• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an adapter (A) for a roller assembly comprising a tire (P) and a rim (J), said adapter being intended to ensure the connection between the tire and the rim, and is intended to increase its impact resistance. The adapter (A) comprises an axially inner end (10) with an inner reinforcing member (16), an axially outer end (9) with an outer reinforcing member (15) and a body (11). According to the invention, the outer reinforcing element (15), axially external to the bearing surface (21), is a bead wire constituted by a stack of at least three layers (23, 24, 25) consisting of wires metallic and concentric. A first layer or core (23) comprises at least one wire having a diameter D1 at least equal to 0.8 mm and at most equal to 5 mm, a second layer (24) is constituted by a wire having a diameter D2 at most equal to 1.4 times the diameter D1 and helically wound having an angle A2 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 ° and a third layer (25) is constituted by a wire having a diameter D3 and helically wound around the second layer (24) having an angle A3 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 ° and of opposite sign to that of the angle A2.
    公开号:FR3036064A1
    申请号:FR1554219
    申请日:2015-05-12
    公开日:2016-11-18
    发明作者:Henri Barguet；Arthur Topin；Michel Ahouanto
    申请人:Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland ；Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA；Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to an adapter for a wheel assembly comprising a tire and a rim, said adapter being intended to ensure the connection between the tire and the rim. It also relates to a roller assembly comprising said adapter. A tire is a ring structure whose axis of revolution is the axis of rotation of the tire, comprising a tread intended to come into contact with a ground, two sidewalls and two beads intended to come into contact with a tire. rim, the two beads being connected to the tread by the two sides. The following are the definitions used in the present invention: - "axial direction": direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the tire, - "radial direction": direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire, - "radial plane": plane containing the axis of rotation of the tire and defined by the radial and axial directions, - "circumferential direction": direction perpendicular to a radial plane, - "equatorial plane": plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation and passing through the middle of the tread of the tire. In the application WO 0078565 it is already known to insert, between the beads of a tire and a rim, a connecting element or adapter. This adapter, consisting of reinforced rubber compounds, is elastically deformable at least in both radial and axial directions. Such an adapter makes it possible to dissociate the portion of the roller assembly that can be considered as actually working as a tire, the part of the roller assembly that can be considered to work as a rim. [0005] But, if such a rolling assembly allows the tire to perform its usual functions, and in particular a drift thrust response following the application of a drift angle 3036064 2 to the tire which thus confers on the rolling assembly. sufficient flexibility to protect the tire from any degradation, it does not, however, perfectly guarantee a sufficient deformability of the rolling assembly during shocks on curbs or in holes of the roadway, such as potholes. Indeed, the adapter of the state of the art referred to above, ensuring the connection of each bead of the tire with the rim, does not have the optimum mechanical characteristics, mainly in terms of stiffness, allowing to absorb large deformations during the passage of the rolling assembly in potholes. This may result in residual plastic deformations, or even breakage, of said adapter, and, therefore, damage to the wheel assembly. In addition, no suggestion is given in this document on developments in the design of the adapter to overcome the previously described disadvantages. [0008] Also, the inventors have set themselves the objective of proposing a new, more shock-resistant adapter, when using the rolling assembly on roads in poor condition, while maintaining a high level of performance. rolling assembly in terms of handling, and in particular drifting thrust. The invention therefore relates to an adapter for a rolling assembly having an axis of rotation, the rolling assembly comprising a tire having two beads, a rim having two rim flanges, and, for each bead, said adapter ensuring the junction between the bead and the rim, said adapter comprising: - an axially inner end connected to the rim and preferably comprising an inner reinforcing element and intended to be mounted on a rim flange, - an axially outer end comprising an element outer reinforcement and intended to come into contact with an axially inner, substantially radial or bearing face, with a bead, a body, connecting the axially outer end with the axially inner end so as to form a unitary piece, comprising at least one main reinforcement armature providing the connection between the reinforcing element the outer reinforcing element and the inner reinforcing element, and comprising a substantially axial adapter seat intended to come into contact with a bead, the outer reinforcing element being entirely axially external to the bearing face, the element outer reinforcement being an annular structure, called a bead wire, having a middle line and consisting of a stack of at least three layers consisting of 10 wires and concentric with respect to the mean line, a first layer or core comprising at least one wire having a diameter D1 at least equal to 0.8 mm and at most equal to 5 mm, a second layer consisting of a wire having a diameter D2 at most equal to 1.4 times the diameter D1 and helically wound around the wire by forming, with the average line of the bead wire, an angle A2 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 °, and a third layer consisting of a metal wire a having a diameter D3 and wound helically around the second layer forming, with the average line of the bead wire, an angle A3 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 ° and of opposite sign to that of the angle A2. An adapter, a connecting element between the tire and the rim, enables a rolling assembly, while driving, to have sufficient radial deformations at the level of the bead of the tire to allow the desired protection with respect to side impacts. The axially outer end of the adapter defines axially a portion 25 of the adapter body, called adapter seat, and for receiving a tire bead. The adapter seat performs the same function as a junction seat, which is the substantially axial portion of a rim flange. In the axial direction, the bearing surface of the axially outer end serves to support the bead of the tire like a rim hook, which is the substantially radial portion of a rim flange.
