• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for controlling the effective dissolution of a polymer when the area of use is inaccessible. The apparatus comprises a pipe on which are successively inserted: a pump, a flowmeter, a water or brine inlet means for diluting the mother liquor circulating in the pipe, a mixer capable of homogenizing, in line, the diluted stock solution, - a first calibrated tube for simulating the distance and the conditions of displacement of the diluted solution in the main line between the point at which the stock solution is diluted and the area of use, - a means capable of reducing the pressure of the diluted solution circulating in the pipeline upstream of the first calibrated tube from 0.1 to 100 bar, - a second tube calibrated to create a pressure drop, - a device for measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and the output of the second calibrated tube.
    公开号:FR3033642A1
    申请号:FR1552037
    申请日:2015-03-11
    公开日:2016-09-16
    发明作者:Cedrick Favero；Christophe Rivas
    申请人:SNF SA；SNF S SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] DEVICE FOR ONLINE MONITORING OF THE QUALITY OF A SOLUBLE POLYMER SOLUTION MADE FROM REVERSE ELVIULSION OR POWDER OF THE POLYMERIC DYE Water-soluble inverse emulsions (water-in-oil) are widely used for their thickening and flocculating properties in many areas. This particular form has the advantage of being able to provide in liquid and concentrated form high molecular weight polymers. The emulsion must, however, ideally be inverted in more or less concentrated form before the use of the polymer, by mixing water with the inverse emulsion so as to obtain an aqueous continuous phase in which the polymer is located. The dehydrated or non-dehydrated inverse emulsions of water-soluble polymers based on acrylamide are particularly useful in the enhanced oil recovery (RAP or EOR for Enhanced Oil Recovery) and more particularly in off-shore operations. A polymeric aqueous solution is typically prepared on the platform. Generally, the emulsion is inverted by adding water and then mixed in a mixer, for example a static mixer, to give a mother solution with a concentration of between 2,000 and 20,000 ppm. The stock solution itself is diluted downstream with water or brine to give the polymeric solution injected into the subterranean formation, wherein the polymer concentration is typically in the range of 100 to 2500 ppm. It is essential that the emulsion be well reversed because, although it is reversed, it will make it possible to give the optimum viscosity and injectivity to the polymer solution, the polymer being completely available and homogeneously distributed to thicken the aqueous medium. When the emulsion is not well inverted part of the polymer does not play its role of thickening and this results in a loss of efficiency and injectivity of the solution prepared from the emulsion. In the same way, the water-soluble polymers in powder form are useful in particular in the enhanced recovery of oil and more particularly in on-shore operations. The powders are prepared in the form of a solution by dissolving the powder in a more or less concentrated solution. Generally, the powder is dissolved by means of a dissolution apparatus, such as the PSU (Polymer Slicing Unit) described in WO2011 / 1076863, into a stock solution of a concentration of between 2,000 and 20,000 1 3033642 ppm, said stock solution being disposed in maturation tanks with stirring, and then diluted downstream with water to give the so-called diluted polymer solution, wherein the polymer concentration is typically of the order of 100 to 2500 ppm. It is also essential that the powder be well dissolved and the polymer solubilized well in water or brine. Subsequently, the term "effective dissolution of the polymer" means its implementation under conditions to obtain an optimum viscosity of the solution.
    [0002] By "area of use" is meant the theoretically accessible downstream location of the process in which the aqueous polymeric solution is used. For example, in the case of a Offshore EOR operation, this location is the injection head in the subterranean formation at the bottom of the sea or the ocean.
    [0003] For this purpose, it is known to sample a sample of the aqueous polymeric solution in order to verify its viscosity with respect to the viscosity of the same solution prepared under optimal conditions in the laboratory. However, it is sometimes impossible to take a solution sample in cases where the diluted solution is not accessible or difficult to access. This is typically the case at the wellhead when it is at the bottom of the sea or the ocean in an offshore operation where the difficulty is of a technical nature. This is also the case when the stock solution is for example prepared in a centralized dissolution station and then transported in long pipelines to sub-dilution stations and finally to the injection wells. The head of 25 wells can then be in a risk zone (military zone) or in a protected area with limited access in an on-shore operation, while the place of preparation of the solution is in an accessible zone. The problem can arise in many other cases. The problem to be solved by the invention is to propose an apparatus for controlling the effective dissolution (emulsion inversion or powder solubilization) of a water-soluble polymer in a dilute solution in cases where the diluted solution can not be removed, ie when it is not accessible or difficult to access. The applicant has developed a device to achieve these objectives.
