• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    PURPOSE: A coated cemented carbide cutting insert is provided which has a substrate with a porosity of greater than C00 and less than or equal to C02 wherein there is a zone of non-stratified, i.e., generally homogeneous, binder enrichment beginning near and extending inwardly from a peripheral surface of the substrate. CONSTITUTION: A cutting insert comprises a rake face and a flank face wherein there is a cutting edge at the juncture of the rake face and the flank face. The cutting insert has a coating and a substrate wherein the coating is adherently bonded to the substrate. The substrate is a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide wherein there is a zone of non-stratified cobalt enrichment beginning near and extending inwardly from a peripheral surface of the substrate. The bulk substrate has a porosity of greater than C00 and less than or equal to C02.
    公开号:KR20000049076A
    申请号:KR1019990703151
    申请日:1997-07-18
    公开日:2000-07-25
    发明作者:조지 피. 그랩
    申请人:케나메탈 아이엔씨.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Cutting tool inserts {CUTTING TOOL INSERT}
    Until now, Kennametal KC850 with C03 / C05 porosity substrates with surface binder reinforced regions Coated cutting inserts (KC850 is a registered trademark of cutting inserts from Kennametal I.C., Latrove, Pennsylvania, USA, 15650). This binder reinforcement is a binder reinforcement in a layered form, meaning that binder reinforcement is formed in separate layers of the binder metal. Nemeth et al., “The Microstructural Features and Cutting Performance of the High Edge Strength Kennametal Grade KC850,” Proceedings of Tenth Plansee Seminar, Reutte, Tyrol, Austria, Metalwerke Plansee AG (1981), pp. 613-627 says “Kenametal KC850 Coated cutting tool (or insert) is disclosed. “Kenametal KC850” Coated cutting inserts have a three-step coating of TiC-TiCN-TiN, according to US Pat. No. 4,035,541 entitled "Sintered Cemented Carbide Body Coated with Three Layers" to Smith et al.
    The present invention provides a non-stratified region, i.e., C00 or more, wherein there is an overall homogeneous binder enrichment region starting near the periphery surface of the substrate and extending inwardly from the periphery surface of the substrate. And a coated cemented carbide cutting insert with a substrate having a porosity less than or equal to C02 (see ASTM designation B 276-86 entitled “Standard Test Method for Apparent Porosity in Cemented Carbides”).
    The following is a brief description of the drawings constituting a part of the present invention.
    1 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of an SPGN 432 style cutting insert.
    2 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1 taken along line 2-2.
    3 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of an SPGN 433 style cutting insert.
    4 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 3 taken along line 4-4.
    The present invention relates to a cutting insert comprising a rake face and a flank face and having a cutting edge at the junction of the rake face and the flank face. The cutting insert has a coating material and a substrate, the coating material is firmly bonded to the substrate. The substrate is tungsten with about 3-12 weight percent cobalt, about 12 weight percent or less tantalum, about 6 weight percent or less niobium, about 10 weight percent or less titanium and the bulk composition of the remaining tungsten and carbon. Carbide base cemented carbide. There is an unlayered cobalt strengthening region starting near the peripheral surface of the substrate and extending inwardly from the peripheral surface of the substrate. The unlayered reinforcement region has an A porosity, the bulk substrate is at least C00 and has a porosity of C02 or less or C02.
    Referring to the drawings, in FIG. 1 a particular embodiment of the present invention is shown as a splittable cutting insert 10. The cutting insert 10 has a cutting edge 12 at the junction of the flank face 16 and the rake face 14. Although the cutting insert 10 shown in FIG. 1 is in the SPGN 432 style with the chamfered cutting edges, the present applicant can determine whether the invention has a chamfered cutting edge or no chamfered cutting edges. Regardless of the style of cutting inserts are included.
    FIG. 2 shows a cross section at the cutting edge 12 of the cutting insert 10 taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1. Substrate 18 is an area 20 that is not reinforced with a binder, that is, an area that includes the central portion (or bulk region) of the substrate and an outer side (or surrounding) near the perimeter boundaries 24 and 26 of the substrate. It has a binder reinforced region 22. The outer binder reinforced region 22 represents binder strengthening in an unlayered form. In other words, the binder reinforced region 22 is very homogeneous throughout. This is one binder, as discussed by Kobori et al. In Powder and Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 129-133 (April 1987), entitled “Binder Enriched Layer Formed Near the Surface of Cemented Carbide”. It is distinguished from the layered binder reinforcement region formed as layers forming another layer on the layer of.
