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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to the field of lubricating compositions for motor vehicles. The invention provides a grade lubricating composition according to the SAEJ300 classification defined by the formula (X) W (Y) wherein X is 0 or 5 and Y is an integer ranging from 4 to 20. This lubricating composition comprises at least one polyalphaolefinic oil (PAO), from 10 to 80% by weight of the composition of at least one group V oil and at least one comb polymer. The invention also relates to the use of this lubricant composition for improving the fuel Eco (FE) of a lubricant or for reducing the fuel consumption of an engine, in particular of a vehicle engine, in particular of an engine of a hybrid vehicle.
    公开号:FR3035663A1
    申请号:FR1553930
    申请日:2015-04-30
    公开日:2016-11-04
    发明作者:Laura Broutin；Nicolas Obrecht
    申请人:Total Marketing Services SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the field of lubricating compositions for motor vehicles. The invention provides a grade lubricating composition according to the SAEJ300 classification defined by the formula (X) W (Y) wherein X is 0 or 5 and Y is an integer ranging from 4 to 20. This lubricating composition comprises at least one polyalphaolefinic (PAO) oil, from 10 to 80% by weight of the composition of at least one group V oil and at least one comb polymer. The invention also relates to the use of this lubricant composition for improving the fuel Eco (FE) of a lubricant or for reducing the fuel consumption of an engine, in particular of a vehicle engine, in particular of an engine of a hybrid vehicle.
    [0002] The need for high performance lubricants is increasing. In particular, because of conditions of use whose severity increases, for example because of very high temperatures or mechanical stresses. The spacing of the oil changes and the reduction in the size of the lubrication systems also increase the need for high performance lubricants.
    [0003] Energy efficiency and in particular the improvement of the Fuel Eco (FE) of lubricants or the reduction of the fuel consumption of engines, in particular of vehicle engines, are increasingly important objectives and lead to the increasing use of high performance lubricants. High performance lubricants must therefore have improved properties, in particular as regards kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, volatility, dynamic viscosity or cold pour point. Thermal stability and oxidation resistance are also properties to be improved for high performance lubricants. Reduced toxicity and good miscibility with other lubricants or other materials are also properties to look for high performance lubricants. These needs are particularly increased when lubricating an engine of a hybrid vehicle, in particular with regard to the reduction of friction within the engine. The improvement of the conditions of use, for example at particular operating temperatures, must also be aimed at, in particular during the temperature rise of the engine. In order to improve the energy efficiency of automotive engines by reducing friction, the engine lubricants are in the form of an increasingly fluid viscosity grade. This phenomenon is all the more important as engines operate on low-temperature cycles, as is often the case with urban journeys in most major cities on the planet. And this need is even more important for hybrid engines. Beyond reducing the viscosity grade of other solutions can increase the FE gains provided by the engine lubricant. Lubricating engine compositions should also help to improve the cleanliness of the engine. They must also comply with the limits set by the automotive industry. There is therefore a need for high performance lubricants to provide a solution to all or some of the problems of the lubricants of the state of the art. Thus, the invention provides a grade lubricating composition according to the SAEJ300 classification defined by the formula (I) (X) W (Y) (I) wherein X represents 0 or 5; Y represents an integer ranging from 4 to 20; and comprising (a) at least one polyalphaolefinic (PAO) oil whose kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C according to ASTM D445 is 1.5 to 8 mm 2 s -1; (b) from 10 to 80% by weight of the composition of at least one Group V oil whose kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C according to ASTM D445 is 1.5 to 8 mm 2 s -1; (C) at least one comb polymer whose pendant chains comprise at least 50 carbon atoms and selected from copolymers of at least one polyolefin and at least one poly (alkyl) methacrylate; copolymers of at least one polyolefin and at least one poly (alkyl) acrylate. The lubricating composition according to the invention has a particularly advantageous viscosity grade. The viscosity grade of the lubricating composition according to the invention may especially be chosen from a grade according to the classification SAEJ300 defined by the formulas (II) or (III) 0 W (Y) 5 W (Y) (II) (III) In which Y represents an integer from 4 to 20, in particular from 4 to 16 or from 4 to 12; or a grade according to the classification SAEJ300 defined by the formulas (IV) or (V) (X) W 8 (X) W 12 (IV) (V) in which X represents 0 or 5. Preferably, the grade according to the SAEJ300 classification of the lubricating composition according to the invention is selected from OW4, OW8, OW12, OW16, OW20, 5W4, 5W8, 5W12, 5W16, 5W20. More preferably, the lubricant composition according to the invention has a grade according to the SAEJ300 classification of OW12. Also preferably, the kinematic viscosity measured at 40 ° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard of the lubricating composition according to the invention ranges from 12 to 30 mm 2 s -1, preferably from 14 to 25 mm 2 s -1. The composition according to the invention comprises at least one polyalphaolefinic (PAO) oil, from 10 to 80% by weight of the composition of at least one group V oil and at least one comb polymer. