• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for filling a reservoir (1) of gaseous hydrogen under pressure from at least one source storage (2) containing hydrogen gas under pressure at a first predetermined temperature and at a predetermined pressure greater than the pressure in the tank (1) to be filled, in which hydrogen is transferred from the source storage (2) to the tank (1) by pressure equalization via a filling circuit (3) having an upstream end connected to the storage (2). ) source and a downstream end connected to the reservoir (1), and wherein, the at least one storage (2) source is in heat exchange with a member (6) for heating the gas stored in the storage (2) source, during at least a portion of the hydrogen transfer from the source storage (2) to the reservoir (1), the gas contained in the source storage (2) being heated to a second predetermined temperature which is higher than the first temperature.
    公开号:FR3032257A1
    申请号:FR1550847
    申请日:2015-02-04
    公开日:2016-08-05
    发明作者:Baptiste Ravinel
    申请人:Air Liquide SA；LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a method and a device for filling a hydrogen tank. The invention relates more particularly to a process for filling a hydrogen gas tank under pressure from at least one source storage containing hydrogen gas under pressure at a first predetermined temperature and at a predetermined pressure greater than the pressure in the tank to be filled, in which hydrogen is transferred from the source storage to the tank by pressure equalization via a filling circuit having an upstream end connected to the source storage and a downstream end connected to the tank, and in which, the at least one source storage is in heat exchange with a gas heating member stored in the source storage. The filling of fuel tanks with hydrogen gas is generally carried out via one and preferably several pressure balances between one or more source storages and the reservoir to be filled. A well-known solution uses several source storages connected in parallel and which are used successively to maximize the pressure differences between the source and the reservoir to be filled (so-called "cascading" filling). A compressor may also be provided in addition to supplement or complete the filling if necessary. Several techniques are known to optimize the amount of gas transferred in the allotted filling time. Thus, it is known to control the flow of transferred gas to minimize the heating produced in the filled tank. Reducing the gas transfer rate limits the risk of overheating in the tank but increases the filling time. Another known solution is to cool the gas before entering the tank to minimize / control the rise in temperature in the tank. This solution may however require a strong energy resource. EP2175187A2 discloses a filling system in which the temperature of the gas is controlled (lowered) before entering the tank. 3 0 3 2 2 5 7 2 Document W02011026551A1 describes a filling system in which the temperature of the source storage is maintained at a determined low level. An object of the present invention is to improve the filling efficiency and / or to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above. For this purpose, the filling method according to the invention, which moreover conforms to the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that during at least a part of the hydrogen transfer of the source storage to the reservoir, the gas contained in the source storage is heated to a second predetermined temperature which is higher than the first temperature. That is, during filling and / or prior to at least a portion of the filling, the at least one storage source is reheated to increase the pressure of the gas in the storage so as to increase the differential of pressure relative to the tank to fill. Preferably, this reheating is carried out when the pressure in the source storage falls below a determined low threshold and / or when the pressure in the reservoir during filling reaches a determined high threshold. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features: - the heating of the gas contained in the source storage increases its temperature by a determined value of between 10 ° C. and 60 ° C. and preferably between 20 ° C and 40 ° C, during the transfer of hydrogen from the source storage to the reservoir, when the pressure differential between the gas in the source storage on the one hand and the gas storage on the other hand the gas in the reservoir is less than a first differential determined, the gas contained in the source storage is heated via the reheat member, - the gas contained in the source storage is reheated only when the pressure differential between a part of the gas in the source storage and, secondly, the gas in the tank, is less than said first determined differential, - the first differential determined is between 50 and 250 bar and preferably between 100 and 200 bar, during the transfer of hydrogen from the source storage to the reservoir, when the pressure differential between the gas in the source storage and the gas in the reservoir, is greater than a second differential determined, the gas contained or withdrawn from the source storage is cooled, - the cooling of the gas contained in the source storage decreases its temperature from 10 ° C to 60 ° C and preferably from 20 ° C at 40 ° C., the gas in the source storage has an initial pressure before filling and before reheating of between 150 and 950 bar and in particular between 250 and 850 bar. The invention also relates to a device for filling a reservoir 15. hydrogen gas under pressure comprising at least one source storage containing hydrogen gas under pressure at a first predetermined temperature and at a predetermined pressure, a gas reheater stored in the soda storage e, a filling circuit having an upstream end connected to the source storage and a downstream end releasably connectable to the tank to be filled, at least one regulating member for the pressure and / or the flow of gas admitted to circulate in the circuit from the source storage to the reservoir, an electronic device for acquiring, storing and processing data connected to the regulator, also connected to the gas heating member stored in the source storage and to a sensor for the pressure in the tank, the electronic data acquisition, storage and processing element being configured to control the flow rate and / or the pressure of the gas in the filling circuit, the electronic acquisition member, storage and data processing being configured to control heating of the gas contained in the source storage to a second predetermined temperature which is greater than the first temperature during at least a portion of the hydrogen transfer from the source storage to the reservoir.
