专利摘要:
A float valve module (134; 200) includes a cylindrical housing (202) defining an internal flow path (302) and a check valve (204) is positioned within (118) of the housing (202) and movable between an open position, in which an upward and downward flow of fluid through the internal flow path (302) is permitted, and a closed position, wherein the ascending fluid flow is prevented while the downward fluid flow is permitted . An activating member (208) which is positioned in motion within (118) of the housing (202) between a first position, wherein the activating member (208) holds the check valve (204) in the open position, and a second position, in which the activation element (208) moves axially inside (118) of the housing (202) and disengages from the non-return valve (204). A resistor body (214) coupled to the activation element (208), and the downward fluid flow generates a resistance force on the resistor body (214) which places an axial force on the element activation device (208) for moving the activation element (208) to the second position.
公开号:FR3041735A1
申请号:FR1657873
申请日:2016-08-24
公开日:2017-03-31
发明作者:Christoher James Mericas；Todd Anthony Stair
申请人:Halliburton Energy Services Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FLOAT VALVE MODULE WITH DEACTIVATION DEPENDENT OF RESISTANCE FORCE
CONTEXT
In the oil and gas industry, the boreholes are dug into the earth's surface in order to have access to underground reservoirs for the extraction of hydrocarbons. Once dug, a wellbore is often lined with casing, which is secured inside the wellbore with cement. In a cementing technique, a cement composition is pumped through the interior of the casing down the well and is then returned to the earth's surface through the ring defined between the wall of the well bore and the tubing. In another cementing technique, generally referred to as reverse circulation cementation, the cement composition is pumped through the ring down the well and then is returned to the surface through the interior of the casing. Once the cement composition is cured within the ring, the casing helps stabilize the walls of the wellbore to prevent sagging and also isolates the various surrounding subterranean formations by preventing a flow or cross flow of the fluids of formation through the ring. The casing also provides a surface for attaching pressure control equipment and downhole production equipment.
When advancing a casing string into a wellbore filled with wellbore fluids (e.g., drilling fluid or other fluids), the casing may act as a plunger as it interacts with the fluids of the wellbore. The hydraulic forces resulting from such interaction can damage formations that are not very strong and require very long exposure times. In order to avoid this phenomenon, a self-filling float is often coupled to the end of the casing. The autofill float typically includes a leaf type float valve that is held open so that the casing can be filled with wellbore fluid from the bottom of the train when the casing has descended into the wellbore. This reduces the load on the formation and allows faster application speeds.
Before cementing the casing in place, the self-filling float must be deactivated, which transforms the float valve into a type of non-return valve. Deactivation of the self-filling float is generally accomplished by pumping a wellbore projectile (eg, bale or arrow) through the float valve to offset a sleeve from a support contact with a flapping, thus allowing the closing of the wing. Circulation from the surface prior to deactivation of the self-filling is often required, and small outlets around a seat where the projectile of the wellbore lands allow fluids to flow around the well projectile. drilling at low speeds. The outlets, however, are relatively small and can become clogged with debris which could result in early deactivation when circulating from the surface. In addition, the flow flows tend to erode due to extensive periods of circulation, which could result in an unusually high need for unusually high deactivation flow rates.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIONS
[0004] The following figures are presented to illustrate certain aspects of the present disclosure, and should not be considered as exclusive embodiments. The subject matter of the disclosed invention may be subject to substantial modifications, alterations, combinations and equivalents in form and function, without departing from the scope of this specification.
[0005] Fig. 1 illustrates a side sectional view of a wellbore system that may utilize one or more principles of the present disclosure.
Figure 2 is an isometric view of an example of a float valve module.
[0007] FIGS. 3A-3C are progressive lateral sectional views of the module of FIG. 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present disclosure is related to downhole tools and, more particularly, to a float valve module which depends on the resistance force for its deactivation.
The embodiments described herein relate to a module of float valves that depends on the resistance forces generated by a resistance body connected to an activation element. The resistor body is positioned within a fluid flow path flowing out of the float valve module in the downward direction. The increase in fluid flow in the downward direction serves, correspondingly, to increase an axial force assumed by the activation element until the axial force is sufficient to move the activation element out of the contact with a leaf pivoted in the float valve module. The movement of the activating member out of contact with the leaf allows movement of the leaf to a closed position, in which the flow of fluid in the upward direction is prevented while the flow of fluid in the downward direction is prevented. permit. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a tool that allows surface flow through the float valve module, but is not dependent on the wellbore projectile for deactivation. In addition, the resistor body makes it possible to have larger circulation flow paths and an increase in the deactivation accuracy. Thus, a circulation can be maintained for an extended period of time without the risk of clogging or eroding the seat-ball holes.
Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated a side sectional view of a wellbore system 100 that may utilize one or more principles of the present disclosure. More particularly, Fig. 1 illustrates a wellbore 102 that has been drilled into the earth's surface 104 and a surface casing 106 is extended in the wellbore 102 from a wellhead installation 108 placed in the wellbore. surface level 104. An internal drill string 110 is also suspended within the wellbore 102 from the wellhead assembly 108 and positioned generally within the surface casing. 106. A casing shoe 112 may be attached to the lower part of the casing 110, and a ring 114 is defined between the wellbore 102 and the casing 110.
