• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a fiber application head, comprising a roll (11) for applying a web of one or more fibers (81, 82) to an application surface (91), a system main guide (12) for guiding at least one fiber towards said roller, and a heating system (2) capable of emitting thermal radiation in the direction of the belt, just prior to its application, characterized in that the heating system comprises at least a first infra-red lamp (3) adapted to heat the band leaving the main guide system, and at least a second infrared lamp (4) adapted to heat the surface upstream of the roller, said head further comprising a system secondary guide means (5, 6) capable of guiding the strip between the main guide system and the roller while allowing said strip to be heated by the first lamp.
    公开号:FR3033729A1
    申请号:FR1500553
    申请日:2015-03-16
    公开日:2016-09-23
    发明作者:Johannes Treiber；Borgne Olivier Le
    申请人:Coriolis Composites SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a fiber application head for a fiber application machine for producing parts made of composite materials, and more particularly to a so-called fiber placement head equipped with an infrared-type heating system. The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing composite material parts by means of a corresponding application head. It is known for fiber application machines, commonly known as fiber placement machines, for the application to contact with a drape tool, such as a male or female mold, of a broad band formed of several fibers. continuous flat, ribbon type, dry or impregnated with thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, especially carbon fibers consisting of a multitude of carbon threads or filaments.
    [0002] These machines are used to make preforms formed of several superimposed folds, each fold being formed by draping on the mold of one or more strips side by side. In the case of a lay-up of fibers pre-impregnated with thermoplastic or thermosetting resin, typically in an amount of at least 40% by weight, the prepreg preform obtained after draping is cured or polymerized by passing through an oven for obtain a piece of composite material. In the case of so-called dry fibers, not pre-impregnated with resins, the fibers comprise a reduced amount of so-called binding resin, also called binder, generally a thermoplastic resin, in an amount of less than or equal to 5% by weight, for to give the fibers a sticky character during draping. After draping, the so-called dry preform is subjected to an injection or resin infusion operation before the hardening step. These machines, as described in patent WO2006 / 092514, conventionally comprise a fiber application head, a displacement system of said head, fiber storage means, and fiber routing means for conveying fibers. the fibers of said storage means to the head. The head conventionally comprises an applicator roll, also referred to as a compaction roll, for contacting the mold to apply the web, and fiber guiding means on said applicator roll. The head further generally comprises a heating system for heating the fibers. The compaction roll presses the fiber web against the application surface of the mold, or against the previously deposited fiber web or strips, to facilitate adhesion of the deposited webs to each other, as well as to gradually evacuate the air imprisoned between the deposited tapes. The heating system provides heating of the fiber web to be applied, and / or of the mold or strips already applied upstream of the compaction roller, just before compaction of the web, so as to at least soften the resin. pre-impregnation or the bonding resin, and thus promote the adhesion of the strips together. In the case of thermosetting resins, the pre-impregnated fibers are simply heated to soften them, typically at temperatures of the order of 40 ° C. The heating system 15 typically comprises an infrared heating system comprising one or more infrared lamps. In the case of thermoplastic resins, the pre-impregnated fibers must be heated to higher temperatures, at least up to the melting temperature of the resin, ie of the order of 200 ° C. for nylon-type resins. and up to about 400 ° C for PEEK resins. To achieve these higher temperatures, it has been proposed hot air torch systems, and more recently laser type heating systems. Hot air torches are an economical solution, but the heating zone and the heating temperature are difficult to adjust accurately. Laser heating systems are more accurate in terms of heating zone definition and heating temperature. These laser heating systems significantly increase the total cost of the fiber placement cell, and have significant safety constraints. Moreover, the laser beam is generally routed from the laser source to the laser optics carried by the head by means of an optical fiber. This fiber optic system may be incompatible with some of the displacement systems of the fiber placement machine and / or with the interchangeable head concepts, in which the fiber reels may be shipped.