    In a preferred embodiment, the substrate 18 is a tungsten carbide base cemented carbide substrate comprising at least 70 weight percent tungsten carbide, more preferably at least 80 weight percent tungsten carbide. The binder is preferably of cobalt or cobalt alloy and preferably has a bulk concentration of 3-12 weight percent. More preferably, the bulk cobalt content is from about 5 to about 8 weight percent. Most preferably, the bulk cobalt content is from about 5.6 to about 7.5 weight percent.
    Substrate 18 also includes solid carbide and / or carbonitride forming elements such as titanium, hafnium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum and vanadium, which elements may be titanium, niobium and tantalum alone or in combination with one another or with tungsten. It is preferably selected from. These elements are preferably added to the mixture as carbides, nitrides and / or carbonitrides, more preferably as nitrides, most preferably as tantalum (niobium) carbides and titanium nitrides. The concentration of these elements is preferably 12 wt% or less tantalum, 10 wt% or less titanium and 4 wt% or less niobium. More preferably, the sum of tantalum content and niobium content is about 3 to 7 weight percent, and the titanium content is about 0.5 to 5 weight percent. Most preferably, the sum of tantalum content and niobium content is about 5.0 to 5.9 weight percent, and the titanium content is about 1.7 to 2.3 weight percent.
    In the bulk region 20 of the substrate 18, these elements (ie, titanium, hafnium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum and vanadium), to at least to some extent, preferably most of them, Solid solution carbide and / or solid solution carbonitride. In the reinforced region 22, the solid carbide and / or carbonitride is totally or partially depleted such that tungsten carbide and cobalt comprise most of the composition of the binder reinforced region 22.
    Within the binder reinforced region 22, the binder (eg cobalt) content should be at a maximum of about 125 to 300 percent. A more preferred range of reinforced binder is about 150 to 300 percent of the bulk binder content. The most preferred range of reinforced binders is from about 200 to about 300 percent of the bulk cobalt concentration of the substrate.
    Preferably, the binder reinforced region 22 extends to the peripheral surfaces 24 and 26 of the substrate. Optionally, the cobalt content is reduced due to evaporation during sintering of the substrate, such that a thin layer of binder (eg, cobalt) strengthened region 22 extends near the peripheral surfaces 24 and 26 of the substrate 18. It may be adjacent to the peripheral surfaces 24, 26. The thickness of the binder reinforced region is preferably about 50 micrometers (μm) or less.
    On the peripheral surfaces 24 and 26 of the substrate are bonded rigid coatings 29 which preferably have one or more layers applied by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or a combination of CVD and physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques. MT CVD (medium temperature CVD) technology can be used to add a layer, such as a titanium carbonitride layer. Such layers may include a base layer 30, an intermediate layer 32, and an outer layer 34. In Figure 2, the layers are shown having different thicknesses, it should be understood that this is for illustration only. The thickness of each layer 30, 32, 34 depends on the particular use of the cutting insert.
    Substrate 30 is deposited directly on surfaces 24 and 26 of substrate 30. The thickness of the base layer 30 preferably varies between about 3 micrometers (μm) and about 6 μm. The composition of the base layer may vary, but preferred compositions may include, for example, titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride and titanium nitride. The intermediate layer 32 is deposited directly on the surface of the base layer 30. The thickness of the interlayer 32 varies between about 2 μm and about 5 μm. Although the composition of the intermediate layer (s) may vary, preferred compositions may include titanium carbonitride, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, alumina, titanium aluminum nitride, and combinations thereof. The outer layer 34 is deposited directly on the surface of the intermediate layer 32. The thickness of the outer layer 32 varies between about 1.5 μm and about 4 μm. The composition of the outer layer may vary, but preferred compositions may include titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, titanium aluminum nitride and alumina.
    While the above specification has described suitable subjects for the coating layers, suitable coating schemes use a base coating of titanium carbide, an intermediate coating of titanium carbonitride and an outer coating of titanium nitride.
    US Pat. No. 4,035,541 to Smith et al. Discloses a three layer coating that can be used for the cutting insert shown in FIG. In addition, the coating scheme can be used for CVD and PVD processes such as Stanthanam's U.S. Patent No. 5,250,367 entitled "Binder Enriched CVD and PVD Coated Cutting Insert" and Stanthanam's U.S. Patent No. 5,266,388 named "Binder Enriched Coated Cutting Insert". It can be added by a combination of. Applicant hereby incorporated by reference herein US Pat. No. 4,035,541 to Smith et al., US Pat. No. 5,250,367 to Stanthanam and US Pat. No. 5,266,388 to Stanthanam.
