• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Turbomachine nut (118), in particular for axially locking a bearing ring (114) (110), the nut comprising a thread (146) for screwing onto a part of the turbomachine, and locking means ( 152) for the immobilization in rotation of the nut vis-à-vis said room, characterized in that it further comprises at least one means (164, 170) dynamic sealing.
    公开号:FR3032499A1
    申请号:FR1551086
    申请日:2015-02-10
    公开日:2016-08-12
    发明作者:Arnaud Michel Marie Accary；Alexandre Michel Henri Hasquenoph；Frederic David Stephane Rogues；Regis Eugene Henri Servant
    申请人:SNECMA SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a turbomachine nut, in particular for the axial locking of a bearing ring. STATE OF THE ART A turbomachine comprises bearings for guiding and centering parts such as shafts. The bearings of the type with bearings comprise two rings, respectively internal and external, between which are located the bearings, such as balls or rollers, which can be kept at a distance from each other by an annular cage interposed between the rings. As can be seen in FIG. 1, which is extracted from the prior application FR-A1-2 976 623 of the Applicant, each bearing 10 is generally mounted on a turbomachine shaft (or a member carried by the shaft) by sliding axial on a cylindrical surface 12 of the shaft, until its inner ring 14 bears axially against an annular shoulder 16 of the shaft. The inner ring 14 is then locked axially against the shoulder 16 by means of a nut 18 which is screwed onto the shaft and one end bears axially on the inner ring 14. The outer ring 15 of each bearing 10 is in general attached to a bearing support 17, 19, this support here serving cage interposed between the rings.
    [0002] It is known to associate with a nut locking means 20 to ensure its immobilization in rotation vis-à-vis the shaft on which it is mounted, as is also visible in Figure 1. In the context of this The invention is more particularly concerned with the environment designated by reference A in FIG. 1 and which is shown on a larger scale in FIG. 2 (although the technologies illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 are different).
    [0003] This FIG. 2 shows that the above-mentioned blocking means 20 for the nut 18 are situated at its end situated on the side opposite to the bearing 10. These locking means 20 comprise an axial cylindrical rim which comprises an annular row of radial notches. defining between them 5 axial teeth. These locking means 20 are aligned radially with similar locking means 22 of the shaft. A locking ring 24 is attached to the locking means 20, 22 and comprises radial tabs which are engaged between the teeth of these blocking means to immobilize the nut against rotation relative to 10 l. 'tree. The locking ring 24 is attached to the locking means 20, 22 by axial translation and is retained axially in the locking position by means of a stop ring 26 which bears axially on the ring 24 and which is engaged in a radially inner annular groove of the axial cylindrical rim of the locking means 20 of the nut. In the prior art to the invention illustrated in Figure 2, it is found that the nut 18 is in axial bearing on the inner ring 14 of the bearing 10 by means of a sealing member 28, commonly called "labyrinth turning point "in the aeronautical field. This sealing member 28 comprises a U-shaped or C-axial section whose opening opens axially, downstream here (with reference to the flow of gas in a turbomachine) and which comprises two substantially annular walls. cylindrical, respectively internal 30 and outer 32, extending one inside the other. The inner wall 30 comprises at its downstream end an annular flange 34 which extends radially inwards and which is clamped axially between the nut 18 and the inner ring 14 of the bearing 10. The outer wall 32 is connected by its downstream end to a radial annular wall 36 extending outwardly and forming a deflector or drip. The outer wall 32 and the radial wall 36 are surrounded by a portion of the bearing support 19, a dynamic sealing system 40 being mounted between the outer wall 32 and the support bearing 3032499 3. In the present application, dynamic sealing means a seal made between two moving parts relative to each other, in particular in rotation. The outer wall 32 of the member comprises a sealing means forming part of this system 40, namely here an outer layer 42 of abradable material. Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a portion of the bearing support 19 is surrounded by a part of the fan rotor of the turbomachine, and in particular by a fan disk 44. It has been found that, in case, fortunately uncommon, degradation or rupture of a fan blade, there is a risk of heavy-duty contact between the bearing support 19 and the fan disk 44. One solution to this problem would be to increase the clearance between these rooms. However, the fan disk 44 can not be easily modified (in particular because of the problem of dimensioning) and the bearing 10 can not be easily moved (notably because of the lack of flexibility of the motor architecture), another solution must be considered. The present invention provides a simple, effective and economical solution to this problem.
