releases the resources used to handle the forward link and reverse link traffic channels and then sends the terminating reverse link traffic channel 756 and disconnect response 759 to the selection subsystem 204.
The selection subsystem 204 then sends a resource release request 762 to the BTS 102, and the BTS 102 sends a resource release response 761 to the selection subsystem over the reverse link traffic channel. Answer. Upon receiving the resource release response, the selection subsystem 204 sends a BSS radio link release response 764 to the BSC A-interface 206 and the BSC A-interface 206 calls the BSS to the selection subsystem 204. Respond by sending the release request 766. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a BSS call release response to the BSC A-interface 206 and releases the selection resource associated with the telephone call to be released. The BSC A-interface 206 then sends a BSS Deallocate Request 771 to the call control processor 202 indicating that the selected and service resources associated with the telephone call have been released and are available for processing other calls. . BSC A-interface 206 also indicates that it has been released for GSM-MSC by sending clear completion 775 according to the GSM A-Interface protocol. The BSC A-Interface responds to the BSS Deallocate Request 771 by sending a BSS A-Interface 206 to the BSC A-Interface 206. As soon as the BSS deallocation response 767 is received by the BSC A-interface 206, the call is released.
10A and 10B show message sequence diagrams illustrating signaling messages exchanged upon subscriber device registration performed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Upon registration of the subscriber device, the subscriber device 100 of FIG. 2 may notify the GSM-MSC 106 of its current location and status so that the GSM-MSC 106 can provide service to the subscriber device 100. . Subscriber device registration is initiated by a channel request message 806 sent from the subscriber device 100 to the BTS 102 via a reverse link access channel. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, channel request message 806 indicates that subscriber device 100 is starting to register, but such information may be provided in other messages in alternative embodiments of the present invention. Although transmission of the BTS acknowledgment message 808 is optional in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the BTS 102 may request the BSS channel request 810 at the BSC A-interface 206 and the BTS acknowledgment message at the subscriber device 100. Respond to channel request message 806 by sending 808. The BSC A-interface 206 sends a BSS call setup request 812 to the call control processor 202 to establish a set of bidirectional CDMA modulated RF signal interfaces between the subscriber device 100 and the BTS 102. Respond by generating a message. The call control processor 202 assigns a selector and service for the call and presents the result to the BSC A-interface 206 as a BSS call setup response 814. Upon receiving the BSS call setup response 814, the BSC A-interface 206 sends a selector call setup request 816 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by allocating a selection resource for handling the telephone call and presenting it to the BSC A-interface 206 according to the selector call setup response 818. Upon receiving the call setup response 818, the BSC A-interface 206 sends a radiolink setup request 819 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending the channel resource request 820 to the BTS 102.
Upon receipt of the channel resource request 820, the BTS 102 allocates channel processing resources to modulate and demodulate the forward and reverse link traffic channels associated with the call and select the channel resource response message 822 to the subsystem 204. Send by The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a connection request 824 to the BTS 102 and the BTS 102 responds by sending a connection request 826 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a null traffic data 828, a start traffic data message 830, and a null traffic data 832 to the BTS 102. The BTS 102 responds to the start traffic data message 830 and the null traffic data 832 by sending null traffic data 836 to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 also sends a radiolink resource message 834 to the BSC A-interface 206. Upon receiving the radiolink resource message 834, the BSC A-interface 206 sends a BTS channel assignment message 838 to the BTS 102 and the BTS 102 sends a channel assignment message 840 via the forward link paging channel. Responds by sending the subscriber device 100). The subscriber device 100 uses the allocation channel information included in the channel assignment message 840 to process data received through the assigned forward link traffic channel, and transmits the reverse link traffic channel preamble 842 to the BTS ( 102 may acquire a reverse link traffic channel. Once the reverse link signal is obtained, the BTS 102 sends a start reverse link message 844 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 responds by sending a reverse link acknowledgment 846 to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. As described above, messages such as reverse link acknowledgments 846 exchanged between the selection subsystem 204 and the subscriber device 100 pass through the BTS 102, but as routed directly for the sake of brevity of the figure. Is shown. In addition, the selection subsystem 204 sends a radiolink setup response 848 to the BSC A-interface 206. At this point, a bidirectional channel is established.
