• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to (2) a device for measuring the characteristics of a flow (F), comprising a rod (4) extending in a given direction (A) and carrying first means (6) for measuring the characteristics of a a flow (F), and second flow characteristic measuring means (8) (F), the first means (6) being fixed with respect to the rod (4) and the second means (8) being movably mounted along said direction (A), the device (2) also comprising means for adjusting the axial position of the second measuring means (8) in the direction (A).
    公开号:FR3051044A1
    申请号:FR1654100
    申请日:2016-05-06
    公开日:2017-11-10
    发明作者:Arco Serge Del
    申请人:SNECMA SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DEVICE FOR MEASURING CHARACTERISTICS OF A FLOW
    The present invention relates to a device for measuring the characteristics of a flow, in particular a flow of air circulating in an annular secondary air stream of a turbomachine such as a turbojet engine or a turboprop engine.
    In order to validate and certify the veins of turbomachines, tests and measurements are performed in particular on the veins in which the flow of air circulates.
    For carrying out tests and measurements, measuring devices are used, each device being adapted to measure a particular characteristic of the air flow.
    The French patent application FR 2 952 713 in the name of the applicant describes a measuring device comprising a base formed at one end of the rod which extends in a given direction between two radially inner and outer coaxial annular walls, means of measuring the characteristics of the air flow circulating between the inner and outer annular walls being carried by the rod. The measuring means are prepositioned along the rod so that they are positioned at the desired radial measurement position in the annular vein.
    Thus, to measure different characteristics of the same air flow, it is necessary to use several different measuring devices, that is to say several different instrumented rods, and to mount each of these devices in the annular vein of air, one after the other. In practice, the positioning of the measuring means on each rod must respect a precise edge chain to ensure accurate placement of said measuring means at desired radial positions in the vein.
    One solution could have been to integrate several types of measuring means on the same rod. However, this would require a greater accuracy in the positioning of the different measuring means to compensate for additional accumulation of tolerances due to the added measuring means. Therefore, assembly and disassembly operations are long and tedious.
    In addition, the multiplication of the number of measuring devices generates aerodynamic disturbances in the flow of air flow in the vein that can alter the measured values. The invention aims in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to this problem. For this purpose, the invention proposes, in the first place, a device for measuring the characteristics of a flow, comprising a rod extending in a given direction and carrying first means for measuring characteristics of a flow, and second means for measuring the characteristics of a flow, the first means being fixed with respect to the rod, characterized in that the second means are movably mounted along said direction and in that it comprises means for adjusting the axial position of the second measuring means in said direction.
    According to the invention, the measuring device, commonly known as a measuring device, comprises first and second measuring means which allow each of them to measure different characteristics of the same air flow. The mobility of the second measuring means makes it possible to combine in the same measuring device two different types of measuring means, each having to be mounted at specific locations in an air stream. Thus, it is possible to use a single device, instead of two different devices as in the prior art, and to adjust the position of the second measuring means independently of the first measuring means so that the second measuring means are properly positioned as a function of the characteristic to be measured.
    Advantageously, said adjustment means comprise a support carrying the second measuring means and which is slidably mounted in a housing of the rod.
    The sliding of the support carrying the second measuring means makes it possible to position all the second measuring means simultaneously, simply and rapidly, independently of the first means.
    According to one embodiment, the housing of the rod has, when viewed in a cutting plane containing at said direction, an L shape. In combination with an L-shaped support, the L-shaped housing ensures a good guiding the support during its movement in the housing.
    To ensure the displacement of the support in the housing, the support comprises a tapped hole and the rod comprises a bore opening at one end in said direction in the housing, the bore being traversed by a screw engaging with the threaded hole of the support to allow the movement of the support in the housing. The use of the screw combined with a tapped hole and a bore as indicated above makes it possible to transform the rotational movement of the screw into a translation movement of the support ensuring the displacement of the latter in the housing of the rod.
