• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This installation for supplying a combustion chamber with at least one combustible fluid comprises at least one fuel-fuel combustion chamber supply circuit (2) and at least one circuit purge circuit (3). power supply connected to a purge air source and to said supply circuit and provided with at least two isolation valves (V1, V2) delimiting between them a cavity (C). It comprises means (5) for injecting water into the cavity, comprising a circuit (7) for supplying water and a circuit (8) for emptying the cavity.
    公开号:FR3030628A1
    申请号:FR1463235
    申请日:2014-12-23
    公开日:2016-06-24
    发明作者:Pierre Montagne
    申请人:GE Energy Products France SNC；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates generally to systems for the supply of a combustion chamber, in particular a gas turbine, to the injection of water into a cavity of a purge circuit. fuel for combustion chamber, in particular for gas turbine combustion chamber. As is known, gas turbines conventionally comprise a compressor, one or more combustion chambers and an expansion turbine. The combustion chamber or chambers are supplied with gaseous fuel by means of a feed circuit to be mixed with pressurized hot air leaving the compressor. The fuel supply system advantageously allows the combustion chambers to be fed from several types of fuels, for example natural gas, liquid fuel or synthesis gas or "syngas". The supply circuit must also allow the regulation of power parameters from the fuel source to the combustion chambers. In particular, it involves regulating the pressure, temperature and fuel flow. In order to allow the transport and transfer to the gas turbine of various types of fuels, to regulate pressure, temperature and flow conditions, the fuel system is equipped with a number of valves insulation and flow control and cooling and filtration systems. It is furthermore necessary for the supply circuit to be capable of separating portions of the circuit, for example from cavities, so as to avoid any contact between the hot air and the gaseous fuel sources in order to avoid self-ignition. fuel and the creation of explosive mixtures.
    [0002] In particular, a gas turbine can operate with two types of fuels. For example, a first fuel is natural gas and a second fuel is syngas. Each fuel circuit, when not in use, can be purged with hot air typically taken from the compressor outlet of the turbine. In order to isolate each fuel circuit from this hot air, a double-type cavity designated by the term "block and bleed" is generally used. Furthermore, after the use of a fuel circuit, it should be purged beforehand with an inert gas, for example dinitrogen, before the introduction of the hot air sweep, and this, in order to avoid the creation an explosive mixture. For example, if the circuit of the second fuel is cut, so that following a fuel change no fuel flows in the latter, it is then purged the supply circuit of the second fuel with hot air. During this purge phase, a flow of hot air is maintained to the passages in the injectors provided for the second fuel to prevent the occurrence of condensate and limit the risk of gas return from the combustion chamber to the supply circuit. When the valves controlling the supply of fuel or hot air purge are closed, there remains a risk that, in some cases, leakage occurs through the cavities formed by the isolation valves, thus causing a risk of contact between hot air purge, whose temperature can reach 500 ° C, and fuel. The document US 2013/031 8993 provides in this regard to provide the supply circuit and the purge circuit control valves which delimit between them, in the supply circuit and in the purge circuit, cavities and use vents, in particular in the cavity of the purge circuit, so that hot air leaks are evacuated to the outside, thereby avoiding any risk of self-ignition of the fuel.
    [0003] It has also been proposed in US 2013/0 074 945 to provide leak separation using an inert gas, such as nitrogen, to separate cavities containing different gases. A pressure regulating valve makes it possible to test the pressure of the inert gas in the separation cavity, in order to compensate for the fuel pressure variations, and thus to avoid any suppression in the cavity of inert gas which can cause leaks. Reference may also be made to document US 2013/0167 935, which describes an installation for feeding a combustion chamber of a gas turbine equipped with a purge circuit for the combustion chamber and a cavity of the combustion chamber. supply circuit, by means of a flow of inert gas. In the state of the art, the solutions using inert gases to ensure the separation between the fuel and a hot purge air consist in filling a cavity delimited by two isolation valves at a predetermined and adjustable pressure in order to compensate for the variations. fuel pressure and hot air purge.
