![]() ELECTRONIC DEVICE ASSOCIATED WITH A PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE FOR OPTIMIZING THE FLOW OF A VLC TYPE BIDIRE
专利摘要:
A bidirectional wireless communication device based on the use of light comprising at least: (a) one or more transmission modules (10), each transmission module (10) being composed of: - a light source (9) powered by a control means (6) and emitting modulated light (1) in amplitude and / or in phase; - a control means (6) which generates an electrical signal from the digital / analog conversion of the source data (2) to be transmitted; (b) a receiving module (20) composed of: - a photodetector (11) illuminated by said modulated light (1) and generating a modulated electrical signal (14,15) in response to said modulated light (1); - A processing module (12) of the signal generated by said photodetector (11) adapted to communicate with the control means (6) via the return channel (17). Said wireless communication device is characterized in that the receiving module (20) further comprises an electronic means (13) located between the photodetector (11) and the signal processing module (12) and able to adapt the impedance of the photodetector (11) to maximize the data rate transmitted (18). 公开号:FR3029373A1 申请号:FR1402737 申请日:2014-12-02 公开日:2016-06-03 发明作者:Franck Aveline;Emilie Bialic;Nicolas Chaumont 申请人:Sunpartner Technologies SAS; IPC主号:
专利说明:
[0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to communication devices using visible or invisible light (IR and UV), in the context of the invention. optimization of the data transmission rate. State of the art Visible light communication devices (VLC or LiFi, respectively acronyms of "Visible Light Communication" and "Light Fidelity") use visible light to transmit information between two distant points. Visible light communication systems generally comprise one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) forming a transmitting means and a photodetector forming a receiving means. The LED provides a light signal in the visible whose intensity is modulated according to the data to be transmitted. LED luminaires have the advantage of enabling the dual function of lighting and data transmission. Their physical characteristics make it possible to consider data transmission rates of the order of one gigabit per second (Gbit / s). Such a communication system is advantageous in that most of the photodetectors associated with an information processing system making it possible to analyze the variation of the amplitude of the received light signal and which can be used as reception means can be used as reception means. deduce the transmitted signal. There are several types of modulations used to transmit, from LEDs, data that can be received by a photodetector, for example: a modulation of the nonzero mean luminous intensity, the modulation used can then be of NRZ type (acronym for "Non-Return-to-Zero"). It is a two-state coding, the signal is in a state (for example in the high state) when logical 1 is transmitted, and in the other state (in the low state for example) when 0 logic is transmitted. The photodetector then transcribes the intensity of the received light signal into an electrical signal corresponding to the shape of the electrical signal which controls the light source. a modulation of the intensity at zero average with the addition of a polarization current enabling the lighting function. The modulation used is of the OFDM type (acronym for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) applied to LiFi. It allows the control of the illumination via the bias current, the addition of OFDM signal to zero average does not change the level of illumination. This means that the photodetector then transcribes the variations of the intensity of the received light signal. The photodetector is chosen so that there is no saturation of said detector related to the intensity of the incident light, for example that of the sun or that of the LED. If the objective is to realize simultaneously the functions of lighting and data transmission, it is necessary on the one hand to polarize the module of LEDs from a direct current (continuous component or DC), and other to modulate the intensity of the LED module from a time to zero average analog signal (AC or AC component). This is why the OFDM LiFi technology is suitable for this type of dual function. [0002] A conventional LiFi communication device based on LEDs comprises: a data source (internet for example); a specific electronic module for encoding the data of the digital signal into an analog signal; an LED module; in the case of the light / transmission function, a specific control means for adding the bias voltage (or current) and the analog signal containing the data to be transmitted; a photodetector capable of detecting the modulated light signal and transforming it into an electrical signal; a signal processing module capable of exploiting the electrical signal generated by the photodetector. Photovoltaic modules are photodetectors capable of transcribing a modulated light signal into a modulated electrical signal, that is to say corresponding to the variations in light intensity and assumed representative of the shape of the electrical signal that controls the light source. A communication system using photovoltaic modules as a reception means is advantageous in that it makes it possible to overcome the polarization (and therefore of an energy supply) of the photodetector and also makes it possible to envisage bringing energy to the electronic components constituting said receiving means, for example to the signal processing module. In general, photovoltaic modules are optimized to produce the maximum energy by means of impedance matching. The