• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A control method implemented for an electric motor control installation, said control installation comprising: a first converter (CONV1) comprising controlled switching arms for applying first voltage edges to a first connected electric motor (M1); a first converter (CONV2) having controlled switching arms for applying second voltage edges to a second electric motor (M2) connected to said second converter by second output phases; said control method comprising a step of synchronizing the first voltage edges with the second voltage edges in order to minimize the common mode currents generated by said installation.
    公开号:FR3050337A1
    申请号:FR1653304
    申请日:2016-04-14
    公开日:2017-10-20
    发明作者:Hocine Boulharts；Mehdi Messaoudi；Arnaud Videt
    申请人:Schneider Toshiba Inverter Europe SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical field of the invention
    The present invention relates to a control method implemented for an electric motor control installation and to a control system employed in said installation for implementing said method.
    State of the art
    It is known to employ multiple converter control facilities to control one or more electric motors. Different architectures are thus distinguished: - In a first architecture, the installation comprises at least two converters of the inverter type connected in parallel to the same DC supply bus, each of these inverters being intended for the control of a separate electric motor . In a second architecture, the installation comprises a first converter of active rectifier type connected to the network and a second converter of the inverter type intended for the control of an electric motor.
    Conventionally, the switching times of the transistors of each converter are determined by pulse width modulation (hereinafter MLI). An intersective type MLI consists in comparing a symmetrical or asymmetrical triangular carrier with one or more modulants.
    It is known that increasing the switching frequency applied to a converter causes an increase in the common mode current. The generated common mode current can take different paths between the system and each electric motor. These paths are created by capacitive couplings generated: - Between the conductors of the cable connecting each converter to its electric charge, - Between the windings of the motor and the stator, and - Between the transistors of each converter and the dissipator connected to the ground.
    When the installation thus comprises two converters according to one of the two architectures described above, the total common mode voltage is the sum of the disturbances provided by each of the converters.
    Usually, a filter is used to reduce the generated disturbances. The filter may be composed of passive and / or active components. In a passive filter solution, this must be dimensioned to:
    To cause a necessary attenuation of disturbances in order to respect predefined standard thresholds of electromagnetic disturbances, - To guarantee that its common mode inductance is never saturated.
    To filter these common mode voltages, the EMC filter present at the input is often oversized to meet these two constraints and thus respond to the worst case of saturation of the magnetic core of the filter inductance. Thus it has been proposed to act on the origin of disturbances so as to reduce the need for filtering.
    In an installation carried out according to an architecture with an active rectifier as described above, various solutions have thus been developed for reducing the common-mode current. These solutions consist for example of an action on the controls of the rectifier and the inverter.
    JP2003018853 proposes for example a method for reducing the common mode current in a variable speed drive by synchronizing the switching on closing (or opening) of three power transistors (up or down) of the rectifier stage with the switching on closing (or opening) of the corresponding three transistors (respectively high or low) of the inverter stage. This solution reduces the size of the filter used to filter the common mode current and thus reduce the converter costs.
    US Pat. No. 6,185,115 also describes a method for synchronizing the commutations of the rectifier stage with the commutations of the inverter stage so as to reduce the common mode voltage. The proposed method consists in synchronizing the switching of a single switching arm of the inverter stage, in rising and falling edge, with the switching of a single switching arm of the rectifier stage, which allows, for a period of cutting, to pass only twelve voltage fronts to eight voltage fronts on all switching arms.
    The patent application EP2442436A2 also describes a method for synchronizing the switching between the rectifier stage and the inverter stage. The method makes it possible to synchronize each switching of a transistor of the rectifier stage with a switching of the inverter stage, thus making it possible to reduce the total common mode voltage generated.
    However, the solutions described in these prior patents are not necessarily satisfactory and can not be applied to control installations that have an architecture with at least two converters in parallel connected to the same DC bus.
    The object of the invention is therefore to propose a control method that allows:
    To minimize common mode voltage generation so as to employ a properly sized common mode filter,
    To adapt to control installations with at least two converters connected in parallel to the same DC bus and each intended for the control of a separate electric motor.
    Presentation of the invention
    This object is achieved by a control method implemented for an electric motor control installation, said control installation comprising:
    A first voltage converter to a first electric motor connected to said first converter by first output phases, - A second connected converter having controlled switching arms for applying second voltage edges to a second electric motor connected to said second converter by second output phases, - the control method comprising a step of synchronization of the first voltage edges with the second voltage edges in order to minimize the common mode currents generated by said installation.
    According to one particular feature, the synchronization step consists, over a cutting period, in:
    Synchronizing the rising voltage fronts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the first converter with falling voltage fronts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the second converter, and - synchronizing the falling voltage edges of the pulses of the second converter; voltage generated on the output phases of the first converter with rising voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the second converter.