    [0004] The pressure level of the inert gases is advantageously chosen so as to be greater than the maximum pressure value of the history of the fuel or hot air pressures, which leads to disadvantages related to the high level of inert gas pressure. in the cavity, for example it is necessary to use an expensive compression system. This also causes a high consumption of inert gas caused by leakage through the isolation valve. This also requires being able to control other factors that can affect the level of fuel pressure and hot air purge, such as the ambient temperature and the level of load of the turbine. This technique also imposes requirements for the storage of high pressure inert gas. It should also be noted that the maintenance of the isolation valves of the fuel supply circuit is essential to the operational efficiency of the gas turbine and to the safety of the supply circuit. Thus, a leaking valve is likely to cause stopping of the turbine or to cause a dangerous mixture of fuel with other fluids present in the supply circuit or in the purge circuit, or in the control circuit. To date, the check of the good functioning of the valves is carried out essentially by physical inspection or by tests of pressurization. Such inspections are expensive because they require putting the turbine out of service. Although other control methods allow the testing of valves in line, these control methods require modification of the turbine circuit and installation of bypass or bypass in order to continue the continuous supply of the chambers. of combustion. In view of the foregoing, the invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and, in particular, to provide an installation for supplying a combustion chamber, in particular a gas turbine, making it possible to reduce the gas requirements. inert without requiring to provide checks of the proper operation of the isolation valves at an increased frequency. The invention thus relates to an installation for supplying a combustion chamber with at least one combustible fluid, comprising at least one combustion fluid supplying circuit of the combustion chamber and at least one circuit purging circuit. power supply connected to a relatively hot air source and said supply circuits and provided with at least two isolation valves delimiting between them a cavity in said purge circuit. This installation comprises means for injecting water into the cavity comprising a water supply circuit and a cavity emptying circuit. Also, by injecting water between the supply circuit and the purge air source, between the two isolation valves of the purge circuit, it avoids any contact between the fuel and the purge air, which would be likely to cause ignition of the fuel and the creation of explosive mixtures. According to another characteristic of the supply installation, the cavity is provided with at least one vent opening outwardly of the installation. This cavity may be provided with two vents placed respectively on the side of the isolation valves. Advantageously, in this case, the cavity comprises a profile comprising two slopes converging towards the means for injecting water into the cavity, said slopes each extending from one of the vents. According to another characteristic of the feed installation, it comprises means for detecting the water level in the vents and in the cavity emptying circuit.
    [0005] It is also possible to provide a second purge circuit of the supply circuit for a source of inert gas. The invention also relates to an installation for supplying a combustion chamber of a gas turbine. It also relates to a method for supplying a combustion chamber with at least one combustible fluid, in which the combustion chamber is supplied with combustible fluid by means of a feed installation comprising at least one supplying the combustion chamber with combustible fluid and at least one purge circuit of the supply circuits connected to a source of purge air and to said supply circuits and provided with at least two isolation valves delimiting between them a cavity. According to this method, water is injected into the cavity. In one embodiment, when the supply of fuel fluid is cut off, the cavity is emptied and then the cavity is dried by means of the purge air supply circuit. On the other hand, when the supply of combustible fluid is cut off, the supply circuit is purged by means of a second purge circuit connected to a source of inert gas.
    [0006] Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, and with reference to the appended figures in which: FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment a fuel supply system of a combustion chamber according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a table showing the position of control valves of the installation, as a function of the operating phases of the installation of FIG. 1.