The subscriber device 100 starts the registration procedure by sending the DTAP location update request 850 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 sends a location update request to the BSC A-interface 206 and the BSC A-interface 206 initiates an SCCP connection with the GSM-MSC 106 as specified in the GSM A-interface protocol. After storing classmark information, the BSC A-interface 206 generates a SCCP Connection Request message that includes a complete layer 3 information message 852 that includes a BSS location request 851. The complete layer 3 information message 852 is well known in the art as part of the GSM A-Interface protocol. The GSM-MSC 106 sends an acknowledgment 885 to the BSC A-interface 206 and responds, and the BSC A-interface 206 in turn transmits a transmission message 855 including the acknowledgment request to the forward link traffic channel. Transmits to the subscriber device 100 via the terminal. Subscriber device 100 sends the transmitted acknowledgment request to the GSM-based message processor of subscriber device 100, which sends a transmission acknowledgment 856 to the selection subsystem 204 over the reverse link traffic channel to confirm. Respond to request 855. The selection subsystem 204 transparently transmits the acknowledgment by sending a transmission message 857 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 then sends an acknowledgment 858 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-interface protocol. The GSM-MSC 106 responds by sending an encryption mode command 859 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 then begins the encryption start procedure by sending a BSS cryptographic mode command 860 to the selection subsystem 204 and the selection subsystem 204 forwards the cryptographic mode command 862. The subscriber station 100 transmits the data through the link traffic channel. After processing the cipher mode command 862, the subscriber device 100 transmits the cipher mode complete message 864 to the selection subsystem 204 in encrypted form over the reverse link traffic channel. Upon receiving the BSS cryptographic mode command 860, the selection subsystem 204 begins to perform encryption-decryption on all additional signaling and call data associated with the call. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a BSS cryptographic mode completion message 866 to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 responds by sending an encryption mode complete command 868 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol.
The GSM-MSC 106 then sends an ID request 874 to the BSC A-interface 206 according to the GSM A-interface protocol, and the BSC A-interface 206 via the transmission message 872. Respond by sending an ID request to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a transmission message 870 containing the ID request to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. The GSM basic message processing unit of the subscriber device 100 responds by generating an ID response, and the subscriber device 100 transmits the ID response in the transmission message 880 to the selection subsystem 204 through the reverse link traffic channel. . The selection subsystem 204 then sends an ID response through the transmission of the transmission message 878 to the BSC A-interface 206 and the BSC A-interface 206 sends an ID response according to the GSM A-interface protocol. Respond by sending 876 to the GSM-MSC 106. The GSM-MSC 106 receives the ID response 876 and transmits the location update 882 accepted according to the GSM A-Interface protocol to the BSC A-Interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 then transmits a transmission message 886 containing the accepted location update to the selection subsystem 204 and a transmission message 890 over the forward link traffic channel. Respond by sending the location update accepted at 100. The subscriber device 100 responds by sending a transmission message 891 to the selection subsystem 204 containing a temporary subscriber identity (TMSI) reactivation command, and the selection subsystem 204 then retransmits the TMSI retransmission. A transmission message 892 containing the assignment command is sent to the BSC A-interface 206. The BSC A-interface 206 responds by sending a TMSI reassignment command 894 to the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-Interface protocol. Upon receiving the TMSI reassignment command 894, the GSM-MSC 106 sends a clear command 896 to the BSC A-interface 206 to begin the release of the radio link.
Referring to FIG. 10B, the signaling message exchanged upon registration of a subscriber device performed according to an embodiment of the present invention is still illustrated, and the BSS radio link release after the BSC A-interface 206 receives the clear command 896. Request 902 is sent to selection subsystem 204. Upon receiving the BSS radio link release request 902, the selection subsystem 204 sends the release order 900 to the subscriber device 100 over the forward link traffic channel. The subscriber device 100 responds by sending the release order 904 to the selection subsystem 204 over the reverse link traffic channel. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a terminating forward traffic channel command 906 and a disconnect request 908 to the BTS 102. The BTS 102 releases the resources used to handle the forward and reverse link traffic channels and then sends a terminating reverse link traffic channel indication 908 and a disconnect response 910 to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 sends a resource release request 914 to the BTS 102, and the BTS 102 responds by sending a resource release response 916. Upon receiving the resource release response 916, the selection subsystem 204 sends a BSS radio release response 918 to the BSC A-interface 206, and the BSC A-interface 206 sends a BSS call release request 920. Reply) to the selection subsystem 204. The selection subsystem 204 then sends a BSS call release response 922 to the BSC A-interface 206 and releases the selection resources associated with the call. The BSC A-interface 206 sends a BSS deallocation request 924 to the call control processor 202 indicating that the selection and service resources associated with the call have been released and are available for handling other calls. In addition, the BSC A-interface 206 also indicates that the call has been released for the GSM-MSC 106 by transmitting a clear completion 926 in accordance with the GSM A-interface protocol. The call control processor 202 responds to the BSS deallocation request 924 by sending a BSS deallocation response 928 to the BSC A-interface 206. When the deassignment response 928 is received by the BSC A-interface 206, the location update procedure is complete.
