• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a detector device for the detection of unauthorized objects or materials, comprising a support base (110) designed to receive at least one foot coated with its shoe, an individual to control, characterized in that it further comprises means (170) adapted to detect vertical stacking stratification in the soleplate by detecting successive echoes following wave emission to the soleplate.
    公开号:FR3050284A1
    申请号:FR1655726
    申请日:2016-06-20
    公开日:2017-10-20
    发明作者:Alessandro Manneschi
    申请人:Alessandro Manneschi；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to the field of detectors designed to detect unauthorized objects or materials in a protected access area. It now seems necessary to control with great reliability attempts to introduce or remove certain products, for example, but not exclusively, from exponents in or out of a sensitive area.
    The problem thus posed covers a very wide range of situations, which engenders in particular and not only the attempt to introduce products into a protected area, such as a shop, a school, a station, a public or private body, or the public. attempt to release products outside a defined area, for example in case of theft in a company or on a protected site. It now turns out that people who try to fraudulently take out a product outside a protected area or who try to introduce a product, often use the shoes to hide the product in question.
    This phenomenon is due mainly to the fact that this area is difficult to control easily visually or by manual probing.
    The Applicant has already proposed devices of the type illustrated in the appended FIG. 1, which comprise a frame 1 which comprises: a support base 10 formed of a rectangular foot-shaped pad whose upper surface has a drawing or imprint and a stop 14 for receiving and positioning a single foot of a shoe-lined individual, two symmetrical side panels 20 which sense detection means, and an information module 30.
    Exemplary of the device illustrated in FIG. 1 can be found in FR 2860631, EP 1574879, FR 2889338 and FR 2911212.
    The above-mentioned detection means described in the documents mentioned may be formed of windings for the detection of metals, sampling means, for example in the form of suction nozzles, for the removal of vapors or traces of particles, for example from narcotics or explosives, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis means including for example Helmholtz coils, or complex impedance analysis means or radioactive radiation detectors.
    Despite the progress made by the devices described in the aforementioned documents, some sensitive sites are still forced today to invite people leaving the site or accessing the site to remove their shoes to try to improve the inspection. But despite the constraints and discomfort resulting from such a situation, a visual inspection of the removed shoe does not always completely secure the inspection. The intervening personnel can not indeed determine if an object or a material is not camouflaged in an internal cavity not directly accessible from the shoe, in particular the sole of this one.
    The present invention therefore aims to provide new means for improving the reliability of detection of objects, products or materials that may be camouflaged in a shoe.
    This object is achieved in the context of the present invention by means of a device which comprises in combination: - a support base designed to receive at least one foot coated with his shoe, an individual to control, - means microwave transmitters and microwave receiving means to be placed respectively on either side of the sole of the shoe, means for measuring the width of an element inserted between the microwave transmitter / receiver means, analyzing at least one parameter of the transmission delay between the microwave transmitter / receiver means and / or the amplitude of the signal transmitted between the microwave transmitter / receiver means, and - means for normalizing the transmission above-mentioned analysis with respect to a unit of standard width size, based on the width obtained from the width measuring means.
    According to other advantageous features of the invention: the frequency of the microwaves emitted by the emitters is in the range 5GHz-30GHz, advantageously 12GHz-20GHz, the device comprises a plurality of microwave transmitter / receiver means distributed over the length of the support base, the means for measuring the width of the element interposed between the microwave transmitter / receiver means comprise infra-red transmitter / receiver adapted to measure the round trip delay. between an infra-red transmitter and the infra-red receiver associated, - the device comprises a plurality of infra-red transmitter / receiver means, - the device further comprises means for measuring the capacitance formed between the lower surface of the sole and the foot, essentially the electrical capacity formed by the sole of a shoe placed on the base support, to determine the thickness of this soleplate, the device further comprises means, preferably based on microwaves, adapted to detect a stratification by vertical stacking, in the soleplate, by detecting successive echoes following a wave emission towards the soleplate; - the device comprises a microwave coupling adapter means, interposed between the microwave transducers and a foot support plate; - the adapter means comprises a pyramid engaged in each horn associated with a microwave transducer, coming from material with the foot support plate, - the device comprises signal normalization means from the detection means of a vertical stratification, on the basis of a signal representative of the estimated height of the sole. the device comprises handles placed in the upper part of panels integral with the support base, said handles comprise electrodes, there is provided an electric generator placed in series with said handles and electrodes placed on the support base, the generator Electrical system is adapted to generate a voltage of the order of 1 volt, the microwave transmitter means and the associated microwave receiver means placed respectively on either side of the sole of the boot are adapted for detection on a medium. signal receiver from a transmitter means placed directly opposite and the signal from a transmitter means placed obliquely to the receiver means, the device comprises several series of detection means each comprising a plurality of detection means geographically distributed similar manner for all of said series of detection means, - the suppor base t comprises a tray in the form of a step coated with a shoe positioning mark and two side panels, - the base is preferably adapted to receive a single foot of the individual under test, - the device comprises in in addition to auxiliary analysis means selected from the range comprising metal detection coils, means for sampling vapor or particle traces, nuclear magnetic resonance type analysis means, complex impedance analysis means and / or radioactive radiation detector means. The invention also relates to a method of analyzing the signals from the various means according to the present invention to generate an alarm in case of detection of an anomaly.