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises a PAO whose kinematic viscosity, measured at 100 ° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranges from 1.5 to 6 mm2.s-1 or from 2 to 8 mm2.S -1 or from 2 to 6 mm2.s-1. The weight average molecular weight of PAO can vary quite widely. Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the PAO is less than 500 Da. The weight average molecular weight of the PAO may also range from 50 to 500 Da, from 50 to 350 Da or from 50 to 300 Da. Also preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises a light PAO, in particular a PAO whose kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., measured according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranging from 3 to 4 mm 2 .s -1 , and which comprises more than 50% by weight of 9-methyl-11-octyl-henicosane, 1-decene trimer of formula (A) (A) In addition to PAO, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises a group V oil in which an amount ranging from 10 to 80% by weight of the lubricating composition. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 20 to 80%, from 20 to 60%, from 20 to 50% or from 30 to 80%, from 30 to 60%, from 30 to 50% by weight of the composition of a Group V oil. More preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 35 to 45%, for example 40%, by weight of the Group V oil composition. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises a group V oil selected from a monoester, a diester, a polyester, a solid, a polyalkylene glycol (PAG). More preferably, the group V oil is selected from a monoester or a polyalkylene glycol (PAG). As preferred monoester, there may be mentioned a monoester of formula (B1); R 1 OR 2 (B 1) in which R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 14 to 24 carbon atoms; R2 represents a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 2 to 18 carbon atoms; As a more preferred monoester, there may be mentioned a monoester of formula (B1) wherein R1 is a saturated group and R2 is an unsaturated group; or R1 is an unsaturated group and R2 is a saturated group; or R1 and R2 are saturated groups; or R1 and R2 are unsaturated groups; or a monoester of formula (B1) in which R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based group comprising from 14 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 14 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 16 to 18 carbon atoms; or R2 is a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 3 to 14 carbon atoms, preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably from 4 to 10 carbon atoms; or R 'is a linear group and R2 is a branched group; or R 1 is a branched group and R 2 is a linear group; or R 'and R2 are linear groups; or R 'and R 2 are branched groups. As particularly preferred monoester, there may be mentioned a monoester of formula (B1) in which only R1, only R2 or R 'and R2 are selected from a linear saturated group; a branched saturated group comprising from 1 to 5 branching chains; a branched saturated group whose branching chains comprise from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; a branched saturated group comprising from 1 to 5 branching chains and wherein the branching chains comprise from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Examples of preferred monoesters include stearates, preferably alkyl stearates and alkenyl stearates, more preferably C4-C10-alkyl stearates, especially butyl stearate, pentyl stearate, hexyl stearate, heptyl stearate, octyl stearate, nonyl stearate, decyl stearate; the oleates, preferably the alkyl oleates and the alkenyl oleates, more preferably the C 4 -C 10 alkyl oleates, in particular the butyl oleate, the pentyl oleate, the hexyl oleate, heptyl oleate, octyl oleate, nonyl oleate, decyl oleate. As examples of preferred monoesters, mention may also be made of alkenes monoesters and alkyl monoesters, preferably C2-C10-alkyl monoesters, in particular ethyl monoesters, propyl monoesters, butyl monoesters, pentyl monoesters and hexyl monoesters. .
    [0004] As preferred polyalkylene glycol (PAG), there may be mentioned a PAG of formula (B2) in which - R3 represents a linear or branched C1-C30-alkyl group; M and n independently represent an average number ranging from 1 to 5. Preferably for the PAG of formula (B2), R3 represents a group chosen from a C5-linear alkyl group; a branched C5-alkyl group; a linear C9-alkyl group; a branched C9-alkyl group; a linear C10-alkyl group; Branched C10alkyl; a linear C11-alkyl group; a C11-branched alkyl group; a linear C12-alkyl group; a C12-branched alkyl group; a linear C13-alkyl group; a C13-branched alkyl group; a linear C14-alkyl group; a C14-branched alkyl group; a linear C15-alkyl group; a branched C15-alkyl group. Also preferably for the PAG of formula (B2), m is greater than or equal to n; or - m represents an average number ranging from 2 to 4.5, in particular an average number ranging from 2 to 3.5; or - n represents an average number ranging from 1.5 to 4, in particular an average number ranging from 1.5 to 3.