    [0003] The object of the invention is to propose a solution that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks, and in particular a heating system for a fiber placement machine that is simple in design and construction and that allows the use of dry fibers with a binder. Thermoplastic and / or fibers pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin. For this purpose, the present invention provides a fiber application head for producing composite material parts, comprising an application roll for applying a strip formed of one or more fibers to a surface of application, a main guide system for guiding at least one fiber to said application roller, and a heating system capable of emitting thermal radiation in the direction of the web, just prior to its application by the application roller, characterized in the heating system comprises at least a first infrared lamp adapted to heat the strip between its exit from the main guide system and the contact area between the application roller and the application surface, and at least a second lamp infrared capable of heating the application surface and / or one or more strips previously applied, upstream of the roller, relative to the direction of advancement of the applica said head further comprising a secondary guide system adapted to guide the web between the main guide system and the application roller while allowing said web to be heated by the first lamp between the main guide system and the roller; application. According to the invention, the heating system is an infrared lamp type system, including a lamp for heating the draping surface and or fibers previously draped, and an infrared lamp which is oriented towards the strip at the output of the main guide system , combined with a secondary guide system adapted to allow sufficient heating of tape for its draping, while ensuring proper guidance of the tape to the roll. Such a heating system may advantageously be used for draping dry fibers or fibers pre-impregnated with thermoplastic resin. Such a heating system is simple in design and is fully embedded on the head, with no remote part like 3033729 4 for a laser type system. Such a heating system may in particular be advantageously used for interchangeable application heads, and / or with heads associated with particular displacement systems that do not allow the connection of elements of the on-board heating system to the head. other elements deported from the head. According to one embodiment, said secondary guiding system is capable of laterally guiding said strip at the output of the main guiding system, and thus preventing a lateral displacement of the strip in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller, preferably capable of guiding laterally each fiber of said strip. According to one embodiment, said guide system comprises a comb whose fingers extend substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the application roller, preferably from the exit of the main guide system. According to one embodiment, each fiber of the strip is able to be guided between two fingers of the comb. According to another embodiment, said comb comprises only two fingers between which the band is guided. According to one embodiment, said secondary guiding system 20 is able to keep the band away from the first lamp, to avoid contact of the strip with the first lamp, in particular at the end of fiber removal after a cutting operation. According to one embodiment, said secondary guide system comprises at least one rod disposed between the first lamp and the application roll, substantially parallel to the axis of the roll, the band passing between said rod and the roll of application. According to one embodiment, each finger of the comb is in contact with the rod, in particular when the heating system is in an active position. According to one embodiment, said rod is hollow and is cooled by a fluid circulating in said rod, in particular a flow of air. According to one embodiment, the heat radiation of each first lamp is centered on the application roller, and the thermal radiation of the second lamp is centered on the application surface upstream of the application roller, said lamps being For example, it is equipped with a reflector, especially in the form of a reflective coating, for directing and concentrating the radiation. According to one embodiment, said head constitutes a fiber placement head comprising cutting means and means of rerouting, and possibly fiber blocking means. The invention also relates to a method of producing a composite material part comprising the application of continuous fibers to an application surface to form a preform comprising several folds of fibers superimposed in different orientations, each fold being made by application of one or more bands in an orientation, each band being formed of one or more fibers, characterized in that the application of fibers is carried out by means of a fiber application head as defined above, by relative movement of the applicator head with respect to the drape surface along different removal paths. The process according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of dry preforms made from dry fibers provided with a binder and / or thermoplastic preforms made from fibers pre-impregnated with thermoplastic resin. In the case of a dry preform, the method further comprises a resin impregnation step in the dry preform, by adding one or more impregnation resins by infusion or injection to the dry preform, and a step hardening to obtain a piece of composite material. In the case of a thermoplastic preform, the preform 25 may optionally be subjected to an additional consolidation step to obtain a final piece of composite material. The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, features and advantages will become more clearly apparent from the following detailed explanatory description of two presently preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the schematic drawings. attached, in which: - Figure 1 is a partial schematic side view of a fiber placement head equipped with a heating system according to one embodiment of the invention; - Figure 2 is a partial schematic sectional view of the head of Figure 1 illustrating the heating system; FIGS. 3A and 3B are two perspective views of the heating system mounted on the compacting roll assembly parts; FIG. 4 is a partial side view of the head with the heating system in a remote position; - Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 illustrating a head according to an alternative embodiment, comprising a lateral secondary guide system; and FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the head of FIG. 5 with the heating system in a remote position. FIGS. 4 and 4 illustrate a fiber placement head 1 according to the invention equipped with a heating system 2, allowing automatic draping in contact on the application surface 91 of a mold 9 of strips formed of several fibers, by relative movement of the head 15 relative to the mold via a displacement system. The head 1 comprises a compacting roller 11, a main guide system 12 for guiding the fibers towards the roll in the form of two plies of fibers, to form a fiber web in which the fibers are disposed substantially edge to edge . With reference to FIG. 2, the head comprises, for example, a main guide system as described in the aforementioned patent document, comprising first guide channels and second guide channels through which first fibers 81 of the first web and second fibers 82 of the second web.