    As shown in FIG. 2, for cutting inserts used for milling, a binder reinforced region 22 under a peripheral area disposed parallel to the rake face 14 and the flank face 16 of the cutting insert 10. Is preferably present. In other applications, for example turning, it is expected that the hardened area is removed from the other faces (eg by grinding) so that there is only a hardened area under the rake face. In this regard, the cutting insert 40 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which is a SNG 433 style cutting insert, provides a microstructure in which there is an enhanced area only below the rake face.
    3 and 4, the cutting insert 40 has four flank faces 42, the flank faces 42 having one rake face 44 and the above to form eight cutting edges. It intersects with the other rake face (not shown) opposite from the rake face 44. The cutting insert 40 has a substrate 49 having a peripheral area 52 of the rake face and a peripheral area 54 of the flank face. The substrate 49 has a binder reinforced layer 56 near the bulk portion 50 that comprises most of the substrate 49 and the peripheral region 52 of the rake face. The binder reinforcement is missing from the bulk portion 49 which includes the volume near the peripheral region 54.
    The substrate 49 for the cutting insert 40 is of substantially the same composition as the substrate for the cutting insert 10. The level of binder reinforcement is also approximately the same as the binder reinforcement for cutting insert 10 for cutting insert 40. The basic coating scheme for the cutting insert 40 (shown in parentheses of 59) is also largely the same as for the cutting insert 10. In this regard, the cutting insert 40 has a base coating layer 60, an intermediate coating layer 62 and an outer coating layer 64.
    Although the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples, the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Example 1 of the present invention is described with reference to Comparative Examples 1-3.
    For Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention, the base powder included about 5.8 weight percent cobalt, about 5.2 weight percent tantalum, about 2.0 weight percent titanium, with the remainder being tungsten and carbon. Titanium was added in the form of titanium nitride. Tantalum was added in the form of tantalum carbide. Tungsten was added as tungsten carbide and tungsten, and carbon was added in the form of tungsten metal and carbon black. As shown in Table 1 below, the mixture was loaded for various levels of carbon.
    Table 1
    Level of Carbon Charged in Examples
    ExampleComparative Example 1Comparative Example 2Comparative Example 3Example 1 of the present invention Charged carbon (% by weight)5.925.986.015.95
    A 5 kg mixture loading for each example was applied to a steel mill ego of 7.5 inches inside and 9 inches with 21 kg of 3/8 inch diameter cemented carbide cycloid and heptanes relative to the top of the jar. The mixture was spun for 40 hours at a speed of 52 revolutions per minute (rpm) at room temperature. The slurry from each loading was dried, paraffin was added as a fugitive binder, and the powder was granulated to provide sufficient fluidity. The granulated powder was compressed into an SNG 433 style cutting insert blank and sintered at 2650 ° F. (1456 ° C.) for about 30 minutes under vacuum. This cutting insert substrate is then furnace cooled.
    The rake face is then ground and the cutting insert blank is reheated at 2650 ° F (1456 ° C) for about 60 minutes under vacuum, then 100 ° F (50 ° F) per hour until it reaches 2100 ° F (1149 ° C). Controlled cooling of ° C) is achieved. Table II below shows the properties of the substrate obtained after reheating.
    Table II
    Compositions and Physical Properties of Comparative Examples and Examples of the Present Invention
    Properties / ExamplesComparative Example 1Comparative Example 2Comparative Example 3Example 1 of the present inventionKennametal KC850 Grade Mag. Sat (Gauss-cm 3 / g cobalt155158158158158 H c (ersted)146142148149160 Hardness (Rockwell A)91.591.391.491.391.6 Depth of Binder Reinforcement (μm)3240424520
    Thereafter, the cutting insert blank was ground and chamfered around the rake face of the obtained substrate while the flank facet had no cobalt reinforcement. The cutting insert blank was then coated with a three phase coating according to US Pat. No. 4,035,541. The substrate was titanium carbide applied to the thickness of 4.5 micrometers (μm) by CVD. The middle was titanium carbonitride applied to a thickness of 3.5 μm by CVD. The top was titanium nitride applied to a thickness of 3.0 μm via CVD.