    [0005] More preferably, for the PAG of formula (B2), m represents an average number equal to 2.5 and n represents an average number equal to 2 or m represents an average number equal to 3.5 and n represents an average number equal to 2.8. Advantageously for the lubricating composition according to the invention, the PAG of formula (B2) has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., measured according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranging from 2.5 to 4.5, or viscosity number greater than 160 or between 160 and 210; or - a pour point below -40 ° C; or - a dynamic viscosity (CCS) at -35 ° C measured in ASTM D5293 less than 1200 mPa.s. An example of a preferred PAG is a PAG of formula (B2) in which m represents a mean number equal to 2.5 and n represents an average number equal to 2 and whose kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., measured according to the standard ASTM D1-45, ranging from 2.5 to 3.5 mm2.s 1, the viscosity index is between 160 and 180; the pour point is less than 40 ° C; the dynamic viscosity (CCS) at -35 ° C, milled according to ASTM D5293 is less than 500 mPa.s.
    [0006] Another example of a preferred PAG is a PAG of formula (B2) in which m represents an average number equal to 3.5 and n represents an average number equal to 2.8 and whose kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C., measured ASTM D445 is from 3.5 to 4.5 mm2. The viscosity number is from 180 to 210; the pour point is less than -50 ° C; the dynamic viscosity (CCS) at -35 ° C, measured according to ASTM D5293 is less than 1200 mPa.s. As another polyalkylene glycol (PAG), there may be mentioned a block polymer of formula (B3) or a random polymer of formula (B3) R5 p H R6 (B3) in which R4 represents a Cl-C30-alkyl group linear or branched, preferably a linear or branched C8-C12-alkyl group; p represents a number ranging from 2 to 60, preferably from 5 to 30 or from 7 to 15; R5 and R6, which may be identical or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C2-alkyl group. As other particular polyalkylene glycol (PAG), mention may be made of a block polymer of formula (B4) or a random polymer of formula (B4) ## STR1 ## in which R4 represents a Cl group. -C30-linear or branched alkyl, preferably a linear or branched C8-C12-alkyl group; Q represents a number ranging from 2 to 60, preferably from 5 to 30 or from 7 to 15; - R 7 and R 8 represent a hydrogen atom; or R7 represents a hydrogen atom and R8 represents a methyl group; or R7 represents a methyl group and R8 represents a hydrogen atom; or R7 and R8 represent a methyl group; or R7 represents an ethyl group and R8 represents a hydrogen atom; or R7 represents a hydrogen atom and R8 represents an ethyl group; a block polymer of formula (B5) or a random polymer of formula (B5) ## STR1 ## in which - R4 represents a grouping Linear or branched C1-C30-alkyl, preferably a linear or branched C8-C12-alkyl group; R and t independently represent a number ranging from 1 to 30, preferably from 2 to 15 or from 2 to 8; - R9 and R1 ° represent a hydrogen atom; or R9 represents a hydrogen atom and R1 ° represents a methyl group; or R9 represents a methyl group and R1 ° represents a hydrogen atom; or R9 and R1 ° 20 represent a methyl group; or R9 represents an ethyl group and Rlo represents a hydrogen atom; or R9 represents a hydrogen atom and R1 ° represents an ethyl group; R and .-. 1-t12-11 represent a hydrogen atom; or R11 represents a hydrogen atom and R12 represents a methyl group; or R 11 represents a methyl group and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom; or R11 and R12 represent a methyl group; or R11 represents an ethyl group and R12 represents a hydrogen atom; or R11 represents a hydrogen atom and R12 represents an ethyl group.
    [0007] Other particular polyalkylene glycol (PAG) include a block polymer of formula (B6) or a random polymer of formula (B6) wherein R13 represents a linear or branched C8-C12-alkyl group; V is a number from 2 to 6; w represents a number ranging from 2 to 5. In addition to a PAO and a group V oil, the lubricant composition according to the invention comprises a comb polymer.
