• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A filter assembly for separating a liquid from a fluid mixture, which includes a filter housing with an inner surface, a filter element adapted to separate a liquid from a fluid mixture and defining an outer surface, and a porous filter media. The filter element is positioned within the filter housing so that the outer surface of the filter element faces the inner surface of the filter housing. The porous filter medium is attached to the inner surface of the filter housing to facilitate the discharge of liquid through the filter housing and to prevent liquid entrainment after the fluid mixture flows through the filter element.
    公开号:FR3039424A1
    申请号:FR1657431
    申请日:2016-07-29
    公开日:2017-02-03
    发明作者:Saru Dawar；Scott W Schwartz；Anna Balazy；Barry M Verdegan；Brian W Schwandt；Vincil A Varghese；Shiming Feng
    申请人:Cummins Filtration IP Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    POROUS FILTER MEDIUM FOR PREVENTING TRAINING OF
    LIQUID
    CROSS REFERENCE TO THE ASSOCIATED DEMAND
    The present application claims priority over U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 198,903, filed July 30, 2015, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
    FIELD
    The present application generally relates to a filter assembly for separating a liquid from a fluid mixture.
    BACKGROUND
    In certain filter assemblies, such as rotary coalescers and centrifugal systems used for crankcase ventilation, the coalesced oil drops released from the moving part can be "thrown" out of the middle of the coalescer and deposited on the walls of the housing. filtered. Due to the high gravitational forces, coalesced oil drops can also produce smaller satellite drops due to film breakage or drop. The satellite drops are typically smaller in diameter than the coalesced oil drops, and the satellite drops may be re-entrained in the filtered gas flow towards the gas outlet.
    In addition, on the inner walls of the filter housing, coalesced oil drops and satellite drops may coalesce in large drops or oil gatherings that are exposed to wall shear stress.
    The wall shear stress can cause oil entrainment, that is, when the oil flows downstream and contaminates the clean filtered gas. Contaminated gas can damage the turbocharger in enclosed crankcase ventilation applications, or can be released into the environment in open crankcase ventilation applications.
    Thus, it is detrimental for filter assemblies to have an oil drive.
    ABSTRACT
    Various embodiments provide a filter assembly for separating a liquid from a fluid mixture, which includes a filter housing with an inner surface, a filter element capable of separating a liquid from a fluid mixture and defining an outer surface, and a porous filter media. The filter element is positioned within the filter housing so that the outer surface of the filter element faces the inner surface of the filter housing. The porous filter medium is attached to the inner surface of the filter housing. The porous filter medium facilitates evacuation of the liquid through the filter housing and prevents or reduces liquid entrainment after the fluid mixture flows through the filter element.
    Various other embodiments relate to a filter housing assembly. A filter housing includes an inner surface. The filter housing is sized and adapted to house a filter element therein in such a manner that an outer surface of the filter element faces the inner surface of the filter housing, the filter element being designed to separate a liquid of a fluid mixture. A porous filter media is attached to the inner surface of the filter housing. The porous filter element is designed and positioned to retain drops of liquid expelled by the filter element during a filtering operation.
    These and other features (including, but not limited to, holding characteristics and / or viewing characteristics), together with the organization and mode of operation thereof, will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like elements have similar numbers throughout the multiple drawings described below.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 is a sectional top view of a filter assembly according to one embodiment.
    Figure 2 is a sectional side view of the filter assembly of Figure 1.
    Figure 3 is a graph showing an improvement in the fractionation efficiency of a filter assembly including the porous filter medium compared to a filter assembly without the porous filter media.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    With reference to the figures, in general, various embodiments described herein refer to a filter assembly comprising a filter housing, a filter element within the filter housing, and a porous filter medium between the filter housing and the filter element. The porous filter media captures and holds the liquid droplets expelled by the filter element until the liquid drains from the porous filter media. This helps to prevent or reduce a liquid (e.g., oil) entrainment within the filter assembly (e.g., oil migration) and allows the filter assembly to behave Reliable under engine operating conditions for extended periods of time in an economical manner. The filter assembly utilizes coalescence, centrifugal forces, gravity forces, impaction, and capillarity to facilitate liquid evacuation through the filter assembly. The porous filter medium does not increase the pressure drop, does not reduce the life of the filter element, does not increase energy requirements or does not reduce the efficiency of liquid droplet removal. The filter assembly with the porous filter medium is reliable, solid, and economical for separating a liquid from a fluid mixture and optionally for filtering the fluid mixture.