literature proposes a large number of solutions on the control algorithm performing a search of the maximum power point (commonly called MPPT, acronym for "Maximum Power Point Tracking") when the photovoltaic module and the load are connected through a static converter. . The I-V (Voltage Intensity) characteristic of the photovoltaic module depends on the level of illumination, the temperature and the aging of said module. However, this l-V characteristic, when the light is modulated, is also a function of the frequency, the type of modulation and the depth of the associated modulation. In order to extract at each instant the best modulated signal, it is necessary to introduce an impedance matching stage between the photovoltaic module and the signal processing module in order to couple the two elements as perfectly as possible; but the known devices for impedance matching are not suitable (because they are designed to extract the maximum power), and therefore do not give satisfactory results in terms of faithful translation of the modulated light signal received by the photovoltaic module. [0003] When the load impedance of a photovoltaic module is not optimized, the analog electrical signal generated by the photovoltaic module is either too deformed for the information it contains to be processed, or too weak to be modulated by the signal processing module. [0004] Object of the invention The main purpose of the invention is to describe an electronic device which makes it possible to increase the quality and the level of the electrical signal generated by a photovoltaic module which is illuminated by a modulated light. This allows on the one hand to transmit data by this communication mode (VLC) by minimizing the distortion of the received signal and secondly to dynamically adapt the electrical response of the photovoltaic module according to the frequency characteristics. and / or modulation of the lights it receives, in order to increase the bit rate of the transmitted data. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is a bidirectional wireless communication device based on the use of light, as well as several methods of impedance matching of said device. The bidirectional wireless communication device according to the invention comprises at least 30: (a) one or more transmission modules, each transmission module being composed of: a light source powered by a control means and emitting amplitude-modulated and / or phase-modulated light; control means which generates an electrical signal resulting from the digital / analog conversion of the source data to be transmitted; (b) a receiving module composed of: a photodetector illuminated by said modulated light and generating a modulated electrical signal in response to said modulated light; a signal processing module generated by said photodetector able to communicate with the control means via a return channel; Said wireless communication device is characterized in that the receiving module further comprises an electronic means located between the photodetector and the signal processing module and capable of adapting the impedance of the photodetector to maximize the data rate transmitted. . [0005] According to various embodiments of the device, said photodetector is a photovoltaic module capable of producing an electric charging or supply current. According to various embodiments of the device, the electronic means capable of adapting the impedance of the photodetector comprises: physical components of variable values, such as capacitors, inductances and / or resistors; an electronic module for managing said physical components. According to an alternative embodiment, the electrical signal generated by the control module 20 may comprise a DC component and an AC component. According to different embodiments of the device, the modulated light may be an incoherent or coherent light emitted respectively by a light source such as a light emitting diode or a laser diode. According to a further alternative embodiment of the device, said modulated light can be emitted by the light source in wavelength ranges corresponding to visible, ultraviolet and / or infra-red. According to an alternative embodiment, the source data may be a reference signal or communication data. In another particular embodiment, the visible light communication device according to the invention comprises a plurality of transmission modules which emit modulated lights with different modulation characteristics, the photodetector being integrated with a moving object which receives successively one or the other of said modulated lights and having an impedance matching electronic means adapted to maximize the data rate transmitted by each of said transmission modules. According to a first example of an impedance matching method of the photodetector of the wireless communication device according to the invention, the procedure is as follows: (a) the communication is initialized; (b) an initial impedance value is set by the electronic means, said value being a function of the nature of the photodetector; (c) setting a criterion representative of the quality of the received electrical signal acceptable for the communication, termed acceptable quality criterion; (d) adjusting the impedance of the photodetector in successive increments so as to maximize the criterion representative of the level of the electric signal received, as long as the criterion representative of the quality of the electrical signal received is better than the criterion of acceptable quality; (E) transmitting the modulated light signal containing the communication data. According to a second example of an impedance matching method of the photodetector of the wireless communication device according to the invention, the