    [0004] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention proposes for this purpose a turbomachine nut, in particular for the axial locking of a bearing ring, the nut comprising a screw thread on a part of the turbomachine, and means for locking for immobilization in rotation of the nut vis-à-vis said piece, characterized in that it further comprises at least one dynamic sealing means. The invention thus proposes to integrate in the nut the functions of the sealing member of the prior art. In other words, the invention proposes to combine the assembly formed by the nut and the sealing member of the prior art in one and the same element. This combination makes it possible in particular to reduce the overall dimensions, in particular radial, of this assembly by reducing its diameter. This reduction in the size makes it possible to envisage an increase in the axial clearance between the bearing support and the fan disk, in the particular case described above, and thus to limit the risk of contact between these parts in the event of failure of the a fan blade 5. The nut according to the invention preferably comprises two independent dynamic sealing means. The or each sealing means is for example a series of annular wipers or an abradable layer, a labyrinth seal. The nut may comprise an outer radial wall forming for example a deflector, which is preferably configured to protect the dynamic sealing means. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nut comprises a portion 15 of substantially C or U-shaped axial section whose opening is axially oriented, this part comprising two substantially cylindrical walls, respectively internal and external, said thread being located on the inner cylindrical wall and at least one of the dynamic sealing means being located on the outer cylindrical wall.
    [0005] The outer radial wall of the nut may be located at a downstream end of said outer cylindrical wall. Another dynamic sealing means is preferably located on an upstream axial extension of said inner cylindrical wall. Advantageously, the nut comprises centering means, independent of said thread, and configured to cooperate with said piece. Preferably, the locking means comprise an internal radial flange which comprises axial slots configured to receive axial tabs of a locking ring. The present invention further relates to a turbomachine, having a workpiece, such as a shaft, carrying a bearing ring which is axially locked by a nut as described above.
    [0006] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. which: - Figure 1 is a schematic half view in axial section of a turbomachine according to the prior art, - Figure 2 is a schematic half axial sectional view of an axial locking nut of a bearing ring and FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic half-view in axial section of an axial locking nut of a bearing ring according to the invention; FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view; In perspective of the locking ring of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the nut of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are other diagrammatic views of the nut. of Figure 3. DESCRIPTION D SUMMARY FIGS. 1 and 2 have been described in the foregoing and illustrate the prior art of the invention. Figures 3 to 7 show an embodiment of a nut 118 for locking an inner ring 114 of a bearing 110 of a turbomachine. As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the bearing 110 is mounted on a turbomachine shaft (or a member carried by the shaft) by axial sliding on a cylindrical surface 112 of the shaft, until its inner ring 114 comes to bear axially against an annular shoulder 116 of the shaft. The inner ring 114 is then locked axially against the shoulder 116 by means of the nut 118 which is screwed onto the shaft and one end bears axially on the inner ring 114. The outer ring of the bearing n ' is not shown and is attached to a bearing support 119. The nut 118 is screwed from upstream (left in the drawing) onto the shaft and includes an internal thread 146 configured to cooperate with a complementary external thread of the shaft, which is located directly upstream of the surface 112. In the example shown, the nut 118 comprises a substantially U-shaped or C-shaped axial section portion whose opening is axially oriented, here to 'downstream. The nut 118 thus comprises two substantially cylindrical annular walls, respectively internal 130 and external 132, extending one inside the other. The walls 130, 132 are interconnected at their upstream ends by a substantially radial wall 133. The internal wall 130 comprises, at its downstream end, the threading 146. It furthermore comprises, upstream of the threading 146, an annular flange 148 extending radially inwards. This flange 148 is configured to cooperate with the shaft to form centering means of the nut 118, in particular in case of breakage of the end portion of the nut 118 having the thread 146. The flange 148 here comprises a radially inner cylindrical surface 20 for sliding on a cylindrical surface 150 of the shaft. The inner wall 130 further comprises, upstream of the rim 148, an annular flange 152 extending radially inwards. This flange 152 comprises an annular row of axial notches which are regularly distributed and which define radial teeth between them. The flange 152 has an internal diameter smaller than that of the flange 148 and its teeth are intended, in the mounting position of the nut 118, to be aligned axially with axial teeth 154 of the shaft. The axial teeth 154 of the shaft are formed here by an axial cylindrical rim of the shaft which extends upstream and comprises an annular row of radial notches defining between them these teeth 154. In mounting position shown 3032499 7 in Figure 3, the radial teeth of the flange 152 are located at a short axial distance from the teeth 154 of the shaft. These teeth form locking means 120 which cooperate with a locking ring 156 to immobilize in rotation the nut 118 vis-a-vis the shaft.