    Referring to Figures 1 to 2, there is shown a filter assembly 20 which is adapted to filter a fluid mixture 70 by separating the fluid mixture 70 into a liquid 74 (for example, liquid droplets, such as an oil) and a gas 72, according to one embodiment. The filter assembly 20 may be designed to filter the fluid mixture 70 through a variety of different processes, including coalescence. According to one embodiment, the filter assembly 20 may be a separator or rotary crankcase ventilation system, a rotary system (for example, a rotary coalester, a rotary stacked disk, or a helical blade), or a centrifugal system ( for example, a centrifugal separator or a rotary centrifuge). The filter assembly 20 includes an inlet 22 allowing the fluid mixture 70 to enter the filter assembly 20 and a gas outlet downstream of the inlet 22, allowing the filtered gas 72 to exit the filter assembly 20. The gas outlet may be located on the upper end of the filter housing 30. The liquid 74 may be evacuated to separate the liquid outlet or may be held in a container or a certain area of the filter assembly 20, which may be in the direction of the lower end of the filter housing 30 in particular implementations. The filter assembly 20 includes a filter housing 30 and a filter element 40. The filter element 40 may use coalescence and / or centrifugal forces to filter or separate the fluid mixture 70 into the filtered gas 72 and the liquid 74.
    Filter housing
    The filter housing 30 is adapted to accommodate or contain the filter element 40. The filter housing 30 may include a non-porous wall 32 to prevent leakage from the filter assembly 20 and to provide an impaction surface or The non-porous wall 32 includes an inner or inner surface 34, which may correspond to the inside diameter of the filter housing 30. Filter element The filter element 40 (e.g., a coalescer, rotary or centrifugal element) is used to filter the fluid mixture 70 by separating the liquid 74 from the gas 72. The filter element 40 may be a filtering or separating device of any type (for example, a coalescing filter or a centrifugal separator) and may optionally be a rotary device.
    According to one embodiment, the filter element 40 may be a rotary or stationary coalescer. Thus, the filter element 40 may include a primary filter medium 42 (for example, coalescer or centrifuge medium) for filtering the fluid mixture 70.
    According to another embodiment, the filtering element 40 may be a separator, filter or rotary centrifugal system, such as a centrifugal cone stack or helical vane centrifuge which filters or separates the fluid mixture 70. Filter element 40 may include cones, plates or vanes and may optionally not include primary filter medium 42. Filter element 40 may have a flow from the inside out of the fluid mixture 70. filter element 40 has a side, edge, face, or downstream outer surface 44. The outer surface 44 may be along the outside of the filter element 40 (for example, along the outside of the primary filter medium 42 when the filter element 40 is a coalescer, along the outside of the centrifugal separator rotor when the filter element 40 is a centrifugal separator with cones or helical blades, or along the outside of the centrifugal separator rotor; cones or helical vanes of the centrifugal separator rotor when the filter element 40 is a centrifugal separator with helical cones or blades embedded in an envelope). The filter element 40 is positioned downstream of the inlet 22 and upstream of the gas outlet.
    The non-porous wall 32 of the filter housing 30 surrounds the filter element 40 when the filter element 40 is positioned within the filter housing 30 and the outer surface 44 of the filter element 40 faces the inner surface. 34 of the filter housing 30. There may be a gap, a gap or a separation which physically separates the non-porous wall 32 from the filter housing 30 and the filter element 40 to allow the gas 72 to flow in the direction of the gas outlet. For example, there may be space, gap, or separation between the inner surface 34 of the filter housing 30 and the outer surface 44 of the filter element 40. Thus, the filter element 40 may spin or move to the interior of the filter housing 30 with respect to the inner surface 34 of the filter housing 30 and the porous filter media 50.