    Preferably, the bore may lead into a counterbore at an end opposite the housing, in said direction, so as to form a bearing surface of the screw head.
    For attachment to a wall of a duct in which the flow to be measured flows, the rod is secured to a base comprising means for attachment to said wall. Fixing the measuring device is then simplified. Said second means are arranged, in said direction, between the first means and the base.
    It is proposed, secondly, an annular turbomachine stream, comprising two coaxial annular radially inner and radially outer walls, comprising a measuring device as previously described. The presence of the measuring device in the vein makes it possible to reduce the number of measuring devices for measuring different characteristics of an air flow circulating in the annular vein. As a result, the disturbance of the airflow flowing in the annular vein is reduced.
    It is proposed, thirdly, a turbomachine, such as a turbojet or a turboprop, comprising an annular vein according to the preceding claim.
    Finally, there is provided a method of mounting a turbomachine as described above, the method comprising the steps of: - introducing the rod into the vein through one of the radially inner annular wall and the annular wall radially external, - secure the rod with said annular wall, and - adjust the axial position of the second means in said direction of the rod.
    This method makes it possible to quickly and easily set up and adjust a measuring device in a vein of a turbomachine in order to perform validation or certification tests of the turbomachine.
    In addition, in order to further limit the impact of the measuring device on the flow of the air flow, a step of introducing into the rod, a resin or a foam may be performed when the position of the second measuring means will be adjusted. The foam or resin fills the housing around the second measuring means so as to avoid creating a cavity in which the air can rush and create turbulence in the air flow. The invention will be better understood and other details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a view in perspective from above of a device for measuring characteristics of a flow, according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a turbomachine vein comprising a plurality of devices according to the invention; - Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the attachment of a measuring device on a wall of a vein in which flows the fluid to be measured; - Figure 4 is a perspective view on a larger scale of a device retaining means; FIG. 5 is a sectional view along an axial plane, showing displaceable measuring means, and FIG. 6 is a view of the interior of a turbomachine air stream comprising a device for measuring the FIG. 1.
    FIG. 1 shows a device 2 for measuring the characteristics of an air flow F, the device 2 comprising a rod 4 extending in a given direction A and bearing first means 6 for measuring characteristics. air flow F, and second means 8 for measuring characteristics of the air flow F different from the first measuring means 6, the first means 6 being fixed with respect to the rod 4 and the second means 8 being movable relative to the rod 4 along said direction A. For the sake of clarity, it will be specified that the expression "direction A" is equivalent to an axis A and does not refer to a particular direction of extension.
    The measuring device 2 is intended to take place in a conduit for measuring characteristics of a flow flowing in this conduit. FIG. 2 schematically shows, by straight lines D, the positioning of several measuring devices 2 in a duct through which a flow passes. In the present case, the duct is an annular vein 10 of a turbomachine 12, such as a turboprop or a turbojet, and the flow flowing in the duct 10 is a flow F of air. The vein 10 is here annular and delimited by two annular walls 14, 16 coaxial, radially inner and radially outer, but could be delimited by a single wall forming a ring or, on the contrary by several butted walls to form a tube of any section.
    The rod 4 then extends between the two walls 14, 16, one end of the rod 4 being rigidly attached to one of the walls 14, 16, as we shall see below, the other end of the rod 4 being free.
    Advantageously, the first measurement means 6 are pressure probes and / or temperature probes which measure the characteristics of the air flow F in a zone separated from the walls 14, 16. The second means 8 are, in turn, so-called boundary layer probes, ie probes measuring the characteristics of the air flow in an area near the wall 14, 16 such as for example the laminar or disturbed flow of the air flow F along a inner side of the walls, turned towards the interior of the vein.
    In order to carry out the measurements in the vein 10, the measuring device 2 passes through the wall 14 and is fixed rigidly to the wall 14 via a rod retaining means 18, the retaining means 18 comprising in particular means 20 for fixing to the wall 14. By way of example, the fastening means 20 are screws which pass through the retaining means 18 and come into helical engagement with a plate 22 integral with the wall 14, 16. The plate 22 is, for example, embedded, welded, riveted or glued to an outer face of the wall 14.