    [0004] The first and second channels are staggered in two guide planes, diagrammatically shown as P1 and P2, approaching each other from upstream to downstream, so that the fibers 81, 82 of the two plies are substantially disposed edge to edge at the compacting roller. These guide channels 30 are for example formed at the assembly interface of a central piece 121, wedge-shaped, and two side plates 122, 123. The head comprises for example a support structure 13 on which is mounted the main guide system 12 and through which the head can be assembled to a displacement system (not shown) which is able to move the head in at least three directions perpendicular to each other. The roller is rotatably mounted about an axis Al of rotation on two assembly parts 14, by which the roller is removably mounted on the support structure 13. The displacement system comprises, for example, a robot comprising a wrist or poly-articulated arm at the end of which is mounted said head. Alternatively, the head is fixed and the mold is adapted to be moved relative to the head to perform the draping operations. The fibers are conveyed from storage means (not shown) to the head via conveying means (not shown). The fiber storage means may comprise a creel in the case of fibers packaged in the form of coils. The conveying means may be formed of flexible tubes, each tube receiving a fiber in its internal passage.
    [0005] In a manner known per se, the head comprises cutting means for individually cutting each fiber passing through the main guiding system, blocking means for individually blocking each fiber that has just been cut, and means for rerouting or dismounting. training to individually reroute each fiber that has just been cut to the roll, so as to be able to stop and resume the application of a fiber at any time, as well as to choose the width of the strip. These various means (not shown) are described in particular in the aforementioned patent document. For example, the head is provided to receive sixteen fibers, and to allow the application of a strip of sixteen fibers, for example each 6.35 mm (1/4 inch) wide. The heating system 2 is arranged upstream of the roll with respect to the direction of advance of the head during draping, illustrated by the arrow referenced Si. It comprises a first lamp 3 with infrared radiation, called infrared lamp, for heating the fibers leaving the main guide system 12, and two second infrared lamps 4, arranged upstream of the first infrared lamp, for heating, upstream of the compacting roller with respect to the direction of advance of the head, the surface of draping 35 and / or previously draped fibers.
    [0006] The lamps 3, 4 are mounted on a support system 21 which is assembled to the head, and are arranged parallel to the axis A1 of the compacting roller, so that the radiation 31 of the first lamp 3 is directed towards the roller, while the radiation 41 of the second 5 lamps 4 are oriented towards the application surface. Each lamp extends over the entire length of the compaction roller, so that a strip of sixteen fibers can be heated here. Infrared lamps are here lamps with double tubes or twin tubes. For each lamp, the twin tubes are provided on one side with a reflective coating 33 to concentrate the radiation, form a barrier barrier and thus limit the heating of the main guide system and the support system 21. The support system 21 comprises two arms 211 between which the lamps 3, 4 are mounted, the arms being joined at their first end to the connecting pieces 14. The arms are preferably rotatably mounted and can be moved between an active lay-up position illustrated in FIGS. FIGS. 1 and 2, and a so-called maintenance maintenance position, illustrated in FIG. 4, in which the heating system 2 is moved away from the main guidance system 12 to allow access to the latter and to perform maintenance operations. Locking means make it possible to keep the heating system in the active position, these means comprising for example for each arm a rod operated by a button 22, and able to be inserted into a suitable recess 15 of the support structure 13.
    [0007] A guard plate or guard 23 is mounted at the second ends of the arms 211, and can be moved from a retracted position shown in FIG. 1 to a maintenance position illustrated in FIG. 3B. The grid is brought into the retracted position during the draping operations and is brought into the maintenance position over the lamps, in order to protect the lamps during maintenance operations, as well as the operators to limit the risk of burns. A secondary guide system is disposed between the first lamp and the roller, and includes a rod 5 extending parallel to the axis of the roller and mounted between the two arms 211 via two flanges 51. The small section of the rod forms a screen negligible in the radiation of the first lamp. The rod is advantageously a hollow rod and is cooled by a flow of air flowing in the rod. During draping, the fibers pass between the roller 11 and the rod 5. The rod thus prevents any contact between the fiber and the first lamp 3, in particular after a cutting operation, when the ends of the fibers leave the guiding system. main. The main guide system comprises a deflector 6, disposed above the first lamp 3, and formed of a flexible blade. This deflector makes it possible to move the fibers of the first lamp out of the channels and to orient them between the roller and the rod, in particular during fiber re-routing operations after a cutting operation, when the ends of the fibers leave the channels. The baffle is here mounted directly on the main guide system. Alternatively, this deflector 6 is mounted on the support system 15 21 of the heating system. According to another variant, one or more other rods are provided upstream and / or downstream of the aforementioned rod 5. According to another variant, the rod or rods 5, as well as possibly the deflector 6, are replaced by a grid 20 preventing the passage of fibers between said grid and the first lamp 3 while allowing the heating of the fibers coming out of the guide system. by the radiation emitted by the first lamp. The fiber placement head advantageously