    Porous Filter Media The filter assembly 20 further includes a boundary layer or porous filter media 50, independent of and distinct from any filter medium of the filter element 40, attached to the inner surface 34 of the filter housing 30. The porous filter medium 50 is adapted to prevent, reduce, eliminate or protect against liquid entrainment (e.g., oil entrainment) under both normal and angular conditions ( for example, when the entire filter assembly is inclined or angled) by improving the impaction or collection of coalesced drops of liquid 74 projected or expelled from the filter element 40. Alternatively or additionally, non-coalesced droplets liquid 74 can be projected or expelled from the filter element 40 and collected on the porous filter medium 50. The porous filter medium 50 also facilitates the evacuation of the liquid 74 from the inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall 32 of the filter housing 30 after the liquid 74 flows through the filter element 40. The porous filter medium 50 may optionally act as a secondary filter media after the primary filter medium 42 or after the separator centrifugal.
    After the droplets from the fluid mixture 70 are initially coalesced or centrifuged by the filter element 40, the fluid mixture 70 is separated into filtered gas 72 and liquid 74. As shown in FIG. 2, the filtered gas 72 flows through through the filter element 40 and upwards towards a gas outlet. The coalesced or centrifuged drops of liquid 74 circulate through the primary filter media 42 of the filter element 40 and exit in a radial direction or drain from the outer surface 44 of the filter element 40 towards the porous filter medium 50 located on the inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall 32 of the filter housing 30. The drops or droplets of the separated liquid 74 impact or otherwise collect on the porous filter medium 50. The porous filter medium 50 attracts, drains by capillary action, captures, absorbs or traps droplets of deposited liquid 74 in its structure (e.g., towards the inner surface 34 of the filter housing 30) and holds or holds the liquid droplets until the liquid drains from the porous filter media 50. The porous filter medium 50 can also facilitate the capture and retention of any smaller droplets or drops, such as satellite drops that may be produced by the high gravity forces resulting from the centrifugal action. Liquid drops (including any satellite drops) may form larger drops or pooling on or in the porous filter medium 50 and flow downwardly (relative to gravity) toward the bottom. filter housing 30 within the porous filter media 50 and along the inner surface 34 for liquid evacuation or collection. Thus, the porous filter medium 50 protects the liquid 74 from shear stresses in the gap 52 and any shear stresses that may occur at or near the inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall 32 The shear stress may otherwise cause a liquid entrainment (for example, for the liquid 74 to be transported downstream with the filtered gas 72 towards the gas outlet).
    As shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, the porous filter medium 50 covers the inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall 32 of the filter housing 30 and can be positioned within the flow path of the fluid between the filter element 40. and the gas outlet. The porous filter media 50 may cover the areas of the inner surface 34 that the coalesced or centrifuged drops of liquid 74 from the filter element 40 may deposit or accumulate. According to one embodiment, the porous filter media 50 may cover the entire inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall 32 of the filter housing 30. Since the porous filter medium 50 is positioned in the space between the filter housing 30 and the filter element 40, the porous filter media 50 does not increase the conditioning space of the filter assembly 20. It should be noted, however, that the porous filter medium 50 can only cover a portion of the inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall, and in such implementations, the particular portions of the inner surface 34 of the non-porous wall that are covered with the porous filter medium 50 may vary depending, for example, on system requirements and expected use cases for an associated engine system.
    The porous filter media 50 may be temporarily (ie removably) attached or permanently attached to the inner surface 34. In one embodiment, the porous filter medium 50 may be integrated into the inner surface. 34. In another embodiment, the porous filter medium 50 may be attached to the inner surface 34 with an adhesive, thermal bond, or ultrasound, or other chemical or mechanical mechanisms or processes. In some implementations where the bonding of the porous filter medium 50 to the inner surface 34 is not permanent, the porous filter medium 50 can be removed and replaced at regular service intervals, for example high level of prolonged performance.