As used herein, the term "casing" describes a plurality of lengths of coupled pipe tubes (eg, threaded) together to form a continuous tubular conduit of a desired length. It will be appreciated, however, that the term "casing" may, moreover, describe a single length of pipe or pipe structure, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
In order to fix the casing 110 inside the wellbore 102, cement 116 may be pumped into the ring 114. The cement 116 may be pumped into an interior 118 of the casing 110 and may flow to the bottom thereof where the shoe of the casing 112 redirects the cement 116 to the surface 104 inside the ring 114. At the surface 104, a feed line 120 can be coupled in operation and in operation. fluid to the wellhead assembly 108 and in fluid communication with the interior 118 of the casing 110. The feed line 120 may be fluidly coupled to a source 122 of the cement 116, and a supply valve 124 may regulate the flow of the cement 116 in the interior 118 of the casing 110. In Figure 1, the source 122 of cement 116 is a cement truck, but could, moreover, include a cementing head, a stand-alone pump, or a any cement pumping mechanism capable of introducing cement 116 into casing 110. A return line 126 may also be connected to the wellhead assembly 108 and in fluid communication with the ring 114. In some cases, as illustrated, the return line 126 may comprise a flapper return valve 128 configured to regulate the flow of fluid returning to the surface 104 through the ring 114.
A floating collar 132 may be included in the tubing string 110 at or near the casing shoe 112, and a float valve module 134 may be positioned within the floating collar 132 and may operate. like a self-filling float. More particularly, the float valve module 134 may comprise a leaf (not shown) which is open when the casing 110 is extended into the wellbore 102, thereby attenuating the hydraulic forces resulting from the fluid interaction between the casing 110 and the casing 110. and the wellbore fluids present within the wellbore 102. Prior to cementing the casing 110 in place, the leaf is allowed to move to its closed position in which it can function as a check valve which prevents the fluid to return to the surface 104 from the inside 118.
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an example of a float valve module 200, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The float valve module 200 (hereinafter "module 200") may be the same or may be similar to the float valve module 134 of Fig. 1. Furthermore, the module 200 may be secured within of the floating collar 132 (Fig. 1) at a selected location along the casing 110 (Fig. 1) and operate as a self-filling float.
As illustrated, the module 200 may comprise a generally cylindrical housing 202 having a first end or an end at the top of the well 203a and a second end or an end at the bottom of the well 203b. An anti-return valve 204 may be secured within the housing 202 at or near the top end of the well 203a. Although it is illustrated as two separate components, the check valve 204 and the housing 202 may, in at least one embodiment, form a one-piece component of the module 200. In some embodiments, as illustrated , the check valve 204 may include a flapper type check valve, but may furthermore include other types of check valves, including, without limitation, a vent valve, a check valve and a butterfly valve.
In the illustrated embodiment, the check valve 204 includes a flapper 206 which is pivotally coupled to the check valve 204 and which is removable between an open position and a closed position. When the leaf 206 is in the open position, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow of fluid through the module 200 between the ends at the top of the well and at the bottom of the well 203a, b (in both directions) is permit. When the leaf 206 is in the closed position, however, the flow of fluid through the module 200 in the upward direction (i.e., from the downhole end 203b) is prevented, while the flow of fluid through the module 200 in the downward direction (i.e., from the top end of the well 203a) is allowed.
The module 200 may also comprise an activating element 208 movably positioned inside the housing 202. In some embodiments, as illustrated, the activation element 208 may take the form of a cylindrical sleeve or the like The activating member 208 is movable between a first position, wherein the activating member 208 contacts and holds the leaf 206 in the open position, and a second position, wherein the activating member 208 moves axially inside the housing 202 and out of contact with the flapper 206. Once the activating member 208 releases the flapper 206, the flapper 206 will then be able to pivot to the closed position.
A pair of safety rings can be used to help maintain the activation element 208 in the first position. More particularly, a first safety ring or an upper ring 210a and a second safety ring or a lower ring 210b can be positioned at opposite axial ends of a radial shoulder 212 defined on the outer surface of the activation element. 208. One or both of the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b may include a split safety ring that demonstrates a known spring force. To move the activation member 208 to the second position and out of contact with the leaf 206, the radial shoulder 212 must contact the lower safety ring 210b with sufficient axial force to overcome the force of the spring. Therefore, the radial shoulder 212 is axially fixed between the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b in the first position until a necessary axial force is applied to the activation member 208 in the direction towards the bottom of the hole. This process will be described in more detail below.
The module 200 may also include a resistor body 214 coupled to the activation element 208 and used to assist the movement of the activating element 208 from the first position to the second position. In some embodiments, as illustrated, the resistor body 214 may form an integral extension of the activation element 208. In such embodiments, the resistor body 214 and the activation element 208 can form a one-piece structure. In other embodiments, however, the resistor body 214 may include one or more component parts or parts that can be operatively coupled to the activation element 208. In at least one embodiment, as is illustrated, the resistor body 214 can extend axially from the activating element 208 and at least partially out of the housing 202.
According to the present disclosure, and as will be described in more detail below, the resistor body 214 may allow a flow of fluid flow through the module 200 in both the upward and downward direction. The flow of fluid in the downward direction, however, strikes against the resistor body 214 and interferes with a resistance force that acts on the activating member 208 in the axial direction. Increasing the flow of fluid down through the module 200 can correspondingly increase the resistance force generated by the resistor body 214. Once a predetermined resistance force is generated, the spring force of the resistor The lower safety ring 210b can be surmounted at the radial shoulder 212, thereby allowing the activation member 208 to move to the second position and out of contact with the leaf 206.
Figures 3A-3C are progressive side sectional views of the module 200, according to one or more embodiments. More particularly, FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate the module 200 when the activation element 208 moves from the first position in which the leaf 206 is in the open position, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, towards the second position. position, in which the leaf 206 is moved to the closed position as shown in Figure 3C. Similar figures in FIG. 2 which are used in FIGS. 3A-3C correspond to similar elements or components of the module 200 which might not be described again.