    According to another feature, for each voltage pulse, the rising voltage front and the falling voltage edge are determined from an intersetype-type pulse width modulation between an asymmetric type carrier and two modulants.
    According to another particularity, the synchronization step consists in determining, over a switching period, the modulants so that each rising edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the first converter always coincides with a falling edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the second converter.
    According to another particularity, the method comprises a step of detecting modulants in over-modulation in order to determine a number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    According to another particularity, the method comprises a step of determining a possible number of synchronization as a function of the number of switching arms blocked in each converter. The invention also relates to a control system implemented for an electric motor control installation, said control installation comprising: a first converter comprising controlled switching arms for applying first voltage edges to a first connected electric motor; to said first converter by first output phases,
    A second connected converter comprising controlled switching arms for applying second voltage edges to a second electric motor connected to said second converter by second output phases, said system comprising a software module for synchronizing the first voltage edges with the second ones. voltage edges to minimize the common mode currents generated by said installation.
    According to a particularity, the synchronization module is executed for:
    Synchronizing the rising voltage fronts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the first converter with falling voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the second converter, and
    Synchronizing the falling voltage fronts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the first converter with rising voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the second converter.
    According to another feature of the system, for each voltage pulse, the rising voltage edge and the falling voltage edge are determined from an intersetype-type pulse width modulation between an asymmetric type carrier and two modulants.
    According to another feature of the system, the synchronization module is arranged to determine, over a switching period, the modulants so that each rising edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the first converter always coincides with a front. descending from a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the second converter.
    According to another particularity, the system detects modulators modulus overmodulation to determine a number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    According to another particularity, the system comprises a module for determining a possible number of synchronization as a function of the number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Other features and advantages will appear in the following detailed description with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1A represents a control installation for which the control method of the invention is implemented . - Figure 1B shows an alternative to the control installation of Figure 1 to which the control method of the invention can be applied. FIG. 2 illustrates the common mode currents generated in a control installation as shown in FIG. 1A. FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate, respectively, the operating principle of a conventional intersective modulation and that of a modulation. intersective using a carrier and two modulants. FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate the two types of pulses that can be generated by an intersective modulation. FIG. 5 illustrates the implementation of the control method of the invention in a control installation such as that represented in FIG. 1A. FIG. 6 represents the principle of a total synchronization of the pulses, obtained by the method control of the invention. - Figure 7 shows the principle of synchronization obtained by the control method of the invention, when a switching arm of a converter is blocked. - Figure 8 shows the principle of a synchronization obtained by the control method of the invention, when two switching arms belonging to different converters are blocked. FIG. 9 represents the principle of a synchronization obtained thanks to the control method of the invention, when two switching arms of the same converter are blocked. - Figure 10 shows the principle of a synchronization obtained by the control method of the invention, when a switching arm of a converter and two switching arms of the other converters are blocked. - Figure 11 shows the principle of synchronization obtained by the control method of the invention, when two switching arms of a converter and two switching arms of the other converter are blocked. - Figure 12 schematically illustrates the principle of selection of the synchronization mode.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The invention aims at providing a control method that can be adapted to architectures that have at least two converters.
    For simplicity, the invention will be described below for installations with two converters but it should be understood that the principle can be applied for installations with more than two converters. The operating characteristics related to an installation with more than two converters will be detailed later.
    With reference to FIG. 1A, a first variant of an installation with two converters connected in parallel to the same DC supply bus comprises:
    A voltage source providing a DC voltage. The DC voltage source will for example consist of a REC rectifier connected to an electrical network R and intended to rectify an AC voltage supplied by this network.
    A continuous supply bus having a first positive-potential supply line L1 and a second negative-potential supply line L2 between which the DC voltage is applied. At least one Cbus bus capacitor connected between the first power supply line L1 and the second power supply line L2 and intended to keep the DC voltage constant on the bus.
    A first converter CONV1 of the inverter type connected to the DC power supply bus and comprising a plurality of switching arms connected in parallel between the two power supply lines. Each switching arm comprises at least two transistors, for example of the IGBT type, connected in series. - First output phases U, V, W, each first output phase being connected to a midpoint located between two transistors of a switching arm separate from the first converter so as to be connected to a first electric motor M1.
    A second converter CONV2 of the inverter type connected to the DC supply bus, parallel to the first converter CONV1, and also comprising a plurality of switching arms connected in parallel between the two supply lines. Each switching arm comprises at least two transistors, for example of the IGBT type, connected in series.
    Second output phases X, Y, Z, each second output phase being connected to a midpoint located between two transistors of a separate switching arm of the second converter so as to be connected to a second motor M2.
    A common mode filter FMc is also inputted upstream of the rectifier for filtering the generated common mode voltages. One of the objectives of the method of the invention is to be able to reduce common mode voltages from their origin and thus prevent over-sizing of this filter.