    According to a first advantageous characteristic of the method of the invention, the method comprises at least one step of normalizing the amplitude of the signals obtained, for example the amplitude of the absorption of microwaves by a horizontal sole strip or the propagation time of microwaves in such a horizontal sole strip, as a function of a second measurement, for example a measurement of sole width, or for example of the temporal distribution of vertically propagating echoes as a function of a measurement of the height of the sole.
    According to another advantageous characteristic of the method of the invention, the method comprises the exploitation of at least two of the following measures: a measurement of the amplitude of absorption of microwaves by a horizontal strip of the sole, a measurement of time for propagating microwaves in a horizontal strip of the sole, measuring the width of a horizontal sole strip, measuring the height of the sole using capacitive means or analyzing a sampled image by a shooting system, detection of vertical stratification of a sole by detection of microwave reflections injected vertically in the sole. Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 previously described represents a detection device according to the prior art, - Figure 2 shows the general structure of a device according to the present invention, - Figure 3 shows a view similar to Figure 2 and illustrates the general structure of means microwave transmitters / receivers according to the present invention intended to be arranged horizontally on each side of a shoe sole; FIG. 4 represents an embodiment variant according to the present invention of the microwave transmitter / receiver means; FIG. 5 shows a view similar to FIG. 2 and illustrates more precisely the structure of the means. According to the present invention, for the detection of the width of the element interposed between the microwave transmitter / receiver means, FIG. 6 schematically represents the structure of electrodes provided on an imprint placed on the surface. FIG. 7 represents a view similar to FIG. 2 and illustrates the operation of the device in capacitive measurement; FIG. 8 represents a schematic view of a particular embodiment of micro-based means; waves, adapted to detect stratification by vertical stacking, in the soleplate, by detecting successive echoes following a wave emission towards the soleplate; FIG. 9 schematically represents the impact of a normalization according to the present invention; of the signal from the microwave transmitter means and the microwave receiver means respectively placed on either side of the sole of the shoe, the FIG. 9a schematically showing the profile of a shoe sole formed of a homogeneous material, FIG. 9b showing the transmission delay curve measured using the microwave transmitters / receivers, FIG. 9c representing the measured absorption curve. using the same microwave transmitter / receiver means, FIG. 9d showing the width measurement curve obtained using the infrared transmitter / receiver means and FIGS. 9e and 9f showing transmission and absorption delay curves. based on the curves of FIGS. 9b and 9c, but after normalization by unit of size on the basis of the curve of FIG. 9d, FIG. 10 represents respectively similar views to FIG. 9 for a different shoe sole profile, FIG. 11 represents respectively similar views to FIG. 9 for a shoe sole that houses an unauthorized body, FIG. chemically an electrical control circuit of the device according to the present invention. FIG. 13 represents a partial perspective view of the base of a system according to the present invention; FIGS. 14, 15 and 16 respectively represent top views, in longitudinal partial section and in partial cross section, of 17, 18 and 19 respectively show top views, in vertical section and in perspective, of a microwave coupling adapter means according to the present invention, - FIGS. , 21 and 22 represent the normalization of the signal obtained at the output of a vertical detector, as a function of the height of the soleplate according to the present invention, more specifically in FIGS. 20, 21 and 22, the figures having an index a represent schematically and respectively three cases of sole high, low and having a foreign body, the figures having a subscript b represent a signal for measuring the height of the sole, the figures aya nt an index c represent the echoes obtained at the output of a vertical detector before normalization and the figures having an index d represent the same signal after normalization, and - 23 schematically represents an embodiment variant according to the present invention that support base is designed to simultaneously receive both feet of an individual under test.
    2 and following appended hereto, the general structure of a device according to the documents described above FR 2860631, EP 1574879, FR 2889338 and FR 2911212. For this reason, the general structure of the device shown in Figures 2 and following will not be described in detail later. However, it will be recalled that FIG. 2 and following shows a device comprising a frame 100 which comprises: a support base 110 formed of a rectangular tray in the shape of a step whose planar upper surface comprises a drawing 112 and a stop 114 for receiving and positioning a single foot covered with a shoe. two symmetrical lateral panels 120 which house detection means, and an information module 130.
    The device shown in FIGS. 2 and following can be consistent as to its geometry, its dimensions, the layout of the positioning mark 112, the stop 114, the nature of the messages displayed on the module 130, the arrangements described in the documents supra.
    It is the same with any accessories such as random sorting of individuals subjected to analysis, frequencies used to detect metals and / or any sensor for placing a shoe on the drawing 112 or else installing a foot against the two panels 120 to initiate the treatment.
    Without this provision being limiting, such means for detecting the installation of a shoe in the device 100, more precisely on the mark 112, against the abutment 114 may be formed of a plurality of photocells 102, 104 disposed respectively facing the two panels 120 so that an optical beam emitted by a transmitting cell 102 in the direction of a receiving cell 104 opposite, is interrupted during the establishment of a foot.
    As seen in Figures 2 and following, the device according to the invention further comprises additional detection means 140, 150 and 160 on the support base 110.