    [0002] The tire is then immobilized axially by the inflation pressure, and is pressed 3036064 against the bearing surface of this axially outer end, as in the usual case of a tire bead applied against a rim hook.  The axially inner end of the adapter could be called "adapter bead" since it is intended to hang the adapter on the rim 5 of a rim, as in the usual case of a bead of pneumatic leaning on a rim flange.  Thus, during its use, the tire is substantially immobilized axially relative to the rim.  More specifically, the beads of the tire are immobilized axially relative to the rim, as for a conventional roller assembly 10 in which the beads of the tire are mounted directly on the rim flanges.  On the other hand, the beads of the tire are not immobilized radially with respect to the rim.  More precisely, the beads of the tire have a possibility of radial displacement relative to the rim.  In standard rolling, the axial deformation of the adapter is negligible compared to its radial deformation.  On the other hand, during a shock, the axial deformation of the adapter can be significant, which contributes to reducing the mechanical forces on the wheel assembly.  The adapter according to the invention is essentially characterized by an axially outer end of which the reinforcing element is, firstly, disposed radially outside the adapter seat.  Secondly, the outer reinforcing member of the axially outer end is an annular structure, called a bead wire, having a middle line and consisting of a stack of at least three layers of wire and concentric to the line average.  By definition, the average line of the rod is the locus of the barycentres of the successive sections of the rod, that is to say the place of the centers of the circles in the case of circular sections.  A first, radially innermost, layer or core of the bead wire comprises at least one wire having a diameter D1 of at least 0. 8 mm and at most equal to 5 mm.  A second layer of the rod is constituted by a wire having a diameter D2 at most equal to 1. 4 times the diameter Dl and wound helically around the core forming, with the average line of the rod, an angle A2 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 °.  A third layer of the bead wire is constituted by a wire having a diameter D3 and wound helically around the second layer, forming, with the average line of the bead wire, an angle A3 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 ° and opposite sign to that of the angle A2.  Thus, each of the second and third layers of the rod is formed by the helical winding of a single wire.  The helical windings of the respective constituent son of the second and third layers of the rod are made in opposite directions of rotation and constitute what is called a twist.  The twist has the advantage of creating a natural and durable cohesion between the yarns, thanks to a constant orientation of the helical curvature of each layer yarn with respect to the mean line of the bead wire.  In addition, for a given layer, the use of a single wire limits the discontinuity of the layer at its two circumferential ends and facilitates the manufacture of the annular structure of the rod by simply butting the ends 15 circumferentially they layers.  The main advantage of the adapter according to the invention is to improve the mechanical strength of the rolling assembly, subject to severe road use, thanks to greater deformability of the adapter, and in particular a more high axial deformability.  This deformability is obtained by optimizing the flexibility or flexibility of the axially outer end of the adapter, and in particular by optimizing the flexibility of the outer reinforcing element.  This flexibility is actually allowed by a torsion rod which is both able to deform in traction, compression and flexion.  Furthermore, the adapter according to the invention has the advantage of significantly reducing the level of the mechanical forces transmitted to the chassis of the vehicle, during a shock, and thus to lighten the vehicle body .  Finally, the adapter according to the invention has the advantage of having a simple architecture and being easy to mount on the wheel assembly.  According to a preferred embodiment, the core of the bead wire consists of a single metal wire.  This single rectilinear wire serves as a support for the helical winding of the second layer.  Even more preferentially, the third layer of the bead wire consists of a metal wire having a diameter D3 equal to the diameter D2.  An identical diameter for the respective constituent son of the second and third layer of the bead wire allows the use of the same type of wire for the second and third layers, hence a simplification of manufacture.  In addition, it allows to build rods having common assembly formulas.  The angles A2 and A3 formed respectively by the constituent metal wires of the second and third layers of the bead wire are at least equal to 3 ° and at most equal to 8 °.  This range of angles, for the angle of each helix of the twist, allows to obtain a curvature of the helix close to the curvature of the average line of the rod.  Below the lower limit of 3 °, an angle too small gives the helix a winding pitch around the core or the second inner layer, too long, which degrades the cohesion of the twist, in particular inside the curvature of the bead wire, the wire of the layer concerned tending to take a rectilinear trajectory at each twist turn.  Beyond the upper limit of 8 °, an angle too large, while increasing the cohesion of the winding of the wire on the radially inner layer, gives the wire an excessive curvature, much greater than the curvature of the wire. the average line of the rod, with the main effect of reducing the bending stiffness of the rod.  