    [0008] Preferably, the comb polymer comprises pendant chains obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins. More preferably, the comb polymer comprises pendant chains obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins comprising from 8 to 17 carbon atoms, in particular olefins chosen from styrenes, substituted styrenes and butadiene added to 1,4, butadiene added to 1,2, the compounds of formula (C1) Q2 Q1 / (C1) in which Q1 and Q2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C18-alkyl group. More preferably, the comb polymer is prepared by copolymerization of an olefinic monomer of formula (C2) / L1 ', 1 Q4 Q3, k L2 0 (C2) wherein Q3 is a grouping 02-08. linear or branched alkyl; a 03-08-cycloalkyl group; a group 06-010-aryl; Q4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; L1 represents a 1,4-butadiene addition residue; a 1,4-butadiene addition residue substituted with at least one C1-C6-alkyl group; a vinyl addition residue of styrene; a vinyl addition residue of styrene substituted with at least one C1-C6-alkyl group; L2 represents a vinyl addition residue of butadiene; a vinyl addition residue of butadiene substituted with a C1-C6-alkyl group; a vinyl addition residue of styrene; a vinyl addition residue of styrene substituted with at least one C1-C6-alkyl group; o k and j independently represent 0 or an integer from 1 to 3000 and the sum (k + j) is an integer from 7 to 3000, preferably from 10 to 3000; and an alkyl acrylic ester or alkyl methacrylic ester monomer of formula (C 3) Q 5 O () 6 O (C 3) 15 in which Q 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Q6 is 01-026-linear or branched alkyl. More preferably, Q3 represents a phenyl group or a linear or branched butyl group, in particular an n-butyl group.
    [0009] Particularly preferably, the comb polymer is prepared by copolymerization of an olefinic monomer of the formula (C4) 0 Q8 (C4) wherein Q7 is a group of 1 -06-alkyl; a C6-aryl group; Q 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Q9, Q10 and -u11 O independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group 01-018-alkyl; Ox, y and z are independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 3000 and the sum (x + y + z) is an integer from 7 to 3000, preferably from 10 to 3 000; and an alkyl-acrylic ester or alkyl-methacrylic ester monomer of formula (C3) Q5 .0c) 6 (C3) in which Q5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Q6 is 01-026-linear or branched alkyl.
    [0010] More preferably, Q7 represents a phenyl group or a linear or branched butyl group, in particular an n-butyl group. More preferably, the comb polymer is prepared by copolymerization of an olefinic monomer of the formula (C5) ## STR2 ## wherein represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; o x and y are independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 3000 and the sum (x + y + z) is an integer from 7 to 3000, preferably from 10 to 3000; and an alkyl-acrylic ester or alkyl-methacrylic ester monomer of formula (C3) Q5 O () 6 O (C3) 25 in which Q5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Q6 is 01-026-linear or branched alkyl.
    [0011] An example of a comb polymer is the product Viscoplex 3-200 (Evonik company). Within the lubricating composition according to the invention, the respective amounts (a) of PAO, (b) Group V oil and (c) comb polymer may vary. Preferably, the weight ratio (a / b) between the polyalphaolefinic (PAO) oil (a) and the group V (b) oil is 0.1 to 4, preferably 0.3 at 3.6. The lubricating composition according to the invention has a particularly high VI. Preferably, the VI of the lubricating composition according to the invention is greater than 220.
    [0012] More preferably, the VI of the lubricating composition according to the invention is greater than 250, or even greater than 270 or 300. In general, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise other base oils, mineral synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable, adapted to its use. The base oils used in the lubricant compositions according to the invention may be oils of mineral or synthetic origins belonging to groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) (Table A) or their mixtures. Content Content in Saturated Index Sulfur Viscosity (VI) Group I Mineral Oils <90%> 0.03% 80 VI <120 Group II> 90% 0.03% 80 VI <120 Hydrocracked Oils Group III 90% 0.03 % 120 Hydrocracked or hydro-isomerized oils Group IV Polyalphaolefines (PAO) Group V Esters and other bases not included in Groups I to IV Table A The mineral base oils according to the invention include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric distillation and vacuum of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, deasphalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization and hydrofinishing. Mixtures of synthetic and mineral oils can also be used. There is generally no limitation on the use of different lubricating bases for making the lubricating compositions according to the invention, except that they must have properties, in particular viscosity, viscosity index, sulfur, oxidation resistance, adapted for use for engines or for vehicle transmissions. The base oils of the lubricating compositions according to the invention can also be chosen from synthetic oils, such as certain carboxylic acid esters and alcohols, and from polyalphaolefins. The polyalphaolefins used as base oils are, for example, obtained from monomers comprising from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, for example from octene or decene, and whose viscosity at 100 ° C. is between 1.5 and 15 mm2.s-1 according to ASTM D445. Their average molecular weight is generally between 250 and 3000 according to ASTM D5296. The lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least 50% by weight of base oils relative to the total mass of the composition. More advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least 60% by weight, or even at least 70% by weight, of base oils relative to the total mass of the composition. More particularly advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 75 to 99.9% by weight of base oils relative to the total mass of the composition.
    [0013] The invention also provides a lubricant composition for a vehicle engine comprising at least one lubricant composition according to the invention, at least one base oil and at least one additive. Many additives can be used for this lubricant composition according to the invention.