    [0007] The locking ring 156 is best seen in FIG. 4. It has a 360 ° continuous shape and includes axle tabs 158 which extend downstream. These lugs 158 are here five in number and are regularly distributed around the axis of revolution of the ring 156. The ring 156 is mounted by translation from upstream on the teeth 10 of the flange 152 and the teeth 154. of the shaft, the tabs 158 of the ring being intended to engage between these teeth which can abut in circumferential direction on the circumferential ends of the tabs 158 to ensure the aforementioned immobilization. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the flanges 148, 152 are separated from each other by a first annular groove 160 of the wall 130, which opens radially inwards, and the flange 148 and the thread 146. are separated from each other by a second annular groove 160 of the wall 130, which opens radially inwardly. The inner wall 130 further comprises, upstream of the flange 152, 20 an annular groove 162 opening radially inwards and in which is mounted the outer periphery of an annular stop ring 126 which can bear axially on the ring 156 to retain it axially in the aforementioned locking position of the nut 118. As seen in Figure 5, this groove 162 is not continuous 360 ° and is interrupted 25 by the aforementioned axial notches of the flange 152, these slots extending axially to the area where the groove 162. grooves are located. These notches can be configured to cooperate with a tool for screwing / unscrewing the nut 118, as will be described in the following. The inner wall 130 of the nut 118 extends axially upstream beyond the wall 133 and defines an upstream axial cylindrical rim which carries a first sealing means. This first sealing means 3032499 8 is here a series of external annular wipers 164 which cooperate with a layer 166 of abradable material carried by the bearing support 119. The assembly comprising the wipers 164 and the abradable layer forms a system or seal dynamic sealing, here of labyrinth type.