By initiating call initiation and subscriber politics registration, first establishing a CDMA OTA interface between the subscriber device 100 and the BSS 105, and then transmitting the signaling messages over these forward and reverse link traffic channels. By establishing a network communication network connection between the 100 and the GSM-MSC 106, it becomes possible to use a wireless communication system using the CDMA OTA interface in connection with the GSM A-interface protocol. The ability to provide CDMA on an interface in connection with the GSM A-Interface protocol is also enabled by using a BSC A-Interface that receives a GSM A-Interface message, examining these GSM A-Interface messages and varying the response. Take action. These actions include converting GSM A-interface signaling messages into the internal BSS protocol and determining the appropriate response for each message based on the configuration and capabilities of the CDMA OTA interface. Proper response includes allocating signal processing resources in response to the allocation request. The ability to provide CDMA on an interface in connection with a GSM A-interface network is also facilitated by using a selector element that detects when an encryption message is sent and then starts the encryption process. This allows the encryption characteristics of the GSM A-interface network to be provided along with the soft handoff characteristics of the IS-95 OTA protocol.
11 is a block diagram of a BSC A-interface 206 constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Message processing and generation system 990, SS7 stack interface 992 and BSC packet interface 994 are coupled via localbus 996. In operation, the SS7 stack interface 992 sends a signaling message sent by the GSM-MSC 106 in accordance with the GSM A-interface. SS7 stack interface 992 also sends data related to signaling messages for message processing and generation system 990. In addition, the message processing and generation system 990 exchanges the BSC packet interface 994 with the signal message via the local bus 996. The BSC packet interface 994 places the received signaling message data inside the network packet, extracts the signaling message data from the BSS network packet and responds by providing the message processing and generation system 990. The message processing and generation system 990 performs various message determination and signaling message generation functions of the BSC A-interface 206 as described above in response to the received signaling message data. Although a single microprocessor and memory system with sufficient processing power may be used to implement two or three of these systems in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the message processing and generation system 990, the SS7 interface stack 992, and the BSC. Each packet interface 994 consists of a semiconductor based microprocessor and a memory storage system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a block diagram of a subscriber device 100 constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The forward link RF signal (see FIG. 3) transmitted from the BTS 102 is received by the antenna 980 and sent to the RF processing system 982. RF processing system 982 downconverts the signal to baseband and digitizes the baseband signal. Digital signal processing system 984 processes the digitized baseband signal in accordance with the CDMA protocol used to process the signal as a transmission. As mentioned above, the CDMA protocol used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to the physical signal modulation technique of the IS-95 protocol, even if the use of other CDMA protocols is consistent with the operation of the present invention. Signal processing performed by digital signal processing system 984 includes Viterbi decoding and block deinterleaving, as well as demodulation by forward link spreading codes and channel codes. Their use is well known in the art. This processing is performed based on every frame. The obtained frame of digital data from the digital signal processing system 984 is sent to the control system 986. The control system 986 receives a frame of digital data and determines whether the digital data is a signaling message or user data based on the header information contained in each frame. The user data is sent to the input / output system 988 and the input / output system 988 typically converts the user data into audio information, but can also provide the user data in a digital format for further processing by another digital system. The signaling data is gathered into a signaling message and the signaling message is further classified by examining the message header bits as a transport signaling message or a local signaling message by the control system 986.