    More precisely according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 2 and following, microwave transmitter / receiver means 140 are provided at the junction interface between the upper surface of the support base 110 and the panels. lateral 120, for a measurement of transmission time and an absorption measurement, associated with infrared transmitter / receiver means 150 for measuring the width of the portion of the shoe interposed between the microwave transmitter / receiver means 140.
    It is also preferably provided capacitive measuring means 160. These include electrodes 162 placed at the cavity 112 and electrodes 166 placed in the upper part of the panels 120. They will be defined in more detail later.
    We will first describe the structure of microwave transmitter / receiver means 140.
    As schematized in FIG. 3, microwave transmission means 142 are preferably provided on one side of the base 110 in the lower part of a panel 120 and associated microwave receiver means. on the opposite side of the base, that is to say in the lower part of the second side panel 120.
    The emitter means 142 and the respectively associated receiver means 144 are aligned horizontally.
    The frequency of the microwaves emitted by the emitters 142 is preferably in the range of 5GHz to 30GHz, advantageously in the range of 12GHz to 20GHz.
    More precisely, according to the invention, there are preferably several emitters 142 and several receivers 144, respectively associated two by two, distributed at the base of the panels 120 on the depth of the device.
    According to the invention, there is preferably a plurality of microwave emitters 142 and microwave receivers 144 adapted to respectively cover three separate zones corresponding to the heel, arch and the front sole of a shoe. .
    According to the particular embodiment shown in the accompanying figures, there are thus provided six transmitters 142 on one side of the base and six associated receivers 144 on the opposite side of the base. The emitters are referenced 142a to 142f and the receivers are referenced 144a to 144f in FIG. 12.
    The six emitters 142 and six receivers 144 are distributed in the form of an aligned horizontal row 145, 146. Where appropriate, as illustrated in FIG. 4, at least two superposed rows 145 and 146, each comprising a plurality of rows, may be provided. transmitters 142, respectively receivers 144, for example two rows 145 of six transmitters 142 and two rows 146 of six receivers 144.
    The distribution of the initiation of the microwave elements associated with respective focusing horns 149 respectively forming emitter 142 on one side of the base and receiver 144 on the opposite side can be provided by suitable switches. Those skilled in the art will understand that the microwaves emitted by a transmitter 142 on one side of the base, pass through the sole of a shoe placed on the cavity 112 before reaching a receiver 144 placed opposite .
    The dielectric characteristics of the soleplate thus interposed between a transmitter 142 and a receiver 144 influence the microwave transmission delay and the absorption thereof.
    By analyzing the delay between the transmission by a transmitter 142 and the reception on the associated receiver 144, as well as the amplitude of the microwaves received on a receiver 144 with respect to the reference transmitted by the associated transmitter 142, it is possible to thus to know the dielectric characteristics of the midsole.
    Compared with a cartography of reference materials, it is thus possible by analysis of the delay and the amplitude of the microwaves received on a receiver 144, to characterize the nature of the product comprising the sole of the shoe concerned.
    In particular, it is thus possible to characterize explosives having a characteristic signature in transmission and absorption delay.
    The control of the microwave transmitters 142 and the microwave receivers 144, the analysis of the transmission delay at each receiver 144 and the above-mentioned comparison, can be carried out by a processor referenced 180 in FIG. 12 is schematized in 182 a memory associated with the processor 180, which contains the pre-established mapping of reference materials.
    As shown schematically in FIG. 3, the analysis process can take into account the microwaves received directly by a receiving horn 149 placed strictly opposite a transmitter 142 (diagrammatically "D" in FIG. 3), but also optionally the microwaves coming from an oblique transmitter horn 142 (schematized in "O" in FIG. 3).
    This arrangement according to the invention intended to take into account on a receiver 144 not only the signal of a transmitter 142 placed directly opposite, but also the signal from a transmitter means 142 placed obliquely with respect to the receiver means 144 , applies not only to an oblique receiving means in the horizontal direction, but also to an oblique receiving means in the vertical direction,
    Taking into account the signal coming from an oblique transmitter means in the vertical direction, that is to say coming from an emitting means situated at a different height from the receiver means then associated obliquely, ie to a height greater than that of the receiving means or at a height less than this, provides information on the height of the sole of the shoe under test. Indeed, not only when the soleplate has a height lower than that of the emitter pairs 142 and horizontally aligned receivers 144 which are the highest, these high receivers 144 receive a direct signal different from the horizontal direct signal received by the lower receivers 144, but furthermore, the pairs of transmitting pairs 142 and 144 associated receivers in vertical oblique generate a signal proportional to the height of the soleplate under test, since the volume of material of the soleplate interposed between such a transmitter 142 and receiver 144 vertically oblique depends directly the height of the sole.
    As indicated previously in the context of the invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 12, there is also provided means for measuring the width of the element S interposed between a microwave transmitter element 142 and a microwave receiver element 144.
    These width measuring means are preferably formed based on infra-red emitter / receiver means.
    In the context of the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 5, a plurality of pairs 151 of emitter means 152 and respectively associated receiver means 154, on each side of the base 110, are thus provided.