The second layer of the rod comprising, in any radial section, N2 unit wire sections of diameter D2, the number N2 of unit wire sections of diameter D2 is at least equal to 5.  Indeed, the number N 2 of unit wire sections of the second layer of the bead wire depends on the ratio between the diameter of the winding and the diameter of the wound wire.  When the diameter D1 of the soul decreases and approaches 0. 7 times the value of the diameter D2 of the wire of the second layer, the number N2 of sections of the unit wire at the level of the second layer decreases and tends towards 5.  The second layer of the bead wire comprising, in any radial section, N2 unitary wire sections of diameter D2, and the third layer of the bead wire comprising, in any radial section, N3 sections of unitary wire of diameter D3, the number N3 of unitary wire sections of diameter D3 is at least equal to the number N2 + 6 of unitary wire sections of diameter D2.  The number of unit wire sections increases by a minimum of 6 when a layer passes from the immediately radially outer layer, when the wire diameters of each layer are equal.  This increase makes it possible to achieve a sufficient number of unitary wire sections in 3 layers, for example at least 19 unitary wire sections with a single-core core called a monofilament core, to obtain the necessary strength of the bead wire.  The diameter D1 of the constituent metal wire of the core of the bead wire is advantageously at least equal to 1. 2 mm and at most equal to 4. 5 mm.  Below a minimum value of 1. 2 mm, the section of the wire is too weak to guarantee rigidity of the wire, and therefore of the rod, sufficient, implying insufficient rigidity of the adapter, which can lead to difficulties in guiding the roller assembly.  Beyond a maximum value of 4. 5 mm, the section of the wire is too large to ensure a flexibility of the wire, and therefore the rod, sufficient, implying a flexibility of the adapter insufficient to absorb any shocks on the axially outer end of the adapter.  It should be noted that for a strain-hardened carbon steel wire, the breaking strength of the wire increases as the diameter of the wire decreases.  The constituent metal son of the first, second and third layer of the rod being made of steel and having a breaking strength Rm, the breaking strength Rm of a steel wire is at least equal to 1000 MPa and at most equal at 3000 MPa, preferably at least 1400 MPa and at most equal to 2800 MPa.  The breaking strength of a hardened steel wire generally reaches a level much higher than that obtained with any other material that can be used for the constituent wires of the bead wire.  A steel making it possible to achieve such a level of resistance to breaking of the threads furthermore ensures an elastic flexibility of the bead wire, that is to say a reversible flexibility of the bead wire.  The reversibility of the bending deformation of the impacted bead wire persists over time, despite increasing deformation of the bead wire.  The breaking strength of the steel can be increased in particular by suitable choices relating to its chemical composition and degree of hardening.  The rod having a circular radial section of diameter Ds, the diameter Ds of the circular radial section of the rod is at least equal to 4 mm and at most equal to 25 mm, preferably at least 6 mm and at most equal to 21 mm.  Increasing the diameter Ds of the rod, and therefore the radial section of the rod, makes it possible to introduce a greater number of wires and, consequently, to reach the level of rigidity necessary to guarantee safety and smooth operation. of the rolling assembly.  The possibility of assembling an increasing number of son whose diameter is adjustable per layer is a degree of freedom 10 interesting in terms of design, particularly when the diameter Ds of the rod is limited by dimensional constraints of the stent.  According to a first embodiment of the invention, the body comprises an annular seat reinforcement radially inner to the adapter seat.  But this annular seat reinforcement is not mandatory.  [0028] The annular seat reinforcement advantageously has a compression modulus greater than or equal to 1 GPa, and preferably greater than 4 GPa, and even more preferably greater than 10 GPa.  The annular seat reinforcement advantageously also comprises at least one reinforcing element coated with a polymeric material.  According to a first variant of the first embodiment, the reinforcement element of the annular seat reinforcement comprises a metallic material, such as steel.  Most often, the reinforcing element is then constituted by a layer or a stack of layers of metal cables, which are assemblies of metal son, said metal cables being coated with a polymeric material and most often elastomeric.  According to a second variant of the first embodiment, the reinforcement element of the annular seat reinforcement comprises a textile material, such as an aliphatic polyamide or nylon, an aromatic polyamide or aramid, a polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthenate (PEN) or any combination of the aforementioned materials.  Most often, the reinforcing element is constituted by a layer or a stack of layers of textile reinforcements, which are assemblies of textile yarns, said textile reinforcements being coated with a polymeric and most often elastomeric material.  According to a third variant of the first embodiment, the reinforcing element of the seat ring reinforcement comprises glass fibers embedded in a polymeric material.  According to other variants of the first embodiment, the reinforcing element of the seat ring reinforcement may also comprise, by way of examples and non-exhaustive way: carbon fibers, textile fibers other than those previously mentioned: cellulosic fibers such as rayon, natural fibers based on cotton, linen, hemp, as well as any combination of these fibers.  