    More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the retaining means 18 is similar to a vise and comprises a sole 24, a first jaw 26 and a second jaw 28, at least one of the jaws 26, 28 being mobile.
    FIG. 3 is made along a plane P-P perpendicular to the air flow F, that is to say a radial plane of a turbomachine stream 12 for example.
    According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the first jaw 26 is integral at one end with the sole 24 and comprises, at an end opposite the sole 24, a flange 30 substantially parallel to the sole 24.
    The second jaw 26 has a parallelepipedal shape and is mounted translational relative to the sole 24 so as to reduce or enlarge the spacing between the first jaw 26 and the second jaw 28 along the sole 24. At an opposite end at the sole 24, the second jaw 28 also comprises a flange 32 opposite the rim 30 of the first jaw 26.
    When the holding means 18 is mounted, the two jaws 26, 28 form with the sole 24 a cavity 34 T-shaped adapted to receive a head of the rod 4 of complementary shape.
    To maintain the rod 4, the retaining means 18 further comprises bolts 36, that is to say screw / nut assemblies, the screws of which each pass through the first jaws 26 and second jaws 28 to bring them closer together. from each other and tighten the head of the rod 4.
    The radial retention of the rod 4 is in particular ensured by an upper surface 30a of the rim 30 of the first jaw 26 and an upper surface 32a of the rim 32 of the second jaw 28.
    The second measuring means 8 are thus arranged, in the direction A, between the retaining means 18 and the first measuring means 6.
    As shown in FIG. 5, the retaining means 18 is furthermore provided with an opening 38 for adjusting the position of the second measurement means 8 and a hole 40 for the passage of cables connecting the measuring means. 6, 8 to an external processing machine. The opening 38 and the hole 40 are made on the sole 24, and open on the rod 4 parallel to the direction A of extension of the rod 4.
    Preferably, the plate 22 comprises a hole 42 traversed by the rod 4 of the measuring device 2 when the latter is mounted in the vein 10.
    When the measuring device 2 is mounted in the vein 10, it is possible for the second measurement means 8 to be too far away from the walls 14, 16 of the vein 10. Also, it is necessary to be able to adjust the distance between the internal face of the wall 14, 16 of the vein 10 and the second measuring means 8. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 5, the measuring device 2 comprises means for adjusting the axial position of the second measuring means 8. The second measurement means 8 are carried by a support 44 of the adjustment means, the support 44 being slidably mounted in a housing 46 of the rod 4.
    Advantageously, the support 44 has, in the plane P of section, parallel to the extension direction A and defining a plane of symmetry of the first measuring means 3, in other words in section, an L shape having a core 48 and a parallelepipedal sole 50 carrying the second measuring means 8. The second measurement means 8 comprise boundary layer probes 52 which are connected to signal transmission cables 54 themselves connected to the processing machine external to the vein 5, the cables 52 passing through both the core 48 and the sole 50 of the support 44.
    The support 44 comprises a tapped hole 56 in which a screw 58 comes into helical engagement to allow the displacement of the support 44 as will be seen below. Preferably, the tapped hole 56 is made in the core 48 of the support and is oriented towards the means 18 for retaining the measuring device 2.
    Finally, the support 44 comprises a pair of pins 60 projecting from the core 48 perpendicularly to the cutting plane P, these pins 60 being movable in a groove formed in the rod 4 to guide the support in a translation movement in the direction A only, and thus prevent a rotation of the support 44 in a plane parallel to the cutting plane P.
    The rod 4 comprises a bore 62 opening, at one end in said direction A, into the housing 46 and a counterbore 64 into which the bore 62 opens, opposite the housing 46 in the direction A, the counterbore 64 and the bore 62 being traversed by the screw 58 in helical engagement with the threaded hole 56 of the support 44 to allow the movement of the support 44 in the housing 46.