    In other words, for example, there is provided a first pair of infra-red transducers comprising emitter means 152 and respective associated receiver means 154 on a first side of the base 110, and opposite, a second pair of infrared transducers. comprising other transmitter means 152 and other respectively associated receiver means 154 on the second opposite side of the base 110.
    The device further comprises means for analyzing the round trip time of the infrared between a transmitter 152 and the associated receiver 154. The infra-red emitted by a transmitter 152 is reflected on the outer surface of the sole S before being recovered by the adjacent associated receiver 154. The means for analyzing the round trip time of the infrared between a transmitter 152 and the associated receiver 154 are preferably formed by the processor 180.
    The infra-red emitters 152 and associated infrared receivers 154 are preferably placed on a microwave-transparent card 156 placed opposite the outlet mouth of the aforementioned horns 149.
    Preferably, the pitch of the emitters 152 / infrared receivers 154, that is to say the distance separating two such pairs of emitters 152 and receivers 154, is identical to that of emitters 142/144 microwave receivers.
    In other words, it is preferably provided on each side of the base 110, a transmitter pair 152 / receiver 154 infra-red respectively associated with each microwave transmitter 142 and each microwave receiver 144.
    Even more preferably, the emitter pairs 152 / infrared receivers 154, have the same distribution as the emitter pairs 142/144 microwave receivers. Typically there is thus provided a pair of emitter 152 / infrared receiver 154 opposite each pair of emitter 142/144 microwave receiver. This arrangement makes it possible to ensure that the zone targeted by a pair of emitter 152 / infrared receiver 154 is the same as that concerned by a pair of emitter 142 / microwave receiver 144 respectively associated and therefore allows a simple correlation, reliable and rigorous between the information from a pair of emitter 152 / infrared receiver 154 and that from a pair of emitter 142 / microwave receiver 144 associated respectively.
    There are thus preferably six pairs of emitters 152 and receivers 154 on one side of the sole and six pairs of emitters 152 and receivers 154 facing on the opposite second side of the sole.
    The infrared transmitters are referenced 152a to 1521 and the infrared receivers are referenced 154a to 1541 in FIG. 12.
    Knowing the width of the soleplate S interposed between a microwave transmitter 142 and the associated microwave receiver 144, thanks to the infrared measurement, the device according to the invention can carry out standardization by unit size, the delay of transmission and amplitude of the microwave signal received on a receiver 144.
    The aforementioned normalization can be performed by the processor 180.
    In other words, before normalization, a zone A of a sole having a double width of a zone B, of identical material, has in principle a transmission delay and a double attenuation of the zone B. After measuring the widths of the zones A and B and normalization of delay and absorption, with identical material, the two zones A and B will nevertheless have identical characteristics in terms of microwave transmission delay and absorption.
    In addition, zones A and C of a sole formed at least partly of different materials and therefore having different properties in terms of microwave transmission, for example in the case of a zone C housing an unauthorized object, will have different answers regarding delay of transmission and absorption.
    This is illustrated in Figures 9-11.
    Figure 9a shows schematically the profile of a shoe sole S formed of a homogeneous material.
    FIG. 9b shows the transmission delay curve measured using the transmitters 142 / microwave receivers 144 while FIG. 9c represents the absorption curve measured using the same transmitter means 142/144 microwave receivers when the sole The aforementioned shoe S is interposed between the emitter means 142 and the receiving means 144. The sole S being made of a homogeneous material, logically the curves of FIGS. 9b and 9c are generally homothetic of the thickness of the material of the sole traversed by the micro -ondes.
    FIG. 9d represents the width measurement curve obtained using the infrared transmitter / receiver means on the sole S.
    Figures 9e and 9f show transmission and absorption delay curves based on the curves of Figures 9b and 9c, but after normalization by size unit based on the curve of Figure 9d. As seen in Figures 9e and 9f, the material of the sole S being homogeneous, the normalized curves of Figures 9e and 9f are generally constant.
    Standardization makes it easy to determine that the sole is made of a homogeneous material.
    Figure 10 shows respectively similar views to Figure 9 for a different shoe sole profile. The profile of the transmission and absorption delay curves shown in FIGS. 10b and 10c accordingly differ from FIGS. 9b and 9c while remaining generally homothetic of the thickness of material of the soleplate traversed by the microwaves.
    However, in the case of a soleplate made of a homogeneous material, as can be seen in FIGS. 10e and 10f, the normalized transmission delay and absorption curves again become of constant amplitude.
    FIG. 11 represents respectively similar views to FIG. 9 for a shoe sole that houses an unauthorized body C having characteristics of microwave transmission delay and of microwave absorption different from that comprising the sole S It can be seen from the comparison of FIGS. 11b and 11c, 11c and 11f, respectively, that the normalization makes it possible to make clear the anomaly due to the presence of the unauthorized body C. The comparison of the amplitudes of the normalized curves as well as obtained with a library of prerecorded characteristics of specific products sought, can identify these products.
    The information available on the receivers 144 also makes it possible to detect microwave echoes returned horizontally on the interfaces of the soleplate and thus to detect stratifications formed by a juxtaposition in the horizontal direction of layers of materials having different properties with respect to the propagation of microwaves, resulting for example from the presence of pockets within the sole.
