• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an avionics system of an aircraft comprising in-line replaceable units that can exchange messages with each other via a bus (40), said replaceable units being mounted in a rack (20). According to the invention, said avionic system comprises: - a monitoring device (10) comprising a connector (11) electrically connected to said bus (40) in which an in-line replaceable unit (30) is plugged in to be electrically connected to said bus ( 40), said monitoring device (10) being arranged to monitor messages exchanged between units of the avionics system, said monitoring device (10) comprising: - an acquisition unit (100) and a storage unit (140) for storing the stored digital data and the corresponding clock data. The present invention also relates to a device for monitoring such an avionic system.
    公开号:FR3042053A1
    申请号:FR1559422
    申请日:2015-10-05
    公开日:2017-04-07
    发明作者:Dominique Pronto；Lionel Deramond
    申请人:Airbus Operations SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to an avionics system of an aircraft having on-line replaceable units for exchanging messages between them via one or more communication buses and a monitoring device for monitoring messages exchanged between an on-line replaceable unit of said avionics system and at least one other unit of said avionics system.
    The various devices of an avionics system are in the form of units that are pluggable in a rack so that they can be replaced, for example in case of failure, easily and very quickly, even if the aircraft in question is in flight. . Such units are commonly referred to in the field of aircraft by their acronym LRU meaning Line Replaceable Unit. In the present description, said LRU units are called online replaceable units.
    For example, an avionics system that processes all the communication functions between the ground and the aircraft includes a unit called ATSU, which stands for Air Traffic Services Unit and a so-called VDR radio unit. Very High Frequency Data Radio (VHF Data Radio). Each of these units is housed in an LRU unit. The first integrates an air / ground communications router for the routing of AOC (Airline Operational Control) and ATC (Air Traffic Control) type services, which are exchanged between the aircraft. aircraft crew and the company for AOC applications, on the one hand and, air control entities for ATC applications, on the other hand. In addition, this ATSU unit also has the function of encoding the applications exchanged. As for the second LRU unit (VDR type), it is connected among others to the ATSU unit, and serves as a physical support for the exchange of communications between the aircraft in question and the ground in a frequency band corresponding to the VHF band. This VDR radio unit thus allows the exchange of voice signals between the aircraft and the ground as well as digital data via a "datalink" stream.
    It is necessary to record the data that is exchanged between the LRU units of an avionics system for various reasons, if only to check whether each of these LRUs are working properly, particularly in the case of air traffic. dense where messages may not be transmitted because of a very high data traffic and thus be able to reissue said messages, and if this is not the case, either remedy the situation that caused the malfunction, or, if necessary, to replace the failed unit with another of the same type.
    Today, such recordings are made by means of large recorders placed in the cabin of the aircraft and which are connected by specific cables to the different LRU units. It turns out that this recording process is complex, introduces relatively large delays and creates interference between the recorded signals and the operational signals due mainly to the fact that the cables connecting the LRU units and the recorder radiate in the same manner. 'an antenna. It is also known to use specific recorders placed in the avionics bay. But again, it turns out that this process introduces relatively significant delays and also creates interference between recorded signals and operational signals, as previously due to the length of the cables.
    There is therefore an interest in having means for monitoring the messages exchanged between an on-line replaceable unit (so-called LRU units) of an avionic system and at least one other unit of said avionic system that do not have the drawbacks mentioned above. and, in particular, which do not interfere, by recording, with the operational signals.
    The present invention therefore proposes an avionics system of an aircraft comprising on-line replaceable units able to exchange messages with one another via one or more communication buses, said replaceable units being mounted in a rack. To simplify the description of the invention, a set of communication buses will be considered as a single bus (a global interface) throughout the present application and will be called "the communication bus".
    According to the present invention, said avionic system comprises a monitoring device mounted in said rack having a connector which, on the one hand, is electrically connected to said bus and in which, on the other hand, an in-line replaceable unit mounted in said rack is plugged in to be electrically connected to said bus, said monitoring device comprising: an acquisition unit for acquiring the signals transmitted or received by said on-line replaceable unit plugged into said connector when exchanging messages with at least one other unit of said avionic system, for converting said signals into storable digital data and for assigning said data with clock data, and - a storage unit for storing the storable digital data and the corresponding clock data.
