• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for regulating the injection pressure of a polymeric aqueous solution in an oil well, said apparatus consisting of a series of linear tubes each provided with a pressure gauge, each tube being separated by a valve, characterized in that the valves are gate valves and / or needle valves. Method for reducing the injection pressure of an aqueous polymeric solution as a function of the pressure of the well using the apparatus
    公开号:FR3046194A1
    申请号:FR1563188
    申请日:2015-12-23
    公开日:2017-06-30
    发明作者:Emmanuel Pich；Julien Bonnier
    申请人:SNF SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING INJECTION PRESSURE IN THE ASSISTED RECOVERY OF PETROLEUM
    Enhanced oil recovery (RAP) by injection of viscous polymer solutions is developing with some difficulties due to the potential for mechanical degradation of the polymer.
    In fact, the polymers used, in particular the polyacrylamides, undergo a degradation of the molecular weight when subjected to shearing. This effect is all the more important as the molecular weight is high and the polymer concentration is low.
    In the 1970s and 1980s, after the first oil shock, RAP grew in the United States with the use of low molecular weight polymers at around 10 million daltons.
    In the 1990s, there was an important research to increase molecular weights to obtain high viscosities with a low dosage. Today, in this application, the molecular weights are greater than 20 million with a high sensitivity to mechanical degradation because they are injected at a low concentration of 50 to 2000 ppm.
    An oil field comprises between 10 wells and several thousand water injection wells in secondary recovery, the primary being the autogenous production of oil.
    When it is desired to inject a polymer solution on a field in which water is injected, a stock solution usually concentrated to 0.5 to 2% of very high molecular weight polymer is first prepared.
    This solution is then distributed at 50-2000 parts per million to be injected by various methods.
    Usually, on an oil field, a single water injection pump feeds several wells. But because of the heterogeneity of the fields, the injection pressures are different from one well to another. For this, we install at the head of wells a control valve or pressure regulator called choke. The polymer solution can not pass through this choke without a degradation that increases with the pressure drop, in a non proportional manner from ΔΡ of about 20 to 30 bars.
    These shocks of various types do not allow the necessary pressure reduction on a polymer solution, without a degradation that becomes virtually exponential when the pressure increases.
    To remedy this degradation problem, mechanical equipment has been used:
    The stock solution and the low pressure water are pumped by a high pressure displacement pump at such a rate that the pressure of the well is maintained;
    The water and the polymer are mixed at high pressure with the final pressure, this solution passing through a calibrated tube of adaptable length creating the necessary pressure drop without degrading the polymer. In this apparatus, the degradation for pressure differences of 50 bar, the speed of the solution with a usual concentration of 1000-2000 ppm and a molecular weight of 20 million should not exceed about 11 m / sec (US Patent 2015 / 0041143);
    The mixture can also be passed through a positive displacement pump, for example a gear pump, whose speed and therefore the flow rate are controlled by a hydraulic or electric brake.
    In the 80s, Marathon has filed two patents interesting in principle, but not adaptable to current field conditions:
    U.S. Patent 4,782,847 includes a needle valve (also referred to as a needle valve) and tube sections with Vortex-effect restrictions. Tests conducted with oil companies on dilute (1000 ppm) low viscosity (<20 cps) solutions with 20 million molecular weight polymers allowed the needle valve to reduce pressure by 7 to 10 bar without further degradation at 2%. The Vortex orifices and the needle valve do not allow a permanent adjustment on a well where the variation in time can be 50 bars. It is therefore necessary to dismantle the system to adapt Vortex sleeves, which is excluded on important fields.
    US Patent 4,510,993 uses a single needle valve or needle compensator system, but has much greater limitations than the above patent.
    A petroleum company currently requires: - A degradation at 50 bar of 10% maximum viscosity (sometimes 5%);
    On viscosities of the order of 3 to 30 cps much more degradable than concentrated solutions; With polymer concentrations of 50 to 2000 ppm giving very variable viscosities because of the effect of salinity on viscosity.
    Today, fields are treated with more than 50,000 ppm NaCl: - With equipment that does not require disassembly for years (an RAP can last from 10 to 20 years); - The pressure variation can be done in a very simple way wellhead;
    And a pressure variation on a well of at least 50 bars.
    These are conditions that did not exist in the 1980s and it would be illusory today to use a needle valve or an inline piston and needle valve as described in USP 4,553,594.
    To overcome the problems of the prior art, the Applicant has developed a multiple valve system with cap or needle each separated by straight lengths of tube. The subject of the invention is therefore an apparatus for regulating the injection pressure of a polymeric aqueous solution in an oil well, said apparatus consisting of a series of linear tubes each provided with a pressure gauge, each tube being separate by a valve.
    The device is characterized in that the valves are gate valves and / or needle valves.
    The intermediate pressure gauges are used to distribute the pressure drops to obtain the minimum degradation. Obviously, this degradation will be a function of the flow rate and it will be necessary to calculate the diameters to not exceed the limit speed of degradation depending on the composition of the solution.