    [0007] Referring firstly to Figure 1 which schematically illustrates a first embodiment of a fuel supply system of a combustion chamber according to the invention. In the exemplary embodiment envisaged, in the context of the present description, the installation is intended for feeding a combustion chamber of a gas turbine. It is more particularly to avoid any contact between a hot purge air from the compressor and a gaseous fuel delivered to the injectors I of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. As seen in FIG. 1, the supply installation comprises a supply circuit 2 connected to a source of fuel, for example a gaseous fuel, such as natural gas, liquid fuel or synthesis gas or "Syngaz" for supplying the injectors I of the combustion chamber with fuel. The supply circuit 2 here comprises a supply line connected to a corresponding power source (not shown). Of course, it is not beyond the scope of the invention when the supply circuit comprises several supply lines connected to various types of fuel sources. The installation further comprises a purge circuit 3 which is connected to a source of hot air purge here constituted by the compressor of the gas turbine. This purge circuit is intended to continuously scan with hot air from the compressor the supply circuit and the injectors in order to purge the circuit, to avoid the appearance of condensate and to avoid backflow of gas. the combustion chamber to the supply circuit 2. It will also be seen that the supply circuit 2 is provided with a second circuit 4 for purging the supply circuit. This second purge circuit is connected to a source of inert gas and is used before the operation of the purge circuit 3 with hot air, so as to avoid any contact between the fuel and the hot air from the compressor. As can be seen, the fuel supply circuit 2, the hot air purge circuit 3 and the inert gas purge circuit 4 are each provided with a set of isolation valves, such as V1, V2, V3 and V4 controlled by a remote control unit ensuring the implementation of supply and purge phases. Thus, the valve 4 of the supply circuit 2 is controlled at the opening to cause the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber, the valve 3 of the second purge circuit is controlled at the opening to cause purging of the circuit 2, after stopping the fuel supply and the valves V1 and V2 of the purge circuit 3 to the hot air are controlled at the opening to purge the supply circuit and the injectors. The purge circuit 3 is thus provided with two isolation valves V1 and V2 which are provided to prevent contact between the hot purge air and the fuel, during the normal operation of the installation and, in particular, during the installation. supply of the combustion chamber with fuel. The valves V1 and V2 delimit between them a cavity C, that is to say a portion of circuit isolating the hot air supply line or lines and the fuel supply line or lines. As indicated above, due in particular to the sizing of the valves in a gas turbine power supply plant, it has been found that there may still be potential gas leaks through the valves, even when closed, and in particular in the valves V1 and V2.
    [0008] In order to avoid any risk of bringing the hot purge air into contact with the fuel in the cavity C, the installation is provided with a water supply circuit 5 intended to fill the cavity C with water when the valves V1 and V2 are closed and the valve V4 of the fuel supply circuit 2 is open. The water supply circuit comprises a main pipe 5 opening into the cavity C, a first secondary pipe 7 which communicates with a source of water and a second secondary pipe 8 which opens into a drain for the evacuation of water before the implementation of a purge phase with hot air. The two secondary ducts 7 and 8 are each provided with valves V5 and V6 and communicate with the main duct 5. Furthermore, it can be seen that the main duct opens into the cavity C preferably in its central zone, that is to say located substantially in the middle of valves V1 and V2, thus delimiting, on either side, two half-cavities C1 and C2. Of course, it is not beyond the scope of the invention if the water injection lines and the drain are independent and do not open to a common main line 5.
    [0009] The installation is completed by two vents 9 and 10 each comprising two gas discharge lines Li and L2 connected to the cavity C in the vicinity of the two valves V1 and V2, respectively, and two valves V7 and V8 that can be controlled. by the control unit to allow evacuation of gases to the outside. These can be either gaseous fuel leaks through the valve V2, or hot air purge leaks, through the valve Vl. Finally, LG, LA and LD water level sensors can detect the water level in the vents 9 and 10 and in the water supply circuit. These sensors are provided on the one hand immediately upstream of the valves V7 and V8, with regard to the vents 9 and 10, and in the main line 5 of the water supply circuit.
    [0010] Reference will now be made to FIG. 2 which illustrates the operation of the installation which has just been described during the hot air purge and during the filling of the cavity. As indicated above, during normal operation of the installation, that is to say when the injectors I are fueled, the valve V4 of the supply circuit 2 is open (state 0). The valves V1 and V2 of the hot air purge circuit 3 are closed (state F) and the valve V3 of the second inert gas purge circuit is closed. During this phase, the cavity C is filled with water.
    [0011] The valve V6 of the secondary pipe 7 is closed, the valve V5 of the second secondary pipe 8 is closed as well. The valves V7 and V8 of the vents 9 and 10 are open. As can be seen in FIG. 1, two slopes P and P 'are advantageously provided in the cavities C1 and C2, oriented in a downward direction towards the water supply zone and thus preventing the propagation of the potential fuel leaks. direction of the valve V1 and V2. Thus, the fuel leaks likely to appear through the valve V2 are evacuated by the first vent 9 located in the immediate vicinity of this valve and at the high point of the half cavity C2, while the leakage of hot air purge susceptible to appear through the other valve V1 are discharged through the vent 10 located in the immediate vicinity of the valve V1 and the high point of the second half cavity C1.