The polymeric materials that can be used for coating the reinforcing element of the seat reinforcement are, for example and non-exhaustively: saturated or unsaturated elastomers, optionally comprising thermoplastic blocks (thermoplastic elastomers or TPE), thermoplastic materials, thermosetting materials.  According to a preferred variant of the first embodiment, the annular seat reinforcement is a composite material based on glass fibers embedded in a matrix made of thermoplastic material.  In this case, the glass fibers constitute the reinforcing element of the annular seat reinforcement and the encapsulating material is the thermoplastic material.  The annular seat reinforcement advantageously has an axial width at least equal to 30% and at most equal to 150% of the axial width of the bead of the tire, and preferably at least 40% and at most equal to at 110% of the axial width of the bead of the tire.  The annular seat reinforcement may also advantageously have a mean radial thickness at least equal to 0. 3 mm and at most 20 mm, preferably between 0. 5 mm and 10 mm.  This radial thickness is a function of the size of the tire.  For a passenger tire, the radial thickness is preferably between 0. 5 mm and 10 mm.  When the reinforcement element of the annular seat reinforcement is constituted by a stack of reinforcement layers, the annular seat reinforcement preferably has an axial width of at least 5 mm and at most equal to 25 mm, and a radial thickness at least equal to 0. 1 mm and at most equal to 4 mm.  Each reinforcing layer of the stack of reinforcement layers has an axial width of at least 1 mm and at most equal to 25 mm, and a radial thickness of at least 0.1 mm and at most equal to at 2 mm.  The axial widths and the radial thicknesses of the different reinforcement layers are not necessarily identical.  Preferably, the annular seat reinforcement may be disposed, inside the adapter body, radially outside or radially inside the main reinforcement armature of the adapter body, or between the layers of said main reinforcing armature, the latter most often comprising two layers.  [0041] According to a second embodiment of the invention, the main reinforcing armature of the body comprises a radial superposition of at least two layers of reinforcements, said reinforcements being parallel to each other in the same layer and crossed with each other from one layer to the next and each of the layers of the main reinforcement armature of the body comprises reinforcements forming, with a circumferential direction of the tire, an angle of at least 30 °, and coated with a polymeric material having a modulus of elasticity at 10% elongation at most equal to 70 MPa.  The second embodiment of the invention differs essentially from the first embodiment in the absence of an annular seat reinforcement.  In this second embodiment, the fact that the rod is positioned axially integrally outside the bearing face, therefore outside the adapter body, ensures that the rod does not stiffen. axially the body and therefore does not limit its axial deformability.  In addition, the main reinforcing armature of the body comprises a radial superposition of at least two layers of reinforcements, said reinforcements being parallel to each other in one and the same layer and crossed from one layer to the next, and each layer is constituted by reinforcements forming, with the circumferential direction, an angle of at least 30 °, these reinforcements being embedded in a polymeric material having a modulus of elasticity at 10% elongation at most equal to 70 ° C. MPa.  The main reinforcing armature is indeed constituted by the winding of a reinforcing layer respectively around the outer reinforcing member and the inner reinforcing member.  This results in a radial superposition of at least two layers in the body: two layers if there is no overlap of the ends of the winding, 3 layers if there is overlapping of the ends of the winding.  The angle formed by the reinforcements of a layer, with the circumferential direction, is given in absolute value, knowing that, given the manufacturing principle adopted for the main reinforcing reinforcement, the sign of the angle is reversed. when going from one layer to the next.  The fact of having a minimum threshold value for the angle of the reinforcements guarantees a minimum axial rigidity of the adapter, necessary for the rigidity of drift expected for the rolling assembly.  A modulus of elasticity at 10% elongation for the polymeric coating material less than a maximum threshold value ensures the axial deformability of the adapter.  [0046] The combination of the features of the second embodiment has the advantage of having a sufficiently flexible adapter axially to be easily mounted, with a good ability to absorb large deformations in case of pinch impact.  The main reinforcement armature of said adapter body generally has a modulus of at least 4 GPa.  It may comprise reinforcements of all types of metallic or textile material such as those mentioned above for the annular seat reinforcement.  The axial width of the adapter body according to the invention is generally at least 2. 54 cm and at most equal to 8 cm, and preferably at least 3. 17 cm and at most equal to 5. 10 cm.  Preferably, the adapter may be arranged on one side of the rim, and even more preferably on the outside of the vehicle.  In this case, the rim then has an asymmetrical geometric shape so as to adapt to the presence of the adapter present on one side only.  When the wheel assembly comprises two adapters, the latter may be symmetrical or unsymmetrical.  The concept of symmetry or dissymmetry of the adapter is defined by the axial width of the body of the adapter.  