As illustrated, the housing 202 may define an internal flow path 302 for fluids for communication through the module 200 in both directions (upward or downward) between the ends of the top of the well and the bottom of the well. Well 230a, b of the housing 202. The check valve 204 may be secured within the housing 202, and the flapper 206 and the activation member 208 may be located within the internal flow path 302. 206 is pivotable about a pin 304, and skewed toward the closed position with a torsion spring 306 (FIG 3C). As illustrated in Figures 3A and 3B, when the activating member 208 is in the first position, the leaf 206 can be pushed into the open position by contact or otherwise by resting on an upper end 308a of the activation member 208. Once the activating member 208 is moved to the second position and out of contact with the leaf 206, the spring force of the torsion spring 606 can push the leaf 206 to the closed position.
In the closed position, an angled surface 310 which is defined around the periphery of the leaf 206 may be received by a leaf seat having a corresponding angle 312 defined on the check valve 204. In some embodiments the angled surface 310 may enter into sealing engagement with the angled leaf seat 312, thereby to prevent fluid flow in the upward direction (ie, to the left in FIGS. 3A-3C ) In some embodiments, a seal 314 may be placed around the circumference of the flapper 206 and may also make sealing contact with the seat of the flap at an angle 312 when the flapper 206 is moved to the closed position.
The radial shoulder 212 may form an annular ring which extends around the entire outer circumference of the activation member 208. In some embodiments, as illustrated, the radial shoulder 212 defined on the outer surface of the activating member 208 may be a planar upper face 316a and an angled upper face 316b. More particularly, the upper face 316a may be defined generally orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the module 200 and otherwise faces axially toward the top end of the hole 203a of the housing 202 at any point thereon. On the other hand, the upper face 316a may be frusto-conical extending upward and radially outward. Other shapes of the upper face 316a are also contemplated, such as concave and / or convex profiled surfaces.
The angled bottom face 316b faces radially outwardly and downwardly (i.e. towards the bottom hole end 203b of housing 202) at any point on it. . As another example, the lower face 316b may form an oblique angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the module 200. Such an angle may be chosen to determine, at least in part, the axial force necessary to shift the radial shoulder 212 axially. through the lower safety ring 210b. The angle defined by the lower face 316b, for example, can range from about 10 ° to about 80 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the module 200. Depending on the geometry of the flow given for the module, however, the The angle defined by the lower face 316b can be adjusted to any angle between 0 ° and 90 ° to modify or customize the axial force necessary to shift the radial shoulder 212 axially through the lower safety ring 210b. As will be understood, the greater the angle of the lower angle face 316b, the greater the axial force required to shift the radial shoulder 212 axially through the lower safety ring 210b. On the other hand, smaller angles may result in the use of lower axial force. The force required, however, is sufficient to prevent premature axial movement of the activating member 208 to the second position.
The upper and lower safety rings 210a can be positioned in upper and lower annular recesses 318a and 318b, respectively, defined in the housing 202. One or both of the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b can be formed as circumferentially discontinuous rings that can expand radially to increase their circumference. The upper and lower safety rings 210a, b can be formed of a variety of materials including, without limitation, bronze, aluminum, steel, a steel spring, a composite material, an elastomer, a plastic , a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, and any combination thereof. The choice of material for the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b can provide a predetermined retention of the radial shoulder 212 to selected force limits, beyond which the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b can be elastically or plastically deformed to allow the passage of the radial shoulder 212. In addition, the materials for the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b can be chosen to be easily pierceable, since the module 200 can optionally be removed by drilling after completion of the downhole operation.
The upper safety ring 210a prevents the activating member 208 from moving upward (i.e., in the upward direction of the hole) within the flow path internal 302 by contacting the flat upper face 316a of the radial shoulder 212. As illustrated in Figures 3A and 3B, the upper safety ring 210a may be biased to contract radially inwardly so the upper safety ring 210a comes into contact with and attaches to the upper face 316a of the radial shoulder 212. The upper face 316a and the corresponding axial face of the upper safety ring 210a can be such that a upward force applied by the upper face 316a to the upper safety ring 210a does not radially expand the upper safety ring 210a.
The lower safety ring 210b can be configured to contact the bottom face 316b of the radial shoulder 212 and may, in some embodiments, define a corresponding corner surface 320. More particularly, the angled surface 320 of the lower snap ring 21b may be configured to engage axially with the angled lower face 316b of the radial shoulder 212. For example, the angled surface 320 may oblique angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the module 200, and the angle of the angled surface 320 may determine, at least in part, the force required to shift the activation element 208 through the safety ring lower 210b. In some embodiments, the angle formed by the angled surface 320 may be equal to the angle formed by the angled bottom face 316b.
Other radial locking mechanisms may be used to controllably retain the activation member 208 in the first position. For example, one or more retractable protrusions, radially inwardly biased, may individually contact corresponding portions of the radial shoulder 212. As another example, a radial locking mechanism may be used to retain the element activator 208 until a force by the activating member 208 causes elastic or plastic deformation of such a radial locking mechanism. Other locking mechanisms could include snap mechanisms, slots, snap, shrink, or friction alone.
The resistor body 214 may be coupled to and extend from a downhole end 308b of the activation member 208. In some embodiments, as mentioned above, the resistor body 214 forms an integral extension of the activating element 208 so that the activation element 208 and the resistor body 214 form a one-piece component or part of the module 200. In other embodiments however, the resistor body 214 may comprise one or more component parts that can be assembled and functionally coupled to the activation element 208. As indicated above, the resistor body 214 can be configured to generate a resistance force as the fluid flows through the module 200 in the downward direction of the hole and strikes the resistor body 214. The resistance force thus obtained acts on the actuator element. 208 in the axial direction as an axial force, and increasing the axial force to a predetermined level allows the radial shoulder 212 to overcome the spring force of the lower safety ring 210b and to move the activating element 208 to the second position.
