• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A three-phase electrical network comprises a common switch, with disconnectors (5) on each of the conductors (2, 3 and 4), and an interrupting chamber (7), generally comprising a vacuum interrupter on two of the conductors (2, 3 ); the third conductor (4) is devoid of such a cut-off device in favor of a simple conductive pallet which makes it possible to delay the disconnection until the arcs in the conductors (2, 3) are extinguished and the current in the conductor (4) is reduced to the capacitive current, leaving a low intensity arc, which can be extinguished without any particular device. The switch is simplified by omitting an expensive vacuum bulb.
    公开号:FR3034251A1
    申请号:FR1552624
    申请日:2015-03-27
    公开日:2016-09-30
    发明作者:Christophe Preve
    申请人:Schneider Electric Industries SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The subject of the invention is a switch of a three-phase network.
    [0002] The switches referred to here are designed for high and medium voltage, typically from 1 kV to 52 kV, and are normally equipped, in addition to a disconnecting function ensuring the physical disconnection of the conductors, breaking chambers allowing extinguish the electric arcs, thus achieving the switch function.
    [0003] Cutoff chambers frequently include vacuum bulbs. Among the many existing devices, mention will be made of documents EP 2 182 536 A, EP 2 479 769 A, WO2014 / 001029A, WO2013 / 110511A which offer savings perspectives on the cost of the switch, by placing the light bulb not on the driver itself, but on a bypass, usually without current flowing, so that the vacuum bulb is not requested in normal service. When, however, a disconnection is decided, the disconnector intercepts, during its disconnection stroke, a free end of the branch and moves it. The electric current passes gradually in the bypass, no arc remains in the main circuit when the disconnector separates from him, and the continuation of the disconnection movement and the displacement of the mobile part of the bypass then opens the vacuum interrupter and therefore imposes an interruption of the current and an extinction of the arc. In the following movement of the disconnector, the free part of the bypass can be released to allow the reclosing of the vacuum bulb, but without passage of electric current, since the conductor remains open. The documents disclose devices where the disconnector is a rotating knife, and the second also discloses devices where the disconnector is a knife movable in translation. These devices are effective, but we can regret that vacuum bulbs are expensive devices, as the first document cited above underlines. The object of the invention is to obtain more economical switches in the case of a three-phase network with undistributed neutral, by exploiting one of their properties, according to which, when the disconnection of two phases is accomplished, only a capacitive current of low intensity flows in the third phase. To summarize, the invention relates to a switch of a three-phase network, the switch comprising, for two phases of the network, a conductor equipped with a disconnector and a breaking chamber for extinguishing currents d arc through the conductors of these two phases after a disconnection operated by said disconnectors, and, for a third phase of the network, a conductor equipped with a disconnector and a breaking device, characterized in that said device, designed 10 for cutting capacitive current arcs, comprises an electrically conductive pallet whose disconnector separates, during disconnection, only to a state of the switch where the breaking chambers have cut the arc currents for the others phases. Indeed, a vacuum bulb is not necessary to extinguish the arc generated by the capacitive current when the other phases have already interrupted the current. It can therefore be omitted for the third phase, which simplifies the switch and makes it much less expensive. In a particular embodiment, the conductive pallet is a conductive continuous shunt of electricity of a conductor of the third phase between a fixed end connected to a length of said conductor, whose isolator of the third phase separates during the disconnections, and a free end that said disconnector of the third phase reaches during disconnections and from which it separates after being separated from said length of said conductor; and the conductive pallet may comprise either a wire or a bar connected to the fixed end, and a fixed switch tab extending to said free end.