    Turning operations for the Comparative Example and the Examples of the present invention were performed according to the test procedure described below:
    Material: AISI 4340 Steel (300BHN)
    Turning condition:
    450 sfm (surface feet per minute) [137.2 surface meters per minute] or 550 sfm [167.8 surface meters per minute], feedrates (0.008 centimeters per revolution) and 0.020 ipr (inches per revolution) and doc (cutting depth) of 0.1 inches (0.254 centimeters)
    Coolant: TrimSol Regular (20%)
    Radial horn (0.003 in) [0.0076 cm] Insert style SNG-433 with corners
    Insert Life Criteria
    Maximum flank wear = 0.030 inches (0.076 centimeters)
    Uniform flank wear = 0.015 inches (0.038 centimeters)
    Chip = 0.030 in (0.076 cm)
    Crater wear (depth) = 0.004 inches (0.010 cm)
    Nose wear = 0.030 inches (0.076 centimeters)
    Cutting Notch Depth = 0.030 in (0.076 cm)
    Turning of the comparative example and the examples of the present invention was also carried out according to the procedure described below:
    Material: AISI 1045 Steel (210BHN)
    Turning condition:
    750sfm (228.8 surface meters per minute)
    0.020 ipr (0.008 centimeters per revolution)
    0.1 inch (0.254 cm) doc (cutting depth)
    Coolant: Trimsol Regular (20%)
    Radial horn (0.003 in) [0.0076 cm] Insert style SNG-433 with corners
    Insert Life Criteria
    Maximum flank wear = 0.030 inches (0.076 centimeters)
    Uniform flank wear = 0.015 inches (0.038 centimeters)
    Chip = 0.030 in (0.076 cm)
    Crater wear (depth) = 0.004 inches (0.010 cm)
    Nose wear = 0.030 inches (0.076 centimeters)
    Cutting Notch Depth = 0.030 in (0.076 cm)
    The impact strength of the comparative example and the examples of the present invention was done according to the slotted bar (41L50 steel) turning test procedure described below:
    Speed: 350sfm (106.8 surface meters per minute)
    Depth of cut = 0.1 inch (0.254 cm)
    Feed rate = The initial feed rate was 0.015 inches per revolution (0.038 centimeters per revolution), and at a feed rate of 0.05 inches per revolution (0.127 centimeters per revolution), either up to 800 impacts or until the test failed, whichever occurred first Regardless, the feed rate increased to 0.005 inches per revolution (0.0127 centimeters per revolution) every 100 impacts.
    Table III below shows the test results of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and Example 1 of the present invention.
    Table III
    Insert Life and Edge Strength Test Results for Comparative Examples 1-3 and Example 1 of the Present Invention
    Example / characteristicPorosity ratingEdge Strength (Shock Count1045 steel 750sfm (min)4340 steel 450sfm (min)4340 steel 550sfm (min) Comparative Example 1CO063513.724.110.6 Comparative Example 2CO380010.720.79.5 Comparative Example 3CO48005.617.67.1 "Kenametal KC850" coated cutting insertCO3 / CO58005.318.757.2 Example 1 of the present inventionCO280013.124.110.5
    Porosity grades for Table III are in accordance with ASTM designation B276-86, entitled “Standard Test Method for Apparent Porosity in Cemented Carbides”. The depth of the binder reinforcing agent is determined by optically testing the cross section of the test piece through a metal microscope at a magnification of 1500 times.
    Edge strength represents the number of impacts until the test is determined or broken at 800 impacts through the slotted bar test described above. Turning test results represent the insert tool life in minutes from the test procedure above.
    The data in Table III shows very clearly that Example 1 of the present invention has an excellent slotted bar edge strength (800 impacts). It also demonstrates excellent tool life in turning 1045 and 4340 steels. The overall metal cutting performance of Example 1 of the present invention was evaluated in all other examples presented (ie, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and “Kenametal KC850 Have the same edge strength as the coated cutting insert.
    In addition to good edge strength, Example 1 of the present invention also showed good 1045 steel tool life compared to other high carbon examples. Example 1 of the present invention, 10.7 minutes of Comparative Example 2, 5.6 minutes of Comparative Example 3, and "Kenametal KC850 It had a tool life of 13.1 minutes compared to 5.3 minutes of coated cutting inserts. The tool life of the 4340 steel of Example 1 of the present invention is also higher than that of carbon examples (ie, Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and “Kenametal KC850”. Better tool life than other (800 impact) edge strength of coated cutting inserts. Although 4340 and 1045 steel tool life is equivalent to or slightly lower than Comparative Example 1 of lower carbon, Example 1 of the present invention withstands 800 impacts compared to 635 impacts of Comparative Example 1 It has excellent edge strength at that point.