    The present invention also relates to a device for monitoring an avionic system such as has just been described and which is characterized in that it comprises: a connector intended to be plugged into a connector housed in said rack and electrically connected to said bus, - a connector which is connected to said connector and in which an in-line replaceable unit mounted in said rack can be plugged in to be electrically connected to said bus via said connector, said monitoring device comprising: - an acquisition unit for acquiring the signals transmitted or received by said in-line replaceable unit plugged into said connector when exchanging messages with at least one other unit of said avionics system, for converting said signals into storable digital data and for assigning said data data to clock, and - a storage unit for storing the stored digital data and the corresponding clock data.
    The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being given in relation to the attached drawings, among which:
    Fig. shows an installation of a monitoring device of an avionics system according to the invention and, in a first embodiment,
    Fig. lb shows an installation of a monitoring device of an avionic system according to the invention and, in a second embodiment,
    Fig. 2a shows an installation of a monitoring device of an avionic system according to the invention and, in a third embodiment, variant of the first embodiment,
    Fig. 2b shows an installation of a monitoring device of an avionic system according to the invention and, in a fourth embodiment, variant of the second embodiment,
    Fig. 2c shows an installation of a monitoring device of an avionic system according to the invention and this, in a fifth embodiment, variant of the second embodiment, and
    Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the functional means of a monitoring device according to the present invention. The invention therefore relates to an avionics system of an aircraft comprising in-line replaceable units (also called LRU units) that can exchange messages between them via a bus, said replaceable units LRU being mounted in a rack. An avionics system according to the invention comprises a monitoring device for monitoring the messages exchanged between units of the avionics system via this bus.
    Such a monitoring device 10, arranged between a rack and an LRU unit, as shown in Figs, la and lb and Figs. 2a and 2b comprises a connector 11 which, on the one hand, is electrically connected to a bus 40 of an avionic system by which an LRU 30 exchanges messages with other units of said avionic system and in which, on the other hand, on the one hand, said LRU unit 30 is plugged in to be electrically connected to said bus 40. In addition, this monitoring device 10 is provided to be able to monitor the messages that pass through the bus 40 between said LRU unit 30 and at least one other unit of said system avionics.
    More specifically, in FIG. 1a shows a first embodiment of the present invention according to which a monitoring device 10 according to the invention is arranged at the bottom of a rack 20 and an LRU unit 30 is plugged into the connector 11 of the monitoring device 10 The connector 11 is provided to receive an additional connector 31 of the LRU unit 30 to provide the various electrical connections required. The monitoring device 10 is electrically connected to the bus 40 interconnecting the LRU units of the avionics system considered. In FIG. 2a, there is shown another embodiment, variant of this first embodiment, according to which the connector 11 is a generic connector and the connector 31 of the LRU 30 is a specific connector to the LRU 30 considered ( the connector 11 is thus represented wider than the connector 31). The generic connector 11 allows the connection of any type of specific connector 31 and therefore accepts any type of LRU units that do not all have the same connectivity. In FIG. 1b shows a second embodiment of the present invention according to which a monitoring device 10 according to the invention is plugged by means of a connector 12 onto a connector 21 mounted at the bottom of a rack 20 (the device 10 is therefore arranged in the rack 20) and an LRU 30 which is itself plugged into a connector 11 of the monitoring device 10 by means of a complementary connector 31. The connector 21 of the rack 20 is electrically connected to a bus 40 interconnecting the LRU units of the avionics system considered.
    In this embodiment, because of the extra thickness created by the monitoring device 10, a shim 50 is provided to ensure the mechanical assembly of the LRU unit 30. In FIG. 2b, there is shown another embodiment, variant of the second embodiment, wherein the connector 11 is a generic connector and the connector 31 of the LRU unit 30 is a specific connector LRU 30 considered unit. According to this variant, the connectors 12 and 21 are generic connectors. In FIG. 2c, there is shown another embodiment, variant of the second embodiment, in which the connectors 11 and 12 are generic connectors and the connectors 31 of the unit LRU 30 and 21 of the rack are connectors specific to the unit LRU 30 considered and the rack considered. In FIG. 3, there is shown a monitoring device 10 and the various functional means that constitute it. Thus, this monitoring device 10 comprises an acquisition unit 100 whose inputs receive the various signals present at the terminals of the connector 11 (on which an LRU unit can be plugged) of the monitoring device 10 and also present on the wires 101 which are connected to the bus 40 (either directly as in Figs, la and 2a, or via a connector 12 as in Figs, lb, 2b and 2c). The acquisition unit 100 comprises a router 110 which routes the various signals transmitted and received by the unit LRU 30 and present on the wires 101 for routing them, via electronic electrical isolation devices 111 to 113 enabling said signals to be transmitted. the son 101 not to be disturbed by the acquisition and not to create interference with each other, to the inputs of specialized acquisition cards 121 to 12n. In the case of ARINC429 signals, such electrical insulating devices 111 to 113 are, for example, optocouplers. The acquisition cards 121 to 12n can be removable and be implemented according to the use of the monitoring device 10 envisaged. They are for example plugged into slots provided for this purpose.