    [0002] According to one possible feature, the reheating member comprises a heat exchanger and / or a heat transfer fluid circuit in heat exchange with the source reservoir. The invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features. Other features and advantages will appear on reading the following description, with reference to the figures in which: - Figure 1 shows a schematic and partial view illustrating an example of a filling device that can implement the invention, FIG. 2 represents comparative curves of variation of the pressure within source storages and tanks during refilling with and without the implementation of the invention. Figure 1 shows schematically and partially an example of filling station 1 tanks of hydrogen gas under pressure (eg vehicle tanks). The station conventionally comprises at least one source storage 2 containing hydrogen gas under pressure, for example at a pressure of between 150 bar and 1000 bar, in particular 700 to 900 bar. The storage sources 2 are for example at room temperature or maintained at a predetermined temperature (for example at 15 ° C or 0 ° C). The station further comprises a filling circuit 3 having an upstream end connected to the storage (s) 2 source and a downstream end removably connectable to the tank 1 to fill. The filling circuit 3 comprises, for example, an isolation valve 4 and a member 5 for regulating the pressure and / or the flow of gas admitted to flow in the circuit 3 from the source storage 2 to the tank 1. 5 regulating comprises for example a valve, controlled or not, a pressure regulator or any other suitable member for controlling the gas flow or pressure rise in the tank 1 to fill.
    [0003] The station further comprises a pressure sensor 8 in the reservoir, located for example in the filling circuit 3 upstream of the tank 1. Of course this sensor 8 can be replaced or supplemented by a pressure sensor in the tank 1, around of the reservoir and / or by software modeling calculating this pressure. As illustrated schematically, the filling circuit 3 may further comprise a heat exchanger 9 in heat exchange with the gas 5 downstream of the member 5 to optionally regulate the temperature of the gas (in particular to cool the gas). The station preferably further comprises an electronic data acquisition, storage and processing member 7, for example a controller, computer, computer or any other microprocessor device or the like. The electronic device 7 for acquisition, storage and data processing is connected to the regulating member 5 and the gas reheating member 6 stored in the source storage 2 to control / control. In addition, the electronic storage and data processing unit 7 is connected to the sensor 8 of the pressure in the tank 1 to collect the signal of the latter. The electronic device 7 for acquiring, storing and processing data can also be connected to a sensor for measuring the pressure and / or the temperature in the source storage 2 or at its outlet. The station further comprises a member 6 for heating the gas stored in the storage 2 source. Conventionally, the electronic device 7 for acquiring, storing and processing data is configured to control the flow rate and / or the pressure of the gas in the filling circuit so as to optimize the filling (determined time, quantity transferred, without generate a temperature rise above a prescribed threshold, for example determined by the nature of the tank 1). According to an advantageous characteristic, the electronic data acquisition, storage and processing element 7 is also configured to control the heating of the gas contained in the source storage 2 at a predetermined temperature which is greater than the current temperature during the heating. at least a portion of the hydrogen transfer from the source storage 2 to the reservoir 1. Preferably, this heating is carried out at the end of the transfer of gas between the source storage 2 and the reservoir 1. 3 0 3 2 2 5 7 6 For example during filling, when (or just before) the pressure differential between the gas in the source storage 2 on the one hand and the gas in the tank 1 on the other hand does not reach a value less than one first determined differential, the gas contained in the source storage 2 is heated via the reheating member 6. Preferably, this reheating is performed only when the pressure differential between the gas in the source storage 2 on the one hand and the gas in the reservoir 1 on the other hand is lower than said determined first differential. This first differential determined is for example between 50 and 250 bar and preferably between 100 and 200 bar. The heating of the gas contained in the source storage 