    [0004] In a first aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus intended to be connected in shunt between two points of a main line respectively: a first point at which is formed a water-soluble polymer stock solution obtained by mixing water or brine with an inverse emulsion of said optionally dehydrated polymer or a powder of said polymer; and a second point near which the stock solution is diluted. The apparatus of the invention makes it possible to control the effective dissolution of the mother solution after dilution between the point of introduction of the mother solution in the main pipe 10 and its zone of use, in particular in cases where the diluted solution is not accessible or difficult to access. It comprises a pipe on which are successively inserted: a pump, a flowmeter, a water or brine inlet means for diluting the mother liquor circulating in the pipe, a mixer capable of homogenizing, line, the diluted stock solution, - a first calibrated tube to simulate the distance and the conditions of displacement of the diluted solution in the main line between the point at which the stock solution is diluted and the area of use, - a means capable of reducing the pressure of the diluted solution circulating in the pipe upstream of the first calibrated tube from 0.1 to 100 bars, - a second tube calibrated to create a pressure drop, 25 - a device for measuring the differential pressure between the input and output of the second calibrated tube. This apparatus makes it possible to reliably control, by measuring the viscosity of the solution, the satisfactory or unsatisfactory inversion of an inverse emulsion or the solubilization, whether or not satisfactory, of a powder of water-soluble polymers in installations in which no sampling can be carried out on the grounds that the zone of application of the polymer is not or not very accessible.
    [0005] In a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for controlling the effective dissolution of a water-soluble polymer at its area of use, in cases where the solution is not accessible or difficult to access.
    [0006] Water-soluble polymers are natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic polymers. Synthetic polymers based on acrylamide are preferred. The powdered polymers are obtained by gel process. The emulsion polymers are obtained by so-called inverse emulsion polymerization, followed or not by a dehydration step. The pump can be of different types, preferably volumetric. It can also be centrifugal in the case of low pressures (less than 100 bar). Its flow rate is typically between 11 / h and 100 l / h.
    [0007] The flowmeter can be of any type. It is preferentially a Coriolis-effect mass-type precision flowmeter, or an electromagnetic-type flow meter. The water or brine inlet means for diluting the solution is typically in the form of a pipe or tube carrying water or brine, said pipe being connected to the pipe of the apparatus. As already mentioned, a pump and a flow meter are positioned upstream of this inlet so as to push the water or brine into the bypass at the pressure and at the required flow rate.
    [0008] The mixer allows homogenization of the stock solution with the previously added water or brine. This requires a carefully designed mixer to mix the solution and limit the mechanical degradation of the polymer, which is very sensitive to shear.
    [0009] For example, a dynamic mixer consisting of a low shear rotor can be used to incorporate the stock solution into the brine. In an advantageous embodiment, the mixer is a static mixer of the type marketed by Sulzer Chemtech Ltd. - Sulzer - Allee 48 - CH 8404 Winterthur - Switzerland for Europe and Kenics, Chemineer Inc., 125 Flagship Drive, North 4 3033642 Andover, MA 01845 USA. The static mixer is advantageously of the type precisely described in document EP1437173, and marketed by SULZER under the names SMX and SMV.
    [0010] Advantageously, the static mixer comprises at least one unitary mixing element having a lattice structure. Each mixing element comprises an outer cylindrical body enclosing the mixing elements themselves, which are in the form of a specific lattice structure. The diameter of the mixing elements are variable, and adjustable according to the pressure drop they generate. The static mixer preferably generates a pressure drop of between 1 and 5 bar, preferably between 2 and 3 bar. The static mixer advantageously comprises from 10 to 50 mixing elements, more preferably from 20 to 30 mixing elements.
    [0011] The first calibrated tube makes it possible to simulate the distance and the displacement conditions (shear, reynolds, residence time, diameter, etc.) of the diluted solution in the main line between the point at which the stock solution is diluted and the zone of use of the diluted solution. Its dimensioning (length, internal diameter) and its nature are determined according to the means which makes it possible to convey the diluted solution from the dilution zone to the zone of use. Preferably, this tube is in the form of a coil in order to reduce its bulk. The means capable of reducing the pressure from 0.1 to 100 bar is typically a valve, called choke, or choke in the field of enhanced oil recovery. It adjusts the pressure at which the diluted solution is going to be used. For example, in an EOR process it makes it possible to control the injection pressure of the polymeric solution in the underground formation.
    [0012] The second calibrated tube makes it possible to create a pressure drop whose amplitude is measured by means of a device for measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the second tube. Preferably, this tube is in the form of a coil to reduce its bulk.