Two adapters are asymmetrical when the body of one of them has an axial width greater than that of the other.  Preferably, the rolling assembly according to the invention comprises a first and a second adapter each having bodies of different or identical widths.  The invention also relates to a wheel assembly comprising, for each bead of the tire, an adapter according to any one of the previously described embodiments.  The invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 which are diagrammatic and not necessarily to scale: FIG. 1: radial section of an unassembled adapter, according to a first variant of the invention with annular seat reinforcement, - figure 2: radial section of an unassembled adapter, according to a second variant of the invention without an annular seat reinforcement, 3036064 13 - figure 3: radial section of a rolling assembly, comprising two adapters according to the second variant of the invention without annular seat reinforcement.  Figure 1 shows an adapter not mounted on the rim, according to a first variant of the invention with annular seat reinforcement.  This adapter comprises an axially outer end 9 comprising an outer reinforcing member 15, an axially inner end 10 comprising an inner reinforcing member 16, and a body 11 comprising a main reinforcing armature 17.  The main reinforcement armature 17 is constituted by a single reinforcing layer which wraps respectively around the inner reinforcing element 16 of the axially inner end 1 () and around the outer reinforcing element 15. the axially outer end 9.  At the body 11, the forward and return portions of said reinforcing layer thus constitutes a substantially radial stack of at least two reinforcing layers.  The main reinforcing armature 17 is enveloped by a layer of elastomeric material 20.  The body 11 further includes an adapter seat 18 for engaging a tire bead.  The body 11 has an axial width L, measured between the axially inner face 21 of the axially outer end 9 and the axially outer face 26 of the axially inner end 10.  In this first embodiment of the invention, the body 11 also comprises an annular seat reinforcement 19, radially external to the main reinforcing armature 17 and axially inner to the axially outer end 9.  In Figure 1, the outer reinforcing member 15 is an annular structure, called rod, having a mean line M and consisting of a stack of three layers (23, 24, 25) made of metal son and concentric compared to the middle line M.  The first or most radially inner layer 23 or core 23 comprises a wire having a diameter D1 of at least 0. 8 mm and at most equal to 5 mm.  The second layer 24 is constituted by a wire having a diameter D2 equal, in the case shown, to the diameter D1, and wound helically around the core 23.  by forming, with the mean line M of the bead wire 15, an angle A2 (not shown) at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 °. The third layer 25 is constituted by a wire having an equal diameter D3, in the case shown, at the diameter D2 and wound helically around the second layer 24 forming, with the average line M of the rod 15, an angle A3 (not shown) at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal at 10 ° and opposite sign to that of the angle A2.  In the case shown, the core consists of a single wire, the second layer 24 has a number N2 of unit wire sections equal to 6, and the third layer 25 has a number N3 of unit wire sections equal to 12 .  Figure 2 differs from Figure 1 only by the removal of the annular seat reinforcement (19).  FIG. 3 shows a radial section, in a plane YZ, of a wheel assembly comprising a tire P, a rim J and, for each bead B, an adapter A 10 ensuring the junction between the bead B and the rim. J.  The tire P comprises a tread (not referenced) extended radially inwards by two flanks 1, themselves extended radially inwards by two beads B.  In each bead B, the carcass reinforcement 2 wraps around a circumferential reinforcing element or bead wire 3, to form a reversal 4 separated from the carcass reinforcement 2 by a filling element 5.  The rim J comprises, in a median portion, a mounting groove 6, intended to facilitate the mounting of the beads B of the tire P, and at its axial ends, two rim flanges 8 each comprising a substantially radial portion or rim hook 7a and a substantially axial portion or rim seat 7b.  The adapter A comprises an axially inner end 10 comprising an inner reinforcing element 16 and being mounted on a rim flange 8, an axially outer end 9 comprising an outer reinforcing element 15 and intended to come into contact with one another. axially inner, substantially radial face, or bearing face 21, with a bead B, and finally a body 11, connecting the axially outer end 9 with the axially inner end 25 so as to form a unitary piece, comprising minus a main reinforcing armature 17 providing the connection between the outer reinforcing element 15 and the inner reinforcing element 16, and comprising a substantially axial adapter seat 18 intended to come into contact with a bead B.  By way of illustration, two examples of rods have been evaluated as an adapter outer reinforcing member.  The first example is a rod formed by 3 layers of steel reinforcements.  The first or most radially inner layer 23 or core 23 comprises a wire 5 having a diameter D1 equal to 3 mm.  The second layer 24 is constituted by a wire having a diameter D2 equal to 1. 75 mm and wound helically around the core 23.  forming, with the average line M of the rod 15, an angle A2 (not shown) equal to 6. 2 °.  The third layer 25 is constituted by a wire having a diameter D3 equal to the diameter D2, that is to say to 1. 75 mm, and wound helically around the second layer 24 forming, with the average line M of the rod 15, an angle A3 (not shown) equal to 8. 