    Advantageously, the housing 46 has, in the cutting plane P, an L shape having a first portion 66 substantially parallel to the extension direction A of the rod 4, and a second portion 68 substantially perpendicular to the first portion 66 and opening out of the stem 4.
    The shape of the second portion 68 of the housing 46 is similar to that of the sole 50 of the support 44, however, having greater dimensions so as to allow a translational movement of the support 44 in the housing 46, and in the direction A d extension of the rod 4, a first height H1 much greater than a first height H2 of the sole 50 of the support 44 so that the movement of the support 44 in the housing 46 is a translational movement in the direction A of extension of the stem 4.
    Similarly, the shape of the first portion 66 of the housing is substantially identical to that of the core 48 of the support 44 while having larger dimensions so as to allow the translation of the support 44 in the housing 46. However, the first part 66, according to the direction A of extension of the rod 4, has a second H3 height much greater than a second height H4 of the core 48 of the support 44, in the same direction A extension, so that the stroke of support 44 in the housing 46 is delimited by the abutment of the sole 50 of the support 44 against the upper and lower walls 70, 72 of the second portion 68 of the housing 46.
    The L-shape of the support 44 and the housing 46 as well as the pins 60 make it possible to ensure a good guiding of the support 44 during its displacement and to prevent the support 44 from moving in a rotational movement that would not be desired , in particular a rotation relative to an axis perpendicular to the direction A of extension of the rod 4.
    In addition, the housing 46 has, in at least one of its side walls 74, at least one hole 76 through which, when the support 44 is correctly positioned, a resin or an expansive foam is introduced into the housing 46 to realize a joint between the upper and lower walls 70, 72 of the housing 46 and the support 44.
    To move the support 44 in the housing 46 and bring it closer to or away from the inner face of the wall 14, 16 of the vein 10, is introduced a tool (not shown in the figures), for example a screwdriver, in the opening 38 of the sole 24 of the retaining means 18, the tool then acting on the screw 58. The L-shaped shapes of the support 44 and the housing 46, as well as the pins 60, ensure that the rotational movement of the screw 58 in the threaded hole 56 of the support 44 is converted into a translational movement of the support 44 in the housing 46, in the direction A of extension of the rod 4, the rotation of the support 44 in the housing 46 being annihilated by the coming abutting the support 44 against the side walls 74 of the housing 46.
    To mount the measuring device 2 in the vein 10, as shown in FIG. 6, the procedure is as follows.
    In a first step, the rod 4 of the measuring device 2 is introduced into the vein 10 by passing through the wall 14, 16 and the hole 42 of the plate 22, and the retaining means 18 is brought into contact with the plate 22 and the two jaws 26, 28 are tight on the rod head 4 to ensure its retention by the retaining means 18. Finally, the retaining means 18 is secured to the plate 22 by the fixing means 20. To adjust the depth of penetration of the rod 4 into the vein 10, it is possible to use peelable shims 78, that is to say machinable spacers in order to give them a desired thickness for positioning the rod 4 (and therefore the first measuring means 6) with respect to the center of the vein 10 and / or with respect to the walls 14, 16 of the vein 10.
    In a second step, when the depth of penetration of the rod 4 into the vein 10 is adjusted, the rod 4 is secured via the retaining means 18 to the wall 14, via the plate 22, using the means 20 fixing the retaining means 18.
    In a third step, the axial position of the second measuring means 8 is adjusted with respect to the rod 4 along the direction A. For this purpose, the tool is inserted into the opening 38 of the sole 24 of the retaining means 18. 'to come into engagement with the screw 58 which is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to move the support 44 in the direction A in the housing 46 of the rod 4.
    In a fourth step, a resin or an expansive foam is introduced into the housing 46 via the hole or holes 76 of the lateral walls 74, this foam filling the free space between the support 44 and the various walls 70, 72, 74 of the housing 46 so that the rod 4 has a shape as aerodynamic as possible thus limiting the disturbances in the flow of the flow of air F into the vein 10.