    [0014] The preferred additives for the lubricant composition according to the invention are selected from detergent additives, antiwear additives, friction modifying additives, extreme pressure additives, dispersants, pour point improvers, foam, thickeners and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one antiwear additive, at least one extreme pressure additive or their mixtures.
    [0015] Anti-wear additives and extreme pressure additives protect the friction surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces. There is a wide variety of anti-wear additives. In a preferred manner for the lubricant composition according to the invention, the anti-wear additives are chosen from phosphosulfur additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTPs. The preferred compounds have the formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR) (OR)) 2, in which R and R 1, which may be identical or different, independently represent an alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms. carbon.
    [0016] Amine phosphates are also anti-wear additives which may be employed in the lubricating composition of the invention. However, the phosphorus provided by these additives can act as a poison of the catalytic systems of automobiles because these additives are ash generators. These effects can be minimized by partially substituting the amine phosphates with non-phosphorus additives, such as, for example, polysulfides, especially sulfur-containing olefins. Advantageously, the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 6% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 4% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight relative to the mass. total lubricating composition, anti-wear additives and extreme pressure additives.
    [0017] Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least one friction-modifying additive. The friction modifying additive may be chosen from a compound providing metal elements and an ash-free compound. Among the compounds providing metal elements, mention may be made of transition metal complexes such as Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu and Zn, the ligands of which may be hydrocarbon compounds comprising oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus. The ashless friction modifier additives are generally of organic origin and may be selected from monoesters of fatty acids and polyols, alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty epoxides, borate fatty epoxides; fatty amines or glycerol esters of fatty acid. According to the invention, the fatty compounds comprise at least one hydrocarbon group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms. Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 2% by weight or from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 1.5% by weight or 0.1 at 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition, friction modifying additive.
    [0018] Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least one antioxidant additive. The antioxidant additive generally serves to retard the degradation of the lubricating composition in use. This degradation can notably result in the formation of deposits, the presence of sludge or an increase in the viscosity of the lubricant composition. Antioxidant additives act in particular as radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides. Among the antioxidant additives commonly used, mention may be made of antioxidant additives of phenolic type, antioxidant additives of amine type, antioxidant phosphosulfur additives. Some of these antioxidant additives, for example phosphosulfur antioxidant additives, can be ash generators. Phenolic antioxidant additives may be ash-free or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts. The antioxidant additives may in particular be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted by at least one C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and N, N'-dialkyl-aryl diamines and mixtures thereof Preferably, according to the invention, the sterically hindered phenols are chosen from compounds comprising a phenol group in which at least one vicinal carbon of the carbon carrying the alcohol function is substituted by at least one C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, preferably a group C1-C6 alkyl, preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably by the ter-butyl group. Amino compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that can be used, optionally in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives. Examples of amine compounds are aromatic amines, for example aromatic amines of formula NRaRbRc in which Ra represents an optionally substituted aliphatic or aromatic group, Rb represents an optionally substituted aromatic group, Rc represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of the formula RdS (O) ZRe wherein Rd represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, Re represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents 0, 1 or 2. Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts may also be used as antioxidant additives.
    [0019] Another class of antioxidant additives is that of copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, copper and carboxylic acid salts, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. . Copper salts I and II, succinic acid or anhydride salts can also be used. The lubricant composition according to the invention may contain all types of antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, the lubricating composition comprises at least one ash-free antioxidant additive.
    [0020] Also advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of at least one antioxidant additive. The lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one detergent additive. The detergent additives generally make it possible to reduce the formation of deposits on the surface of the metal parts by dissolving the secondary oxidation and combustion products. The detergent additives useful in the lubricating composition according to the invention are generally known to those skilled in the art. The detergent additives may be anionic compounds comprising a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head. The associated cation may be a metal cation of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The detergent additives are preferably chosen from the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, the sulphonates, the salicylates, the naphthenates and the phenate salts. The alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium. These metal salts generally comprise the metal in stoichiometric quantity or in excess, therefore in an amount greater than the stoichiometric amount. These are then overbased detergent additives; the excess metal bringing the overbased character to the detergent additive is then generally in the form of an oil insoluble metal salt, for example a carbonate, a hydroxide, an oxalate, an acetate, a glutamate, preferably a carbonate .
    [0021] Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 8% or from 2 to 4% by weight of detergent additive relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition.
    [0022] Also advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one pour point depressant additive. By slowing the formation of paraffin crystals, pour point depressant additives generally improve the cold behavior of the lubricant composition according to the invention.