    [0013] In a preferred embodiment, this second calibrated tube measures between 10 and 30 meters long, for an internal diameter of 5 to 20 mm, the wall having a thickness of 2 to 5 mm. Its dimensions may be modified by those skilled in the art provided that they allow a sufficient and measurable pressure drop by the differential pressure measuring device. The device for measuring the differential pressure makes it possible to measure the pressure drop in the second calibrated tube, said pressure drop being less than 2 bars. In general, the pressure drop generated by the calibrated tube is between 0.01 and 2 bar. As already indicated, those skilled in the art will be able to adapt the dimensions of the calibrated tube as a function of the pressure drop. A device of the same type is described, for example, in document WO2012 / 140092. The apparatus may further comprise: a third calibrated tube for simulating the distance and conditions of movement of the stock solution in the main line between the point at which it is formed and the point at which it is diluted, the tube being preferentially positioned between the flowmeter and the water or brine inlet means. In practice, the tube is in the form of a coil. a device for measuring the concentration of water-soluble polymer in line. It may be for example an apparatus measuring the conductivity of the polymeric solution to deduce the polymer concentration in the solution, as described in document EP 2 734 475. This apparatus is preferably positioned between the flowmeter and means for supplying water or brine. This apparatus is particularly dedicated to the measurement of a polymer concentration of a "mother" solution and comprising between 2,000 and 20,000 ppm of polymer in a salt water matrix. A single or double filter with a mesh of 5 to 20 microns, making it possible to eliminate suspended solids that can block the pump or the flow meter. This filter is advantageously positioned before the pump. - A pulsation absorber, advantageously positioned before the pump.
    [0014] In the apparatus according to the invention, the pump, the tubes, the flow meter are able to withstand pressures of 400 bar. They are advantageously made of a material chosen from the group comprising: austeno-ferritic steels, advantageously austenitic ferritic steels containing between 24 and 26% of chromium and between 6 and 8% of nickel; superalloys containing mainly nickel, but also several metals such as chromium, magnesium, iron and titanium (Hastelloy).
    [0015] These materials make it possible to cope with all the compositions encountered for the preparation of the polymeric solutions, in particular the brines in the EOR processes. The apparatus according to the invention is particularly intended to be used at pressures ranging from 50 to 400 bars.
    [0016] Located upstream of the first point of the mainline is typically equipment to combine either the reverse emulsion or the water soluble polymer powder with water or brine. In the case of an inverse emulsion, the material is typically a mixer, preferably static of the same type as that present in the apparatus according to the invention. This is the case, for example, in an off-shore EOR process. In the case of a powder, the material is typically a dissolution material such as the PSU (Polymer Slicing Unit) described in WO20111076863. This is the case, for example, in an on-shore EOR process.
    [0017] Downstream from the second point of the main pipeline is typically a means for combining the stock solution obtained by inversion of the inverse emulsion or by dissolving the water-soluble polymer powder with water or brine, for example a mixer. static, the diluted solution is then transported to the area of use that may be several kilometers from the dilution site.
    [0018] According to the invention, the loss of pressure measured continuously under high pressure in the second calibrated tube allowing the pressure drop can be extrapolated to the corresponding viscosity of the water-soluble polymer solution, measured at atmospheric pressure in a Brookfield apparatus in the same conditions of concentration, temperature and salinity but punctually. The viscosity of the solution can be extrapolated in Viscosity Yield, that is to say at low shear. In order to obtain good correlations, it is important that the shear rates in the second calibrated tube are low and close to those observed with a Brookfield viscometer which is a widely used apparatus in the water-soluble polymer industry, as well as in the application of enhanced oil recovery. More precisely, the shear rate in the second calibrated tube is preferably between 1 s-1 and 500 s-1, and very preferably between 5 s-1 and 200 s-1. Shear rates are therefore considered low and this is made possible by a low speed of circulation of the fluid in the second calibrated tube under high pressure.
    [0019] The viscosities deduced from the pressure difference range from 0.5 to 1000 cps, preferably from 1 to 100 cps. The satisfactory inversion of an inverse emulsion or the satisfactory solubilization of a water-soluble polymer powder is then evaluated by means of a ratio between the viscosity value of the diluted solution extrapolated from the pressure drop and the viscosity of the water. a solution from the same emulsion or the same powder, a solution of which has been prepared at the same concentration under optimal conditions in the laboratory. The closer this ratio is to 1, the better the quality of the inversion or the solubilization of the powder.