    The porous filter media 50 may be constructed from a porous material to allow the liquid 74 to flow through the porous filter media 50. A porous material is defined as a material that is fluid permeable and has small particles. pores (for example, holes) that allow air or liquid to pass through. A pore is defined as a tiny opening, especially an opening through which a material passes through a medium, such as a membrane or a nonwoven material. Other porous media, such as open cell foams or a granular medium may also be used. The porous filter media 50 may further comprise a mesh (eg, a mesh overlay), a woven material (eg, woven filter media), a nonwoven material (eg, a meltblown or spunbond filter media) -linked), or a sieve (for example, a woven sieve). The porous filter medium 50 may also comprise fibrous materials. For example, the porous filter media 50 may be polymeric (eg, including polyester, nylon, or polyamide fibers), or the fibers may be meltblown or spunbonded. The porous filter media 50 may have an uneven or rough surface to create a thicker boundary layer, which further reduces the shear stress on the deposited liquid 74, and allows the liquid drops to coalesce into larger drops or gatherings to assist 'evacuation. In particular embodiments, the porous filter medium 50 comprises a high-swelling filter media, i.e., a filter medium which comprises carded, melt-spun or meltblown webs, the strength of the filter medium (the volume of fibers divided by the total volume of the filter medium) being relatively low, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
    Performance optimization of the filter set
    The porous filter media 50 may have particular media properties, such as a certain pore size and wettability, and a particular thickness to optimize the performance of the filter assembly 20 (e.g. liquid entrainment within the filter assembly 20). For example, in one embodiment, the pore size is greater than or equal to the diameter of the coalesced drops of liquid 74 to facilitate the penetration of the liquid 74 into the porous filter medium 50. In another embodiment, the pore size does not exceed twice the dimensions of the liquid coalesced drop 74 as the drop of liquid 74 leaves the filter element 40 to minimize the shear stresses on the retained liquid. In some implementations, the pore size exceeds 15 μm and, in more specific implementations, exceeds 30 μm. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the pore size may be less than or equal to 30 μm, or more specifically less than or equal to 15 μm in some embodiments. In other embodiments, the pore size may be greater than or equal to 1.5 μm. In some other implementations, the pore size may be less than or equal to 100 μm and, more specifically, may be less than or equal to 50 μm.
    The porous filter media 50 occupies a portion of the space between the inner surface 34 of the nonporous wall 32 of the filter housing 30 and the outer surface 44 of the filter element 40. As shown in FIGS. separation gap 52 physically separates the outer surface 44 of the filter element 40 from the porous filter medium 50. The thickness of the porous filter medium 50 may affect the size of the separation gap 52, which affects the performance of the Thus, the thickness of the porous filter medium 50 must be within a certain range in order to optimize the performance (for example, the pressure drop and the liquid removal efficiency) of the filter assembly 20. Particularly beneficial ranges of thickness of the porous filter media 50 (and, for this reason, the size of the separation gap 52) depend on the outer diameter of the filter element 40 and the inner diameter of the filter housing. 30. Specifically, a porous filter media that is too thick can reduce the thickness of the separation gap 52, which increases the resistance on the filter element 40, thereby increasing energy costs and requiring a more drive mechanism. strong. In order to achieve the desired performance of the filter (e.g., the same strength and rotational speed as a thinner porous filter medium), a thicker porous filter medium would require the inner diameter of the filter housing 30 to be increased and or that the outer diameter of the filter element 40 is decreased, both of which are undesirable design compromises. Conversely, a porous filter media that is too thin may not be thick enough to prevent liquid entrainment.
    In particular embodiments, the minimum thickness of the porous filter medium 50 is at least the expected size thickness of a coalesced drop of liquid 74. According to one embodiment, the thickness of the porous filter media 50 is between approximately 0.015 mm (i.e. 15 pm) and 3 mm. According to one embodiment, the thickness of the porous filter medium 50 is greater than or equal to 0.05 millimeter. According to another embodiment, the thickness of the porous filter medium 50 is less than or equal to 1 millimeter. According to yet another embodiment, the thickness of the porous filter medium 50 is between approximately 0.05 mm and 1 mm inclusive.
    The capillary pressure of the liquid within the porous filter medium 50 must also be within a certain range in order to optimize the performance of the filter assembly 20. The capillary pressure is approximately determined by the following equation:
    (1) where p is the density of the liquid 74 (eg, oil), h is the vertical height of the liquid column supported by the porous filter media 50, y is the surface tension of the liquid 74, is the contact angle (e.g., the quantitative measurement of wettability) of the liquid 74 on the porous filter media 50, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and d is the pore diameter within the porous filter media 50 Measurements of all parameters can be expressed in the centimeter-gram-second (cgs) unit system. The contact angle û may be the term δ (see, for example, Figure 4) described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0050871, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. It should be noted that while base materials such as polyamides, polyesters or other polymeric materials have a contact angle & intrinsic in a given set of measurement conditions, the order of magnitude of the contact angle d for the material may be controlled by the use of coatings, surface treatments or other mechanisms or processes to obtain the desired contact angle δ, such as those described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0050871.