procedure is as follows: (a) the communication is initialized; (b) an initial impedance value is set by the electronic means, said value being a function of the nature of the photodetector; (c) adjusting the impedance of the photodetector in successive increments so as to improve the criterion representative of the quality of the electrical signal received, said best criterion representative of the quality of the electrical signal received being called quality criterion optimized at a defined impedance as a pre-optimized impedance; (d) adjusting the pre-optimized impedance of the photodetector in successive increments so as to maximize the criterion representative of the level of the electrical signal received, as long as the criterion representative of the quality of said received electrical signal is better than the quality criterion optimized; (e) transmitting the modulated light signal containing the communication data. In a particular embodiment of said impedance matching methods, the initialization of the communication comprises transmitting via the transmission module a header signal associated with a known reference signal of the receiving module. [0006] In another particular embodiment of said impedance matching methods, the criterion representative of the quality of the transmitted signal is a characteristic of the Fourier transform, a bit error rate, a frame error rate or a rate. packet error message transmitted. [0007] Similarly, the criterion representing the level of the transmitted signal is a signal-to-noise ratio, a peak-peak amplitude, a maximum amplitude or a minimum amplitude of the transmitted signal. [0008] Finally, adjusting the impedance of the photodetector in successive increments so as to achieve a target criterion comprises steps of: (a) selecting an incrementation step; (b) measuring the criteria representative of the quality or the level of the received electrical signal respectively obtained for the reference signal, for the received signal at an impedance equal to the initial impedance plus the incrementation step and for the received signal at an impedance equal to the initial impedance minus the step of incrementation; (c) comparing the criteria representative of the quality or the level of the electric signal received two by two, by setting an impedance value corresponding to the target criterion and taking as a new reference signal the electrical signal received with said value of 20; impedance; (d) repeating the steps of measuring and comparing bit error rates or signal-to-noise ratios by an iterative method, until the target criterion is reached by the electrical reference signal. The invention will be better understood with the aid of its detailed description, in connection with the figures, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagram of the bidirectional wireless communication device object of the invention; FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are screen reproductions of an oscilloscope which displays the curves representative of the AC component of the electrical signal emitted by the control module and the electrical signal generated by a photovoltaic module, for different values of impedance; Figure 3 is a block diagram of an impedance matching method of the photovoltaic module of the wireless communication device object of the invention; FIG. 4 illustrates a particular embodiment of the device that is the subject of the invention, in which the reception module is integrated with a mobile object that successively receives a plurality of lights modulated from different light sources. [0009] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring to Figure 1, which is a diagram of the bidirectional wireless communication device object of the invention. This device comprises a transmission module 10 and a reception module 20. The transmission module 10 makes it possible to encode digital source data 2, for example from the internet, to transmit them in the form of a light 1 modulated in amplitude and / or in phase. For this purpose, the light source 9, such as a light-emitting diode, is powered by a control means 6 which generates an electrical signal generally comprising a DC component 7 and an AC component 8. The DC component 7 serves to bias said 9 to achieve the lighting function, and the AC component 8 is derived from the digital / analog conversion of the source data 2. The receiving module 20 is composed of a photodetector such as a photovoltaic module 11 which transforms the modulated light 1 modulated electrical signal 14, an electronic means 13 for adapting the impedance of the photovoltaic module 11, as well as a processing module 12 of the electrical signal 15. The processing module 12 of the electrical signal 15 is able to communicate with the control means 6 of the transmission module 10 via the return channel 17, and with the management member of the electronic means 13 of the impedance matching via channel 16. The role of the electronic means 13 is to adapt the impedance of the photovoltaic module 11 which plays on the quality and the level of the electrical signal 15 in order to maximize the flow rate of the transmitted data 18, FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are screen reproductions of an oscilloscope which displays the representative curves of the AC component 8 of the electrical signal emitted by the control module 6 at a frequency of 1 kHz and the electrical signal generated by the module. photovoltaic 11 for different impedance values adjusted via the electronic means 13. FIGS. 2a and 2b show two cases where the impedance matching is not optimized. The electrical signal 15a is deformed and its amplitude is too small for the signal processing module 12 to be able to detect it (FIG. 2a). The quality and the level of the signal are therefore not acceptable for the communication to take place. The electrical signal 15b is not deformed, but its amplitude is too small for the signal processing module 12 to detect (Figure 2b). In this case, it is the signal level that limits the communication. Figure 2c shows an optimized impedance matching, with an electrical signal 15c whose quality and level are good. This last configuration makes it possible to maximize the data transmission rate 18. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an impedance matching method of the photovoltaic module of the wireless communication device which is the subject of the invention. To make it easier to understand the description of FIG. 3, the bit error rate or the packet error rate, which is sought to be minimized in this example, is taken as quality criterion (QC) of the received signal. . The signal-to-noise ratio is also taken as level criterion (CN). The impedance matching method comprises the following steps: 1. Initializing the communication; 2. Initialization of the system by: a. choosing the initial value of the IM impedance of the photovoltaic module defined by the impedance matching software, in particular as a function of the nature of the photodetector and the type of modulation; b. defining an acceptable quality criterion CQ_Acc according to the parameters of the communication such as the bit rate, the type of modulation or the illumination; vs. measuring a signal level criterion CN_Ref for the received reference signal with an initial impedance of 1M; d. choosing the step of incrementation P, whose value may be real or imaginary; 3. Impedance matching algorithm comprising the steps of: a. Initialization of impedance matching; i. Initialization of the value IM_1 equal to the value IM + P; D Measure of CN_1 (corresponding to the value of IM_1) - Measure of CQ_1 (corresponding to the value of IM_1) Initialization of the value IM_2 equal to the value 1M-P; - Measure of CN_2 (corresponding to the value of IM_2) D Measure of CQ_2 (corresponding to the value of IM_2) b. Impedance matching; i. If CQ_Acc> min (CQ_1, CQ_2) D If CN_1> CN_ref and CQ_1 <CQ_Acc - initialization * of IM_3 = IM_1 + P Measurement of CN_3 and CQ_3 - If CN_1 <CN_3 and CQ_3 <CQ_Acc Then 1M_1 = IM_3 and CN_1 = CN_3 and the process resumes at the initialization step * of the value IM_3 = IM_1 + P - If CN_1> CN_3 and CQ_3 <CQ_Acc Then the impedance is optimized and has the value IM_1 If CQ_3> CQ_Acc Then the impedance is optimized and has the value IM_1> If CN_2> CN_Ref and CQ_2 <CQ_Acc - Initialization ** of the value IM_3 = IM_2 + P Measurements of the value CN_3 and CQ_3 - If CN_2 <CN_3 and CQ_3 <CQ_Acc Then IM_2 = IM_3 and CN_2 = CN_3 and the process resumes at the initialization step ** of the value IM_3 = IM_2 + P - If CN_2> CN_3 and CQ_3 <CQ_Acc Then the impedance is optimized and has the value 1M_2 - If CQ_3> CQ_Acc Then the impedance is optimized and has the value 1M_2 - Otherwise the optimized impedance is 1M ii. If CQ_Acc <min (CQ_1, CQ_2) - The impedance is optimized and the value of this impedance is equal to IM FIG. 4 illustrates a particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention, in which the reception module 20 is integrated in a moving object which successively receives, during its displacements, several modulated lights (1a, 1b, 1c) coming from different transmission modules (10a, 10b, 10c) and whose frequency and / or phase modulation can be different. This illustrates the capacity of the receiving module 20, thanks to the impedance matching function of the photovoltaic module 11, to universally decode source data transmitted by different transmission modules (10a, 10b, 10c). Advantages of the invention Ultimately the invention responds well to the goals set by improving the quality and the level of the signal received by a photodetector, which makes it possible to increase the data transmission rates and / or to be able to decode successively information transmitted by different emission modules.5
权利要求:
Claims (14) [0001] CLAIMS1 - Bidirectional wireless communication device based on the use of light comprising at least: (c) one or more transmission modules (10), each transmission module (10) being composed of: - a source light source (9) fed by control means (6) and emitting modulated light (1) in amplitude and / or in phase; control means (6) which generates an electrical signal derived from the digital / analogue conversion of the source data (2) to be transmitted; (d) a receiving module (20) composed of: - a photodetector (11) illuminated by said modulated light (1) and generating a modulated electrical signal (14,15) in response to said modulated light (1); - a processing module (12) of the signal generated by said photodetector (11) 15 adapted to communicate with the control means (6) via the return channel (17); said wireless communication device being characterized in that the receiving module (20) further comprises an electronic means (13) located between the photodetector (11) and the signal processing module (12) and capable of adapting the impedance of the photodetector (11) to maximize the data rate transmitted (18). 20 [0002] 2 - wireless communication device according to claim 1, characterized in that said photodetector (11) is a photovoltaic module capable of producing an electric charge or supply current. 25 [0003] 3 - wireless communication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said electronic means (13) capable of adapting the impedance of the photodetector (11) comprises: - physical components of variable values, such as capacities, inductances and / or resistances; An electronic module for managing said physical components. [0004] 4 - wireless communication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical signal generated by said control module (6) comprises a DC component (7) and an AC component (8). 