Untransmitted or local signaling messages are sent to the interface control 987 which processes the messages to generate an appropriate response. Appropriate responses include reception and transmission of baseband digital signals by providing the necessary spreading and channel codes as well as the generation of output signaling messages transmitted to the BTS 102 in FIG. 4 via untransmitted frames in accordance with the various call processing procedures described above. Also included is a configuration of a digital signal processing system 986. The transmission signaling message is sent to the network control 989 and the network control 989 is referred to as the GSM message processor of the subscriber device 100. Network control 989 processes local signaling messages and generates appropriate responses that may include the generation of output signal messages in accordance with the various call processing procedures described above. The output signaling message generated by the network control 989 is placed in the transmission message by the control system 986 and transmitted to the digital signal processing system 984 according to the output signaling message from the interface control 987 and the digital signal. Processing system 984 Viterbi encodes, block interleaves, modulates, and spreads data according to CDMA signal processing techniques. The CDMA processing data is sent to the RF signal processing system 982 and the RF signal processing system 982 uses a four-step phase shift key (QPSK) using digital data according to the IS-95 standard transmitted to the BTS 102 of FIG. Generates a reverse link RF signal.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, digital signal processing system 984 consists of a digital signal processor (DSP) controlled by software stored in a memory system (not shown). In addition, the control system 986 also consists of a microprocessor controlled by software instructions stored in a memory system (not shown). Portions of the software instructions used to control the microprocessor are also used to execute interface control 987 and network control 989. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the control system 986 and the digital signal processing system 984 can be implemented using one or more custom design integrated circuits, where the network control 989 and the interface control are controlled by the control system ( 986) is part of an integrated circuit used to implement. In addition, in the illustrated configuration, the control system 986 is coupled between the input / output system 988 and the digital signal processing system 984. In alternative embodiments of the invention, each of these three systems may be combined together using a shared databus. In addition, the control system 986 and the digital signal processing system 984 may share the use of the same memory system by a shared data bus or by placing on the same integrated circuit.
Therefore, a method and apparatus for providing a wireless communication service using CDMA on an interface and a GSM communication network have been described. The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without using the inventive capabilities. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

权利要求:
Claims (70)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] A wireless telecommunication system using code division multiple access radio frequency signal modulation and GSM GSM A-interface network interface,
A base station controller for processing data associated with signaling messages and telephone calls,
A base station transceiver for exchanging the radio frequency signal with a subscriber device and exchanging signaling messages with a mobile switching center;
And a base station controller GSM A-interface subsystem for configuring said base station controller in response to a set of global systems for GSM A-interface signaling messages.
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
And a selection subsystem for generating multiple copies of the signaling message received from the base station controller GSM A-interface sent to the subscriber device in soft handoff and encrypting and decrypting data exchanged with the subscriber device. Wireless telecommunication systems.
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 2,
And the base station controller A-interface subsystem generates a GSM GSM A-interface signaling message in response to a signaling message received from the selection subsystem.
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 3, wherein
The base station controller GSM A-interface subsystem allows a portion of the message to be exchanged between a subscriber device and a mobile switching center.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of providing wireless telecommunication system services using radio frequency signals processed according to code division multiple access signal processing techniques, the method comprising:
(a) forming an OTA interface using the radio frequency signal, and
(b) establishing a telecommunications network connection with the subscriber device using a GSM A-interface telecommunications network signaling message.
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 5, wherein step (a) comprises:
(a.1) assigning a forward link channel to the subscriber device, and
(a.2) acquiring a reverse link channel transmitted from the subscriber device.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 5, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b.1) examining the signaling message type,
(b.2) sending a signaling message to the subscriber device if the signaling message requires operation by the subscriber device, and
(b.3) allocating call processing resources if the signaling message indicates a request for call processing.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended] A wireless telecommunication system using GSM A-interface A-interface network interaction and code division multiple access radio frequency signal modulation,
An OTA interface system using an radio frequency signal processed according to a code division multiple access signal processing technique to form an OTA interface, and
And a network interface system for establishing a telecommunications network connection with said subscriber device using signaling messages generated in accordance with a GSM A-interface telecommunications network protocol.
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of operating a wireless subscriber device,
(a) forming an OTA interface with a wireless telecommunication system using a radio frequency signal processed according to a code division multiple access modulation technique, and
(b) generating and processing signaling messages related to establishing a telecommunications network connection according to the GSM A-Interface A-Interface protocol rules.
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 9, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b.1) receiving an acknowledgment request generated in accordance with the GSM A-Interface A-Interface protocol rules over the forward traffic channel, and
(b.2) transmitting an acknowledgment generated according to the GSM A-Interface A-Interface protocol rules over the reverse link traffic channel.
[11" claim-type="Currently amended] 12. The method of claim 10, wherein traffic data is also received on the forward link channel and transmitted on the reverse link channel.
[12" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 9, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b.1) receiving an encryption command over a forward link traffic channel, and
(b.2) transmitting an encrypted signaling message and traffic data over a reverse link traffic channel.