    For example, each of the specialized acquisition boards 121 to 12n makes it possible to acquire signals conforming to one of the following formats: analog, binary (NRZ, NRZI, etc.), RS232, RS422, CAN, Ethernet, ARINC429, AFDX, etc. The acquisition unit 100 further comprises a converter 130 for converting the digital signals output from the acquisition cards 121 to 12n in a format suitable for storage. In addition, the converter 130 assigns to each converted digital signal a clock data which is stored together with the converted digital signal.
    The monitoring device 10 also comprises a storage unit 140 which essentially consists of a mass memory 141, advantageously a non-volatile memory, for example of the FLASH type, and a memory management unit 142 for storing in the memory The mass memory 141 may also consist of a removable memory card, for example of SD, MicroSD, MS, MMC, CompactFlash, etc. type. can thus be read after storage by a remote analysis apparatus (not shown) provided for this purpose. The management unit 142 is designed to manage not only the writing and reading of the data in the mass memory 141, but also to manage the errors of writing, the lost data, for example by inserting flags for the data concerned. The management unit 142 is still provided for the storage operations to be performed in real time, the data from the converter 130 being written together with the corresponding clock data.
    The monitoring device 10 further includes a communications unit 150 which is provided for transmitting data read by the storage unit 140 to a remote analysis apparatus (not shown). This communications unit 150 can use at least one of the following technologies: Wi-Fi, WIMAX, Bluetooth®, Ethernet, USB, pUSB, etc. The management unit 142 is also designed to read the data that has been written in the mass memory 141 and transmit it to the communications unit 150 which then transmits it to a remote analysis apparatus. This operation can be done in deferred time, that is to say after recording the data.
    In real time, the management unit 142, at the same time as it transmits the data from the converter 130 to the mass memory 141, transmits this data to the communications unit 150 for transmission to a communication device. remote analysis. In this case, the communications unit 150 may receive synchronization data from the remote analysis apparatus. An SNMP protocol may also be implemented between the communications unit 150 and the remote apparatus.
    The operation of the acquisition unit 100, the storage unit 140 and the communications unit 150 is supervised by a control unit 160 which ensures the synchronization between these units 100, 140 and 150, control the start or stopping the records in the storage unit 140 according to, for example, the requests received from a remote analysis apparatus by the communications unit 150, encrypts the data read in the storage unit 140 before their transmission by the communications unit 150, detects the presence or absence of an LRU unit plugged into the connector 11 (for example, using RFID technology), etc. The control unit 160 also manages the various events occurring on the wires 101, for example their detection, their formalization, their recording in the storage unit 140, their transmission by the communications unit 150, etc.
    The monitoring device 10 also comprises a configuration unit 170 which makes it possible to configure the acquisition unit 100 and the storage unit 140, in particular its management unit 142. To do this, the monitoring device 10 enters into communication with a remote configuration system (not shown) for collecting the given values at configuration parameters, either by means of communication means 60 using USB, pUSB, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, etc.), or means of a memory card (not shown) in which are stored said values of configuration parameters. The values of these configuration parameters are for example entered manually by an operator or automatically according to the circumstances. These can be the parameters that are defined in an Interface Control Document (ICD).
    These configuration parameters can define the signals that are the object of the acquisition and therefore their type (analog, binary (NRZ, NRZI, etc.), RS232, RS422, CAN, Ethernet, ARINC429, AFDX, etc.). The parameters of the signals concern, for example, the pin of the connector 11 concerned, the wire concerned among the wires 101, the impedance adaptations which concern them (50Ω, 75Ω, infinite impedance, etc.), the desired recording duration, a possible delay in starting the recording, the triggering criterion (s), the type of clock signals assigned to them (local clock, Network Time Protocol (NTP), GPS, etc.), etc.