    As previously indicated, according to the invention, it is furthermore preferably provided with means 160 for measuring the thickness of the sole of the boot.
    According to a first variant according to the invention, these measuring means 160 are of the capacitive type.
    As illustrated in FIG. 6, according to the invention, electrodes 162 are preferably provided on the upper surface of the cavity 112, flush with the upper surface of the cavity 112 or protruding slightly above the cavity 112. .
    More specifically, it is preferably provided different distinct areas of electrodes 162 coinciding in their location on the depth of the device with the different microwave detection zones. It is thus preferably provided for at least six electrode zones 162 distributed over the depth of the base 110.
    This arrangement makes it possible to ensure that the zone facing an electrode 162 is the same as that concerned by a pair of emitter 142 / microwave receiver 144 respectively associated and therefore allows a simple, reliable and rigorous correlation between the information from a capacitive thickness measurement and that from a transmitter pair 142 / microwave receiver 144 respectively associated.
    Each electrode 162 may be formed of a plurality of points or of equivalent shape, for example in the form of pads.
    However preferably each electrode 162 has an annular shape coaxially surrounding the horn 174 of a microwave transmitter 172 whose function will be explained later, as illustrated in FIG. 6.
    The ring-shaped electrodes 162 are isolated from the aforementioned horns of the microwave emitters 172 so as not to disturb the respective measurements of these various means. By way of nonlimiting example, the external dimensions of the electrodes 162 may typically be of the order of 30 mm × 30 mm, while the width of the cones 174 at their widest width is between 10 and 15 mm, the the interval between the electrodes 162 and the cones being at least equal to 1 mm.
    The device further comprises an electric generator 164, typically an alternating current generator, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7, connected via a switch 165 in series of the aforementioned electrodes 162 and the handles 166 forming electrodes provided on the upper surfaces. side panels 120 and intended to be held by an individual under test.
    The electrodes 162 provided at the cavity 112 and the handles 166 forming electrodes provided at the upper surfaces of the side panels 120 may be subject to numerous variants. They may be formed by suitable electrically conductive pads, for example metal pads or any equivalent means. According to a particular embodiment, these electrodes are formed by a material comprising electrically conductive particles, for example nanotubes, integrated to form electrodes. Such an embodiment of the electrodes 166 by integration of electrically conductive particles in the mass of the side panels 120, and not in the form of a metal element superimposed on the upper edge of the panels 120, makes it possible to reassure the individuals under test who are asked to place hands on the panels 120 avoiding to give them the feeling of contacting beaches placed under electrical tension.
    The electrical generator 164 is adapted to typically emit an alternating voltage of between 0.1 V and 10 V, advantageously of the order of 1 volt, under an impedance of 10 kΩ, and this at a frequency preferably of between 1 and 10 kHz. The invention is however not limited to this particular value of voltage or frequency.
    The capacity defined between the electrodes 162 and 166 depends essentially on the height or thickness of the sole of the shoe. The value of the impedance of this capacitance represented by the soleplate is also high relative to that of the human body interposed between the same electrodes 162 and 166. The switch 165 is closed when it is desired to proceed with the measurement.
    The measurement of the capacitance between on the one hand the electrodes 162 provided on the upper surface of the base 110 and thus underlying the lower surface of a sole and on the other hand the electrodes 166 provided on the upper surfaces of the panels 120, on which the hands of the tested user rest, can be made by any appropriate means 167 known to those skilled in the art, associated with the processor 180. This measurement makes it possible to determine the capacity of the soleplate and consequently the thickness of it.
    Typically this measurement can be made by measuring the voltage at the terminal of a resistor 168 placed in series with the electrodes 162 and 166, in a divider bridge, using an analog / digital converter integrated with the means 167. impedance of the human body being very low compared to that due to the capacity of the sole, the voltage taken across the resistor 168 is directly representative of the height of the sole.
    The knowledge of the thickness of the soleplate makes it possible to refine the reliability of the characterization of the material analyzed from the microwave transmitter / receiver means 140.
    Naturally, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments that have just been described but extends to any variant within its spirit.
    Preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the device according to the present invention further comprises means 170 based on microwave transmitters / receivers, adapted to detect microwave echoes of microwave waves emitted vertically under the microwaves. 112, in the direction of the foot of an individual.
    In FIG. 8 there is referenced 171 a support layer of a laminate adapted to withstand any type of heel or sole TS, 172 a microwave transmitter adapted to emit microwaves vertically upwards, 174 a guide horn associated, 162 a previously described electrode used for a capacitive measurement, P the foot of an individual and Ti the stem of the shoe.
    The means 172 forms alternately transmitter and receiver or alternatively there may be provided an adjacent transmitter and receiver pair associated with each horn 174. The receiver means thus integrated to detect the microwave echoes on the various interfaces or stratifications resulting from a vertical stack of successive layers having different properties of propagation with respect to microwaves, between the lower surface of the sole or heel TS and the upper surface of the sole which corresponds to the lower surface of the foot P.
    The means 170 thus make it possible to detect the presence of pocket or particular material within the mass of the sole or heel TS.