8 ° and opposite sign to that of the angle A2.  In the present case, the second layer 24 has a number N2 of unit wire sections equal to 8 and the third layer 25 has a number N3 of unit wire sections equal to 14.  The formula of this rod is therefore 1 * 3 mm + 8 * 1. 75 mm + 14 * 1. 75 mm.  The second example, corresponding to the case illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 3, is a bead wire constituted by 3 layers of reinforcements made of steel.  The first or most radially inner layer 23 or core comprises a wire having a diameter D1 equal to 2 mm.  The second layer 24 is constituted by a wire having a diameter D2 equal to the diameter D1, that is to say to 2 mm and helically wound around the core 23.  by forming, with the mean line M of the rod 15, an angle A2 (not shown) equal to 3.3 °.  The third layer 25 is constituted by a wire having a diameter D3 equal to the diameter D2, that is to say to 2 mm, and wound helically around the second layer 24 forming, with the average line M of the 15, an angle A3 (not shown) equal to 6.6 ° and opposite sign to that of the angle A2.  In the present case, the second layer 24 has a number N2 of unit wire sections equal to 6 and the third layer 25 has a number N3 of unit wire sections equal to 12.  The formula of this rod is (1 + 6 + 12) * 2 mm.  The first example of rod of formula (1 * 3 mm + 8 * 1. 75 mm + 14 * 1. 75 mm) was integrated in an adapter for a tire of size 225 / 45R17 mounted on 3036064 16 a wheel 4. 5B16.  In addition, this rod has a toroidal shape whose inner diameter is equal to 471 mm and has a mass equal to 713 g.  This wheel assembly Si, comprising two adapters (a bead adapter), was compared on the one hand with a standard reference wheel set R1, without adapter, comprising a 225 / 45R17 tire mounted on a wheel 7. 5717, and secondly to a roller assembly E1 comprising a tire of size 225 / 45R17 mounted on a wheel 7. 5717 and two adapters (one adapter per bead).  Each adapter of the roller assembly E1 has as its external reinforcing element a solid rod whose radial section is a disk of diameter 10 mm and whose constituent material is a glass-resin composite, that is to say 10 comprising fiberglass in a resin matrix.  For each of the three sets of wheels Si, R1 and El previously described, were measured drift rigidity DZ and radial stiffness KZ.  The drift rigidity DZ, expressed in daN / °, is the axial force to be applied to the tire to obtain a rotation of 1 ° of the rolling assembly about a radial axis.  In this case, the drift stiffness DZ is measured for a tire inflated to a pressure of 2. 5 bar and crushed under a radial load Z equal to 4286 N.  The radial stiffness KZ, expressed in daN / mm, is the radial force to be applied to the tire to obtain a radial displacement of 1 mm.  In the present case, the radial rigidity KZ is measured for a tire inflated to a pressure P equal to 2. 5 bar, its nominal load Z, within the meaning of the ETRTO standard (European Tire and Rim Technical Organization), being equal to 3620 daN.  In the table below, the drift rigidities DZ and radial KZ of the tires of the compared roller sets S1, R1 and El are expressed in relative values with respect to the reference roller assembly R1 taken as the base 100.  In addition, the three roller sets S1, R1 and E1 were subjected to a "Pinch Shock" test, that is to say to a pinch shock test, followed by an endurance test. .  A "Pinch Shock" test consists in repeatedly subjecting the tire, inflated to a pressure P equal to 2. 3 bar, crushed under a load Z equal to 500 daN and running at 45km / h, to a shock against a sidewalk having a height of 110 mm, in a direction forming an angle equal to 70 ° relative to the direction of travel.  At the end of this "Pinch Shock" test, an endurance test is carried out, in which the tire, traveling at 30 3060,064 km / h, is subjected to angles of drift varying between -6 ° and +6. ° around the radial direction.  The integrity of the tire is then examined at the end of this sequence of two tests.  Table 1 below presents the results of drift stiffness DZ, radial stiffness KZ and drift endurance test, following a "Pinch Shock" test, for the roller sets R1, El and Si for a tire of size 225 / 45R17: Rolling assembly Drift rigidity DZ (Z = 4826N, P = 2. 5bar) Radial stiffness Endurance resistance KZ drift after test (Z = 3620N, "Pinch Shock" P = 2. 5bar) R1: Tire 225 / 45R17 + wheel 7. 5J17 100% 100% NA (puncture) El: Tire 225 / 45R17 + 2 96% 98% NOK (breakage rod) adapters with external CVR rod (OD 10 mm) + wheel 4. 5B16 S1: Tire 225 / 45R17 + 2 adapters with outer bead of formula (1 * 3mm + 8 * 1. 75mm + 14 * 1 75mm - outside diameter lOmm) + wheel 4. 5B16 97% 98% OK Table 1: Rigidity of drift and radial, and endurance in 225 / 45R17 [0065] Table 1 shows that the two sets El and S1 with adapters have rigidity drift DZ and radial KZ substantially the same level than those of the reference wheel assembly R1 without an adapter.  On the other hand, the rolling assembly S1 is more efficient than the rolling assembly El, in test of endurance after test in "Pinch Shock", because the rod of adapter remains integral for Si whereas the rod of adapter is broken for El.  Table 2 below shows the same type of results for three rolling assemblies R2, S21 and S22 in the case of a 245 / 40R18 tire.  The standard R2 reference wheel set, without adapter, comprises a 245 / 40R18 tire mounted on an 8J17 wheel.  The rolling assembly S21 comprises a tire 245 / 40R18 mounted on a wheel 4. 5J16 and two adapters (one adapter per bead).  Each adapter of the rolling assembly S21 has as outer reinforcement element a rod of formula (1 * 3 mm + 8 * 1. 75 mm + 14 * 1. 75 mm) whose circular radial section has a diameter equal to 10 mm.  