    The length of the linear tubes can be very small, preferably between 10 and 50 centimeters.
    In practice, the linear tubes and the valves are made of stainless steels, in particular austenitic-ferritic steels called "superduplex" or austenitic steels hardened on the surface (vacuum nitriding, kolsterisation) having a high mechanical resistance and a strong holding to corrosion. The use of austeno-ferritic steels called "superduplex" of high mechanical strength allows the reduction of erosion due to cavitation of the vortex effect.
    When the pressure apparatus of the invention contains gate valves, the linear tubes connected to the valves have a greater diameter than the passage of the valve which allows the vortex effect
    When the pressure apparatus of the invention contains needle valves, the vortex effect is minimal. The valves alone can regulate the injection pressure.
    The conditions for each oil well are very variable: - injection pressure per well; - Pressure reduction necessary; - Difference of pressure of the injected water with respect to the pressure of the well;
    Salinity of water, in particular salts of Na +, Ca2 +, Mg2 + which strongly influence the viscosity; - water temperature; - Viscosity to reach; - Acceptable degradation ...
    Tests are absolutely necessary to determine the diameter, the number of linear tubes and the length of the apparatus. To avoid degradation on high pressure drops (50 bar), the apparatus consists for example of 6 linear vortex lengths and 5 gate valves, inducing a minor degradation of the polymer.
    In practice, the number of valves is between 3 and 20, preferably 5 to 15. The invention also relates to a method for reducing the injection pressure of a polymeric aqueous solution according to the pressure of the well. implementing the apparatus previously described in an enhanced oil recovery process.
    More precisely, the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: calculating the pressure reduction ΔΡ necessary by subtracting the injection pressure at the wellhead from the pressure of the main injection pump; determine by shop tests the diameter, the number of linear tubes and the length of the pressure regulating device at the specific flow rate; injecting the aqueous polymeric solution into the main pipe, adjusting the linear tube pressure drop and the associated valve by performing a measurement of pressure at each linear tube by means of the pressure gauge and balancing said pressure drop between the linear tubes at the using different valves.
    As the injection takes place, the device can be adjusted to the required pressure with ease, either manually or with the aid of a programmable controller giving the necessary injection value.
    The method makes it possible to obtain a degradation of the viscosity of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%. The pressure regulating apparatus according to the invention is preferably positioned downstream of the manifold (manifold). Those skilled in the art can make adaptations of the apparatus and the process for each particular case. Thus, one skilled in the art can combine the different possibilities described to obtain the desired result. In particular, the degradation reduction can be obtained by increasing the number of valves for the same flow, thereby reducing the pressure drop per valve. The invention and the advantages derived therefrom will emerge from the following examples, in support of the appended figures.
    Figure 1 shows an example of apparatus with gate valves (1) and intermediate pressure gauges (2).
    Figure 2 shows an example of apparatus with needle valves (3) and intermediate pressure gauges (2).
    Example No. 1:
    On a 4-well injection platform, the pressure of the water pump is 160 bar. Well pressures are 130, 125, 120, 110 bar.
    Laboratory tests with the injected brine determined a concentration of copolymer (FLOPAM®) acrylamide / Na acrylate copolymers of 20 million molecular weight) of 800 ppm for a final viscosity of 21 cps and an oil viscosity of 20 cps. . The injection rate per well is 19 m3 / h.
    Four pressure reducers consisting of six straight linear tubes 30 cm in length, 20 mm internal diameter separated by 14 mm gate valves are constructed.
    These reducers are installed on the 4 wells and with the help of manometers, one adjusts the ΔΡ by section to:
    Well at 130 bars: 5 bars;
    Well at 125 bars: 7 bars;
    Well at 120 bar: 8 bars; - Well at 110 bars: 10 bars.
    Then, the injection pressure is finally adjusted by slightly changing these values.
    Samples are taken at the wellhead with a standard API RP63 sampling device, section 6.4. The following degradations are noted: - At 130 bar: not measurable; At 125 bars: very low (1-2%); At 120 bars: 2%; A110bars 4%.
    Which is perfectly acceptable.
    As the injection takes place, each device can be adjusted to the required pressure with ease, either manually or with the aid of a programmable controller giving the necessary injection value.
    Example 2:
    On the same wells, a pressure reducer is installed comprising 5 needle valves of diameter Vi inch. After adjusting the pressures, the following deteriorations are observed: at 130 bars: very low At 125 bars: 1 to 2% At 120 bars: 3%; A110bars 6%.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1 / Apparatus for regulating the injection pressure of a polymeric aqueous solution in an oil well, said apparatus consisting of a series of linear tubes each provided with a pressure gauge, each tube being separated by a valve, characterized in that the valves are gate valves and / or needle valves.
    [0002]
    2 / Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the valves are exclusively gate valves.
    [0003]
    3 / Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the valves are exclusively valves needle.
    [0004]
    4 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the linear tubes is between 10 and 50 centimeters.
    [0005]
    5 / Apparatus according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the case of gate valves, the linear tubes have a length of between 10 and 50 centimeters and have a larger diameter than the passage of the valves.