    [0020] When this ratio is less than 0.9 or 0.8, or even 0.7, it can be concluded that the polymeric solution is not optimal, or as expected in the area of use. It is then necessary to control the different parameters of preparation and transport in order to identify the causes of this loss of efficiency. Once the problems have been solved, the ratio theoretically rises to a value close to 1. The apparatus is particularly advantageous in a process for the enhanced recovery of oil and / or off-shore gas. In this case, a water-soluble polymer inverse emulsion is generally used. The apparatus is also very suitable for a process of assisted oil recovery and / or on-shore gas. In this case, a water-soluble polymer powder is generally used. The invention also relates to a method for controlling the effective dissolution of a water-soluble polymer at its area of use in the case where it is inaccessible or difficult to access, according to which in a pipeline: a stock solution obtained by mixing water or brine with an inverse emulsion of said polymer, or a powder of said polymer, - the stock solution is diluted, the dilute solution is transported to its area of use, - between the formation of the mother solution and its dilution, a part of the flow flowing in the pipe is circulated in order to circulate it in the apparatus previously described, the viscosity of the diluted solution is calculated by extrapolation of the pressure difference measured by the apparatus for measuring the differential pressure of the apparatus, the viscosity of a solution of the polymer prepared at the same concentration as that of the diluted solution is measured, and under optimal conditions in the laboratory. the ratio between the viscosity value obtained by extrapolation and the viscosity of the solution made in the laboratory is calculated, and the solution of the polymer satisfactorily is determined. In practice, the water-soluble polymer stock solution has a polymer concentration of between 2,000 and 20,000 ppm and the dilute solution has a polymer concentration of between 100 and 2,500 ppm.
    [0021] The invention and the advantages thereof will appear more clearly from the following figure and examples, given to illustrate the invention and in a nonlimiting manner. FIG. 1 represents an apparatus according to the present invention comprising in particular a bypass, installed on an injection pipe for a solution containing a water-soluble polymer in an oil-assisted recovery facility. The apparatus according to the present invention comprises in particular on the main pipe (1) a water-soluble polymer inverse emulsion inlet (2), a water or brine inlet (3), a static mixer (4) allowing mixing the two fluids into a so-called "mother" solution, a second inlet of water or brine (5) allowing dilution of this stock solution in dilute solution, another static mixer (6) and means for transporting the mixture (7) to the area of use which may be several kilometers from the dilution site, and 5 bypass of this main pipeline: - A positive displacement pump (8) with a flow rate of 201 / h; - A precision flow meter (9) Coriolis effect; A calibrated tube (10) for simulating the polymer maturation and the transport of the stock solution to the dilution site in the main line, said tube having a length of 50 meters, an internal diameter of 10 mm and manufactured in super duplex steel; an inlet of water or brine (11) for diluting the stock solution; - a static mixer (12) for mixing the mother solution and water or brine; - A calibrated tube (13) for simulating the distance between the dilution point and the area of use, said tube having a length of 400 meters, an internal diameter of 20 mm and made of super duplex steel; - A valve (14) for reducing the pressure by 5 bars; - A calibrated tube (15) creating a pressure drop of 0.1 to 2 bar 20 - A differential pressure measuring device (16), - A conduit (17) for reinjecting the solution in the main pipeline. A copolymer emulsion of acrylamide and sodium acrylate (70/30 mole%) is used with a brine containing 3000 ppm NaCl in an off-shore EOR process. The apparatus described above is used and positioned as a bypass of the main pipeline. The pressure is 220 bar. The flow in the main pipeline is 125 m3 / s. The polymer concentration of the stock solution is 10,000 ppm. The flow rate in the bypass is 5 Vs. The polymer concentration in the diluted solution is 500 ppm.
    [0022] In a first test, an insufficient pressure difference of 1.5 bar was deliberately created in the static mixer (6) comprising only 2 elements. The emulsion is carried out in the apparatus described above. The deduced and calculated viscosity is 15 cps. A 1000 ppm solution is performed in the laboratory and the measured viscosity is 27 cps. The ratio between these two viscosities is 0.56. This ratio is low, far from 1 and it can be deduced that the emulsion is not well reversed. The cause is of course the insufficiency of the mixture in the static mixer (6) which results in a bad inversion of the emulsion, which the apparatus makes it possible to detect, and that neither the dilution nor the maturation time can compensate ..