    [0004] The invention will now be described in more detail in its various aspects, features and advantages by means of the following figures: FIG. 1 is a general view of a three-phase network on which the invention is implanted; Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 illustrate a known breaking chamber during the opening of the switch; Figures 6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment of the device of the phase on which the invention is implanted; Figures 8 and 9 illustrate another embodiment of the device of the phase on which the invention is implanted; And FIG. 10 another variant of the device of the phase on which the invention is implanted. FIG. 1 schematically represents a three-phase undistributed neutral network provided with a switch 1 according to the invention. Each of the conductors 2, 3 and 4 of the network may be interrupted by a respective disconnector 5 ", 5 'or 5 consisting of a moving knife adapted to separate from one of the lengths 2a, 3a or 4a of the conductor 2, 3 and 4 The three disconnectors 5 ", 5 ', 5 are moved by a common control device 6 which synchronizes their movements. The conductors 2 and 3 further comprise a breaking chamber 7 associated with their 5 'or 5 "disconnector and which makes it possible to extinguish the electric arcs remaining after the disconnection However, in the present invention, the third conductor 4 One alternative, not shown in the figures, would be that each disconnector 5 ", 5 ', 5 could be moved by a proper control device for each phase, these three control devices then being synchronized by means The following figures 2 to 5 are illustrated to illustrate an embodiment of the switch for the conductors 2 and 3 of two of the phases of the network. These figures show some of those of the second document cited and do not describe the original parts of the invention. The connected state of the conductors 2 and 3 is shown in Fig. 2. The cutter knife 5 'or 5 "is rotatable and the cutoff chamber 7 comprises a vacuum interrupter 8 installed on a branch of the length 2a. or 3a of the conductor 2 or 3, this bypass passing through the fixed contact 9 of the vacuum interrupter 8, a rod 10 passing through the envelope of the vacuum interrupter 8 and carrying the movable contact of the vacuum interrupter 8 , and a rocker arm 11 articulated to the rod 10 and ending on a free end 12 of the shunt In the connected state, the 5 'or 5 "disconnector has its end articulated by a pivot 13 to the length 2b or 3b by establishing a mechanical and electrical connection, and it is in frictional contact with the complementary length 2a or 3a of said conductor 2 or 3. The free end 12 comprises a conductive layer 14 with a face directed towards the 5 'or 5 in the state shown in FIG. 2, and a insulating layer 15 at an opposite face. Finally, a spring 16 recalls the rocker 11 to a closed state of the vacuum bulb 8. In successive steps of opening the switch 1, the switch 5 'or 5 "is moved to the left of FIGS. to 5, and comes touching the conductive layer 14 while remaining connected at first to the length 2a 10 or 3a (Figure 3). Once the contact with the conductive layer 14 established, the disconnector 5 'or 5 "leaves the length 2a or 3a; then it tilts the beam 11, pulling the rod 10 and opening the vacuum bulb 8 (Figure 4); finally, the disconnector 5 'or 5 "exceeds the free end 12, leaving the rocker 11 back in place under the action of the spring 16 (Figure 5) The step of Figure 2 corresponds to the normal operation of the network, the switch 1 15 being closed and the conductors 2 and 3 being uninterrupted, Figure 3 the gradual transition of the current by the bypass, Figure 4 at the power cut and the extinction of the arc in the bulb to 8, and FIG. 5 in the fully open state of the switch 1 and disconnection of the conductor 2 or 3. When a reconnection is made, the disconnector 5 'or 5 "returning to the position of FIG. 2 rocking the rocker 11 in the other direction by sliding on the insulating layer 15, which prevents early reconnection of the bypass through the vacuum bulb 8. On the contrary, the reconnection occurs only when the disconnector 5 'or 5 "returns to touch the length 2a or 3a, the vacuum bulb 8 remains at rest as q that there is not another opening movement.
    [0005] An embodiment of the interrupting device for the third phase is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. As it is often advantageous, if not necessary, for the disconnectors 5, 5 'and 5 "to be identical in order to ensure their synchronized control. , the device may have similarities in size and composition with those of the other two phases, although it is simplified since there is no vacuum interrupter If the interruption device of FIGS. 5 is used, the third conductor 4 may for example comprise lengths 4a and 4b of the same arrangement as those of the other conductors 2 and 3. The interrupting chamber 7 is replaced by a conductive pallet 17 unitary and fixed. in this embodiment, the conductive pallet 17 is a bypass of the conductor 4 whose shape and extension are similar to those of the branches of the breaking chambers 7. This derivation is however here a static conductor which comprises a bar 18 at the location of the vacuum bulb 8 of the other phases, and a switching tab 19 at the location of the rocker 11. The rod 18, as well as the switching tab 19, can be copper or aluminum. The bar 18 connects the switch tab to the length 4a. A free end 20 of the switch tab 19 arrives at the disconnector 5. The bar 18 and the switch tab 19 are rigid. During its disconnection movement, the disconnector 5 reaches the free end 20, rubs on it and moves as previously the current progressively from the main portion of the conductor 4 to the branch formed by the conductive paddle 17, separates from the portion 15 main, and then separates from the conductive pallet 17 in the state of Figure 7, corresponding to that of Figure 5, when the disconnector 5 has left the free end 20 of the switch tab 19. At this time, the current passing through the conductor 4 is completely cut. The explanation is as follows. During a disconnection movement, the common control device 6 drives the three disconnectors 5, 5 'and 5 "which come into contact with the conductive end of their respective bypass (the vacuum interrupter 8 and the pendulum 11, or the conductive pallet 17), then the disconnectors of the first two phases (5 'and 5 ") opening their vacuum interrupter 8, as explained above. Of course, during the opening of the vacuum interrupters, the