    [0012] It will be noted that even if gaseous fuel and purge air are brought into contact, the gaseous fuel / hot air mixture operates at a relatively low temperature because of the cooling caused by the water filling the cavity, for example at room temperature, that is to say at a temperature much lower than the self-ignition temperature of the gaseous fuel which is, with respect to methane, 570 ° C at ambient pressure. In any case, this mixture is carried out in the cavity filled with water preventing the ignition of the mixture.
    [0013] After stopping the supply of gaseous fuel, the valve V3 is opened to purge the supply circuit 2. During this purge phase of the supply circuit 2 to the inert gas is proceeded to the emptying of the cavity C When emptying the cavity, the valve V5 of the drain is opened. When the sensor LD no longer indicates the presence of water in the cavity, the purge of the supply circuit 2 with inert gas being still in progress, ie the valve V3 being open, the procedure is carried out. closing vents V7 and V8 and opening valve V2 of the purge air circuit. This step constitutes an inert gas "drying" phase of the half cavity C2. Similarly, in order to carry out the "drying" with hot air of the half-cavity C1, the valve V2 is closed and the valve Vl is opened. The two drying steps can be for example between 5 and 30 seconds. The cavity C is now drained and dried, it closes the valve V5 and the opening of the valve V2, the valve V1 remains open. This final state corresponds to the continuous sweeping of the hot air injectors which are not fueled.
    [0014] As can be seen in FIG. 2, during this phase, the valves V1 and V2 are open. The other valves V3, V4, V5, V6, V7 and V8 are closed. When the continuous sweep phase is stopped for example at the request of the operator, and it is desired to supply the combustion chambers with fuel via line 2, the procedure is as described above with a first phase of purging the pipe. 2 to the inert gas and then filling the cavity C with water.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Installation for supplying a combustion chamber with at least one combustible fluid, comprising at least one circuit (2) for supplying the combustion chamber with combustible fluid and at least one circuit (3) for purging the combustion circuit. power supply connected to a source of purge air and to said supply circuits and provided with at least two isolation valves (V1, V2) delimiting between them a cavity (C), characterized in that it comprises means (5) water injection into the cavity, comprising a circuit (7) for supplying water and a circuit (8) for emptying the cavity.
    [0002]
    2. Installation according to claim 1, wherein the cavity is provided with at least one vent (V7, V8) opening outwardly of the installation.
    [0003]
    3. Installation according to claim 2, wherein the cavity is provided with two vents placed respectively on the side of the isolation valves.
    [0004]
    4. Installation according to claim 3, wherein the cavity comprises a profile comprising at least one slope (P) converging towards the water injection means in the cavity, said slope extending from one of the vents .
    [0005]
    5. Installation according to any one of claims 2 to 4, comprising means (LG, LA, LD) for detecting the water level in the vents and in the emptying circuit of the cavity.
    [0006]
    6. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a second circuit (4) for purging the supply circuit connected to a source of inert gas.
    [0007]
    7. Combustion chamber supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for supplying a gas turbine combustion chamber.
    [0008]
    8. A method of supplying a combustion chamber with at least one combustible fluid, in which the combustion chamber is supplied with combustible fluid by means of a feed installation comprising at least one feed circuit (2). combustion chamber combustion chamber and at least one circuit (3) for purging the supply circuits connected to a source of purge air and to said supply circuit and having at least two valves (V1, V2) insulation delimiting between them a cavity (C), characterized in that water is injected into the cavity.
    [0009]
    9. The method of claim 8, wherein when the fuel fluid supply is cut, the cavity is drained and then the cavity is dried by means of the purge air supply circuit.
    [0010]
    The method of claim 8, wherein when the fuel fluid supply is shut off, the supply circuit is purged by means of a second purge circuit connected to a source of inert gas.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
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    US20160177879A1|2016-06-23|
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2015-11-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-06-24| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160624 |
    2016-11-16| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-09-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-11-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-10-06| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-11-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1463235A|FR3030628B1|2014-12-23|2014-12-23|INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING A COMBUSTION CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR A GAS TURBINE, WITH WATER INJECTION IN A CAVITY OF A PURGE CIRCUIT|FR1463235A| FR3030628B1|2014-12-23|2014-12-23|INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING A COMBUSTION CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR A GAS TURBINE, WITH WATER INJECTION IN A CAVITY OF A PURGE CIRCUIT|
    US14/966,578| US20160177879A1|2014-12-23|2015-12-11|Method and system for a gas turbine engine purge circuit water injection|
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