    In a second variant embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, two variable speed drives are intended to control each a separate electric motor M1, M2, the two electric motors being associated in the drive of the same load C. In this installation , the two converters CONV10, CONV20 are independently connected to the network through a separate rectifier REC10, REC20.
    In the following description, the invention will be described for an installation with two converters connected in parallel to the same DC bus, as shown in Figure 1A. However, it should be understood that the invention can also be applied to an installation such as that shown in Figure 1 B.
    For the control of these converters CONV1, CONV2, the installation shown in FIG. 1A comprises a suitable control system. The control system may comprise a control unit common to all the converters or a separate control unit associated with each converter. In the remainder of the description and in a nonlimiting manner, we will consider a solution in which a separate control unit is dedicated to the control of a particular converter. Two separate control units UC1, UC2 are thus used to respectively control the first converter CONV1 and the second converter CONV2 of the installation according to the architecture of FIG. 1A. Each control unit is intended to control the transistors of the converter with which it is associated between an open state and a closed state to apply voltages on the output phases, said voltages being determined by executing a specific control law. Each transistor is associated with a gate controller that receives control commands from its control unit. Each control unit notably comprises a microprocessor and storage means. The two control units UC1, UC2 are advantageously connected to each other so as to be able to synchronize their control commands.
    The control method of the invention preferably applies to an installation in which the first converter CONV1 and the second converter CONV2 comprise the same number of switching arms, for example three switching arms, each arm comprising at least two power transistors. . Preferably, the number of levels of the first converter is identical to the number of levels of the second converter. In FIG. 1A and in a nonlimiting manner, the first converter CONV1 and the second converter CONV2 are at two levels. Of course, the first converter and the second converter could have different topologies.
    In the remainder of the description, the invention is described for identical three-phase DC / AC converters with two levels. Of course, it should be understood that the invention can be applied for different topologies, making adaptations in the control method of the invention which will be described below.
    Figure 2 shows the control facility of Figure 1 in a simplified manner by highlighting the common mode disturbances provided by each of the converters. The generated common mode current can take different paths between the system and each electric motor. These paths are created by capacitive couplings generated:
    Between the conductors of the cable connecting each converter to its electric charge,
    Between the windings of the motor and the stator, and
    Between the transistors of each converter and the sink connected to the earth.
    When the installation thus comprises two converters, the total common mode voltage is the sum of the disturbances provided by each of the converters.
    We thus have:
    In which: - Vuo, Vvo, Vwo correspond to the simple voltages on the output phases U, V, W of the first converter, referenced to the low point (O) of the DC bus, - Vxo, VY0, Vzo correspond to the voltages simple on the output phases of the second converter, referenced to the low point (O) of the DC bus.
    It is also possible to express the total common mode current iMc generated by the two converters in operation as a function of
    In which Cp! and Cp2 represent the two parasitic capacitances between each set of converter + motor + motor supply cable and earth.
    Under the assumption that the motors and the power cables are identical, we can consider that the two parasitic capacitances are equal, we obtain then:
    Since the objective is to reduce or even eliminate the total common mode current generated, it is then possible to deduce:
    It is thus understood that by synchronizing voltage fronts (dV / dt) of opposite nature of each converter, the generator of the common mode currents that is the common mode voltage of all the two converters will be zero, causing this is the absence of current. The reduction of the electromagnetic disturbances is thus obtained by synchronizing two opposite voltage fronts of each converter.
    The principle of the invention is therefore to compensate the common mode voltage generated by the first converter CONV1 by the common mode voltage generated by the second converter CONV2, or vice versa.
    Thus, theoretically, it is a question of making double commutations between the first converter and the second converter so that the generation of a rising voltage front or of a descending voltage edge realized by the switching of an arm of switching of the first converter coincides with the generation of a falling voltage edge, respectively amount, achieved by the switching of a switching arm of the second converter. More precisely, for a pulse generated by the control of a switching arm of the first converter, the generation of the rising voltage front for this pulse coincides with the generation of a falling voltage edge of a pulse generated by an arm of switching of the second converter and the generation of the falling voltage edge of this pulse coincides with the generation of a rising voltage edge of another pulse which is thus generated by another switching arm of the second converter. The synchronization of the two fronts (rising and falling) performed by a switching arm of the first converter is therefore performed with two different switching arms of the second converter. In this way, it will thus be possible to perform a total synchronization of all the commutations by respecting an algorithm described below.
    In order to determine the state changes and the switching times of each transistor of the two converters, it is known that a processing unit implements a pulse width modulation of the intersective type (hereinafter PWM and named PWM for "Pulse Width Modulation"). An intersective type MLI consists in comparing a symmetrical or asymmetrical triangular carrier with one or more modulants. For an output phase of the converter, the intersections between a carrier and one or more modulators generate voltage pulses on the output phase whose rising edges and falling edges correspond to the switching times of the transistors of the switching arm associated with said phase. On a switching arm, the two transistors are controlled in complement, that is to say that when one of the transistors is in the closed state, the other is in the open state and vice versa.