[13" claim-type="Currently amended] A base station controller providing an interface between a mobile switching center and a subscriber device operating according to GSM A-interface A-interface protocol rules,
A base station controller interface for receiving a signaling message from the mobile switching center and determining an appropriate response to each of the signaling messages, and
And a selector subsystem to receive signaling messages from the BSC interface to encrypt and decrypt data exchanged with subscriber devices.
[14" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 13, wherein the base station controller interface,
Send a setup message received from the mobile switching center in a first transmission message,
Send a call acknowledgment message to the mobile switching center in response to a second transmit message comprising a call acknowledgment,
Receive an assignment message associated with the call pointing to the requesting service,
And a control message for generating a control message for allocating a signal processing resource capable of providing the requested service in response to the allocation request.
[15" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 13, wherein the base station controller interface,
Send a page request to a base station transceiver in response to a paging message from the mobile switching center,
Send a call setup request to a call control processor in response to a channel request message from the base station transceiver,
And transmitting a channel assignment message to the base transceiver station in response to a radio link resource indication message.
[16" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 15, wherein the base station controller interface,
If the signaling message is a direct transmission application part message, transparently transmitting the signaling message from the mobile switching center,
And examine the signaling message if the signaling message is a base station subsystem mobile application message.
[17" claim-type="Currently amended] Transmitting and receiving a direct sequence modulated radio frequency signal with a reverse link channel code and a forward link channel code, respectively, and
Using the radio frequency signal, a signaling message from a set of signaling messages, including signaling messages related to the forward and reverse link interfaces and also including signaling messages related to establishing a telecommunications network connection according to the GSM GSM A-interface technology. The subscriber device performing the step of processing.
[18" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of processing signaling messages in a base station subsystem, the method comprising:
Transparently transmitting the direct transmission application signaling message received from the subscriber device to the mobile switching center for mobile communication, and
Internally processing the code division multiple access signaling message received from the subscriber device.
[19" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 18,
(c) sending a direct transmission application signaling message received from the GSM mobile switching center to the subscriber device directly;
(d) internally processing a base station subsystem mobile application message received from the GSM mobile switching center.
[20" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 18, wherein step (a),
(a.1) receiving a signaling message from the subscriber device,
(a.2) determining whether the signaling message is a transmission message,
(a.3) placing any component of the signaling message into a direct transport application signaling message, and
(a.4) transmitting the direct transmission application format message to the GSM mobile switching center.
[21" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of processing signaling messages in a base station subsystem, the method comprising:
(a) transparently transmitting a direct transmission application signaling message received from the GSM mobile switching center to the subscriber device, and
(b) internally processing a base station subsystem mobile application message received from the GSM mobile switching center.
[22" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 21,
Transparently transmitting the direct transmission application signaling message received from the subscriber device to the GSM mobile switching center, and
Internally processing the local signaling message received from the subscriber device.
[23" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 21, wherein the step (a),
(a.1) receiving a signaling message from the GSM mobile switching center,
(a.2) determining whether the signaling message is a direct transmission application part message,
(a.3) placing the signaling message in an internal base station subsystem protocol format transport signaling message, and
(a.4) transmitting the internal base station subsystem protocol format transport signaling message to the subscriber device.
[24" claim-type="Currently amended] Code division multiple access OTA interface, and
And a global system protocol network interface for mobile telecommunications.
[25" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The system of claim 24, wherein the code division multiple access OTA interface is
And a base station transceiver for receiving a radio frequency signal modulated according to a code division multiple access technique.
[26" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The system of claim 24, wherein the code division multiple access OTA interface is
A base station transceiver for transmitting a modulated forward link radio frequency signal in accordance with code division multiple access technology;
And a subscriber station receiving the forward link radio frequency signal.
[27" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 24,
A subscriber station transmitting a reverse link radio frequency signal modulated according to a code division multiple access technique, and
And a base station transceiver for receiving said reverse link radio frequency signal.
[28" claim-type="Currently amended] 27. The system of claim 26 wherein the radio frequency signal is modulated according to a code division multiple access technique.
[29" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 24,
And the code division multiple access OTA interface comprises a forward link radio frequency signal modulated according to a code division multiple access technique and a reverse link radio frequency signal modulated according to a code division multiple access technique.
[30" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 24,
And wherein said code division multiple access OTA interface comprises a direct sequence of forward link radio frequency signals modulated with a forward link channel code and a reverse sequence of reverse link radio frequency signals modulated with a reverse link channel code.