2 may be provided to increase its temperature by a determined value, for example between 10 ° C. and 60 ° C. and preferably between 20 ° C. and 40 ° C., in particular 30 ° C. This reheating makes it possible to increase the pressure of the gas in the source storage 2 and thus makes it possible to maximize the pressure differential between the source 2 and the receiver reservoir 1. Indeed, as the pressure difference between the source storage 2 and the reservoir 1 is reduced (the pressure in the source reservoir decreases in favor of the tank 1), the inventors have determined that it is advantageous to heat the gas in the storage 2 source. Thus, the pressure differential can be increased, maintained or, failing that, its decrease can be minimized as long as possible to improve the filling efficiency. The final pressure in the source storage 2 (when warmed up) will be lower than that obtained in the processes of the prior art (without warming). That is to say that the tank 1 will be better filled (better filling efficiency for a given time) and the source storage 2 will be better used (better emptied). Of course, at the beginning of filling, especially when the pressure differential is large (greater than 200 bar for example), the gas can be cooled (for example via an exchanger 9 downstream of the regulating member 5 and / or via a heat exchange directly at the storage 2 source). This well-known cooling makes it possible to minimize the heating in the tank 1, especially at the beginning of filling when the expansion of the hydrogen produces a heating surplus effect by Joule Thomson effect in addition to the compression effect at the end of filling the tank 1 can tolerate a relatively hotter gas. In the case for example of a storage source 2 containing hydrogen gas at a pressure of 700 bar and a temperature of 15 ° C. Heating this gas up to 45 ° C (for example at constant density) makes it possible to reach a pressure of approximately 775 bar in the storage 2.
    [0004] The invention is particularly advantageous in the case where a compressor is used in the filling station because the need to use the compressor can be reduced. In addition, the heating of a coolant for cooling the gas can optionally be used to heat the storage 2 source.
    [0005] The method is particularly advantageous for relatively long fills that is to say having durations of between ten minutes and sixty minutes. The method can also be applied to fast fills (between two and ten minutes for example). Figure 2 schematically illustrates the effects of the invention with respect to the prior art. The curves in solid lines and with crosses represent the variation of pressure in the source storage 2 respectively without and with the heating according to the invention. The long and short discontinuous lines represent the pressure variation in the filled tank respectively without and with the reheating according to the invention. Thus, at the beginning of filling the source storage gas is cooled or no thermal action is performed on it. It may for example have been pre-cooled to a temperature of -30 ° C for example. The filling is initiated, the pressure in the source storage 2 decreases and that in the target tank 1 increases. When for example the pressure differential between the two containers is less than a threshold differential, for example of the order of 100 to 200 bar, the reheating of the gas in the source storage 2 can be achieved. The reheating may consist in achieving an increase of + 30 ° C with respect to the initial temperature, see with respect to the ambient temperature. For example, in the case of an ambient temperature between -20 ° C and + 40 ° C, the gas can be heated up to 70 ° C for example. The inventors are furthermore demonstrated that the solution described above can have advantages in terms of energy balance. Indeed, for a storage volume of 0.5m3 or more, reheating can reduce the use of a compressor. Depending on the conditions of the installation, the economic balance is positive when the duration of use of a compressor reaches a certain value (for example 120 seconds). Consider a filling station that delivers gas at the compressor outlet at a temperature of 30 ° C and is cooled downstream to a temperature of -40 ° C. If the gas in the source storage 2 is at 15 ° C and is heated to a temperature of 45 ° C, this means that the gas must be cooled from the temperature of 45 ° C to the temperature of -40 ° C . The energy consumption of the refrigeration unit is increased in this case by 1265kJ. According to the invention it is possible to reuse the calories dissipated at the cold block (exchanger 9) to heat the storage 2 source.