    [0008] The outer wall 132 is connected at its downstream end to a radial wall 136 extending outwardly and forming a deflector or droplet. The outer wall 132 and the radial wall 136 are surrounded by the bearing support 119. A dynamic sealing system 140 is mounted between the outer wall 132 and the bearing support 119. This system 140 comprises a seal labyrinth, the wipers 168 are carried by a system member 140 and whose layer 170 of abradable material is carried by the outer wall 132. The deflector formed by the wall 136 is installed to protect the dynamic seals of the oil chamber located downstream of the wall 136 and necessary for the lubrication of the bearing 110, and ejected by it in operation. Without this deflector, the seals of the enclosure would be saturated with oil, and could no longer provide their ventilation function of the enclosure. Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 3, a part of the bearing support 119 is surrounded by a portion of the fan rotor of the turbomachine, and in particular by a fan disk 144. The invention thus proposes to integrate the sealing member of the prior art in the nut 118, which therefore comprises several functions: screwing on the shaft and axial stop of the inner ring 114 of bearing, centering on the shaft by means of the flange 148, rotational locking against the shaft by means of the teeth of the flange 152 and the ring 156, here dynamic sealing with the wipers 164 and the abradable layer 170, and finally protection dynamic seals with the deflector formed by the radial wall 136. Compared to the prior art shown in FIG. 2, the nut 118 has a smaller diameter. This is made possible in particular by the elimination of the rim 34 of the prior art and by the connection of the inner wall 30 of the member to the upstream end of the nut 18. The nut 118 according to the invention can be mounted as follows. The bearing 110 is mounted on the shaft by axial sliding of its inner ring 5 from upstream on the cylindrical surface 112 of the shaft. The nut 118 is aligned axially with respect to the shaft and disposed upstream of the bearing 110. It is displaced in translation downstream along the axis of the shaft until its threading 146 is located at the entrance / upstream of the thread of the shaft. A suitable tool is then used to rotate the nut and screw it onto the shaft. This tool can be engaged on the nut 118 at the edge 152, the tool may comprise axial teeth engaged in the aforementioned axial notches of the rim 152. The screwing is continued until the nut 118 it bears axially on the inner ring 114 which is then clamped between the nut 118 and the shoulder 116 of the shaft. The locking ring 156 is aligned axially with respect to the shaft and disposed upstream of the nut 118. It is displaced in translation downstream along the axis of the shaft to its legs 158 engage between the teeth of the flange 152 and the teeth 154 of the shaft. The annular ring 126 is then mounted in the groove to retain axially the ring 154 in its locking position of the nut 118. For this, the rod 126 can be elastically constrained to reduce its outer diameter until it can be engaged inside the nut and in the groove 162. The force applied on the rod 126 is then canceled so that it can resume its original shape, by elastic return, in the groove 162 The bearing support 119 can then be mounted around the nut 118 so that the wipers 164, 168 are aligned with the abradable layers 166, 170. Advantageously, the nut 118 combines several functions such as the attachment and the sealing by allowing gains in compactness and ease of assembly, by facing architectural constraints in the turbomachine.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Turbomachine nut (118), in particular for axially locking a bearing ring (114) (110), the nut comprising a thread (146) for screwing onto a part of the turbomachine, and locking means ( 152) for the immobilization in rotation of the nut vis-à-vis said room, characterized in that it further comprises at least one means (164, 170) dynamic sealing.
    [0002]
    2. Nut (118) according to claim 1, comprising two independent dynamic sealing means (164, 170).
    [0003]
    3. Nut (118) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the or each sealing means is a series of annular wipers (164) or an abradable layer (170), a labyrinth seal.
    [0004]
    4. Nut (118) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an outer radial wall (136) forming for example a deflector.
    [0005]
    5. Nut (118) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a portion of axial section substantially of C or U whose opening is oriented axially, this portion having two substantially cylindrical walls, respectively internal (130) and external (132), said thread (146) being located on the inner cylindrical wall and at least one of the dynamic sealing means (170) being located on the outer cylindrical wall.
    [0006]
    6. Nut (118) according to claim 5, in accordance with claim 4, wherein said outer radial wall (136) is located at a downstream end of said outer cylindrical wall (132).
    [0007]
    The nut (118) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein another dynamic sealing means (164) is located on an upstream axial extension of said inner cylindrical wall (130).