three disconnectors 5, 5 'and 5 "are always connected to their respective bypass.Once the vacuum bulbs 8 of the two first open phases, the disconnectors 5, 5' and 5 "of the three phases are disengaged from their respective bypass so as to fully open the switch 1. The arrangement of the conducting paddle 17 of the third phase bypass must be designed to allow the separation between the conductive paddle 17 and The disconnector 5 only occurs at a state of the switch 1 where the breaking chambers 7 of the other two phases cut the arc currents occurring in the vacuum bulbs 8, i.e. opening of these vacuum bulbs 8 and the passage through a zero current to extinguish the arc. Indeed, when the arcs in the breaking chambers 7 of the two phases are extinguished, the current that can remain in the third conductor 4 is then a capacitive current of low intensity, of the order of 1 A / km for cables and 20 mA / km for overhead lines. The cables considered may be a few kilometers in length, and the airlines a few tens of kilometers, the capacitive current will be of the order of a few amperes. However, the separation between the disconnector 5 and the length 4a of the conductor 4 would occur, in the absence of any cut-off device, while the current is still at its nominal intensity, for example 630 A, which would give a high energy arc that would make it impossible to perform the cut. That is why the third conductor 4 comprises the conductive pallet 17 to extend the connection time until, the current being cut in the other conductors 2 and 3 by the opening of the vacuum bulbs 8, 15 the intensity current has decreased in the third conductor 4, tending towards the capacitive current value: the disconnector 5 can then separate from the conductive pallet 17, since the arc produced is of low power and extinguishes itself. The invention is applicable with many variations. It is first possible that the conductors 2 and 3 are provided with switching chambers of a kind different from that shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. The gas in which the switch 1 is immersed may be of any kind. The conductive pallet employed for the third conductor 4 may also be of any kind, provided that it allows the connection to be extended for a sufficient time to assist in the weakening of the residual current in the conductor 4, after the extinction of the arcs of other conductors 2 and 3; as mentioned, a disconnection device resembling the breaking chambers 7 may be preferred, replacing the vacuum interrupter 8 (and its control means) by a simple conductor, such as the bar 18 or a wire, which can be copper, aluminum, or other. The invention can also be implemented with disconnecting cutters 5, 5 'and 5 "in the form of blades that are movable in translation rather than rotatable, a rather different embodiment of the previous one, although of the same operation, 8 and 9, which respectively correspond to FIGS 6 and 7 of the preceding embodiment, the conductive pallet 17 of the third phase, composed of a bypass of the third conductor 4, is here replaced by a conductive pallet. 22 in the form of a tab elongate laterally from the end of the length 4a, obliquely or in an arc, in the direction of the movement of the disconnector 5 to open the switch.The electric current passes through the entire length 4a, and also passes in the conductive pallet 22 at the beginning of the opening of the switch, since the end of the disconnector 5 rubs on it.This simple embodiment has the advantage of n e not require derivation for the third phase. The full open state of the switch, with the residual currents extinguished, is obtained when the arc currents of the first and second phases have been extinguished and the disconnector 5 has detached from the pallet Another variant of the third phase is also shown in FIG. 10. Its operation is similar to that of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, but this variant has the advantage of having a structure close to the structures of the two. other phases shown in Figures 2 to 5. Indeed in this varaiante, the conductive pallet of the third phase comprises a bypass having a rocker 11a articulated to a rod 10a and ending on a free end 12 of the bypass. Unlike Figures 2 to 5, the rod 10a is of course not connected to a vacuum bulb but fixed and directly connected to the conductor 4a. The free end 12 comprises a conductive layer 14 on one side facing the disconnector 5 and an insulating layer 15 on an opposite side. During an opening movement, the disconnector 5 comes to touch the conductive layer 14 while remaining connected at first to the length 4a. Once contact with the conductive layer 14 has been established, the disconnector 5 leaves the length 4a. Then, the disconnector 5 tilts the balance 11a 3034251 8 and finally exceeds the free end 12, leaving the balance 11a back into place under the action of a spring. This movement of the disconnector 5 is synchronized with the movements of the disconnectors 5 'and 5 "of the other two phases, so that when the disconnector 5 leaves the free end 12 of the branch, the vacuum bulbs 8 of the other 5 phases will already be open and the corresponding arcs are extinguished In the alternative embodiment in which each of the three disconnectors 5 ", 5 ', 5 is controlled by a own control device, these three control devices being controlled and synchronized by means of electronic means, the invention provides that said electronic means are capable of delaying the opening order of the disconnector 5 of the third phase devoid of vacuum interrupter with respect to the opening order of the disconnectors 5 "and 5 Thus, the opening of the third phase will be controlled only after the moment when the breaking chambers 7 of the two other phases have already cut off the arc currents. occurring in vacuum bulbs 8.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1) Switch (1) of a three-phase network, the switch comprising, for two phases of the network, a conductor (2, 3) equipped with a disconnector (5 ', 5 ") and an interrupting chamber ( 7) for extinguishing arc currents through said two phases after a disconnection operated by said disconnectors, and, for a third phase (4) of the network, a conductor (4) equipped with a disconnector (5) and of a cutoff device, characterized in that said device, designed to cut capacitive current arcs, comprises a conductive pallet (17, 22) whose disconnector (5) separates, during the disconnection, only to a state of the switch where the breaking chambers cut the arc currents.