    As shown in FIG. 3A, conventional intersective modulation thus consists in comparing a triangular carrier P1 with a reference modulator mref so as to define a voltage pulse. Over the switching period T of the carrier, this pulse has a pulse width which corresponds to the product between the duty ratio a and the duration of the switching period T. The aim of the invention is to synchronize rising edges and falling edges pulses generated by the control MLI of the first converter and by the control MLI of the second converter. In the context of the invention, in order to independently move a rising edge and a falling edge of the same pulse, it is necessary to use for each converter an intersective type PWM which comprises an asymmetric type carrier P2 sawtooth and two modulating m ,, m2 (Figure 3B).
    As shown in Figures 4A and 4B, each pulse formed by the MLI can be described as a succession of states. It is indeed:
    The succession of logic state 0, logic state 1 and logic state 0 for a pulse designated hereinafter 0-1-0 which thus comprises a rising voltage front followed by a voltage front downstream (FIG. 4A), or from the succession of logic state 1, logic state 0 and logic state 1 for a pulse designated hereinafter 1-0-1 which thus comprises a falling voltage edge followed by a rising voltage front (FIG. 4B).
    With reference to FIG. 4A, over a switching period of the carrier P2, the switching times which define the pulse 0-1-0 defined above are determined from two modulants ml5 m2. The intersection of the modulating rrn with the carrier P2 determines an instant from which the pulse goes from logic 0 to logic 1, forming a rising voltage edge. The intersection of the modulating m2 with the carrier P2 determines an instant from which the pulse goes from logic 1 to logic 0, forming a falling voltage edge.
    The two modulators ith, m2 are linked by the cyclic ratio a of the impulse so that:
    Over a switching period, as shown in FIG. 4B, it is also possible to characterize the pulse 1-0-1 defined above by creating two modulants m3, m4 which will define the instants of the changes of logic state of this impulse. The intersection of the modulating m3 with the carrier P2 determines an instant from which the pulse goes from logic state 1 to logic state 0, forming a falling voltage edge. The intersection of modulator m4 with carrier P2 determines an instant from which the pulse goes from logic 0 to logic 1, forming a rising voltage edge.
    Similarly, the two modulants m3, m4 are linked by the cyclic ratio β of the impulse so that:
    For the switching of the same switching arm, the relationship between a 0-1-0 type pulse and a 1-0-1 type pulse can be determined. The width of the 0-1-0 pulse obtained is defined by the product between the 0-1-0 pulse switching duty cycle a and the switching period T, i.e. worth aT.
    Over the switching period T, the width of the pulse 1-0-1 is the same way βΤ.
    It follows that the duty cycle β of the pulse 1-0-1 is related to the duty cycle of the pulse 0-1-0 by the following relation:
    The modulating m3 can then also be characterized according to the duty cycle a in the following manner:
    From these elements, it is thus possible to determine all the modulants which make it possible to synchronize a rising edge of a pulse for a phase of the first converter with a falling edge of a pulse for a phase of the second converter. More precisely, it involves: - Synchronizing the rising edges of the 0-1-0 type pulses generated on the output phases of the first CONV1 converter with falling edges of the type 1-0-1 pulses generated on the phases output of the second converter CONV2, and - Synchronize the falling edges of the 0-1-0 type pulses generated on the output phases of the first converter CONV1 with rising edges of the type 1-0-1 pulses generated on the phases of output of the second converter CONV2. The opposite is also possible, that is to say: - Synchronize the rising edges of the type 1-0-1 pulses generated on the output phases U, V, W of the first converter CONV1 with falling edges of the pulses of type 0-1-0 generated on the output phases X, Y, Z of the second converter CONV2, and - Synchronize the falling edges of the type 1-0-1 pulses generated on the output phases U, V, W of the first converter CONV1 with rising edges of the type 0-1-0 pulses generated on the output phases X, Y, Z of the second converter CONV2.
    For this, we use the relationships defined above which characterize the type 0-1-0 pulses and type 1-0-1 pulses.
    More concretely, FIG. 5 illustrates the principle of implementation of the control method of the invention. This figure describes the different blocks that generate the MLI pulses of each converter CONV1, CONV2 of the installation. For the first motor M1, the control law executed by the first control unit UC1 generates, for each phase U, V, W, a reference modulator mrefj. For the second motor M2, the control law executed by the second control unit UC2 generates, for each phase X, Y, Z, a modulating reference mrei_2. For the extension of linearity in the control of the first converter, the first control unit adds, for each phase U, V, W, a homopolar component hNOj to the reference modulator mref_i. For the extension of linearity in the control of the second converter, the second control unit UC2 adds, for each phase X, Y, Z, a homopolar component hNo_2 to the reference modulator mref2. Thus, for each phase of each converter, a modulator m ^ v !, mconv2 is obtained.