    [0023] Examples of pour point depressant additives include alkyl polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes, alkylated polystyrenes. Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one dispersing agent. The dispersing agent may be chosen from Mannich bases, succinimides and their derivatives. Also advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersing agent relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition. Advantageously, the lubricating composition may also comprise at least one additional polymer improving the viscosity index. As examples of additional viscosity index improving polymers, there may be mentioned polymeric esters, homopolymers or copolymers, hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, styrene, butadiene and isoprene, polymethacrylates (PMA). Also advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 1 to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the viscosity index improving lubricant composition.
    [0024] In addition to a lubricating composition, the invention also relates to the use of this lubricating composition. In particular, the invention relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for the lubrication of a vehicle engine, in particular for the lubrication of an engine of a hybrid vehicle.
    [0025] Preferably, the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention makes it possible to improve the lubrication of a vehicle engine. In a particularly preferred manner, the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention makes it possible to improve the lubrication of a vehicle engine during an urban cycle defined according to the European NEDC cycle or during a defined urban cycle. according to the European WLTP cycle or during a cold cycle defined according to the European ECE cycle. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for improving the Fuel Eco (FE) of a lubricant. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention to reduce the fuel consumption of an engine, in particular a vehicle engine, in particular an engine of a hybrid vehicle. According to the invention, the particular, advantageous or preferred characteristics of the lubricating composition according to the invention make it possible to define uses according to the invention which are also particular, advantageous or preferred. The various aspects of the invention can be illustrated by the following examples. EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Lubricating Compositions According to the Invention The various components of the lubricating compositions according to the invention are mixed according to the nature and the quantities of products presented in Table 1. Lubricating compositions according to the invention (`) / 0 by weight) CL1 CL2 CL3 CL4 PAO - (Durasyn 164 Ineos) 64.2 44.2 24.2 44.2 Group V - Monoester oil (Priolube 1414 20 40 60 0 Croda) Group V - PAG oil of formula (B2 ) with R3 = C12H25, m = 2.45 and n = 1.97 0 0 0 40 Comb polymer - polymethacrylate in 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 comb (Viscoplex 3-200 Evonik) Package of Ca-sulfonate additives, alkylated diphenylamine anti-8.6,6,6,6,6,8,6-type oxidizing agents and hindered phenols, secondary ZnDTP, bisuccinimide dispersant 3035663 19 MoDTC anti-friction agent (Sakuralube 525 Adeka) 1 The characteristics of these lubricant compositions according to the invention are presented in Table 2. Composition lubricant CL1 CL2 CL3 CL4 Grade SAEJ300 OW12 OW12 OW12 OW16 KV 130 calculated (mm2.s-1) 4.62 4.32 4.63 4.79 KV100 - ISO 3104 (mm2.s-1) 6.950 6, 43 6.995 7.191 KV40 - 1S03104 (mm2.s-1) 23.31 20.92 23.79 24.45 VI - 1S02909 284 296 283 287 HTHS at 150 ° C - CEC L-036 (mPa. $) 2.24 2.17 2.15 283 CCS at -35 ° C - ASTM D5293 (mPa. $) / 839/1 415 Table 2 Example 2: Preparation of comparative lubricating compositions The various components of the comparative lubricating compositions are mixed according to the nature and the amounts of products shown in Table 3. Comparative composition (% by weight) CC1 CC2 PAO - (Durasyn 164 Ineos) 44.2 84.2 Group V - Monoester oil (Priolube 1414 Croda) 40 0 Polymer - Polymethacrylate linear (Viscoplex 6- 054 Evonik) 6.2 0 Comb Polymethacrylate (Viscoplex 3-200 Evonik) 0 6.2 Package of additives - Ca sulfonates, alkylated diphenylamine and phenol anti-8.6,6,6 oxidants congested Secondary ZnDTP, bisuccinimide dispersant MoDTC anti-friction agent (Sakuralube 525 Adeka) 1.0 1.0 Table 3 The first comparative lubricating composition (CC1) does not include comb polymethacrylate but linear polymethacrylate. The second comparative lubricating composition (CC2) does not include Group V oil but only group IV oil. The characteristics of these comparative lubricating compositions are shown in Table 4. Comparative Lubricating Composition CC1 CC2 Grade SAEJ300 OW12 OW16 KV 130 Calculated (mm2.s-1) 3.84 4.03 KV100 - ISO 3104 (mm2.s-1) ) 5.970 6.358 KV40 - IS03104 (mm2.s-1) 23.08 26.19 VI - IS02909 225 210 HTHS at 150 ° C - CEC L-036 (mPa. $) 2.14 2.30 CCS at -35 ° C - ASTM D5293 (mPa. $) 968 2 268 Table 4 Example 3: Evaluation of the Fuel Economy Performance of the Lubricating Compositions According