In order to generate sufficient strength of resistance which results in an axial force used by the activation element 208, the resistance body 214 may have several models or configurations. While a general model of the resistor body 214 is specifically illustrated and described herein, it will be understood that many of the patterns and configurations of the resistor body 214 can, moreover, be used without departing from the scope of the disclosure. .
In the illustrated embodiment, the resistor body 214 is illustrated as comprising a disk 322 coupled in function to the activation element 208 by one or more ribs 324 extending longitudinally. This disk 322 may constitute a first face or a face at the top of the hole 326a and a second face or a bottom-hole face 326b. The face at the top of the hole 326a is generally facing in the direction of the top of the hole (ie, left in Figures 3A-3C), and the downhole face 326b is the opposite of the top-hole face 326a and generally faces in the downhole direction (i.e., to the right in FIGS. 3A03C). In some embodiments, one or both of the top faces of the hole or the bottom of the hole 326a, b may be positioned orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the module 200. In other embodiments, In one embodiment, one or both of the top faces of the hole and the bottom of the hole 326a, b may be positioned at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the module 200, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
The disk 322 may have a circular shape, as illustrated, but could, moreover, demonstrate any cross-sectional shape including, without limitation, an oval shape, kidney-shaped, a polygonal shape (e.g. , triangular, square, rectangular, etc.), a tear-shaped shape, a contoured shape, or any combination thereof In some embodiments, one or more holes 328 may be defined in the disk 322 and extend between the top faces of the hole and the bottom of the hole 326a, b. As will be understood, the holes 328 may help to modify or optimize the resistance force generated by the resistor body 214 and, more particularly, by the disc 322. An increase in the number or size of the holes 328, e.g. will decrease the resistance force generated by the resistor body 214. On the other hand, a decrease in the high number of holes 328 will increase the resistance force generated by the resistor body 214.
The ribs 324 may define one or more flow windows 330 through which the fluids may flow during operation of the module 200. As will be understood, the number of flow windows 318 may depend on the number of ribs 324 extending between the disk 322 and the activation element 208. In some embodiments, the ribs 324 may comprise rigid elements, but may, moreover, be flexible, elastic or soft elements, depending on the materials used. For example, in some embodiments, one or more of the disc 322 and ribs 324 may be made of fabric material. In such embodiments, the resistor body 214 may operate in the same manner as a parachute by generating the resistance force. In addition, in such embodiments, the sectional shape of the disc 322 and / or ribs 324 may vary.
The geometry of one or both of the disk 322 and ribs 324 can be modified to modify and optimize the resistance force generated by the resistor body 214 at a given rate through the module 200 in the direction towards the bottom of the well, and thus to modify the axial force assumed by the activation element 208. More particularly, the shape and the size of the disc 322 and / or the ribs 324 can be modified to have a force of a larger or smaller resistance to a known fluid flow flowing through the internal flow path 302 in the downward direction of the hole. A smaller size disk 322, for example, would result in the generation of a lower resistance force as the fluids strike against the top-hole face 326a of the disk 322. A larger disk 322, however, would cause generating a greater resistance force when the fluids are striking against the top-hole face 326a of the disk 322. In addition, as mentioned above, the size and number of holes 328 defined across the disk 322 can be modified to obtain an increased or decreased resistance force, as desired.
Similarly, thicker (thicker angled) ribs 324 can reduce the size of flux windows 330 and thereby increase the resistance force generated when a greater amount of fluid is able to hit the ribs 324. On the other hand, smaller (tapered) ribs 324 will increase the size of the flow windows 330 and thereby decrease the resistance force generated as less fluid strikes the ribs 324.
In addition, in some embodiments, one or both of the disk 322 and disk 324 may be coated (coated) with various materials or coatings. These materials and coatings can be advantageous in modifying the coefficient of friction, thus allowing the adjustment or customization of the resistance force.
In embodiments in which the resistor body 214 includes one or more component parts or parts coupled to the downhole end 308b of the activator element 208, the resistor body 214 may be considered as being modular. More particularly, in such embodiments, portions of the resistor body 214 may be exchanged or replaced by pieces of different sizes, configurations, or materials to optimize the operation of the resistor body 214 for application. given. For example, in at least one embodiment, the disk 322 can be exchanged at one platform for a disk 322 of a different cut or made of a different material so that it would be more suitable for well in which the module 200 will be deployed. Similarly, the ribs 324 may be exchanged at the platform for ribs 324 of a different size or made of different materials to fit a given downhole operation. Therefore, the resistor body 214 can be of a modular model so that different resistance profiles can be generated according to the specific parameters of a task. As will be understood, this makes it possible to customize the strength of resistance necessary to disable the wing 206 for each operating situation.
An example of operation of the module 200 is now given while referring to Figures 3A-3C. Reference is now made to Figure 3A. Floating collar 132 (FIG.1) including module 200 is lowered into wellbore 102 (FIG.1) coupled to inner tubing 110 (FIG.1). The wellbore 102 is generally filled with fluid, such as drilling mud, and the casing 110 is floated in the wellbore 110. When the casing 110 is extended within the wellbore 102, the casing 206 is held in the open position by engaging the top end of the hole 308a of the activating member 208. Therefore, fluids can flow through the module 200 in the upward direction, as indicated by the arrows in the Figure 3A. As illustrated, the fluid may flow around the resistor body 214 to penetrate the internal flow path 302. More particularly, the fluid may flow through the flow windows 330 and, if present through the holes 328 defined in the disk 322 to access the internal flow path 302.