    The control method of the invention is then executed so as to optimally place, over the switching period, the pulses defined by the modulants mconv1, mconV2 for each phase. To position these pulses, they are defined by the method of the invention in the manner described above, that is to say by determining the two modulants necessary for the characterization of a type 0-1 pulse. -0 or type 1-0-1. The control method of the invention thus determines, for each phase U, V, W of the first converter, the modulants m3_u, m4_u, m3 v, m4_v, m3 w, m4 w and for each phase X, Y, Z of the second converter the modulators rm x, m2 x, rm Y, m2 Y, rm z, m2_z.
    To achieve total synchronization, the first control unit UC1 and the second control unit UC2 are thus configured so that each voltage pulse generated by the switching arms, respectively of the first converter CONV1 and the second converter, can be moved in time. CONV2. Preferentially, the first control unit UC1 or the second control unit implements a synchronization software module intended to execute each algorithm described below. With the synchronization module, the control unit (for example the first control unit UC1) determines all the modulators to be applied in the PWM dedicated to the first converter and the PWM dedicated to the second converter in order to implement the appropriate synchronization. according to one of the algorithms described below. For this purpose, the first control unit UC1 will have previously received from the second control unit UC2 the modulating mconv2 defining the pulses to be applied to each phase of the second converter CONV2.
    Preferably, in order to achieve synchronization, the control method of the invention consists in determining the possible number of synchronization between the switching arms of the first converter CONV1 and the switching arms of the second converter CONV2. Total synchronization of all voltage fronts is related to certain prerequisites:
    The switching frequency of the MLI of the first converter CONV1 and the switching frequency of the PWM of the second converter CONV2 must be identical. The switching frequency of the PWM of the first converter CONV1 and the switching frequency of the PWM of the second converter CONV2 must be synchronous in order to be able to place the voltage edges with respect to each other.
    The first converter CONV1 and the second converter CONV2 must have the same number of edges to be synchronized over a relative period of a converter to another.
    Moreover, as mentioned above, for each converter CONV1, CONV2, the following general prerequisites are also applicable:
    With: - mref which corresponds to the reference modulator (mreL1 or m_ref_2) evoked above and resulting from the motor control law. m which corresponds to the modulator (mconv1 or mconv2) mentioned above, that is to say to the reference modulator to which the homopolar component has been added and which defines the cyclic ratios of the pulses to be applied. - a, β which define a duty cycle with respect to the period (T) of cutting. - hN0 which corresponds to the homopolar component (hNO 1 or hN0 2), used for the extension of linearity.
    Thus, according to the operating conditions, a total synchronization of all the voltage fronts will be possible only if the following expressions are verified:
    With: βυ, βν, / V the cyclic ratios of the 1-0-1 type pulses on the X, Y, Z output phases of the second converter. ax, aY, az the cyclic ratios of the 0-1-0 type pulses on the X, Y, Z output phases of the second converter. - hN01 the homopolar component used in the control of the first converter and hN0 2 the homopolar component used in the control of the second converter.
    If the different conditions defined above are fulfilled, a total synchronization of the voltage edges is implemented by the synchronization module executing the control unit. In this case, the control method of the invention applies the algorithm described below in connection with FIG. 5. It is a question of determining each modulator to be applied so that the synchronization is total. In this algorithm, we have: - m, x, m2 x, mLY, m2_Y, mlZ, m2 z which represent, for each output phase X, Y, Z of the second converter, the two modulants to be determined for the pulses of the type 0-1-0 to apply, - m3_u, m4jj, m3_v, m4 v, m3_w, m4_w which represent, for each output phase U, V, W of the first converter, the two modulants to be determined for the type 1 pulses 0-1 to apply, - T1 to T6 correspond to the instants defining each pulse applied to the output phases U, V, W of the first converter and X, Y, Z of the second converter.
    To obtain the total synchronization, in connection with FIG. 6, the various steps implemented by the synchronization module to determine the modulators to be applied over a switching period T, are then as follows: a. Arbitrary choice for setting a first voltage edge, for example the rising edge of the Vxo pulse to be applied to the output phase X of the second converter at time T1 (the very value of T1 is arbitrary) from which:
    b. Deduction of the modulant m2 x using the cyclic ratio ax of the modulator of the phase X of the second converter, that is to say:
    vs. Synchronization of the falling voltage edge of phase X with the rising voltage edge of phase V (arbitrary choice). We then obtain:
    d. Deduction of the modulante m3 v using the cyclic ratio av of the modulator of phase V by the following relation:
    e. Synchronization of the falling voltage edge of phase V with the rising voltage edge of phase Y (arbitrary choice). We then obtain:
    f. Deduction of modulator m2_Y using cyclic ratio aY of the modulator of phase Y:
    boy Wut. Synchronization of the falling voltage edge of the Y phase with the rising edge of the W phase (arbitrary choice) from where:
    h. Deduction of the modulus m3_w using the cyclic ratio aw of the modulator of the phase W:
    i. Synchronization of the falling voltage front of phase W with the rising voltage edge of phase Z (no choice) where:
    j. Deduction of the modulus m2 z using the cyclic ratio az of the modulator of phase Z:
    k. Synchronization of the falling voltage edge of the Z phase with the rising voltage edge of the U phase (no choice) from where:
    l. Finally, under constraint that the equality of the homopolar components is respected, the falling edge FD of the phase U and the rising edge FM of the phase X will synchronize naturally.