comprises a compacting roller 11 adapted to adapt to the application surface, especially to convex and / or concave application surfaces to ensure substantially uniform compaction over the entire width of the bandaged. The roller is for example a compacting roll of a so-called flexible material, which is elastically deformable, such as an elastomer. The roll is cooled by a cooling system 16 comprising a deflector or nozzle supplied with air by lines (not shown) connected to the nozzle via connectors 16a, the nozzle covering the roll over a large sector, of more than 1800, opposite to the application surface. In the illustrated example, each lamp 3, 4 comprises two paired quartz glass tubes 35, equipped on one side with an electrical connection system 43 for the electrical connection of the tubes' filaments, said filaments being connected to each other. Electrically connected on the other side by a connector 45. By way of example, the heating system comprises infrared lamps or emitters sold under the trade name Golden 8 by the company Heraeus Noblelight. During draping, the heating system is in the active position, the first lamp 3 heats the draper fibers coming out of the main guide system, before they are applied to the application surface by the roll, and the second lamps 4 heat the surface 10 and / or fibers of the previous ply or plies, this to ensure the connection between the fibers to be draped and the surface and / or fibers previously draped. According to an alternative embodiment, the first lamp 3 is oriented so as to also heat the nip between the roll and the application surface, as well as possibly the part of the application surface or previously draped fibers which is just upstream of the roll. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the head is further equipped with a secondary guide system 20 said lateral 7, for laterally guiding the fibers out of the main guide system. This lateral secondary guide system is in the form of a comb, comprising a base 71 by which the comb is mounted on the head, said base carrying a plurality of fingers 72.
    [0008] The fingers 72 are in the form of tongues or small plates, of small thickness, mounted parallel to each other on a bar forming the base 71, with a spacing pitch between two adjacent tabs substantially corresponding to the width of a fiber . The comb is mounted by its base on the support structure 13, so that the tongues are arranged between the roller 11 and the main guide system 12, their main plane surfaces arranged perpendicularly to the axis Al of the roller, each fiber which leaving a channel of the main guide system 12 passing between two adjacent tabs. The tongues extend substantially from the outputs of the channels of the main guide system to the rod 5. The tabs have on their free end edge a notch 3033729 11 without which is positioned the rod 5 in the active position of the heating system. Each fiber is thus guided laterally between two tongues, the tabs preventing lateral displacement of the fibers parallel to the axis Al of the roll. The small section of the tongues, namely their small thickness, forms a screen negligible to the radiation emitted by the first lamp. In an alternative embodiment, the main lateral guidance system comprises only the two so-called outer tongues, of the aforementioned comb, referenced 72a and 72b, for guiding the outer fibers of a complete strip, formed in this example of 16 fibers, laterally. , the two tabs preventing a lateral displacement of the strip in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller. Although the invention has been described in connection with various particular embodiments, it is quite obvious that it is by no means limited thereto and includes all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if These are within the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Fiber application head for producing composite material parts, comprising - an application roll (11) for applying a strip 5 formed of one or more fibers (81, 82) on a surface ( 91), - a main guide system (12) for guiding at least one fiber to said application roller, and - a heating system (2) capable of emitting thermal radiation in the direction of the web, just before application by the roller, characterized in that the heating system (2) comprises - at least a first infrared lamp (3) adapted to heat the strip between its exit from the main guide system and the contact zone between the application roller and the application surface, and - at least a second infrared lamp (4) capable of heating, upstream of the roller, the application surface and / or one or more strips previously applied, - said head comprising further a second guiding system re (5, 6) adapted to guide the web between the main guide system and the application roller while allowing heating of said web by the first lamp between the main guide system and the application roller.
    [0002]
    2. Head according to claim 1, characterized in that said secondary guide system (7) is adapted to laterally guide said strip at the output of the main guide system (12).
    [0003]
    3. Head according to claim 2, characterized in that said guiding system comprises a comb (7) whose fingers (72) extend substantially perpendicularly to the axis of rotation (A1) of the application roller.
    [0004]
    4. Head according to claim 3, characterized in that each fiber of the strip is adapted to be guided between two fingers (72) of the comb (7).
    [0005]
    5. Head according to claim 3, characterized in that said comb (7) comprises only two fingers (72a, 72b) between which the band is guided. 3033729 13
    [0006]
    6. Head according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said secondary guide system (5) is adapted to maintain the band away from the first lamp (3), to avoid contact of the strip with the first lamp.
    [0007]
    7. Head according to claim 6, characterized in that said secondary guide system comprises at least one rod (5) disposed between the first lamp (3) and the application roller (11), substantially parallel to the axis of the roll, the band passing between said rod and the application roller.