[31" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The system of claim 24 wherein the forward link signal is also a direct sequence modulated with a forward link spreading code and the reverse link signal is also a direct sequence modulated with a reverse link spreading code.
[32" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The system of claim 24 wherein the code division multiple access OTA interface comprises a radio frequency signal that is a direct sequence modulated with a reverse link channel code.
[33" claim-type="Currently amended] 33. The system of claim 32 wherein the forward link signal is also a direct sequence modulated with a forward link spreading code, and the reverse spread code is also a direct sequence modulated with a reverse link spreading code.
[34" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The system of claim 24 wherein the GSM network interface comprises a signaling system number 7 interface through which a GSM GSM A-interface message signaling message is transmitted.
[35" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The wireless telecommunications system of claim 24, wherein the GSM network interface comprises a wired connection in which a data packet comprising a GSM GSM A-Interface signaling message is transmitted.
[36" claim-type="Currently amended] 25. The system of claim 24 wherein the GSM network interface comprises a set of data packets including a message signaling device, a link signaling device, and a fill-in signaling device.
[37" claim-type="Currently amended] 37. The system of claim 36 wherein the message signaling device further comprises a routing label.
[38" claim-type="Currently amended] 37. The system of claim 36 wherein the set of data packets is separated by a flag comprising six consecutive logical high values.
[39" claim-type="Currently amended] 37. The system of claim 36 wherein the message signaling device further comprises a service information octet indicating a particular user portion.
[40" claim-type="Currently amended] As a method of operating the interface system,
(a) receiving a page message,
(b) forming a bidirectional interface between the base station transceiver and the subscriber device;
(c) negotiating a telecommunications network connection with said subscriber device via said bidirectional interface.
[41" claim-type="Currently amended] 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the bidirectional interface is capable of transmitting sufficient data to make a telephone call.
[42" claim-type="Currently amended] As a method of operating the interface system,
(a) receiving signaling messages each having contents;
(b) transparently transmitting the contents of the signaling message if the signaling message is a direct transmission application part message, and
(c) if the message is a base station subsystem mobile application message, processing the signaling message based on the content.
[43" claim-type="Currently amended] A signaling message processing system for transparently transmitting a signaling message if the signaling message is a direct transmission application message and processing the signaling message based on the content if the message is a base station subsystem mobile application message; and
A base station subsystem comprising a radio frequency signal processing system for forming a radio frequency interface using radio frequency signals processed according to code division multiple access signal processing techniques.
[44" claim-type="Currently amended] A base station subsystem for use in a wireless telecommunications system,
Means for transparently exchanging a first set of signaling messages between the subscriber device and the mobile switching center;
Selector means for transparently passing a direct transmission application message received from a telecommunications network to the subscriber device and transparently passing a direct transmission application message received from the subscriber device to the telecommunications network;
Interface means for transparently passing a direct transmission application message received from a telecommunications network to a subscriber device and transparently passing a direct transmission application message received from the subscriber device to the telecommunications network, and
Means for configuring said base station subsystem in response to a second set of signaling messages from said mobile switching center and said subscriber device.
[45" claim-type="Currently amended] A memory system for storing a set of software instructions, and
And a processor system for generating an output signaling message in response to an input signaling message and a software indication of the set.
[46" claim-type="Currently amended] 46. The base station controller interface system of claim 45 wherein the set of output signaling messages consists of a paging message generated according to a GSM format.
[47" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 46, wherein the output signaling message,
Page messages,
A set of traffic channel interface setup signaling messages, and
A base station controller interface system comprising a set of telecommunications network setup signaling messages.
[48" claim-type="Currently amended] 48. The base station controller interface system of claim 47 wherein the set of input messages comprises an allocation request and the set of output messages comprises a vocoder resource allocation message.
[49" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of processing a GSM protocol signaling message,
(a) generating a first set of signaling messages for initiating the procedure to form a radio frequency interface with the subscriber device; and
(b) generating a second set of signaling messages for initiating the procedure to establish a telecommunications network connection to said subscriber device.
[50" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The method of claim 49, wherein step (a) is performed in response to a page message generated according to the GSM protocol.
[51" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The method of claim 49, wherein the radio frequency interface consists of a radio frequency signal modulated according to a code division multiple access technique and transmitted from a base station transceiver to the subscriber device.