to the Invention (CL2 and CL4) and of the Comparative Lubricating Composition (CC1) Over Several Months tests according to the conditions described in the examples of WO 2012-025901, the fuel consumption during lubrication using the lubricant composition according to the invention is compared with the fuel consumption when using a lubricating composition of reference (base oil and additive package similar to the additive package of the according to the invention - grade SAEJ300 5W30). The fuel consumption gains are evaluated by taking as a reference the fuel consumption resulting from the use of this reference lubricating composition. The results obtained are shown in Table 5. Gain obtained by lubricating composition (%) CL2 CL4 CC1 Complete NEDC cycle 4.89 4.01 4.73 NEDC cycle ECE phase cold 12.84 10.34 11.11 NEDC phase mixed urban cycle cycle 7.48 5.58 6.03 Table 5 3035663 21 It is found that the lubricant compositions CL2 and CL4 according to the invention allow very significant fuel consumption gains. Thus, the lubricant composition according to the invention CL2 allows gains greater than those obtained with the comparative lubricating composition CC1 which does not include comb polymethacrylate. Moreover, the lubricating composition according to the invention CL4 comprising a Group V oil of the PAG type also allows significant gains. It is more particularly noted that these lubricant compositions according to the invention allow very significant savings in fuel economy on engine cycle at low temperature and low engine speed, which demonstrates the advantage of these lubricant compositions according to the invention for achieve even greater fuel savings in urban conditions. Example 4: Evaluation of the tensile coefficient performance of the lubricant compositions according to the invention (CL1, CL2 and CL3) and of a comparative lubricating composition (CC2) The tensile coefficient of the lubricating compositions is evaluated and the results obtained are presented. in table 6. Lubricating composition CL1 CL2 CL3 CC2 tensile coefficient (MTM: T = 40 ° C, Ve = 0.019 0.018 0.016 0.023 1 m: 1, SRR = 20% load = 25 N) Table 6 Lubricating compositions according to US Pat. The invention thus has very good tensile coefficients. These results confirm that the lubricant compositions according to the invention make it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction, and therefore to improve the fuel economy gain compared with a comparative lubricating composition comprising a PAO and a comb polymer according to the invention. but not including group V oil according to the invention, and this with different group V oil contents.
    [0026] EXAMPLE 5 Evaluation of the Engine Clean Performance of the Lubricating Compositions According to the Invention (CL1, CL2, CL3 and CL4) and of a Comparative Lubricating Composition (CC2) The engine cleanliness properties are evaluated by the TEOST MHT test according to the ASTM D7097 and the results obtained are shown in Table 7 and expressed in milligrams. The maximum acceptable value, in particular for most car manufacturers, is 35 mg according to the ILSAC classification for an OWxx grade oil. Lubricant composition CL1 CL2 CL3 CL4 CC2 rod deposit Teost MHT - 12.2 11.9 22.7 10.7 7.6 ASTM D7097 (mg) Table 7 The lubricating compositions according to the invention thus make it possible to maintain a good cleanliness. engine, or even improve the engine cleanliness and comply with the limits set by the automotive industry. It should be noted that these good results in engine cleanliness are obtained with different contents of Group V oil according to the invention. 10
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A grade lubricating composition according to the SAEJ300 classification defined by the formula (I) (X) W (Y) (I) wherein X is 0 or 5; Y represents an integer ranging from 4 to 20; and comprising (a) at least one polyalphaolefinic (PAO) oil whose kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C according to ASTM D445 is 1.5 to 8 mm 2 s -1; (b) from 10 to 80% by weight of the composition of at least one Group V oil whose kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C according to ASTM D445 is 1.5 to 8 mm 2 s -1; (c) at least one comb polymer whose pendant chains comprise at least 50 carbon atoms and selected from copolymers of at least one polyolefin and at least one poly (alkyl) methacrylate; copolymers of at least one polyolefin and at least one poly (alkyl) acrylate. 20
    [0002]
    2. Lubricating composition according to claim 1 of grade according to classification SAEJ300 selected from OW4, OW8, OW12, OW16, OW20, 5W4, 5W8, 5W12, 5W16, 5W20; or whose kinematic viscosity measured at 40 ° C according to ASTM D445 is from 12 to 30 mm 2. s-1, preferably from 14 to 25 mm2.s-1.
    [0003]
    3. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 or 2 ^ for which the kinematic viscosity of PAO, measured at 100 ° C according to ASTM D445, is 1.5 to 6 mm2.S-1 or 2 to 8 mm2.s-1 or from 2 to 30 6 mm2s-; or for which the weight average molecular weight of the PAO is less than 500 Da or is from 50 to 500 Da or is from 50 to 350 Da or 50 to 300 Da.