    In FIG. 6, it is thus noted that the resulting common mode voltage VMCj generated by the first converter CONV1 is the opposite of the resulting common mode voltage VMc_2 generated by the second converter CONV2.
    However, there are two situations where total synchronization will not be possible, that is: The use of homopolar components that are not opposite signs. In this case, the equality ax -βγ + Oy -βψ + az - βυ = 0 can not be respected. - The presence of overmodulation in the control of one or more switching arms. In this situation, one or more pulses of one or both converters do not vary over one or more switching periods. A blocked arm means two non-existent voltage edges at each switching period and therefore limits the possibilities of synchronization in one of the two situations described above, the synchronization can not be total.
    In the first situation, where the relation hN0 i = -hN0 2 between the two homopolar components is not respected, the steps a) to k) defined above can be implemented but the last two voltage fronts do not occur. will not synchronize naturally. In this situation, it will be possible to synchronize ten voltage fronts out of twelve.
    In a situation of over-modulation on one or both converters, the expression ax -βγ + αγ -β # + az -βυ = 0 can not be respected either because the duty ratio of the switching arm blocked by over-modulation does not occur. does not represent the modulating reference but a carrier-modulating comparison limit. In this situation, the synchronization possibilities will be reduced but one will also be assured not to excite at least partially parasitic capacitances. The table below summarizes the theoretical number of maximum synchronizations according to whether the first converter and / or the second converter is over-modulated on one or more of its switching arms:
    In case of over-modulation, the implemented algorithm is as follows: - Detect which modulators are over-modulated (for example by comparing the absolute value of the reference modulator mref to 1). Identify in what operating situation the converters are located to determine the number of arms blocked. Depending on the number of arms blocked, the synchronization performed will be different: - One blocked arm:
    If a single arm is blocked on one of the two converters, the control method consists in arbitrarily placing the initial voltage edge on one of the phases of an unblocked arm (phase V in FIG. 7). Then the steps e) to k) defined above are applied for the determination of the other modulants. - Two switching arms blocked on the same converter.
    If two arms are blocked, the control method consists in arbitrarily placing the initial voltage edge on one of the phases of an unblocked arm (phase W in FIG. 8). Then the steps i) to k) defined above are applied for the determination of the other modulants. In this situation, it can be noted that one of the pulses is not synchronized. It is therefore arbitrarily placed on the cutting period.
    Two switching arms blocked on each of the converters.
    If two arms are blocked, the control method consists of arbitrarily placing the initial voltage edge on one of the phases of an unblocked arm (phase Y in FIG. 9). Then steps g) to k) defined above are applied for the determination of the other modulants. - Three locked switching arms, two arms on one converter and one arm on the other converter.
    On all unobstructed phases, the pulses are synchronized. The initial voltage edge is chosen arbitrarily on an unblocked phase (phase W in FIG. 10). Then the steps i) to k) defined above are applied for the determination of the other modulants. - Four switching arms blocked, two on each converter.
    The initial voltage edge is chosen arbitrarily on an unblocked phase (phase Z in FIG. 11). Then the steps i) to k) defined above are applied for the determination of the other modulants.
    The control method described above which aims to synchronize the voltage fronts of the two converters can be implemented in a speed variation application to control the two electric motors in parallel, as shown in Figures 1A or 1B.
    The synchronization principle described above is based on the voltages generated by the DC / AC type voltage converters. These voltages, once normalized with respect to the voltage of the DC supply bus, evolve as a function of the frequency applied at the output (application of a U / f type control law). Thus for example with a frequency that can evolve from 0 to 100 Hz the amplitude of the normalized reference voltages (the modulants) can be either: - Understood within the limits fixed by the carrier (-1 and 1 in normalized): we can then speak linear comparison because the entire modulator is compared to the carrier. This linearity is obtained:
    Without the use of the homopolar component up to a modulator amplitude r of 1: L1 in FIG. 12. This case corresponds for example to a motor frequency ranging from 0 to 35 Hz.
    With use of the homopolar component up to a modulator amplitude r of -j =: L2 in FIG. 12. This case corresponds for example to a motor frequency ranging from 35 Hz to 50 Hz.
    Greater than the carrier: this is called over-modulation (L3 in Figure 12). This case may occur for motor frequencies ranging for example beyond 50 Hz.