    This method allows a simple and fast assembly of a measuring device 2 in a vein 10 of a turbomachine 6.
    The measuring device 2 which has just been described offers numerous advantages.
    Firstly, such a measuring device 2 makes it possible to combine a plurality of different measuring means 6, 8, each having positioning constraints in the vein in direction A which are specific.
    Secondly, the mobility of the second measuring means 8 makes it possible to refine the positioning of the second measuring means 8 independently of the positioning of the first measurement means 6.
    Thirdly, the combination of the different measuring means 6, 8 on the same rod 4 of a measuring device makes it possible to limit the number of measuring devices 2 to be used in a vein 10 to be validated or certified. This results in a better flow of the air flow F to be measured and thus a better accuracy of the measurements made by the first and second measurement means 6, 8.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Device (2) for measuring the characteristics of a flow (F), comprising a rod (4) extending in a given direction (A) and carrying first means (6) for measuring characteristics of a flow (F), and second means (8) for measuring characteristics of a flow, the first means (6) being fixed with respect to the rod (4), characterized in that the second means (8) are mounted movably along said direction (A) and in that it comprises means for adjusting the axial position of the second measuring means (8) along said direction (A).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Device (2) according to claim 1, wherein said adjusting means comprise a support (44) carrying the second measuring means (8) and which is slidably mounted in a housing (46) of the rod (4). .
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Device (2) according to claim 2, wherein the housing (46) of the rod (4) has, in section, an L-shaped.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Device (2) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the support (44) comprises a threaded hole (56) and the rod (4) comprises a bore (62) opening at one end in said direction (A) in the housing (46), the bore (62) being traversed by a screw (58) engaging the threaded hole (56) of the carrier (44).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Device according to claim 4, wherein the bore (62) opens into a counterbore (64) at an end opposite the housing (46) in said direction (A).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rod (4) is integral with a means (18) for retaining comprising means (20) for fixing the device (2) to a wall ( 14, 16), said second means (4) being arranged in said direction (A) between the first means (3) and the retaining means (18).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. turbomachine ring vein (10), comprising two radially inner and radially outer coaxial annular walls (14, 16), and a measuring device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, the rod (4) of which extends between the two inner and outer annular walls (14, 16), one end of the rod (4) being rigidly attached to one of the radially inner annular wall (14) and the radially annular wall (16). external, the other end of the rod (4) being free.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Turbomachine (12), such as a turbojet or a turboprop, characterized in that it comprises a vein (10) ring according to the preceding claim.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. A method of mounting a turbomachine (12) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - introduce the rod (4) in the vein (10), through one of the radially inner annular wall (14) and the radially outer annular wall (16), - securing the rod (4) with said annular wall (14, 16), and - adjusting the axial position of the second measuring means (8) according to said direction (A) of the rod (4).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein a step of introducing into the rod (4), a resin or a foam is performed when the position of the second measuring means (8) is set.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3051044B1|2019-05-03|
    引用文献:
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    FR561925A|1923-02-08|1923-10-30|A Et L Lemoine Freres|Lathe carriage|
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    US10871402B2|2017-03-31|2020-12-22|Safran Aircraft Engines|Device for measuring the characteristics of an air flow|
    FR3112807A1|2020-07-24|2022-01-28|Safran Aircraft Engines|Support device for means for visualizing a flow in an aircraft engine|
    法律状态:
    2017-04-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-11-10| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20171110 |
    2018-04-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-09-14| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES, FR Effective date: 20180809 |
    2019-04-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-04-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-04-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1654100A|FR3051044B1|2016-05-06|2016-05-06|DEVICE FOR MEASURING CHARACTERISTICS OF A FLOW|
    FR1654100|2016-05-06|FR1654100A| FR3051044B1|2016-05-06|2016-05-06|DEVICE FOR MEASURING CHARACTERISTICS OF A FLOW|
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