    The configuration can also relate to whether the data are stored in the mass memory 141 and / or if they are transmitted by means of the communications unit 150. It can also relate to the power supply mode of the monitoring device 10: internal power supply (batteries, batteries, etc.) or external (12V or 28V from aircraft power sources, power from USB interface or Ethernet interface [POE], etc.).
    An example of use of a monitoring device according to the invention is given below when it is installed between the bus 40 of an avionic system of an aircraft, which comprises an ATSU type LRU as mentioned in the preamble of this description, and a LRU unit of the VDR type.
    When the aircraft is on the ground, by means of a remote configuration system, such as a PC type computer, provided with a Wi-Fi interface, the monitoring device is configured using the communication means 60. During this configuration, the terminals of the connector 11 or the wires 101 to be monitored will be specified, the corresponding protocol types, here ARINC 429 at high speed, the recording duration, the type of the clock for the clock data Here, synchronized with the GPS signals, the type of the specific connectors 11 and 21 (see Fig. 1b) for the VDR type LRU 30 unit (defined both on the bus side 40 and the LRU side), etc. The monitoring device thus configured is plugged into the connector 21 of the rack 20 (see Fig. Lb) and the LRU unit 30 is plugged into the connector 11 of the monitoring device.
    In flight, when the ATSU unit transmits an application message to the LRU unit 30 of the VDR type (this message is supported by a bus of the ARINC 429 type according to the Williamsburg protocol) so that it is transferred to the ground, the unit acquisition 100 route the signals corresponding to this message (present on the son or son 101 which have been configured to do this) to the acquisition card 121 corresponding to the type of signals considered (here ARINC 429). The acquired signals are converted by the unit 130 and clock data is added. All of this data is written in the mass memory 141.
    In return, the VDR-type LRU 30 transmits to the ATSU unit a message of correct sending or non-sending of said message due to the traffic density in the area where the aircraft is located, said message then being recorded. in the mass memory 141 with the corresponding clock data.
    The two messages (ATSU -> VDR and VDR -> ATSU) are therefore stored in the mass memory 141 with the corresponding clock data. If the access to the mass memory 141 is faulty, a flag indicating that the data present is not valid is recorded. If such a flag is registered, the data is written again.
    If a particular event takes place, it is recorded in the mass memory 141, for example in a specific space of said mass memory 141.
    The data which is written in the mass memory 141 is advantageously encrypted, for example by the control unit 160.
    Returning to the ground of the aircraft, the content of the mass memory 141 is discharged from the mass memory 141, by the management unit 142, and transmitted to the communications unit 150 which in turn transmits it to a remote analysis apparatus (shown), for example by Wi-Fi. In the remote analysis apparatus, the discharged data can be analyzed.
    A monitoring device according to the invention is easy to install and is quickly. Because it takes up little space and is thus housed in the rack that receives the replaceable units online, it has no impact on the number of seats occupied in the aircraft, which does not was not the case when using large loggers.
    Moreover, since it does not require the use of cables to be connected to the bus 40, no noise is created on the signals of the bus 40 and the recorded signals. Likewise, these signals are not altered. In addition, no crosstalk is created between the analog signals.
    Finally, the power consumption is low. It is the same interference on the supply lines of the aircraft.
    The cost of such a device is low. It is simple to configure so that it is easily adaptable to new signal monitoring needs between LRUs.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    CLAIMS 1) avionics system of an aircraft comprising in-line replaceable units that can exchange messages between them via a bus (40), said replaceable units being mounted in a rack (20), characterized in that it comprises: - a monitoring device (10) arranged in said rack (20) having a connector (11) which is, on the one hand, electrically connected to said bus (40) and on the other hand, an in-line replaceable unit (30). mounted in said rack (20) is plugged to be electrically connected to said bus (40), said monitoring device (10) also being provided for monitoring messages exchanged via said bus (40) between said on-line replaceable unit ( 30) plugged into its connector (11) and other units of the avionics system, said monitoring device (10) comprising: - an acquisition unit (100) for acquiring the signals transmitted or received by said on-line replaceable unit ( 30) in plugged into said connector (11) when exchanging messages with at least one other unit of said avionics system, for converting said signals into digital data which can be stored and for assigning said data with clock data, and - a storage unit ( 140) for storing the storable digital data and the corresponding clock data.
    [0002]
    2) avionics system according to claim 1, characterized in that the connector (11) of said monitoring device (10) is a generic type connector for plugging and connecting any type of replaceable unit online (30) via a specific connector (31) of said unit (30).