    [0023] In a second test, the same emulsion is carried out in the same way but the static mixer (6) creates a pressure difference of 10 bars by means of 8 elements. The emulsion is carried out in the apparatus described above. The deduced and calculated viscosity is 29 cps. A 500 ppm solution is made in the laboratory and the measured viscosity is 10 32 cps. The ratio between these two viscosities is 0.91. This ratio is good and allows us to conclude that the reversal has been made. 11
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1 / Apparatus intended to be connected in shunt between two points of a main pipe respectively: - a first point at which is formed a water-soluble polymer stock solution obtained by mixing water or brine with an inverse emulsion of said polymer, or a powder of said polymer, and a second point near which the stock solution is diluted, the apparatus for controlling the effective dissolution of the stock solution after dilution between the point of introduction of the stock solution in the pipe main and its area of use, particularly in cases where the diluted solution is not accessible or difficult to access, the apparatus comprising a pipe on which are inserted successively: - a pump, - a flow meter, - a means of arrival of water or brine for diluting the stock solution circulating in the pipe, - a mixer capable of homogenizing, in the diluted stock solution; a first calibrated tube for simulating the distance and the conditions of displacement of the diluted solution in the main line between the point at which the stock solution is diluted and the area of use; capable of reducing the pressure of the diluted solution circulating in the pipeline upstream of the first calibrated tube from 0.1 to 100 bar, - a second tube calibrated to create a pressure drop, - a device for measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and the output of the second calibrated tube. 2 / Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow meter is a precision flowmeter mass type Coriolis effect, or electromagnetic type. 3 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixer is a static mixer. 12 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second tube is between 10 and 30 meters long for an internal diameter of 5 to 20 mm, the wall having a thickness of 2 to 5 mm. 5 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a third tube, preferably in the form of a calibrated coil to simulate the distance and the conditions of movement of the stock solution in the main line between the point at which it is formed and the point at which it is diluted, the tube being positioned between the flow meter and the water or brine inlet means. 6 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubes are in the form of a coil. 7 / Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 1, characterized in that the pump, the tubes, the flow meter are made of materials selected from the group consisting of: - Austeno-ferritic steels - Superalloys containing mainly nickel, but also several metals such as chromium, magnesium, iron and titanium (Hastelloy). 8 / Use of the apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7 in a process for enhanced recovery of oil and / or off-shore gas. 9 / Use of the apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 8 in a method of assisted recovery of oil and / or gas on-shore. 10 / Method for controlling the effective dissolution of a water-soluble polymer at its area of use in the case where it is inaccessible or difficult to access, according to which in a pipeline: - a stock solution is formed obtained by mixing water or brine with an inverse emulsion of said polymer, or a powder of said polymer, the mother solution is diluted, the dilute solution is transported to its zone of use, between the formation of the mother solution and its dilution, a portion of the flow flowing in the pipe is circulated to circulate in the apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, the viscosity of the diluted solution is calculated by extrapolation of the difference in pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring device of the apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, the viscosity of a solution of the polymer prepared at the same concentration is measured. In addition to that of the diluted solution, and under optimal laboratory conditions, the ratio between the viscosity value obtained by extrapolation and the viscosity of the solution made in the laboratory is calculated. not the polymer. 11 / A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the shear rate in the second calibrated tube is between 1 s-1 and 500 s-1, preferably between 5 s-1 and 200 s-1. 12 / Method according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the water-soluble polymer stock solution has a polymer concentration between
    [0002]
    2,000 and 20,000 ppm and that the diluted solution has a polymer concentration of between 100 and 2,500 ppm. 14
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    法律状态:
    2016-03-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-09-16| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160916 |
    2017-01-20| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: S.P.C.M. SA, FR Effective date: 20161221 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1552037A|FR3033642B1|2015-03-11|2015-03-11|DEVICE FOR ON-LINE CONTROL OF THE QUALITY OF A SOLUBLE POLYMER SOLUTION MADE FROM REVERSE EMULSION OR POWDER OF SUCH POLYMER|
    FR1552037|2015-03-11|FR1552037A| FR3033642B1|2015-03-11|2015-03-11|DEVICE FOR ON-LINE CONTROL OF THE QUALITY OF A SOLUBLE POLYMER SOLUTION MADE FROM REVERSE EMULSION OR POWDER OF SUCH POLYMER|
    CN201680014419.XA| CN107849912B|2015-03-11|2016-03-09|The device and method that the quality of water-soluble polymer solution is monitored online|
    PCT/FR2016/050534| WO2016142623A1|2015-03-11|2016-03-09|Device for in-line monitoring of the quality of a water-soluble polymer solution manufactured from invert emulsion or powder of said polymer|
    US15/557,417| US10422731B2|2015-03-11|2016-03-09|Device for in-line monitoring of the quality of a water-soluble polymer solution manufactured from invert emulsion or powder of said polymer|
    EP16714485.6A| EP3268719B1|2015-03-11|2016-03-09|Device for in-line monitoring of the quality of a water-soluble polymer solution manufactured from invert emulsion or powder of said polymer|
    CA2978160A| CA2978160A1|2015-03-11|2016-03-09|Device for in-line monitoring of the quality of a water-soluble polymer solution manufactured from invert emulsion or powder of said polymer|
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