    The porous filter media 50 that have particular wetting properties can be selected to achieve the desired performance. Porous filter media 50 with intermediate wetting properties (eg, a porous filter media 50 with pores that are 15 micrometers or larger) may be preferable, although it should be understood that a wider range may be used. For example, the porous filter medium 50 may be at least partially wetting and / or not strongly oleophobic to allow the liquid 74 (eg, oil) to penetrate and be absorbed or drained by capillarity into the filter medium. porous 50. Thus, the angle of contact & may be less than approximately 145 ° and, more preferably, less than approximately 120 °.
    In addition, the porous filter medium 50 may be at least partially non-wetting and / or non-strongly oleophilic in order to allow the liquid 74 (eg, oil) to escape from the porous filter medium 50. Thus, the angle The contact area may be greater than approximately 35 ° and more preferably greater than approximately 60 °.
    The capillary pressure must also be sufficient to prevent the liquid 74 from collecting on the outer surface of the porous filter medium 50 where the liquid 74 may be exposed to shear stress and where liquid entrainment may occur. According to one embodiment and on the basis of equation (1), the porous filter medium 50 can have a contact angle δ of less than or equal to approximately 90 ° in order to drain the liquid 74 by capillary action in the porous filter medium 50 rather than repelling the liquid 74 (for example, to avoid being oleophobic, in embodiments where the liquid 74 is oil). According to another embodiment, particularly with drops of liquid 74 which are 50 microns or more, it has also been found that contact angles δ between approximately 90 ° and 120 ° can weakly repel the liquid 74 so that the The distance over which the liquid extends away from or beyond the surface of the porous filter medium 50 in the separation gap 52 is small enough to reduce the liquid entrainment.
    Although not mandatory, the capillary pressure can also be sufficiently low so that the deposited liquid 74 can easily be removed from the porous filter medium 50. Equation (1) can define the range of pore sizes that can be used within the porous filter medium 50. For a given contact angle greater than 90 °, when the liquid 74 is lubricating oil, the liquid height h required to initiate evacuation increases rapidly with a decreasing pore size. For this reason, in one embodiment, the pore size (i.e., all pores) within the porous filter media 50 may be greater than approximately 15 micrometers. In another embodiment, the pore size (i.e., all pores) within the porous filter medium 50 may be greater than approximately 30 microns.
    Efficiency comparison in filter assemblies with and without the porous filter media The filter assembly 20 with the porous filter medium 50 can reduce the liquid entrainment and have improved efficiency in all angular directions as compared to a filterless assembly. of porous filter media, as illustrated, for example, in Figure 3. To quantify the efficiency improvement due to the porous filter media, oil mist was filtered by rotary coalescers with and without porous filter media. The coalescers were identical, except for the presence or absence of porous filter medium and were tested using the same oil concentration values, rotation speed (3500 rpm), flow rate (7 feet at cube per minute) and temperature (180 ° F). The porous filter medium was a polyamide filter medium with a contact angle Θ of 0 °. An aerosol particle optical counter was used to measure the particle size and concentration of oil droplets upstream and downstream of the rotary coalescers.
    As shown in Figure 3, the oil droplet removal fractionation efficiency was greater for the rotary coalescer provided with the porous filter media than for the identical rotary coalescer without the porous filter media. The increase in fractionation efficiency is particularly remarkable at oil particle (droplet) sizes greater than approximately 1.5 μm, which is due to reduced oil entrainment using the porous filter medium.
    As used herein, the terms "approximately", "approximately", "substantially" and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning consistent with current usage and accepted by a person skilled in the art to which the object of the present description. It should be understood by those skilled in the art who review this specification that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain described features without limiting the scope of these features to the precise numeric ranges provided. Thus, these terms must be interpreted as indicating negligible or inconsequential changes or variations in the described object and these are considered to be within the scope of the description.