In Fig. 3B, once the module 200 is placed at a predetermined location within the wellbore 102 (Fig. 1), a fluid can be circulated from the surface 104 (FIG. 1) and through the module 200 in the downward direction, as indicated by the arrows of FIG. 3B. In some embodiments, the fluid may be cement 116 (FIG.1) used to fill the ring 114 (FIG.1), but may also be composed of a drilling fluid, water or brine. As long as the flow rate of the fluid in the downward direction is smaller than the flow rate which causes the shutter 206 to deactivate, the activation element 208 will be held in place by the upper and lower safety rings 210a, b.
In order to deactivate the floating collar 132 (FIG 1) and thus move the wing 206 to the closed position, the activation element 208 must be moved to the second position or otherwise disengaged from the wing 206 at its end at the top of the hole 308a. This can be done by increasing the fluid flow in the down direction, correspondingly increasing the resistance force generated by the resistor body 214. As the resistance force increases, the axial force assumed by the element activation 208 increases correspondingly and pushes the radial shoulder 212 against the lower safety ring 210b in the downward direction. Once a predetermined axial force is applied against the lower safety ring 210b, the spring force of the lower safety ring 210b can be overcome, thereby allowing the radial shoulder 212 to bypass the safety ring. lower 210 and move the activation element 208 axially to the second position.
In Fig. 3C, once the activating member 208 disengages from the flapper 206, the hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore 102 (Fig. 1) and the spring force of the torsion spring 306 can push. the shutter 206 to the closed position 206. In the closed position, the angled surface 310 of the wing 206 and the seal 314 can be received by an angled wing seat 312 defined on the check valve 204. The sealed engagement between the wing seat 312 and the angled surface 310 and the seal 314 can prevent fluid flow in the upward direction (i.e., to the left in FIGS. 3A-3C) through the module 200 .
When the activation element 208 is in the second position, the lower safety ring 210b can contract radially inwards again and come into contact with the upper face 316a of the radial shoulder. 212, thereby again preventing the upward axial displacement of the activation member 208. The surface profiles of the lower safety ring 210b and the flat upper face 316a may be such that an upward force applied by the face upper 316a on the lower safety ring 210b does not tend to cause radial expansion of the lower safety ring 210b. Further, the angled lower face 316b of the radial shoulder 212 may be deposited on or otherwise contact a reduced diameter portion 332 of the housing 202. In some embodiments, the lower face 316b and the diameter portion Reduced 332 can provide complementary surface profiles to maximize a surface area of contact between the bottom face 316b and the reduced diameter portion 332.
With the leaf 206 in a closed position, a cementing operation can begin in which the cement 116 (FIG.1) is pumped through the module 200 in the downward direction. The fluid pressure of the cement 116 can overcome the spring force of the torsion spring 306 and the hydrostatic pressure below the module 200, thereby allowing the wings 206 to reopen and allow the cement 116 to pass through the module 200 in the direction down. However, the flapper 206 is capable of controlling a backflow of the cement 116 in the upward direction, when the angled surface 310 of the flapper 206 and the seal 314 forms a seal with the seat of the flap at an angle 312 defines on the flapper anti-return 204.
After completion of the cementing operation, the module 200 may be drilled out by means known in the art to have a casing hole open to the bottom of the casing 110 (FIG 1).
Still with reference to Figs. 3A-3C, in some embodiments, the increase of the resistance force on the resistor body 214 may be insufficient to move the activating member 208 to the second position. Such a scenario may occur when the resistor body 214 is damaged or inoperable. In such embodiments, the activating member 208 may also include an annular lip 334 extending from an inner wall thereof. The annular lip 334 may have an internal cross-sectional dimension (eg, a diameter) that is smaller than an outer cross-sectional dimension (eg, diameter) of a wellbore projectile, such as a ball, a plug or an arrow. Therefore, when the resistor body 214 is unable to generate enough resistance force to move the activation element 208 to the second position, the wellbore projectile can be sent down to contact the Annular lip 334. After settling on and forming a seal against the annular lip 334, the pressure within the internal flow path 302 can be increased to provide the axial force necessary to overcome the spring force of the lower safety ring 210b and thus bypass the lower safety ring 210b. The annular lip 334 may also be configured to bend, expand, or radiate outwardly upon the application of a predetermined fluid pressure so that the wellbore projectile can be forced out of the wellbore. module 200 for cementing operations.
The specialists of the field can easily understand the many advantages that the module 200 can provide. For example, the module 200 provides necessary surface circulation, but it is not dependent on a wellbore projectile to disable the flapper 206 (i.e., to move the flapper 206 to the closed position). In addition, unlike conventional activation elements, the addition of the resistor body 214 may facilitate larger flow paths and increased deactivation accuracy. The larger circulation flow paths through the resistor body 214 will make the module 200 less susceptible to obstruction or erosion, which could result in early disabling of the gate 206 or requiring an abnormally high deactivation rate. Therefore, the surface circulation through the module 200 can be realized for extended periods of time, as long as the flow rate is lower than the flow rate that generates the resistance force sufficient to move the activation element 208 to the second position without risk of erosion of flow or other essential components.
Embodiments described herein include: A. A float valve module that includes a cylindrical housing that defines an internal flow path, a non-return valve positioned within the housing, and movable between an open position, in which the flow of fluid through the internal flow path in an upward and downward direction is allowed, and a closed position, in which the flow of fluid in the upward direction is prevented while the flow of fluid in the downward direction is permitted, an activating member positioned in motion within the housing between a first position, wherein the activation member contacts and holds the check valve in an open position, and a second position, wherein the activation member moves axially within the housing and disengages from the check valve, and a body of coupled to and extending from a downhole end of the activation member, wherein the downward flow of fluid generates a resistance force on the resistor body which places an axial force on the activation element for moving the activation element from the first position to the second position.