    [0004]
    4. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 3 comprising 20 to 80%, 30 to 60% or 35 to 45% by weight of the Group V oil composition.
    [0005]
    5. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the group V oil is selected from a monoester, a polyalkylene glycol (PAG). 5
    [0006]
    6. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the group V oil is selected from - a monoester of formula (B1); R1 OR2 (B1) wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising from 14 to 24 carbon atoms; R2 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based group comprising from 2 to 18 carbon atoms; a polyalkylene glycol (PAG) of formula (B2) R3C) wherein R3 represents a linear or branched C1-C30-alkyl group; o m and n independently represent an average number ranging from 1 to 5.
    [0007]
    7. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the comb polymer whose pendant chains are obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins, preferably olefins comprising from 8 to 17 carbon atoms and selected from styrenes, substituted styrenes, butadiene added to 1,4, butadiene added to 1,2, compounds of formula (C1) Q2 Q '/ (C1) 3035663 in which Q' and Q2 independently represent a hydrogen atom; hydrogen or a C1-C18-alkyl group.
    [0008]
    8. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the comb polymer is prepared by copolymerization ^ of an olefinic monomer of formula (C2) Q4 Q3 k L2 C) O (C2) wherein 10 o Q3 represents a C2-05-linear or branched alkyl group; a C3-C5-cycloalkyl group; a C6-C10-aryl group; Q4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; L1 represents a 1,4-butadiene addition residue; a 1,4-butadiene addition residue substituted with at least one C1-C6-alkyl group; a vinyl addition residue of styrene; a vinyl addition residue of styrene substituted with at least one C1-C6-alkyl group; L2 represents a vinyl addition residue of butadiene; a vinyl addition residue of butadiene substituted with a C1-C6-alkyl group; a vinyl addition residue of styrene; a vinyl addition residue of styrene substituted with at least one C1-C6 alkyl group; o k and j are independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 3000 and the sum (k + j) is an integer from 7 to 3000, preferably from 10 to 3000; and an alkyl-acrylic ester or alkyl-methacrylic ester monomer of the formula (C3) Q5 O () 6 O (C3) wherein Q5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; where Q6 represents linear or branched C1-C26-alkyl. 3035663 26
    [0009]
    9. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the comb polymer is prepared by copolymerization - an olefinic monomer of formula (C4) 5 (C4) wherein Q7 represents a C1-C6-alkyl group ; a C6-aryl group; Q 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Q9, Q10 and - u11 O independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C18-alkyl group; o x, y and z are independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 3000 and the sum (x + y + z) is an integer from 7 to 3000, preferably from 10 to 3000; and an alkyl-acrylic ester or alkyl-methacrylic ester monomer of the formula (C3) ## STR5 ## wherein Q5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; where Q6 represents linear or branched C1-C26-alkyl. 20
    [0010]
    10. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, the weight ratio (a / b) between the polyalphaolefinic oil (PAO) (a) and the oil of group V (b) ranges from 0.1 to 4, preferably from 0.3 to 3.6. 25
    [0011]
    11. Lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 10, the VI is greater than 220, preferably greater than 250, or greater than 270 or 300.
    [0012]
    Use of a lubricating composition according to one of claims 1 to 11 for lubricating a vehicle engine or for improving the lubrication of a vehicle engine. 27 ^ in an urban cycle defined according to the European NEDC cycle; or ^ in an urban cycle defined by the European WLTP cycle; or ^ in a cold cycle defined according to the European ECE cycle. 5
    [0013]
    13. Use according to claim 12 for lubricating an engine of a hybrid vehicle.
    [0014]
    14. Use of a lubricant composition according to one of claims 1 to 13 for improving the Fuel Eco (FE) of a lubricant or for reducing the fuel consumption of an engine, in particular a vehicle engine. , in particular an engine of a hybrid vehicle.
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    AR104459A1|2017-07-19|
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    优先权:
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    FR1553930A|FR3035663B1|2015-04-30|2015-04-30|ULTRA-FLUID LUBRICANT COMPOSITION|FR1553930A| FR3035663B1|2015-04-30|2015-04-30|ULTRA-FLUID LUBRICANT COMPOSITION|
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    ARP160101233A| AR104459A1|2015-04-30|2016-04-29|ULTRAFLUID LUBRICANT COMPOSITION|
    US15/570,147| US10731102B2|2015-04-30|2016-04-29|Ultra-fluid lubricating composition|
    MA041976A| MA41976A|2015-04-30|2016-04-29|ULTRA-FLUID LUBRICATING COMPOSITION|
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