    The terms "coupled", "connected", "fixed" and the like as used herein refer to the connection of two elements directly or indirectly to each other. Such a connection can be stationary (for example, permanent) or mobile (for example, removable or detachable). Such a connection can be made with the two elements or with both elements and any additional intermediate elements being formed in one piece as a single integral body with each other, or with the two elements. two elements or both elements and any additional intermediate elements being fixed to each other.
    References here to element positions (e.g., "up", "down", "above", "below", etc.) are only used to describe the orientation of the various elements in the figures. It should be noted that the orientation of the various elements may differ according to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by the present description.
    It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the various embodiments given by way of example are given by way of illustration only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in the present description, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (eg, variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, parameter values, support arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially deflecting the teachings and advantages of a new type of object described herein. For example, elements shown as being formed in one piece can be constructed from multiple parts or elements, the position of the elements can be reversed or otherwise modified, and the nature or number of distinct elements or positions can be changed. or varied. In addition, it should also be understood that the features described in the various embodiments can be combined to provide further embodiments that are not necessarily shown or described herein. The order or sequence of any process or process steps may be varied or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may also be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangements of the various embodiments given by way of example without departing from the scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (23)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    CLAIMS:
    A filter assembly, comprising: a filter housing including an inner surface; a filter element adapted to separate a liquid from a fluid mixture and defining an outer surface, the filter element positioned within the filter housing such that the outer surface of the filter element faces the inner surface of the housing; filter; and a porous filter medium attached to the inner surface of the filter housing.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    A filter assembly according to claim 1, wherein, during operation of the filter assembly, coalesced drops of liquid expelled from the filter element are retained by the porous filter media.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    The filter assembly of claim 2, wherein a size of each of a plurality of pores within the porous filter medium is greater than or equal to the diameter of the coalesced drops of the liquid.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein a size of each of a plurality of pores within the porous filter medium is less than or equal to 100 micrometers.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein a size of each of a plurality of pores within the porous filter medium is less than 50 microns.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Filter assembly according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the porous filter medium is at least equal to a thickness of the coalesced drops of the liquid.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the porous filter medium is between 0.05 millimeter and 1 millimeter inclusive.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the porous filter medium defines a plurality of pores therein.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the porous filter medium is not strongly oleophobic and not strongly oleophilic.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    The filter assembly of claim 9, wherein the liquid expelled from the filter element comes into contact with the porous filter media at a contact angle between approximately 35 ° and 145 °.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    The filter assembly of claim 10, wherein the contact angle is between approximately 60 ° and 120 °.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    The filter assembly of claim 11, wherein the contact angle is approximately 90 °.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the porous filter media is a nonwoven filter media.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the filter assembly is a rotary centrifuge.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein the filter assembly is a rotary coalescer.
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the porous filter medium is greater than or equal to 0.05 millimeter.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    The filter assembly of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the porous filter medium is less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    A filter housing assembly, comprising: a filter housing including an inner surface, the filter housing being sized and adapted to receive a filter element therein in such a manner that the outer surface of the filter element faces on the inner surface of the filter housing, the filter element being adapted to separate a liquid from a fluid mixture; and a porous filter media attached to the inner surface of the filter housing, the porous filter element being designed and positioned to retain drops of liquid expelled by the filter element during a filtering operation.
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    The filter housing assembly of claim 18, wherein the porous filter media is permanently attached to the inner surface of the filter housing.
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    The filter housing assembly of claim 18, wherein the porous filter media is temporarily attached to the inner surface of the filter housing.
    [21" id="c-fr-0021]
    The filter housing assembly of claim 18, wherein the porous filter medium defines a plurality of pores therein, each of the plurality of pores having a size of less than or equal to 100 microns.
    [22" id="c-fr-0022]
    The filter housing assembly of claim 18, wherein the porous filter media defines a plurality of pores therein, each of the plurality of pores having a size of less than or equal to 50 microns.
    [23" id="c-fr-0023]
    The filter housing assembly of claim 18, wherein a thickness of the porous filter medium is between 0.05 millimeter and 1 millimeter inclusive.
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    引用文献:
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