B. A method of operating a float valve module which comprises the passage of a fluid to a cylindrical housing which defines an internal flow path, the check valve being positioned inside the housing maintaining the check valve in an open position with an activating member positioned within the housing in a first position and passing fluid through the internal flow path in a downward direction, generating the a resistance force on a resistance body with the fluid flowing in the downward direction, the resistance body being coupled to and extending from a downhole end of the activation member and the force of resistance thus places an axial force on the activation element, increasing a flow rate of the fluid in the downward direction and thus generating an increased resistance force on the resistance body and increased axial force on the activation element, movement of the activation element to a second position and disengagement of the non-return valve in response to the increased axial force, and return of the non-return valve in a closed position in which fluid flow in an upward direction within the internal flow path is prevented while fluid flow in the downward direction is permitted.
C. A method which comprises lowering a float valve module coupled to a casing in a wellbore, the float valve module comprising a cylindrical housing which defines an internal flow path, an anti-tamper valve. -return being positioned within the housing and held in an open position with an activating element positioned within the housing in a first position, passing a fluid through the internal flow path in one direction ascending as the float valve module advances within the wellbore, circulating a fluid through the internal flow path in a downward direction following placement of the casing at a desired location, generating a resistance force on a resistance body with the fluid flowing in the downward direction, the resistance body being coupled to and extending from the downhole end of the the activating member and the resisting force thus places an axial force on the activation member, increasing a flow of the fluid in the downward direction and thereby generating an increased resistance force on the resistance body and an increased axial force on the activation member, moving the activation member to a second position and disengaging with the check valve in response to increased axial force, and moving the check valve to a closed position in which the flow of fluid in an upward direction within the flow path is prevented while the flow of fluid in the downward direction is permitted.
Each of Embodiments A, B and C may have one or more of the additional elements, in any combination: Item 1: In which the non-return valve is a swing-type check valve which includes a flapper pivotally coupled to the check valve, and wherein the activation member in the first position contacts and holds the flapper in the open position and disengages the flapper when moving to the second position. Element 2: Also comprising a radial shoulder defined on an outer surface of the activation member, an upper safety ring positioned on one end at the top of the radial shoulder hole, and a lower safety ring positioned on one end downhole of the radial shoulder, wherein the axial force on the activation member urges the radial shoulder against the lower safety ring to bypass the lower safety ring. Element 3: wherein the lower safety ring comprises a split safety ring which demonstrates a known spring force and the axial force on the activation member allows the radial shoulder to overcome the known spring force. Element 4: wherein the resistance body forms an integral extension of the activation element so that the resistance body and the activation element form a one-piece structure. Element 5: wherein the resistance body comprises a plurality of component parts which is operably coupled to the activation element. Element 6: wherein the resistance body comprises one or more ribs coupled to the downhole end of the activation member and extending axially therefrom, and a disk coupled to one or the several ribs, one or more ribs defining one or more flux windows through which the flow of fluid flows during operation. Element 7: In which the disc demonstrates a sectional shape selected from the group consisting of a circular, oval, kidney shaped, polygonal, teardrop shaped, contoured shape and any combination thereof. Element 8: Also comprising one or more defined holes in the disc which extends between a face at the top of the hole and a face at the bottom of the hole of the disc.
Element 9: wherein a radial shoulder is defined in an outer surface of the activation member, the method also comprising holding the activation member in the first position with a top safety ring positioned on an end at the top of the radial shoulder hole and a lower safety ring at a downhole end of the radial shoulder. Element 10: wherein the movement of the activation member to the second position comprises pushing the radial shoulder against the lower safety ring and bypassing the lower safety ring. Element 11: wherein the lower safety ring comprises a split safety ring which demonstrates a known spring force, the method also comprising overcoming the known spring force with the increased axial force. Element 12: wherein the resistance body comprises one or more ribs coupled to the downhole end of the activation member and extending axially therefrom, and a disk coupled to one or several ribs, and in which the generation of the resistance force on the resistance body includes hitting the fluid on one or more of the ribs of the disk.
[0054] Item 13: Also comprising pumping a cement through the float valve module in the downward direction, and preventing the cement from returning through the float valve module in the upward direction with the check valve. Item 14: In which a radial shoulder is defined in an outer surface of the activation member, the method further comprising holding the activation member in the first position with an upper safety ring positioned on a tip end. top of the radial shoulder hole and a lower safety ring on a downhole end of the radial shoulder, and pushing the radial shoulder against the lower safety ring to thereby bypass the ring of lower safety device for moving the activation element to the second position; element 15: wherein the lower safety ring comprises a split safety ring which demonstrates a known spring force, the method also comprising overcoming the force of known spring with increased axial force. Element 16: also comprising modifying a geometry of the resistance body to thereby modify the resistance force generated by the resistance body and the axial force assumed by the activation element. Element 17: wherein the resistance body comprises one or more ribs coupled to the downhole end of the activating member and extending axially therefrom, and a disk coupled to one or several ribs, and wherein the modification of the geometry of the resistance body comprises modifying at least one of a shape and a size of one or both of the disk and one or more several ribs. Element 18: wherein the resistance body comprises one or more ribs coupled to the downhole end of the activation member and extending axially therefrom, and a disk coupled to one or several of the ribs, and wherein the modification of the geometry of the resistance body comprises the exchange of at least one of the disc and one or more ribs with a corresponding disc or one or more corresponding ribs which demonstrate at least one of a different size, configuration or material of different manufacture.