    [0002]
    2) switch of a three-phase network according to claim 1, characterized in that the breaking chambers of said phases each comprise a vacuum bulb (8), and the cut-off device of said third phase is devoid of vacuum interrupter.
    [0003]
    3) switch of a three-phase network according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive paddle (17) is a conductive continuous shunt of electricity of a conductor of the third phase between a fixed end connected to a length (4a ) of said conductor, whose disconnector (5) of the third phase separates during disconnections, and a free end (20) that said disconnector (5) of the third phase reached during disconnections and from which it separates after being separated from said length (4a) of said conductor (4).
    [0004]
    4) switch of a three-phase network according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive pallet (22) comprises a tab extending laterally to the conductor (4) in a direction of movement of the disconnector (5) during disconnections, and on which the disconnector (5) moves.
    [0005]
    5) A switch of a three-phase network according to claim 2, characterized in that the breaking chambers of said two phases each comprise a conductive derivation of electricity between a fixed end connected to a length of a conductor of one of said two phases, whose disconnector separates during the disconnection, and a free end (12) that the disconnector reaches during the disconnection and from which it separates after being separated from said length, said branch comprising the vacuum interrupter (8), and a portion (11) of said bypass between the vacuum bottle and the free end being movable to open the vacuum bottle when the disconnector reaches the free end.
    [0006]
    6) A switch of a three-phase network according to claim 5, characterized in that the conductive pallet also comprises a conductive derivation of electricity between a fixed end connected to a length of a conductor (4a) of said third phase, of which the disconnector separates during disconnection, and a free end (12) that the disconnector reaches during disconnection and from which it separates after separating from said length, said tap comprising a movable portion (11a) comprising the end free (12) and articulated to a fixed rod (10a) connected directly to the conductor (4a) of the third phase.
    [0007]
    7) Switch of a three-phase network according to claim 3, characterized in that the conductive pallet (17) comprises either a wire or a bar (18) connected to the fixed end, and a fixed switching tab (19) extending to said free end (20).
    [0008]
    8) switch of a three-phase network according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the disconnectors (5) comprise a rotary knife 20.
    [0009]
    9) switch of a three-phase network according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the disconnectors comprise a knife movable in translation.
    [0010]
    10) Switch of a three-phase network according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the network is at a voltage between 1 kV and 52 kV.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3034251B1|2017-04-28|
    CN106206147A|2016-12-07|
    ES2709670T3|2019-04-17|
    CN106206147B|2020-03-10|
    EP3073504A1|2016-09-28|
    EP3073504B1|2018-11-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2006074975A1|2005-01-13|2006-07-20|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Three-position disconnector comprising a cam disc|
    EP2182536A1|2008-10-29|2010-05-05|Areva T&D Sas|Current switch on an electric line comprising a vacuum cartridge|
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    DE102012200962B4|2012-01-24|2018-07-26|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Switchgear, in particular switch disconnector, for medium-voltage switchgear|
    ES2601385T3|2012-06-25|2017-02-15|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Three position load disconnector for medium voltage distribution installations|
    FR3009643B1|2013-08-09|2015-08-07|Schneider Electric Ind Sas|VACUUM BULB, CIRCUIT BREAKER POLE COMPRISING SUCH A VACUUM BULB AND METHODS OF MAKING SUCH DEVICES|FR3060195B1|2016-12-14|2020-11-06|Schneider Electric Ind Sas|ELECTRICAL CONNECTION APPARATUS WITH ARC CUT-OFF BYPASS, AND PROCEDURE FOR OPENING THIS APPARATUS|
    US10818452B1|2018-08-30|2020-10-27|Robert Neal Hendrix|Power outage isolation device|
    ES2888700A1|2020-06-25|2022-01-05|Ormazabal Corporate Tech A I E|Cut-off switch on load or short-circuit currents |
    法律状态:
    2016-03-08| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-09-30| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160930 |
    2017-03-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-03-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-03-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-12-18| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20201110 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1552624A|FR3034251B1|2015-03-27|2015-03-27|SWITCH OF A THREE-PHASE NETWORK|FR1552624A| FR3034251B1|2015-03-27|2015-03-27|SWITCH OF A THREE-PHASE NETWORK|
    ES16162153T| ES2709670T3|2015-03-27|2016-03-24|Switch of a three-phase network|
    EP16162153.7A| EP3073504B1|2015-03-27|2016-03-24|Switch of a three-phase network|
    CN201610474320.XA| CN106206147B|2015-03-27|2016-03-25|Switching device for three-phase networks|
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