    These different limits can be represented in a vector diagram as represented in FIG. 12. From this diagram, the possible number of synchronizations can be summarized in the table below:
    According to the invention, if the control installation comprises more than two converters, the synchronization described above will be implemented in pairs.
    The present invention thus has many advantages, among which - It treats the electromagnetic disturbances at their origin, which limits the filtering needs of the installation. - It allows to take into account the operation of converters, including over-modulation phenomena by adapting the synchronization to the number of arms blocked.
    It makes it possible to obtain the best possible synchronization according to the operating conditions of the converters.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    A control method implemented for an electric motor control installation, said control installation comprising: a first converter (CONV1) comprising controlled switching arms for applying first voltage edges to a first electric motor (M1); ) connected to said first converter by first output phases, - A second converter (CONV2) having controlled switching arms for applying second voltage edges to a second electric motor (M2) connected to said second converter by second output phases Characterized in that the control method comprises a step of synchronization of the first voltage edges with the second voltage edges in order to minimize the common mode currents generated by said installation.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the synchronization step consists, over a switching period, in: synchronizing the rising voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases (U, V, W) of the first converter with falling voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases (X, Y, Z) of the second converter, and - Synchronizing the falling voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the first converter with rising voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the second converter.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for each voltage pulse, the rising voltage edge and the falling voltage edge are determined from a pulse width modulation of the intersective type between a carrier. of asymmetrical type and two modulants.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the synchronization step consists in determining, over a switching period, the modulants so that each rising edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the first converter. always coincides with a falling edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the second converter.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it comprises a step of detecting modulants in over-modulation in order to determine a number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a step of determining a possible number of synchronization as a function of the number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Control system implemented for an electric motor control installation, said control installation comprising: a first converter comprising controlled switching arms for applying first voltage edges to a first electric motor connected to said first converter by first output phases, a second converter comprising controlled switching arms for applying second voltage edges to a second electric motor connected to said second converter by second output phases, - characterized in that the system comprises a software module of synchronizing the first voltage edges with the second voltage edges to minimize the common mode currents generated by said facility.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Control system according to claim 7, characterized in that the synchronization module is executed to: Synchronize the rising voltage edges of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases (U, V, W) of the first converter with falling voltage fronts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases (X, Y, Z) of the second converter, and - synchronizing the falling voltage fronts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the first converter with fronts of voltage amounts of the voltage pulses generated on the output phases of the second converter.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. System according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that for each voltage pulse, the rising voltage edge and the falling voltage edge are determined from an intersetype-type pulse width modulation between a carrier. of asymmetrical type and two modulants.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the synchronization module is arranged to determine, over a switching period, the modulants for each rising edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the first converter. always coincides with a falling edge of a voltage pulse to be generated on an output phase of the second converter.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. System according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises an modulator detection module overmodulation to determine a number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. System according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises a module for determining a possible number of synchronization as a function of the number of switching arms blocked in each converter.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3232556B1|2021-09-22|Method and system for controlling an electric motor control installation
    EP2442436B1|2018-10-24|Control method and system for reducing the common-mode current in a power converter
    EP0555432B1|1995-10-11|Electronic device for converting electrical energy
    EP3053236B1|2020-04-01|Method of discharging at least one electrical energy storage unit, in particular a capacitor, of an electrical circuit
    FR2961964A1|2011-12-30|METHOD OF CHARGING ACCUMULATION MEANS AND CORRESPONDING CHARGE DEVICE