As a non-limiting example, examples of combinations applicable to A, B and C include: Element 2 with Element 3; Element 6 with Element 7; Element 6 with Element 8; Element 9 with Element 10; Element 10 with Element 11; Element 14 with Element 15; Element 16 with Element 17 and Element 17 with Element 18.
Thus, disclosed systems and methods are well suited to achieve the stated purposes and advantages as well as those inherent thereto. The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, and the teachings of the present disclosure may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent ways that will be apparent to a subject matter specialist who benefits from these teachings. In addition, no limitation is provided to the construction or design details disclosed herein, other than those described in the claims below. It is thus obvious that the particular illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered, combined or modified and that all such variations are considered within the scope of the present disclosure. The systems and methods described illustratively herein can be conveniently practiced in the absence of any element not specifically described herein and / or any optional element described herein. Although the compositions and methods are described herein in terms of "comprising", "containing" or "including" various components or steps, the compositions and methods may also "consist essentially of" or "consist of" various components and steps. All figures and ranges disclosed above may vary by a certain amount. When a numerical range with a lower and upper limit is indicated, any number and range within the range are specifically indicated. In particular, each range of values (of the form, "from about a to about b" or, equivalently, "from about a to b", or, equivalently, "from about ab") indicated here should be understood as describing each number and interval within the widest range of values. In the event of a conflict in the use of a word or term in this description and in at least one patent or other document that may be referred to herein, the definitions that are consistent with that description must be adopted.
In this context, the expression "at least one" preceding a series of articles, with the words "and" or "or" to separate any of the articles, modifies the list as everything, rather each member of the list (ie, each term). The term "at least one" means a meaning that includes at least one of the articles, and / or at least one of any combination of the articles and / or at least one of each of the articles. As an example, the sentences "at least one of A, B and C" or "at least one of A, B or C" describe only A, only B or only C; any combination of A, B and C and / or at least one of each of A, B and C.
The use of directional terms such as above, below, above, below, up, down, left, right, at the top of the hole, down the hole, etc., are used in relation to the illustrative embodiments as illustrated in the figures, the upward direction being upwardly of the corresponding figure and the downward direction being downward of the corresponding figure, the direction towards the the top of the hole being towards the surface of the well and the downward direction of the hole being towards the well's hoof.

权利要求:
Claims (21)
[1" id="c-fr-0001]
CLAIMS What is claimed:
A float valve module (134; 200), comprising: a cylindrical housing (202) that defines an internal flow path (302); a check valve (204) positioned within (118) of the housing (202) and movable between an open position, wherein the flow of fluid through the inner flow path (302) in an upward direction and a downward direction is allowed, and a closed position, in which the flow of fluid in the upward direction is prevented while the flow of fluid in the downward direction is permitted: an activating member (208) which is positioned in motion at the interior (118) of the housing (202) between a first position, wherein the activation member (208) contacts and holds the check valve (204) in the open position, and a second position, in wherein the activation member (208) moves axially within (118) the housing (202) and disengages from the check valve (204); and a resistor body (214) coupled to and extending from a downhole end of the activating member (208), wherein the downward fluid flow generates a resistance force on the body resistor (214) which places an axial force on the activation element (208) to move the activation element (208) from a first position to a second position.
[2" id="c-fr-0002]
The float valve module (134,200) of claim 1, wherein the check valve (204) is a swing-type check valve (204) which includes a flapper (206) pivotally coupled to check valve (204), and wherein the activation member (208) in the first position contacts and holds the leaf (206) in the open position and disengages the leaf (206) when moving to the second position.
[3" id="c-fr-0003]
The float valve module (134; 200) of claim 1, further comprising: a radial shoulder (212) defined on an outer surface of the activation member (208); an upper safety ring (210a) positioned on one end at the top of a radial shoulder hole (212); and a lower safety ring (210b) positioned on a downhole end of the radial shoulder (212), wherein the axial force on the activation member (208) urges the radial shoulder (212) against the lower safety ring (210b) to bypass the lower safety ring (210b).
[4" id="c-fr-0004]
The float valve module (134; 200) of claim 3, wherein the lower safety ring (210b) comprises a split safety ring which demonstrates a known spring force and the axial force on the element. activation (208) allows the radial shoulder (212) to overcome the known spring force.
[5" id="c-fr-0005]
The float valve module (134; 200) of claim 1, wherein the resistor body (214) forms an integral extension of the activating member (208) so that the resistor body (214) and the activation element (208) forms a one-piece structure.
[6" id="c-fr-0006]
The float valve module (134; 200) of claim 1, wherein the resistor body (214) comprises a plurality of component parts which is operatively coupled to the activation element (208).
[7" id="c-fr-0007]
The float valve module (134; 200) of claim 1, wherein the resistor body (214) comprises: one or more ribs (324) coupled to the downhole end of the fluid element; activating (208) and extending axially thereof; and a disk (322) coupled to one or more ribs (324), one or more ribs (324) defining one or more flow windows through which fluid flow flows during operation .
[8" id="c-fr-0008]
The float valve module of claim 7, wherein the disk (322) demonstrates a sectional shape selected from the group consisting of a circular, oval, kidney shaped, polygonal, teardrop shaped, shaped form and any combination thereof.
[9" id="c-fr-0009]
The float valve module (134; 200) of claim 7, further comprising one or more holes (328) defined in the disc (322) extending between a face at the top of the hole and a face at the bottom of the hole. of the disk (322).