    [0003]
    3) avionics system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said monitoring device (10) comprises another connector (12) electrically connected, on the one hand, to the connector (11) and, on the other hand, to said bus (40), said other connector (12) being plugged into a connector (21) at the bottom of said rack (20).
    [0004]
    4) avionics system according to claim 3, characterized in that the connector (12) of said monitoring device (10) is a generic type connector for its plugging and its connection to a connector (21) at the bottom of said rack (20) of the specific or generic type.
    [0005]
    5) avionics system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said monitoring device (10) further comprises a communications unit (150) to be able to transmit to a remote analysis device said stored data.
    [0006]
    6) avionics system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said monitoring device (10) further comprises a configuration unit (170) for configuring said acquisition unit (100) and said storage unit (140), said configuration unit (170) including an interface (60) for communicating with a configuration system and thereby inputting the values of the configuration parameters of said units (100 and 140).
    [0007]
    7) avionics system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said monitoring device further comprises a control unit (160) for controlling said acquisition unit (100), said storage unit (140) and said control unit. communication (150).
    [0008]
    8) avionics system according to claim 7, characterized in that said control unit (160) is provided for managing the different events concerning the signals transmitted or received by said on-line replaceable unit (30) during the exchange of messages with at least one other unit of said avionics system.
    [0009]
    9) avionics system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said acquisition unit (100) comprises a router (110) which routes the various signals transmitted or received by said replaceable unit online to route them to cards. specialized acquisition (121, 122, ..., 12n) function of the format of said acquired and routed signals.
    [0010]
    10) The avionics system according to claim 9, characterized in that said acquisition unit (100) comprises a converter (130) for converting the digital signals output from the specialized acquisition boards into digital data that can be stored and for assigning to said data clock data.
    [0011]
    11) An avionics system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said acquisition unit (100) comprises electrical isolation amplifiers (111, 112, 113) allowing said signals transmitted or received by said on-line replaceable unit. not to be disturbed by the acquisition and not to create interference between said signals.
    [0012]
    12) avionics system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said storage unit (140) comprises a mass memory (141) and a management unit (142), said management unit (142) being provided to manage the writing and reading data in said mass memory (141) as well as write errors and lost data by inserting, during storage, flags for the data concerned by said errors or losses.
    [0013]
    13) avionics system according to claim 12, characterized in that said mass memory (141) consists of a removable memory card and can be read by a remote analysis apparatus.
    [0014]
    14) avionics system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that said management unit (142) is provided for reading the data that has been written in the mass memory (141) and for transmitting said read data to the unit communications for transmission to a remote device.
    [0015]
    15) Device for monitoring an avionic system comprising in-line replaceable units mounted in a rack (20) and able to exchange messages between them via a bus (40), said monitoring device being provided for monitoring messages exchanged between units of the avionic system via said bus (40), characterized in that it comprises: - a connector (12) intended to be plugged into a connector (21) housed in said rack (20) and electrically connected to said bus (40), a connector (11) which is electrically connected to said connector (12) and in which an in-line replaceable unit (30) mounted in said rack (20) can be plugged in to be electrically connected to said bus (40) via said connector (12); ), said monitoring device (10) comprising: - an acquisition unit (100) for acquiring the signals transmitted or received by said in-line replaceable unit (30) plugged into said connector (11) during the exchange of my with at least one other unit of said avionics system, for converting said signals into stored digital data and for assigning clock data to said data, and - a storage unit (140) for storing the stored digital data and the data of corresponding clock.
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    法律状态:
    2016-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-04-07| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170407 |
    2017-10-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-10-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-10-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-10-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-10-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1559422|2015-10-05|
    FR1559422A|FR3042053B1|2015-10-05|2015-10-05|AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT SYSTEM COMPRISING REPLACEABLE UNITS IN LINE FOR EXCHANGING MESSAGES BETWEEN THEM AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING SUCH A PLANE SYSTEM|FR1559422A| FR3042053B1|2015-10-05|2015-10-05|AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT SYSTEM COMPRISING REPLACEABLE UNITS IN LINE FOR EXCHANGING MESSAGES BETWEEN THEM AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING SUCH A PLANE SYSTEM|
    US15/186,652| US10127175B2|2015-10-05|2016-06-20|Avionics system of an aircraft comprising line replaceable units that can exchange messages between them and device for monitoring such an avionics system|
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