[52" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The radio frequency interface of claim 49, wherein the radio frequency interface comprises a forward link radio frequency signal transmitted from a base station transceiver modulated according to a code division multiple access technique to the subscriber device and a reverse link radio frequency signal transmitted from the subscriber device to the base station transceiver. Characterized in that the method.
[53" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The method of claim 49, wherein the radio frequency signal interface consists of a forward link traffic channel capable of transmitting sufficient data to transmit the forward link portion of a wireless telecommunications communication.
[54" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The method of claim 49, wherein the radio frequency signal interface consists of a forward link traffic channel capable of transmitting sufficient data to perform voice information associated with a telephone conversation.
[55" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The method of claim 49, wherein said radio frequency signal interface comprises a forward link traffic channel having an average transmission rate higher than 4800 kilobits per second of data.
[56" claim-type="Currently amended] 50. The method of claim 49, wherein said telecommunications network connection passes through said radio frequency signal interface.
[57" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 49, wherein step (b) comprises:
Generating a signaling message for allocating call processing resources in response to the GSM signaling message.
[58" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 49, wherein step (b) comprises:
Generating a first set of signaling messages for allocating signal modulation resources in response to a call processing message generated according to the GSM protocol.
[59" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 49, wherein step (b) comprises:
Generating a subset of signaling messages from the second set of signaling messages to secure a network connection from the subscriber device after receiving a call progress message generated according to a GSM protocol.
[60" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 49, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b.1) generating a first subset signaling message from said second set of messages for sending direct transfer application message content to said subscriber device; and
(b.2) generating a signaling message of a second subset for allocated resources to provide said network connection.
[61" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 49, wherein step (a) comprises:
Characterized in that it is performed in response to a paging message occurring according to the GSM protocol.
[62" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of interfacing subscriber devices with a global protocol telecommunications network for mobile communications, comprising:
(a) generating a signaling message for initializing a code division multiple access radio frequency signal in response to a call request received from the subscriber device, and
(b) generating a signaling message for establishing a network connection according to the GSM A-interface.
[63" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of operating a wireless subscriber device,
(a) forming a bidirectional interface using a radio frequency signal modulated according to a code division multiple access technique, and
(b) forming a network connection by processing and responding to a set of signaling messages associated with the GSM A-Interface protocol.
[64" claim-type="Currently amended] 64. The method of claim 63, wherein the set of signaling messages consists of direct transmission application signaling messages.
[65" claim-type="Currently amended] 65. The method of claim 64, wherein step (a) comprises:
Generating a signaling message for initiating a bidirectional interface setup procedure;
Performing forward link signal acquisition, and
Generating a reverse link signal for acquisition by a receiving system.
[66" claim-type="Currently amended] 66. The method of claim 65, wherein step (b)
Transmitting a first set of signaling messages for controlling said network connection in a transport frame carried on said reverse signal, and
And transmitting a second set of signaling messages for controlling the OTA interface in a second set of frames on the reverse link signal.
[67" claim-type="Currently amended] A digital signal processing system for demodulating the forward link signal in accordance with code division multiple access technology, and
And a control system constituting the signal processing system and generating a set of output signaling messages.
[68" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 67, wherein the control system,
An interface controller that receives a first set of input signaling messages carried on an untransmitted frame, and
And a network controller for receiving a second set of input signaling messages in a transmission frame carried on the forward link signal.
[69" claim-type="Currently amended] 69. The wireless subscriber device of claim 68 wherein the digital signal processing system modulates data for transmission via a reverse link radio frequency signal.
[70" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 69,
The interface controller generates the first set of output signaling messages in a set of untransmitted frames for transmission on the reverse radio frequency signal,
And wherein said network controller generates a second set of output signaling messages in a transmission frame for transmission on said reverse radio frequency signal.

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引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
1995-12-20|Priority to US08/575,413

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1995-12-20|Priority to US08/575,413

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1995-12-20|Priority to US8/575,413

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1996-12-18|Application filed by 밀러 럿셀 비, 퀄컴 인코포레이티드

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2000-11-06|Publication of KR20000064508A

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2004-07-31|Application granted

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2004-07-31|Publication of KR100427839B1

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US08/575,413|US5878036A|1995-12-20|1995-12-20|Wireless telecommunications system utilizing CDMA radio frequency signal modulation in conjunction with the GSM A-interface telecommunications network protocol|

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US08/575,413|1995-12-20|

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US8/575,413|1995-12-20|