[10" id="c-fr-0010]
A method of operating a float valve module (134; 200), comprising: fluid flow in a cylindrical housing (202) which defines an internal flow path (302), wherein an anti-flow valve return (204) is positioned inside (118) of the housing (202); maintaining the check valve (204) in an open position with an activating member (208) positioned within (118) a housing (202) in a first position and fluid flow therethrough the internal flow path (302) in a downward direction; generating a resistance force on a resistance body (214) with the fluid flowing in the downward direction, the resistor body (214) being coupled to and extending from a downhole end of the activation element (208) and the resistance force thus places the axial force on the activation element (208); increasing a flow rate of the fluid in the downward direction and the consequent generation of an increased resistance force on the resistance body (214) and an increased axial force on the activation element (208); moving the activating member (208) to a second position and disengaging with the check valve (204) in response to the increased axial force; and moving the check valve (204) to a closed position in which fluid flow in an upward direction within (118) of the internal flow path (302) is prevented while the fluid flow in the downward direction is allowed.
[11" id="c-fr-0011]
The method of claim 10, wherein a radial shoulder (212) is defined on an outer surface of the activating member (208), the method further comprising maintaining the activation member (208) in the first position with an upper safety ring (210a) positioned at one end at the top of the radial shoulder hole (212) and a lower safety ring (210b) at a downhole end of the radial shoulder ( 212).
[12" id="c-fr-0012]
The method of claim 11, wherein moving the activating member (208) to the second position comprises pushing the radial shoulder (212) against the lower safety ring (210b) and the bypassing the lower safety ring (210b).
[13" id="c-fr-0013]
The method of claim 12, wherein the lower safety ring (210b) comprises a split safety ring which demonstrates a known spring force, the method also comprising overcoming the known spring force with the axial force. increased.
[14" id="c-fr-0014]
The method of claim 10, wherein the resistor body (214) comprises one or more ribs (324) coupled to the downhole end of the activating member (208) and axially extending from thereof, and a disk (322) coupled to one or more ribs (324), and wherein the generation of the resistance force on the resistance body (214) comprises hitting the fluid on a or more of the ribs (324) of the disk (322).
[15" id="c-fr-0015]
A method, comprising: advancing a float valve module (134; 200) coupled to tubing (106) in a wellbore (102), the float valve module (134; 200) comprising a cylindrical housing (202) which defines an internal flow path (302), a check valve (204) being positioned within (118) of the housing (202) and held in an open position with an element of activation (208) positioned inside (118) of the housing (202) in a first position; passing a fluid through the internal flow path (302) in an upward direction as the float valve module (134; 200) advances within the wellbore (102); flowing a fluid through the internal flow path (302) in a downward direction after placement of the casing (106) at a desired location; generating a resistance force on a resistance body (214) with the fluid flowing in the downward direction, the resistor body (214) being coupled to and extending from a downhole end of the activation element (208) and the resistance force thus places the axial force on the activation element (208); increasing a flow rate of the fluid in the downward direction and the consequent generation of an increased resistance force on the resistance body (214) and an increased axial force on the activation element (208); moving the activating member (208) to a second position and disengaging with the check valve (204) in response to the increased axial force; and moving the check valve (204) to a closed position in which fluid flow in an upward direction within (118) of the internal flow path (302) is prevented while the fluid flow in the downward direction is allowed.
[16" id="c-fr-0016]
The method of claim 15, further comprising: pumping a cement (116) through a float valve module (134; 200) in the downward direction; and preventing the cement (116) from flowing back through the float valve module (134; 200) in the upward direction with the check valve (204).
[17" id="c-fr-0017]
The method of claim 16, wherein a radial shoulder (212) is defined on an outer surface of the activation member (208), the method further comprising: maintaining the activation member (208) in the first position with an upper safety ring (210a) positioned on one end at the top of the radial shoulder hole (212) and a lower safety ring (210b) on a downhole end of the radial shoulder (212); and urging the radial shoulder (212) against the lower safety ring (210b) and thus bypassing the lower safety ring (210b) to move the activation member (208) to the second position.
[18" id="c-fr-0018]
The method of claim 17, wherein the lower safety ring (210b) comprises a split safety ring which demonstrates a known spring force, the method also comprising overcoming the known spring force with the axial force. increased.
[19" id="c-fr-0019]
The method of claim 16, further comprising modifying a geometry of the resistor body (214) to thereby modify the resistance force generated by the resistor body (214) and the axial force assumed by the resistor element. activation (208).
[20" id="c-fr-0020]
The method of claim 19, wherein the resistor body (214) comprises one or more ribs (324) coupled to the downhole end of the activating member (208) and extending axially from thereof, and a disk (322) coupled to one or more ribs (324), and wherein the modification of the geometry of the resistance body (214) comprises modifying at least one of a shape and size of one or both of the disc (322) and one or more ribs (324).
[21" id="c-fr-0021]
The method of claim 19, wherein the resistor body (214) comprises one or more ribs (324) coupled to the downhole end of the activating member (208) and axially extending from thereof, and a disk (322) coupled to one or more of the ribs (324), and wherein the modification of the geometry of the resistance body (214) comprises the exchange of at least one of the disk (322) and one or more ribs (324) with a corresponding disk (322) or one or more corresponding ribs (324) which demonstrate at least one of a different size, configuration or of a different material of manufacture.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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US10724648B2|2020-07-28|

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WO2017052556A1|2017-03-30|

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AU2015409660A1|2018-02-22|

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GB2556756A|2018-06-06|

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GB201801807D0|2018-03-21|

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US20180238460A1|2018-08-23|

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NO20180262A1|2018-02-20|

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法律状态:
2017-07-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |

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2018-07-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |

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2020-05-01| RX| Complete rejection|Effective date: 20200324 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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PCT/US2015/051988|WO2017052556A1|2015-09-24|2015-09-24|Float valve assembly with drag force dependent deactivation|

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