    The present invention, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and "Kenametal KC850 It is very clear to provide cutting inserts with improved properties over coated cutting inserts. These improved properties are particularly evident with regard to the impact strength and wear resistance seen in the intermittent and continuous turning of the steel as set out above.
    All patents and other documents related to this application are incorporated herein by reference.
    Other embodiments of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification or examples of the invention disclosed herein. The specification and examples of the present invention are exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention will be defined by the claims that follow.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] A cutting edge at the junction of the rake face and the flank face and the rake face and the flank face; As a cutting insert comprising:
    The cutting insert has a coating material and a substrate on which the coating material is firmly bonded to the substrate;
    The substrate comprises a bulk composition comprising from about 3 to 12 weight percent cobalt, up to about 12 weight percent tantalum, up to about 6 weight percent niobium, up to about 10 weight percent titanium and the remaining tungsten, nitrogen and carbon ( tungsten carbide base cemented carbide with a bulk composition;
    Cobalt concentration is enhanced in unlayered cobalt strengthening regions starting near the peripheral surface of the substrate and extending inwardly from the peripheral surface of the substrate, wherein the strengthened region is at a maximum cobalt concentration of about 125 to 300 percent of the cobalt of the bulk substrate. With;
    The bulk substrate is a cutting insert having a porosity of C00 or more and C02 or less or C02.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The substrate of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises about 5.6 to 7.5 weight percent cobalt, about 5.0 to 5.5 weight percent tantalum, about 1.7 to about 2.3 weight percent titanium, about 0.4 weight percent or less niobium and the remaining tungsten, carbon And a cutting insert having a bulk composition comprising nitrogen.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert of claim 1 wherein said hardened region has a maximum cobalt content of about 150 to about 300 percent of cobalt of said bulk substrate.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the hardened region has a maximum cobalt content of about 200 to about 300 percent of cobalt of the bulk substrate.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the unlayered cobalt reinforcement region extends from a peripheral surface to a depth of about 40 micrometers to 50 micrometers.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert of claim 1, wherein the substrate has a bulk composition comprising about 5.8 weight percent cobalt, about 5.2 weight percent tantalum, about 2.0 weight percent titanium, and the remaining tungsten and carbon.
    [7" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is formed by sintering a press-fitted mass of initial powder.
    [8" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The cutting insert according to claim 7, wherein said initial powder comprises titanium nitride.
    [9" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert of claim 7 wherein the initial powder comprises titanium carbide.
    [10" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The cutting insert of claim 7 wherein the initial powder comprises niobium carbide.
    [11" claim-type="Currently amended] The cutting insert of claim 7 wherein the initial powder comprises tungsten carbide.
    [12" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The cutting insert of claim 7, wherein said initial powder comprises carbon.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU711761B2|1999-10-21|
    AT255171T|2003-12-15|
    EP0932705B1|2003-11-26|
    KR100326638B1|2002-03-04|
    JP2000514371A|2000-10-31|
    WO1998016664A1|1998-04-23|
    DE932705T1|2000-04-06|
    US5955186A|1999-09-21|
    AU4042697A|1998-05-11|
    JP3448304B2|2003-09-22|
    ES2135364T3|2004-07-01|
    BR9711914A|1999-08-24|
    CN1073168C|2001-10-17|
    ES2135364T1|1999-11-01|
    CA2266382C|2004-02-24|
    DE69726445D1|2004-01-08|
    CA2266382A1|1998-04-23|
    EP0932705A1|1999-08-04|
    CN1233295A|1999-10-27|
    DE69726445T2|2004-11-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1996-10-15|Priority to US08/732,571
    1996-10-15|Priority to US8/732,571
    1996-10-15|Priority to US08/732,571
    1997-07-18|Application filed by 케나메탈 아이엔씨.
    2000-07-25|Publication of KR20000049076A
    2002-03-04|Application granted
    2002-03-04|Publication of KR100326638B1
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US08/732,571|US5955186A|1996-10-15|1996-10-15|Coated cutting insert with A C porosity substrate having non-stratified surface binder enrichment|
    US8/732,571|1996-10-15|
    US08/732,571|1996-10-15|
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