    [0008]
    8. Nut (118) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising centering means (148), independent of said thread, and configured to cooperate with said piece. 3032499 11
    [0009]
    The nut (118) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said locking means comprises an internal radial flange (152) which comprises axial notches configured to receive axial lugs (158) of a locking ring (156). ). 5
    [0010]
    10. Turbomachine, comprising a part, such as a shaft, carrying a bearing ring (114) which is axially locked by a nut (118) according to one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10156152B2|2018-12-18|
    US20180016929A1|2018-01-18|
    CN107208685B|2019-06-25|
    WO2016128663A1|2016-08-18|
    CN107208685A|2017-09-26|
    EP3256698B1|2019-04-03|
    FR3032499B1|2017-11-24|
    EP3256698A1|2017-12-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3915523A|1973-10-01|1975-10-28|Avco Corp|Locking threaded element|
    US6142729A|1998-06-26|2000-11-07|Techspace Aero|Sealing device for a turbomachine bearing chamber|
    US20030044097A1|2001-08-31|2003-03-06|Trapp Michael Kelly|Retainer nut|
    US20060251512A1|2005-05-06|2006-11-09|General Electric Company|Apparatus for scavenging lubricating oil|
    US20090034896A1|2007-08-03|2009-02-05|Kenneth Lee Fisher|Bearing retainer|EP3388641A1|2017-04-10|2018-10-17|United Technologies Corporation|Seal assembly for a bearing compartment of a gas turbine engine and nut|US5618143A|1994-11-02|1997-04-08|Warn Industries, Inc.|Spindle nut and locking device|
    US5772373A|1994-11-02|1998-06-30|Warn Industries, Inc.|Nut and locking device|
    CA2264282C|1997-06-20|2002-03-05|Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.|Gas turbine air separator|
    US6976816B2|2003-08-01|2005-12-20|Dana Corporation|Combination lock washer and spindle bearing assembly|
    NL1033534C2|2007-03-12|2008-09-15|Weweler Nv|Suspension for wheel axle suspension.|
    DE102010002365A1|2010-02-25|2011-11-17|Daimler Ag|Weld nut for fastening unit, has nut body with threaded bore and flange body that is extended radially to nut axis of nut body, where threaded bore has inner thread|
    US8292373B2|2010-06-01|2012-10-23|Consolidted Metco, Inc.|Spindle nut|
    US8469460B2|2010-06-29|2013-06-25|Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc|Spindle nut assembly|
    FR2976623B1|2011-06-20|2013-06-28|Snecma|DECOUPLING DEVICE FOR DOUBLE FLOW TURBOMOTEUR|
    FR2978218B1|2011-07-22|2013-08-23|Snecma|ANTI-ROTATION DEVICE FOR LARGE NUT|
    FR3007070B1|2013-06-12|2016-10-07|Snecma|ASSEMBLY FOR TURBOMACHINE|
    CN203441985U|2013-08-29|2014-02-19|南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司|Axial positioning and locking nut for bearing|
    CN203717573U|2014-01-26|2014-07-16|泰尔重工股份有限公司|Novel positioning clamping ring device|
    GB2524746B|2014-03-31|2016-09-14|Airbus Operations Ltd|Locking apparatus for a nut|FR3027628B1|2014-10-28|2019-07-12|Safran Aircraft Engines|LUBRICATING OIL RECOVERY COVER FOR TURBOMACHINE EQUIPMENT|
    US11199103B2|2018-09-06|2021-12-14|General Electric Company|Seal assembly for a turbomachine|
    法律状态:
    2016-02-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-08-12| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160812 |
    2017-02-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-01-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-06-29| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES, FR Effective date: 20170719 |
    2019-01-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-01-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-01-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2022-01-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1551086A|FR3032499B1|2015-02-10|2015-02-10|NUT FOR THE AXIAL BLOCKING OF A BEARING RING IN A TURBOMACHINE|FR1551086A| FR3032499B1|2015-02-10|2015-02-10|NUT FOR THE AXIAL BLOCKING OF A BEARING RING IN A TURBOMACHINE|
    US15/549,354| US10156152B2|2015-02-10|2016-02-09|Nut for axially locking a bearing ring in a turbomachine|
    PCT/FR2016/050273| WO2016128663A1|2015-02-10|2016-02-09|Nut for axially locking a bearing ring in a turbomachine|
    EP16707882.3A| EP3256698B1|2015-02-10|2016-02-09|Retainer nut for axial blockage of a bearing in a turbomachine|
    CN201680009248.1A| CN107208685B|2015-02-10|2016-02-09|For the nut by bearing ring axial lock in the turbine|
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