The rolling assembly S22 comprises a 245 / 40R18 tire mounted on a wheel 4. 5J16 and two adapters (one adapter per bead).  Each adapter of the roller assembly S22 has as outer reinforcing element a rod of formula (1 + 6 + 12) * 2 mm, the circular radial section to a diameter of 10 mm.  In addition, this rod has a toroidal shape whose inner diameter is equal to 471 mm and has a mass equal to 707 g.  Table 2 below presents the results of drift stiffness DZ, of radial stiffness KZ and of drift endurance test, following a "Pinch Shock" test, for the rolling sets R2, S21 and S22. for a 245 / 40R18 tire: Roll set Drift rigidity DZ (Z = 5101N, P = 2. 5bar) Radial stiffness Endurance resistance KZ drift after test (Z = 3826N, "Pinch Shock" P = 2. 5bar) R2: Tire 245 / 40R18 + wheel 8J17 100% 100% NA (puncture) S21: Tire 245 / 40R18 + 2 99% 99% OK adapters with outer bead of formula (1 * 3mm + 8 * 1 75mm + 14 * 1. 75mm - outside diameter lOmm) + wheel 4. 5J16 S22: Tire 245 / 40R18 + 2 98% 99% OK adapters with outer bead of formula (1 + 6 + 12) * 2 mm with diam.  ext lOmm) + wheel 4. Table 2: Drift and Radial Rigidity, and 245 / 40R18 Endurance [0068] Table 2 shows that the two roller assemblies S21 and S22 with adapters have drift rigidities DZ and radial KZ substantially of the same level as those of 3036064 19 the reference roller assembly R2 without adapter.  In addition, the two wheel sets S21 and S22 both satisfy the endurance test after "Pinch Shock" test.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1 - Adapter (A) for a roller assembly having an axis of rotation (YY '), the rolling assembly comprising: - a tire (P) having two beads (B), - a rim (J) having two rim flanges ( 8), - for each bead (B), said adapter (A) providing the junction between the bead (B) and the rim (J), said adapter (A) comprising: - an axially inner end (10) connected to the rim (J) and preferably comprising an inner reinforcing element (16) and intended to be mounted on a rim flange (8), - an axially outer end (9) comprising an outer reinforcing element (15) and intended to enter in contact by an axially inner, substantially radial face, or bearing face (21), with a bead (B), - a body (11), connecting the axially outer end (9) with the axially inner end ( 10) so as to form a unitary piece, comprising at least one reinforcing reinforcement main element (17) providing the connection between the outer reinforcing element (15) and the inner reinforcing element (16), and comprising a substantially axial adapter seat (18) intended to come into contact with a bead ( B), characterized in that the outer reinforcing element (15) is entirely axially external to the bearing face (21), in that the outer reinforcing element (15) is an annular structure, called a bead wire , having a mean line (M) and being constituted by a stack of at least three layers (23, 24, 25) made of wires and concentric with respect to the mean line (M), in that a first layer or core (23) comprises at least one wire having a diameter D1 at least equal to 0.8 mm and at most equal to 5 mm, in that a second layer (24) is constituted by a wire having a diameter D2 at more equal to 1.4 times the diameter Dl and wound helically around the core (23) in fo rmant, with the average line (M) of the rod (15), an angle A2 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 ° and in that a third layer (25) is constituted by a wire metal having a diameter D3 and wound helically around the second layer (24) forming, with the mean line (M) of the rod (15), an angle A3 at least equal to 2 ° and at most equal to 10 ° and of opposite sign to that of the angle A2. 5
    [0002]
    2 - Adapter according to claim 1, wherein the core (23) of the rod (15) is constituted by a single wire.
    [0003]
    3 - Adapter according to one of the two claims 1 or 2, wherein the third layer (25) is constituted by a wire having a diameter D3 equal to the diameter D2
    [0004]
    4 - An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the angles A2 10 and A3 respectively formed by the constituent metal son of the second and third layers (24, 25) of the rod (15) are at least equal to 3 ° and at most equal to 8 °.
    [0005]
    5 - An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the second layer (24) of the rod (15) comprising, in any radial section, N2 unit wire sections of diameter D2, wherein the number N2 of sections of unitary wire of diameter D2 is at least 5.
    [0006]
    6 - An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the second layer (24) of the rod (15) comprising, in any radial section, N2 unit wire sections of diameter D2, and the third layer (24) of the bead wire (15) comprising, in any radial section, N3 unit wire sections of diameter D3, wherein the number N3 of unit wire sections of diameter D3 is at least equal to the number N2 + 6 of unit wire sections of diameter D2.
    [0007]
    7 - Adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diameter D1 of the constituent metal wire of the core (23) of the rod (15) is at least equal to 1.2 mm and at most equal to 4.5 mm . 25
    [0008]
    8 - Adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the constituent metal son of the first, second and third layer (23, 24, 25) of the rod (15) being made of steel and having a breaking strength Rm, in which the breaking strength 3036064 22 Rm of a steel wire is at least equal to 1000 MPa and at most equal to 3000 MPa, preferably at least equal to 1400 MPa and at most equal to 2800 MPa.
    [0009]
    9 - Adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the rod (15) having a circular radial section of diameter Ds, wherein the diameter Ds of the circular radial section 5 of the rod (15) is at least equal to 4 mm and at most equal to 25 mm, preferably at least equal to 6 mm and at most equal to 21 mm.