    [0006] For example, between 50% and 100% of the energy dissipated in the cooling block 9 can be recovered. In addition, other heat sources can be used within the filling station (compressors ...). Under particular conditions of a vehicle having a tank at a pressure of 100 bar and a storage 2 source storing hydrogen in a volume of 0.75m3 at a pressure of 855 bar, the heating of the gas storage 2 source to a temperature of 55 ° C would completely fill the tank by pressure balancing without using the compressor, unlike a solution without reheating. In general, the invention makes it possible to insert 0.3 kg of hydrogen in addition to the previous solution without reheating. This corresponds to approximately 25 to 30 seconds of compressor operation saved. To increase the economy of use of a compressor, the compressor could be started off-line (not from the beginning of filling).
    [0007] In particular conditions, for example, the operating time of the compressor initially 1.12 min could be reduced to 0.72 min for example. The invention makes it possible, for example, to reduce the size and the power of the compressor required. Thus, according to the conditions of use, the energetic gains of the invention are more or less important. Of course, the invention can be applied to any other type of gas than hydrogen. In addition, the invention can be applied to an installation (station) 10 using several storage sources 2 sources connected in parallel and used successively or simultaneously).
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Method for filling a reservoir (1) of gaseous hydrogen under pressure from at least one source storage (2) containing hydrogen gas under pressure at a first predetermined temperature and at a predetermined pressure greater than the pressure in the tank (1) to be filled, in which hydrogen is transferred from the source storage (2) to the tank (1) by pressure equalization via a filling circuit (3) having an upstream end connected to the storage (2). ) source and a downstream end connected to the reservoir (1), and wherein, the at least one storage (2) source is in heat exchange with a member (6) for heating the gas stored in the storage (2) source, characterized in that, during at least a portion of the hydrogen transfer from the source storage (2) to the reservoir (1), the gas contained in the source storage (2) is heated to a second predetermined temperature which is greater than the first temperature .
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating of the gas contained in the storage (2) source increases its temperature by a determined value between 10 ° C to 60 ° C and preferably between 20 ° C to 40 ° C ° C.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during the transfer of the hydrogen from the source storage (2) to the reservoir (1), when the pressure differential enters on the one hand the gas in the storage ( 2) source and, on the other hand, the gas in the tank (1), is less than a first determined differential, the gas contained in the storage (2) source is heated via the member (6) reheating.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the gas contained in the storage (2) source is reheated only when the differential pressure between the gas on the one hand in the storage (2) source and on the other hand the gas in the reservoir (1) is less than said first determined differential.
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the first differential determined is between 50 and 250 bar and preferably between 100 and 200 bar. 3 0 3 2 2 5 7 11
    [0006]
    6. Method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, during the transfer of hydrogen from the source storage (2) to the reservoir (1), when the pressure differential between on the one hand the In the storage (2) source and on the other hand, the gas in the tank (1) is higher than a determined second differential, the gas contained or withdrawn from the source storage (2) is cooled.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the cooling of the gas contained in the storage (2) source decreases its temperature from 10 ° C to 60 ° C and preferably from 20 ° C to 40 ° C. 10
    [0008]
    8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the gas in the storage (2) source has an initial pressure before filling and before reheating between 150 and 950 bar and in particular between 250 and 850 bar.