    The frequency of the microwaves emitted by the emitters 172 is preferably in the range of 5GHz to 30GHz, advantageously in the range of 12GHz to 20GHz. It is advantageously distinct from the frequency of the emitter means 142.
    More precisely, according to the invention, there are preferably several emitters 172 and receivers respectively associated two by two, distributed under the cavity 112 on the depth of the device.
    According to the invention, there is preferably a plurality of microwave transmitters 172 and associated receivers adapted to respectively cover at least three separate areas corresponding to the heel, arch and the front sole of a shoe.
    According to a preferred embodiment, there are thus provided six transmitters 172 distributed over the length of the cavity 112.
    Transmitters 172 and associated receivers may be aligned or arranged in any other manner, for example staggered, to optimally cover all existing shoe sole size ranges.
    Preferably the distribution of transmitters / receivers 172 over the depth of the device is also identical to that of emitters 142 and receivers 144, so that the area of a soleplate covered by a transmitter / receiver assembly 172 on the depth of the device is the same as that covered by a transmitter 142 / receiver 144.
    This arrangement makes it possible to ensure that the area targeted by a pair of transmitter / receiver 172 operating in the vertical direction for the thickness measurement of the soleplate is the same as that concerned by a pair of emitter 142/144 microwave receiver. respectively associated and therefore allows a simple, reliable and rigorous correlation between the information from a pair of transmitter / receiver 172 and that from a pair of emitter 142/144 respectively associated microwave receiver. The operation of the signals from the transmitters / receivers 172 can be the subject of many embodiments.
    According to a first embodiment, the signals from the emitters / receivers 172 are compared with a signal representative of a measurement of the thickness of the sole, for example the signal representative of the thickness of the sole obtained using electrodes 162 and the corresponding capacitive measurement. However, it may be a signal representative of the thickness of the sole obtained by any other means.
    Transmitter / receiver assemblies 172 make it possible to detect the echoes returned by the material interfaces resulting from a vertical stack within the baseplate and to detect the height of these interfaces by measuring the transmission and reception time of these echoes. The main echo is that produced by the lower surface of the foot which corresponds to the upper surface of the sole.
    A first direct comparison of the reception time of this main echo with the capacitive measurement of the thickness of the insole results in a first simple test.
    Indeed for a thin sole, the system waits for the reception of a main echo on the lower surface of the foot, after a transmission time and short reflection.
    Conversely for a thick sole, the system waits for reception of a main echo on the lower surface of the foot, after a longer transmission and reflection time.
    If however the system detects, while the capacitive measurement indicates a thick sole, a main echo after a transmission time and short reflection, the presence of a pocket or a foreign body within the sole, can be suspected.
    Standardization of the reception times of the echoes on the receivers 172 as a function of the thickness of the sole makes it possible to facilitate the detection of anomaly on a sole. Those skilled in the art will in fact understand from the examination of the appended FIGS. 20, 21 and 22 that, before normalization, it may be difficult to exploit the reception time of the different echoes, since, as shown in FIGS. 21c and 22c, the actual moments of reception of the echoes are influenced by both the thickness of the sole and the defects of homogeneity of the sole, after normalization according to the height of the sole, and therefore once the echo reception time freed from the influence of the height of the sole, the temporal distribution of the echoes is directly representative of the vertical constitution of the sole.
    The comparison of FIGS. 20d, 21d and 22d shows that the approximation of the first echoes 1a, in principle of low amplitude, resulting from a reflection on the lower surface of the sole, and expected main echoes is easy. Hence, the echoes which result from a vertical stratification of the sole, for example due to the presence of a pocket or a foreign body, can also be easily detected.
    Indeed, it can be seen, for example, in FIGS. 21c and 22c that spurious echoes epa can be confused with a main echo ep, before normalization. On the other hand, FIGS. 21d and 22d show that, after normalization, the echoes epa are clearly distinguishable from a main echo ep.
    As illustrated in Figures 2 and following, the device according to the invention may be further provided with a 190 shooting device, for example a camera, associated with a lighting system 192 to refine the monitoring of the positioning of the foot on the base.
    Such a camera can be used to memorize a photograph of each shoe tested and thus improve a stored database of shoe characteristics, to improve the reliability of subsequent measurements.
    It can also be used to help measure the geometry of the sole, in particular the width of the sole, and thus contribute to improving the reliability of the detection.
    A measurement of sole width obtained by pixel processing of the image taken by the camera can be used instead of the measurement of the width of the sole made by the emitters 152 / infra-red receivers 154, or in addition to these .
    It has moreover been found experimentally that certain support interface plates making up the upper surface of the base 110 generate a significant echo on the vertical waves generated by the emitters 172, which can complicate the analysis of the signals obtained at the output of the associated receivers.
    In order to simplify the signal processing and to avoid energy losses due to these echoes and thus to improve measurement accuracy, it is also proposed in the context of the present invention to add a coupling adapter for the waves emitted by the emitters. in said support plate 171.
    Preferably, such an adapter is formed of a set of pyramid-shaped blocks 310 inserted respectively in each cone 174 of a transmitter 172.
    The various pyramids 310 are preferably made of material on a common plate 171.