    EP2747266A1|2014-06-25|Switching power supply system and aircraft including such a system
    EP2833534B1|2019-10-02|Variable frequency drive system with active rectifier / inverter using pulse modification for minimizing common mode disturbances
    EP3208924B1|2018-05-02|Method and system for controlling a control installation of an electric motor
    FR3050083A1|2017-10-13|CONTINUOUS-ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC POWER CONVERTING DEVICE FOR VARIABLE SPEED MOTOR AND HIGH SPEED MOTOR
    EP0821844A1|1998-02-04|Method for processing pwm waves and devices therefor
    EP3528384A1|2019-08-21|Method for controlling a converter connected to an electric machine
    EP3266101A1|2018-01-10|Electromechanical assembly comprising an alternator
    EP1410488B1|2010-06-02|Energy converting device
    FR2632134A1|1989-12-01|LINEARIZATION METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS-CONTINUOUS CONVERTER AND DEVICES USING THE SAME
    WO2012084389A2|2012-06-28|Power converter equipped at the output with a filtering device
    EP3011671B1|2020-04-22|Method for controlling a power converter and related device
    FR3073993B1|2019-10-18|METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A THREE PHASE INVERTER
    EP2800262A1|2014-11-05|Device for controlling a plurality of power converters
    FR3035556A1|2016-10-28|METHOD FOR SYNCHRONIZING CONTROLLED CONTROL CIRCUITS CONTROLLED BY PWM CONTROL SIGNALS
    FR3063851A1|2018-09-14|DEVICE FOR SWITCHING AN EXCITATION CURRENT OF AN ELECTRIC MACHINE EQUIPPED WITH A ROTOR
    EP2717445B1|2016-09-28|Control method in a power converter to ensure the detectability of a short-circuit
    EP2656492A2|2013-10-30|Ac/dc power converter with improved power factor and improved thdi
    EP2815501B1|2016-03-23|Module for the regeneration of electrical energy for a speed variator
    EP3391521A1|2018-10-24|Improved recharging device for recharging electrical equipment, in particular an electric vehicle
    FR3022090A1|2015-12-11|INVERTER CIRCUIT AND ITS MANAGEMENT METHOD
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10305399B2|2019-05-28|
    EP3232556B1|2021-09-22|
    CN107425758A|2017-12-01|
    US20170302199A1|2017-10-19|
    FR3050337B1|2020-01-10|
    EP3232556A1|2017-10-18|
    JP6968566B2|2021-11-17|
    JP2017225329A|2017-12-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20110122661A1|2008-07-01|2011-05-26|Daikin Industries, Ltd.|Direct-type converting apparatus and method for controlling the same|
    US20110260656A1|2009-11-26|2011-10-27|Shun Kazama|Load drive system, motor drive system, and vehicle control system|
    KR100318171B1|1998-11-17|2002-04-22|설승기|Common-Mode Voltage Pulse Removal in Three-Phase Pulse-Width Converter Converters|
    JP2003018853A|2001-06-28|2003-01-17|Fuji Electric Co Ltd|Common mode current reduction method|
    FR2901074B1|2006-05-09|2008-06-13|Schneider Electric Ind Sas|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A CONVERTER AND ELECTRICAL CONVERSISSEOR COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE|
    FR2960110B1|2010-05-11|2012-04-27|Schneider Toshiba Inverter|METHOD OF CONTROLLING A PWM OF A POWER CONVERTER|
    FR2965684B1|2010-10-04|2012-09-07|Schneider Toshiba Inverter|METHOD AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR REDUCING COMMON MODE CURRENT IN A POWER CONVERTER|
    CN104620498B|2012-08-10|2017-09-22|艾默生环境优化技术有限公司|The motor drive control skipped using width-modulation pulse|
    FR3009460B1|2013-07-31|2017-07-14|Schneider Toshiba Inverter Europe Sas|CONTROL METHOD IMPLEMENTED IN A SPEED DRIVE|
    FR3050337B1|2016-04-14|2020-01-10|Schneider Toshiba Inverter Europe Sas|CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL INSTALLATION|FR3044184B1|2015-11-23|2018-03-23|IFP Energies Nouvelles|MODULAR SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING CONTINUOUS ELECTRIC POWER IN THREE-PHASE ELECTRIC POWER|
    FR3050337B1|2016-04-14|2020-01-10|Schneider Toshiba Inverter Europe Sas|CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL INSTALLATION|
    JP6889837B2|2017-10-05|2021-06-18|株式会社ジェイテクト|Motor control device|
    JP2019092344A|2017-11-16|2019-06-13|株式会社ジェイテクト|Motor control device|
    JP6944646B2|2017-11-16|2021-10-06|株式会社ジェイテクト|Motor control device|
    JP2019092345A|2017-11-16|2019-06-13|株式会社ジェイテクト|Motor control device|
    FR3077938B1|2018-02-14|2020-01-10|Schneider Toshiba Inverter Europe Sas|METHOD OF CONTROLLING A CONVERTER CONNECTED TO AN ELECTRIC MACHINE|
    EP3771086A4|2018-03-19|2021-03-31|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation|Power conversion device and rotary machine driving system|
    DE102018210244A1|2018-06-22|2019-12-24|Lenze Automation Gmbh|Method for operating an electrical drive system, electrical control device and electrical drive system|
    法律状态:
    2017-03-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-10-20| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20171020 |
    2018-03-15| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-03-07| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-03-09| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-04-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1653304|2016-04-14|
    FR1653304A|FR3050337B1|2016-04-14|2016-04-14|CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL INSTALLATION|FR1653304A| FR3050337B1|2016-04-14|2016-04-14|CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL INSTALLATION|
    EP17160724.5A| EP3232556B1|2016-04-14|2017-03-14|Method and system for controlling an electric motor control installation|
    CN201710235653.1A| CN107425758A|2016-04-14|2017-04-12|For controlling the method and system of control device of electric motor|
    US15/485,872| US10305399B2|2016-04-14|2017-04-12|Method and system for controlling an electric motor control installation|
    JP2017079796A| JP6968566B2|2016-04-14|2017-04-13|Methods and systems for controlling electric motor controllers|
    [返回顶部]