    [0009]
    9. A device for filling a reservoir (1) of hydrogen gas under pressure comprising at least one storage (2) source containing hydrogen gas under pressure at a first predetermined temperature and at a determined pressure, an organ ( 6) for heating the gas stored in the source storage (2), a filling circuit (3) having an upstream end connected to the source storage (2) and a downstream end removably connectable to the reservoir (1) to be filled, at least one member (5) for regulating the pressure and / or the flow rate of gas allowed to circulate in the circuit (3) from the storage (2) source to the reservoir (1), an electronic member (7) of acquisition, storage and data processing connected to the regulating member (5), also connected to the gas reheating member (6) stored in the source storage (2) and to a sensor (8) of the pressure in the reservoir (1), the electronic acquisition member (7), in stock and data processing being configured to control the rate and / or pressure of the gas in the filling circuit, characterized in that the electronic data acquisition, storage and processing member (7) is configured for controlling the heating of the gas contained in the source storage (2) to a determined second temperature which is greater than the first temperature during at least a portion of the hydrogen transfer from the source storage (2) to the reservoir (1).
    [0010]
    10. Filling device according to claim 9, characterized in that the member (6) for heating comprises a heat exchanger and / or a heat transfer fluid circuit in heat exchange with the reservoir (2) source.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    WO2016124838A1|2016-08-11|Method and device for filling a hydrogen tank
    US10473268B2|2019-11-12|Compressor unit and gas supply apparatus
    FR2963167A1|2012-01-27|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COOLING A MEANS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    WO2013014346A1|2013-01-31|Method for filling a tank with pressurised gas
    FR2960041A1|2011-11-18|Device for filling pressurized gas i.e. hydrogen, in tank of vehicle, has connecting circuit formed with compressor and selective cooling unit in upstream, where selective cooling unit selectively cools gas to be compressed
    EP3026246A1|2016-06-01|Energy recovery device with rankine cycle having a controlled cold source and vehicle provided with such a device, corresponding method for energy recovery
    US10480353B2|2019-11-19|Cryogenic power extraction
    FR2957406A1|2011-09-16|METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF REFRIGERATION IN PULSE LOAD
    FR2965128B1|2019-06-28|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANAGING A GENERATOR OF AN ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
    EP3152084B1|2017-12-20|Method of managing the power supply of electrical systems of a motor vehicle
    EP3400321B1|2019-11-27|System for producing dihydrogen, and associated method
    FR2927402A1|2009-08-14|METHOD FOR FILLING A RESERVOIR WITH HYDROGEN GAS UNDER PRESSURE
    EP3653922B1|2021-04-28|Device and method for filling pressurised gas vessels
    EP3601056B1|2021-09-08|Method for controlling a multi-engine bay, control system for a multi-engine bay and multi-engine bay
    FR3077235A1|2019-08-02|METHOD FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF A HABITACLE AND A DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY STORING A MOTOR VEHICLE
    FR2989147A1|2013-10-11|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILLING A PRESSURE GAS TANK
    FR2993640A1|2014-01-24|SUB-COOLING SYSTEM OF A COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
    EP3763990A1|2021-01-13|Device and method for filling tanks
    EP3559426A1|2019-10-30|Method for operating a cooling system for a hybrid electric vehicle comprising a liquid coolant transfer circuit
    EP3851731A1|2021-07-21|Station and method for filling tank|