    The arrangement of the pyramids 310 on the plate 171 must of course respect the arrangement and the distribution of the cones 174. Thus according to the representation given in Figures 17 to 19 appended there is provided 6 aligned pyramids arranged in a step identical to that of the transmitters 172 and associated horns 174. This alignment provision is however not imperative, the essential being that the distribution of the pyramids respects that of the cones 174.
    The pyramids 310 and the plate 171 may be made by molding, for example polytetrafluoroethylene or polystyrene.
    According to FIGS. 17 to 19, the pyramids 310 are more precisely shaped on a sub-assembly of a support plate 171 whose contour reproduces the geometry of a sole and serves as an impression 112 to impose precise positioning of the shoe. The invention is however not limited to this precise provision.
    The points of the pyramids 310 are directed towards the emitters 172. Thus, the microwaves emitted by the emitters 172 penetrate substantially without reflection into the pyramids 310 by progressive coupling and propagate in them, pass through the support plate 171, then reach the superimposed sole.
    According to the invention, the device may further comprise auxiliary detection means such as metal detection coils, means for sampling vapor or traces of particles, for example narcotics or explosives, in particular based on nozzles. suction, means of analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance, in particular based on Helmholtz coils, complex impedance analysis means and radioactive radiation detector means. These additional means of measurement and detection are shown schematically in the reference numeral 200 in FIG.
    The combination of the transverse or horizontal measurement obtained using the transducers 142, 144 and 152, 154 on the one hand and the height or vertical measurement obtained using the transducers 170 on the other hand, or by measurement capacitive or even by any equivalent means for example by analysis of the image taken by the camera 190, provides information on the volume of the base of the shoe concerned.
    The combination of all the information obtained in the context of the invention also makes it possible to take into account the great disparity of structures, compositions and geometries of existing shoes on the market. The person skilled in the art understands that all the information obtained in the context of the invention (measurement of the amplitude of absorption of microwaves by a horizontal band of the sole or the propagation time of the microwaves in such a horizontal strip of sole using means 142/144, measuring the width of the corresponding horizontal sole strip using means 152/154 or 190, measuring the height of the sole using the capacitive means 162/166 or the means 172/174), can be compared and compared, at least two by two, or even in their entirety to improve the reliability and consistency of the results obtained, both with respect to the basic generation of detection of an anomaly that as for the provision of more precise information relating to the location, the importance, the geometry and the nature of an anomaly found.
    The implementation of the present invention has previously been described in the context of a device whose bases have previously been described in documents FR 2860631, EP 1574879, FR 2889338 and FR 2911212, comprising a support base 10 formed of a step whose upper surface has a footprint 12 and a stop 14 for receiving and positioning a single foot of an individual wearing a shoe.
    However, the invention is not limited to this particular embodiment. As shown in the appended FIG. 23, the present invention can also be applied to devices in which the support base is adapted to simultaneously receive the two feet P of an individual.
    In this case, however, it is preferable, to enable detection respectively and individually on each of the two feet P of an individual under test, to project on the upper surface of the base three blocks 320, 330 and 340 between which must be positioned both feet P so that the central block 330 is placed between the two feet P, while the two side blocks 320 and 340 are respectively disposed on the outside of the feet. The central block 330 houses detection means associated with the blocks 320 and 340, respectively, to enable the aforementioned different measurements respectively on each of the two legs P. Thus, the central block 330 preferably houses transmitter means 142 / receivers 144 for the measuring the amplitude of absorption of microwaves and the propagation time, as well as infra-red transducers 152/154 for measuring the width of each of the two flanges S, separately.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Detecting device for the detection of unauthorized objects or materials, comprising a support base (110) designed to receive at least one foot coated with his shoe, an individual to control, characterized in that it further comprises means (170) adapted to detect a stratification by vertical stacking, in the sole, by detecting successive echoes following a wave emission to the sole.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (170) adapted to detect stratification by vertical stacking in the sole, by detecting successive echoes following a wave emission to the sole, are microwave base.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of means (170) adapted to detect successive vertical echoes distributed over the length of the device.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises means (160) for measuring the electrical capacitance formed by the sole of a shoe placed on the support base (110). ).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises handles (166) placed in the upper part of panels (120) integral with the support base (110).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the handles (166) comprise electrodes.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrodes formed on the handles (166) are made of an electrically conductive material embedded in the mass of the panels (120).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises an electric generator (164) connected in series of handles (166) provided on side panels (120) and electrodes (162) placed on the support base (110).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the electrodes placed on the support base (110) are concentric horns (174) associated with microwave transducers (172) adapted to generate microwaves vertically in a sole.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Device according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the electric generator (164) is adapted to generate a voltage between 0.1V and lOV, preferably of the order of 1 volt.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means (310) microwave coupling adapter, interposed between microwave transducers (172) and a plate (171) support of foot.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the adapter means (310) comprises a pyramid engaged in each horn (174) associated with a microwave transducer (172), integral with the foot support plate ( 171).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that l comprises signal normalization means from the detection means of a vertical stratification (172), on the basis of a signal representative of the estimated height of the sole.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, taken in combination with claim 2, characterized in that each transmitter and microwave receiver (142, 144) is associated with a focusing horn (149).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it further comprises: microwave transmitter / receiver means (140, 142, 144), - means (150) for measuring the width of an element interposed between the microwave transmitter / receiver means (140, 142, 144), - means for analyzing at least one transmission delay parameter between the microwave transmitter / receiver means ( 140, 142, 144) and / or the amplitude of the signal transmitted between the microwave transmitter / receiver means (140, 142, 144), and - normalization means of the aforementioned analysis with respect to a unit of standard width size obtained on the basis of the width measuring means (150).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises at least one microwave transmitter means (142) placed on one side of the base (110) and at least one receiving means microwaves (144) placed on the opposite side of the base (110) so that the microwaves emitted by the microwave emitter means (142) pass through the sole of the shoe placed on the support base (110). ) before reaching the associated microwave receiver means (144) on the opposite side of the base (110) and the means (150) for measuring the width of the element interposed between the micro transmitter / receiver means -ondes (140, 142, 144) include infrared transceivers (152, 154) adapted to measure the round trip delay between an infra-red transmitter (152) and the infra-red receiver (154). ) associated.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it comprises several sets of detection means (142, 144; 152, 154; 162; 172, 174) each comprising a plurality of geographically distributed detection means. similarly for all of said sets of detection means.