    [0010]
    An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the body (11) comprises an annular seat reinforcement (19) axially interior to the adapter seat (18). 10
    [0011]
    11 - An adapter according to claim 10, wherein the annular seat reinforcement (19) has a compression modulus greater than or equal to 1 GPa, and preferably greater than 4 GPa, and even more preferably greater than 10 GPa.
    [0012]
    12 - Adapter according to one of claims 10 or 11, wherein the annular seat reinforcement (19) comprises a reinforcing element coated with a polymeric material. 15
    [0013]
    An adapter according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcing element of the annular seat reinforcement (19) comprises a metallic material, such as steel.
    [0014]
    An adapter according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcing element of the annular seat reinforcement (19) comprises glass fibers embedded in a polymeric material. 20
    [0015]
    15 - An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the main reinforcing armature (17) of the body (11) comprises a radial superposition of at least two layers of reinforcements, said reinforcements being parallel to each other in a same layer and crossed between them from one layer to the next and in that each of the layers of the main reinforcing armature (17) of the body (11) comprises reinforcements 25 forming, with a circumferential direction (XX ') of the tire, an angle at least equal to 30 °, and coated with a polymeric material having a modulus of elasticity at 10% elongation at most equal to 70 MPa. 3036064 23
    [0016]
    16 - Roller assembly comprising, for each bead (B) of the tire (P), an adapter (A) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3294576A1|2018-03-21|
    RS60379B1|2020-07-31|
    US10953690B2|2021-03-23|
    US20180141374A1|2018-05-24|
    CN107580558B|2020-02-11|
    WO2016180668A1|2016-11-17|
    FR3036064B1|2017-05-12|
    CN107580558A|2018-01-12|
    EP3294576B1|2020-04-15|
    CA2984850A1|2016-11-17|
    BR112017024327A2|2018-07-24|
    JP2018521890A|2018-08-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2085375A|1980-10-10|1982-04-28|Goodyear Tire & Rubber|Wheel rim adapter|
    WO1992001576A1|1990-07-17|1992-02-06|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin - Michelin & Cie|Assembly comprising a tyre and a removable bead inlay|
    EP1034947A2|1999-03-05|2000-09-13|Bridgestone Corporation|Pneumatic tires|
    WO2000078565A1|1999-06-21|2000-12-28|Société de Technologie Michelin|Assembly comprising a tyre, a rim and an adapter|
    EP2236663A1|2007-11-27|2010-10-06|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.|Steel cord for tire and pneumatic tire employing it|
    JP3744651B2|1997-05-15|2006-02-15|株式会社ブリヂストン|Pneumatic tire|
    JP4471260B2|2003-08-21|2010-06-02|株式会社ブリヂストン|Pneumatic tires for motorcycles|
    FR2888778A1|2005-07-19|2007-01-26|Michelin Soc Tech|OPTIMIZED SUPPORT SUPPORT|
    FR2889110B1|2005-07-28|2009-10-09|Michelin Soc Tech|WHEEL AND PNEUMATIC ASSEMBLY WITH INEGAL DIAMETER SEATS WHOSE PNEUMATIC TIRES INCLUDE WIDTHS OF WIDTH HIGHER THAN RIM|
    FR2976222B1|2011-06-07|2016-07-01|Soc De Tech Michelin|PNEUMATIC BOURRELET FOR HEAVY VEHICLE TYPE GENIE CIVIL|FR3020313B1|2014-04-29|2016-05-06|Michelin & Cie|ROLLING ASSEMBLY|
    WO2020128362A1|2018-12-20|2020-06-25|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Improved adapter and rolling assembly comprising such an adapter|
    FR3090487A3|2018-12-20|2020-06-26|Michelin & Cie|IMPROVED EXTENSIONER AND ROLLING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH AN EXTENSIONER|
    法律状态:
    2016-05-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-11-18| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20161118 |
    2017-05-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-05-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2022-02-11| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20220105 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1554219A|FR3036064B1|2015-05-12|2015-05-12|ADAPTER FOR ROLLING ASSEMBLY AND ROLLING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SAME|FR1554219A| FR3036064B1|2015-05-12|2015-05-12|ADAPTER FOR ROLLING ASSEMBLY AND ROLLING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SAME|
    CN201680026948.1A| CN107580558B|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adapter for rolling assembly and rolling assembly comprising same|
    US15/573,745| US10953690B2|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adapter for a rolling assembly and rolling assembly comprising same|
    BR112017024327-0A| BR112017024327A2|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|tread adapter and tread assembly comprising|
    EP16722115.9A| EP3294576B1|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adaptor for rolling assembly and rolling assembly comprising same|
    JP2017558733A| JP2018521890A|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adapter for rotating assembly and rotating assembly including the adapter|
    CA2984850A| CA2984850A1|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adapter for a rolling assembly and rolling assembly comprising same|
    PCT/EP2016/059831| WO2016180668A1|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adaptor for rolling assembly and rolling assembly comprising same|
    RS20200674A| RS60379B1|2015-05-12|2016-05-03|Adaptor for rolling assembly and rolling assembly comprising same|
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