    EP2634029A1|2013-09-04|Hybrid system including a system for storing pneumatic energy fitted on a motor vehicle
    FR3085999A1|2020-03-20|METHOD FOR PROTECTING AGAINST THE ENGAGEMENT OF A HEAT-CONDUCTIVE FLUID IN A COOLING SYSTEM OF A THERMAL ENGINE
    WO2020109607A1|2020-06-04|Device for generating gas in gaseous form from liquefied gas
    FR2975797A1|2012-11-30|CONTROL SYSTEM FOR MULTIVARIZABLE CONTROL OF FLAME THERMAL POWER PLANT
    EP3143349A2|2017-03-22|Method and device for liquefying methane
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CA2975581A1|2016-08-11|
    FR3032257B1|2017-07-14|
    CN107208840B|2019-05-31|
    JP2018505360A|2018-02-22|
    EP3254015A1|2017-12-13|
    WO2016124838A1|2016-08-11|
    US10451219B2|2019-10-22|
    JP6692824B2|2020-05-13|
    CN107208840A|2017-09-26|
    US20180023763A1|2018-01-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP1935844A1|2005-09-07|2008-06-25|Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha|Hydrogen supply apparatus and fuel gas supply apparatus|
    US20100307636A1|2009-06-09|2010-12-09|Honda Motor Co., Ltd.|Hydrogen filling apparatus and hydrogen filling method|
    US20130305744A1|2012-05-21|2013-11-21|General Electric Company|Cng delivery system with cryocooler and method of supplying purified cng|
    FR3006742A1|2013-06-05|2014-12-12|Air Liquide|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FILLING A TANK|EP3851731A1|2020-01-20|2021-07-21|L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude|Station and method for filling tank|JP4050019B2|2001-08-09|2008-02-20|本田技研工業株式会社|Boil-off gas processing equipment|
    JP4753696B2|2005-11-29|2011-08-24|本田技研工業株式会社|Hydrogen filling device|
    JP4760353B2|2005-12-14|2011-08-31|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Liquid hydrogen tank remaining amount detection system|
    JP4803602B2|2007-02-06|2011-10-26|株式会社日本製鋼所|Hydrogen filling device|
    FR2919375B1|2007-07-23|2009-10-09|Air Liquide|METHOD FOR FILLING A PRESSURIZED GAS IN A RESERVOIR|
    DE102009019275A1|2008-10-09|2010-04-15|Linde Aktiengesellschaft|Refueling vehicles with pressurized gaseous media|
    NO330021B1|2009-02-11|2011-02-07|Statoil Asa|Installations for storage and supply of compressed gas|
    DE102009039645A1|2009-09-01|2011-03-10|Linde Aktiengesellschaft|Filling storage containers with compressed media|US11015763B2|2016-02-23|2021-05-25|Tokico System Solutions, Ltd.|Expansion turbine and compressor-type high-pressure hydrogen filling system and control method for same|
    FR3088701B1|2018-11-15|2020-10-23|Air Liquide|INSTALLATION AND METHOD OF FILLING PRESSURIZED GAS TANKS|
    CN112283577A|2020-11-04|2021-01-29|太原理工大学|Vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen grading filling system|
    法律状态:
    2016-02-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-08-05| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160805 |
    2017-02-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-02-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2022-02-16| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1550847A|FR3032257B1|2015-02-04|2015-02-04|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILLING HYDROGEN RESERVOIR|FR1550847A| FR3032257B1|2015-02-04|2015-02-04|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILLING HYDROGEN RESERVOIR|
    CA2975581A| CA2975581A1|2015-02-04|2016-01-28|Method and device for filling a hydrogen tank|
    CN201680006714.0A| CN107208840B|2015-02-04|2016-01-28|The method and apparatus for filling hydrogen gas tank|
    US15/548,989| US10451219B2|2015-02-04|2016-01-28|Method and device for filling a hydrogen tank|
    EP16707847.6A| EP3254015A1|2015-02-04|2016-01-28|Method and device for filling a hydrogen tank|
    JP2017538675A| JP6692824B2|2015-02-04|2016-01-28|Method and device for filling hydrogen tank|
    PCT/FR2016/050178| WO2016124838A1|2015-02-04|2016-01-28|Method and device for filling a hydrogen tank|
    [返回顶部]