    [0006]
    6 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the linear tubes are made of stainless steels, in particular austeno-ferritic steels called "superduplex" or austenitic steels cured on the surface.
    [0007]
    7 / A method for reducing the injection pressure of a polymeric aqueous solution as a function of the pressure of the well implementing the apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, in an enhanced oil recovery process, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: calculating the necessary pressure reduction by subtracting the injection pressure at the wellhead from the pressure of the main injection pump; determine by shop tests, the diameter, the number of linear tubes and the length of the pressure regulating device for the flow rate to be injected; injecting the aqueous polymeric solution into the main pipe, adjusting the pressure drop by linear tube by making a pressure measurement at each linear tube and associated valve by means of the pressure gauge and balancing said pressure drop between the linear tubes using different valves.
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    同族专利:
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    US20160168954A1|2016-06-16|
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    RU2018122438A3|2020-03-13|
    FR3046194B1|2018-01-05|
    WO2017109334A1|2017-06-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3477467A|1967-10-05|1969-11-11|Dow Chemical Co|Adjustable pressure reducing valve|
    US4510993A|1982-03-25|1985-04-16|Marathon Oil Company|Flow control apparatus and method|
    US4782847A|1982-06-23|1988-11-08|Marathon Oil Company|Flow control apparatus and method|
    US20120292029A1|2011-05-20|2012-11-22|Global Environmental Solutions, Inc|Linear pressure reducer for regulating injection pressure in an enhanced oil recovery system|
    US20150041143A1|2014-10-01|2015-02-12|S.P.C.M. Sa|Apparatus For Controlling Injection Pressure In Offshore Enhanced Oil Recovery|
    US4553594A|1982-03-25|1985-11-19|Marathon Oil Company|Flow control method|
    RU2012780C1|1991-03-21|1994-05-15|Институт проблем транспорта энергоресурсов|Method for metering of chemical agent injected into well|
    RU2010124468A|2010-06-15|2011-12-20|Загир Агзамнурович Шарифуллин |METHOD FOR PREVENTING CATASTROPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN VIOLATION OF INTEGRITY OF PIPELINES DURING OPERATION, DEVICE AND CUTTING VALVES FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD|
    US8801859B2|2011-05-04|2014-08-12|Renmatix, Inc.|Self-cleaning apparatus and method for thick slurry pressure control|
    FR3046194B1|2015-12-23|2018-01-05|S.P.C.M. Sa|APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING INJECTION PRESSURE IN THE ASSISTED RECOVERY OF PETROLEUM|FR3033642B1|2015-03-11|2018-07-27|S.P.C.M. Sa|DEVICE FOR ON-LINE CONTROL OF THE QUALITY OF A SOLUBLE POLYMER SOLUTION MADE FROM REVERSE EMULSION OR POWDER OF SUCH POLYMER|
    FR3046194B1|2015-12-23|2018-01-05|S.P.C.M. Sa|APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING INJECTION PRESSURE IN THE ASSISTED RECOVERY OF PETROLEUM|
    FR3057011B1|2016-10-03|2018-11-02|S.P.C.M. Sa|INJECTION PRESSURE REGULATING APPARATUS FOR THE ASSISTED RECOVERY OF PETROLEUM BY POLYMER|
    法律状态:
    2016-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-06-30| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170630 |
    2017-12-22| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: S.P.C.M. SA, FR Effective date: 20171121 |
    2017-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-12-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-12-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-12-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1563188|2015-12-23|
    FR1563188A|FR3046194B1|2015-12-23|2015-12-23|APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING INJECTION PRESSURE IN THE ASSISTED RECOVERY OF PETROLEUM|FR1563188A| FR3046194B1|2015-12-23|2015-12-23|APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING INJECTION PRESSURE IN THE ASSISTED RECOVERY OF PETROLEUM|
    CA2920032A| CA2920032A1|2015-12-23|2016-02-05|Device for regulating injection pressure in enhanced oil recovery|
    US15/049,575| US10352141B2|2015-12-23|2016-02-22|Device for regulating injection pressure in enhanced oil recovery|
    CN201680075497.0A| CN108431366A|2015-12-23|2016-12-14|Device for adjusting the injection pressure in auxiliary oil recovery|
    BR112018012710-8A| BR112018012710A2|2015-12-23|2016-12-14|injection pressure regulating apparatus of a polymeric aqueous solution, and process for reducing injection pressure of a polymeric aqueous solution.|
    GB1809973.9A| GB2561314B|2015-12-23|2016-12-14|Apparatus for regulating injection pressure in assisted oil recovery|
    PCT/FR2016/053415| WO2017109334A1|2015-12-23|2016-12-14|Apparatus for regulating injection pressure in assisted oil recovery|
    RU2018122438A| RU2742425C2|2015-12-23|2016-12-14|Device for controlling injection pressure during forced oil extraction|
    NO20180885A| NO20180885A1|2015-12-23|2018-06-25|Apparatus for regulating injection pressure in assisted oil recovery|
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