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it comprises a device (190) for shooting the shoe, in particular the sole and means for analyzing the signal from the device (190) Shooting for estimation of a sole width.
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    19. A method of analyzing the signals from the different measuring means of a device according to one of claims 1 to 18 and generating an alarm in case of detection of an anomaly.
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    20. The method of claim 19, characterized in that it comprises at least one step of normalizing signals representative of the stratification of the sole, according to a second measurement representative of the height of the sole.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3232235B1|2018-09-26|Detector of unauthorised objects or materials concealed in a shoe
    EP1752794B1|2012-10-10|Detector of unauthorised objects in a protected access zone
    FR2911212A1|2008-07-11|DETECTOR OF PRODUCTS NOT ALLOWED IN A PROTECTED ACCESS ZONE
    EP3470887A1|2019-04-17|Device and method for inspecting the leg of an individual to detect the wearing of fraudulent items
    JP7015692B2|2022-02-03|Detector of fraudulent objects or substances hidden in shoes
    EP3470891A1|2019-04-17|Inspection of a shoe with a thermal camera
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN107907917A|2018-04-13|
    FR3050285B1|2019-09-06|
    US10641890B2|2020-05-05|
    EP3318902B1|2022-02-16|
    US20180313948A1|2018-11-01|
    AU2018200598B2|2020-02-06|
    EP3232235A1|2017-10-18|
    JP2018100972A|2018-06-28|
    FR3050284B1|2019-09-06|
    KR20180005734A|2018-01-16|
    JP7001470B2|2022-01-19|
    CA2964406C|2020-04-14|
    FR3050283A1|2017-10-20|
    US20180321372A1|2018-11-08|
    KR20170118614A|2017-10-25|
    AU2018200594A1|2018-02-08|
    FR3050285A1|2017-10-20|
    RU2017112775A|2018-10-15|
    AU2017202468B2|2020-01-30|
    CN108227009B|2020-05-05|
    PT3232235T|2019-01-08|
    AU2018200598A1|2018-02-08|
    CN107300724B|2020-12-15|
    US10948586B2|2021-03-16|
    RU2728921C2|2020-08-03|
    CA3050509A1|2017-10-15|
    US10890655B2|2021-01-12|
    CN107300724A|2017-10-27|
    EP3318901A1|2018-05-09|
    PL3232235T3|2019-03-29|
    US20170343666A1|2017-11-30|
    JP2017198667A|2017-11-02|
    HK1252436A1|2019-05-24|
    ES2701148T3|2019-02-21|
    AU2020202867B2|2021-12-23|
    JP2018096998A|2018-06-21|
    FR3050283B1|2018-04-20|
    RU2017112775A3|2020-05-28|
    AU2020202867A1|2020-05-21|
    AU2017202468A1|2017-11-02|
    CA2964406A1|2017-10-15|
    CA3050508A1|2017-10-15|
    DK3232235T3|2018-12-10|
    EP3232235B1|2018-09-26|
    EP3318901B1|2022-02-09|
    CN108227009A|2018-06-29|
    KR20180005733A|2018-01-16|
    RU2678484C1|2019-01-29|
    RU2681662C1|2019-03-12|
    EP3318902A1|2018-05-09|
    CN107907917B|2020-04-07|
    JP7001360B2|2022-01-19|
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    法律状态:
    2017-04-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-10-20| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20171020 |
    2018-04-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-04-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-04-07| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1653385|2016-04-15|
    FR1653385A|FR3050283B1|2016-04-15|2016-04-15|DETECTOR OF OBJECTS OR UNAUTHORIZED MATERIALS DISSIMILATED IN A SHOE|
    FR1655726A|FR3050284B1|2016-04-15|2016-06-20|DETECTOR OF OBJECTS OR UNAUTHORIZED MATERIALS DISSIMILATED IN A SHOE|FR1655726A| FR3050284B1|2016-04-15|2016-06-20|DETECTOR OF OBJECTS OR UNAUTHORIZED MATERIALS DISSIMILATED IN A SHOE|
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