    [0008]
    8. Head according to claims 5 and 7, characterized in that each finger (72) of the comb (7) is in contact with the rod (5).
    [0009]
    9. Head according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said rod (5) is hollow and is cooled by a fluid flowing in said rod.
    [0010]
    10. Head according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the heat radiation of each first lamp (3) is centered towards the application roller, and the heat radiation of the second lamp (4) is centered towards the application surface upstream of the application roller.
    [0011]
    11. Head according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it constitutes a fiber placement head.
    [0012]
    12. A method of producing a composite material part one comprising the application of continuous fibers to an application surface to form to form a preform comprising several folds of fibers superimposed in different orientations, each fold being made by application of one or more webs in an orientation, each web being formed of one or more fibers, characterized in that the fiber application is carried out by means of a fiber application head according to one of claims 1 to 11 , by relative displacement of the application head relative to the layup surface according to different removal paths.
    类似技术:
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    WO2013030467A1|2013-03-07|Fibre application head with comb having flexible tabs
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    WO2019207216A1|2019-10-31|Fibre application head comprising heating means associated with functional modules
    FR3037524A1|2016-12-23|FIBER APPLICATION HEAD WITH PARTICULAR GUIDE SYSTEM
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016146902A1|2016-09-22|
    FR3033729B1|2017-10-06|
    EP3271159A1|2018-01-24|
    US20180093433A1|2018-04-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2882681A1|2005-03-03|2006-09-08|Coriolis Composites Sa|FIBER APPLICATION HEAD AND CORRESPONDING MACHINE|
    FR2913365A1|2007-03-06|2008-09-12|Coriolis Composites Sa|FIBER APPLICATION HEAD WITH PARTICULAR FIBER CUTTING SYSTEMS|
    WO2013072583A2|2011-11-18|2013-05-23|Coriolis Composites|Two‑directional fibre laying head|
    US20140165337A1|2012-12-18|2014-06-19|Airbus Operations Sas|Fibre laying machine comprising a roller with pivoting rings|
    FR3006938A1|2013-06-18|2014-12-19|Coriolis Composites|HEAD OF BI DIRECTIONAL FIBER APPLICATION WITH TWO ROLLS|
    WO2015018801A1|2013-08-06|2015-02-12|Airbus Defence And Space Sas|Yarn laying head for producing composite parts|FR3062336A1|2017-02-02|2018-08-03|Safran Ceramics|PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A PIECE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL|
    WO2020229449A1|2019-05-16|2020-11-19|Akryvia|Plasma torch and heating method for placing composite rovings|FR2937582B1|2008-10-28|2010-12-17|Coriolis Composites|FIBER APPLICATION MACHINE WITH FLEXIBLE FIBER DELIVERY TUBES PLACED IN A COLD SHEATH|FR3034338B1|2015-04-01|2017-04-21|Coriolis Composites|FIBER APPLICATION HEAD WITH PARTICULAR APPLICATION ROLLER|
    FR3043010B1|2015-10-28|2017-10-27|Coriolis Composites|FIBER APPLICATION MACHINE WITH PARTICULAR CUTTING SYSTEMS|
    FR3048373B1|2016-03-07|2018-05-18|Coriolis Group|PROCESS FOR MAKING PREFORMS WITH APPLICATION OF A BINDER ON DRY FIBER AND CORRESPONDING MACHINE|
    GB2561914A|2017-04-28|2018-10-31|Hexcel Reinforcements Uk Ltd|Apparatus for and method of fibre placement for the formation of fibre preforms|
    US11198261B1|2020-06-03|2021-12-14|The Boeing Company|Systems and methods for deposition and high-frequency microwave inspection of uncured fiber-reinforced polymeric materials|
    法律状态:
    2016-02-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-09-23| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160923 |
    2017-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-12-07| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: CORIOLIS GROUP, FR Effective date: 20180925 |
    2020-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2022-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1500553A|FR3033729B1|2015-03-16|2015-03-16|FIBER APPLICATION HEAD WITH INFRARED HEATING SYSTEM|FR1500553A| FR3033729B1|2015-03-16|2015-03-16|FIBER APPLICATION HEAD WITH INFRARED HEATING SYSTEM|
    EP16713511.0A| EP3271159A1|2015-03-16|2016-03-10|Fibre application head with infrared heating system|
    US15/558,821| US20180093433A1|2015-03-16|2016-03-10|Fiber application head with an infrared heating system|
    PCT/FR2016/000043| WO2016146902A1|2015-03-16|2016-03-10|Fibre application head with infrared heating system|
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