35 [0005] 5 - wireless communication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said modulated light (1) is an incoherent or coherent light, respectively emitted by a light source (9) such as a light emitting diode or a laser diode. [0006] 6 - wireless communication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said modulated light (1) is emitted by the light source (9) in ranges of wavelengths corresponding to the visible, ultraviolet and / or infrared. [0007] 7 - wireless communication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said source data (2) can be a reference signal or communication data. [0008] 8 - Visible light communication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said device comprises a plurality of emission modules (10a, 10b, 10c) which emit modulated lights (1a, 1b, 1c) with different modulation characteristics, the photodetector (11) being integrated with a moving object which successively receives one or other of said modulated lights (1a, 1b, 1c) and having an electronic adaptation means (13) impedance capable of maximizing the data rate transmitted by each of said transmission modules (10a, 10b, 10c). 20 [0009] 9 - impedance matching method of the photodetector (11) of the wireless communication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: (f) initialize the communication; (G) setting an initial impedance value (IM) by the electronic means (13), said value being a function of the nature of the photodetector (11); (h) setting a criterion representative of the quality of the received electrical signal which is acceptable for the communication, called acceptable quality criterion (CQ_Acc); (i) adjusting the impedance of the photodetector (11) in successive increments so as to maximize the criterion representative of the level of the electrical signal received, as long as the criterion representative of the quality of the electrical signal received is better than the criterion of acceptable quality (CQ_Acc); (j) transmitting the modulated light signal (1) containing the communication data. 35 [0010] 10 - Impedance matching method of the photodetector (11) of the wireless communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: (0 initializing the communication; g) setting an initial impedance value (IM) by the electronic means (13), said value being a function of the nature of the photodetector (11); (h) adjusting the impedance of the photodetector (11) in successive increments; to improve the criterion representative of the quality of the received electrical signal, said best criterion representative of the quality of the electrical signal received being called quality criterion optimized to an impedance defined as a pre-optimized impedance; (i) to adjust the pre-optimized impedance -optimized photodetector (11) in successive increments so as to maximize the criterion representative of the level of the received electric signal, as long as the criterion representative of the uality of said received electrical signal is better than the optimized quality criterion; (J) transmitting the modulated light signal (1) containing the communication data. [0011] 11 - Impedance matching method of the photodetector (11) of the wireless communication device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the initialization of the communication consists in transmitting via the transmission module (10) a header signal associated with a known reference signal of the receiving module (20). [0012] 12 - Impedance matching method of the photodetector (11) of the wireless communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the criterion representative of the quality of the transmitted signal is a characteristic of the Fourier transform, a bit error rate, a frame error rate or a packet error rate of the transmitted signal. [0013] 13 - Impedance matching method of the photodetector (11) of the wireless communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the criterion representative of the level of the transmitted signal is a signal-to-noise ratio , a peak-peak amplitude, a maximum amplitude or a minimum amplitude of the transmitted signal. [0014] 14 - Impedance matching method of the photodetector (11) of the wireless communication device according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the adjustment of the impedance of the photodetector (11) in successive increments in order to achieve a target criterion comprises steps of: (e) selecting an incrementing step (P); (f) measuring the criteria representative of the quality (CQ_Ref, CQ_1, CQ_2) or the level (CN_Ref, CN_1, CN_2) of the received electrical signal obtained respectively for the reference signal, for the signal received at an impedance (IM_1) equal to at the initial impedance plus the incrementing step (IM + P) and for the received signal at an impedance (IM_2) equal to the initial impedance minus the incrementing step (1M-P); (g) compare the criteria representative of the quality (CQ_Ref, CQ_1, CQ_2) or the level (CN_Ref, CN_1, CN_2) of the electrical signal received two by two, by setting an impedance value corresponding to the criterion referred to and taking as a new reference signal 10 the electrical signal received with said impedance value; (h) repeat the steps of measurement and comparison of bit error rates or signal-to-noise ratios by an iterative method, until the target criterion is reached by the electrical reference signal.
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公开号 | 公开日 CN107210814A|2017-09-26| US10680719B2|2020-06-09| EP3228026B1|2020-05-27| EP3228026A1|2017-10-11| US20170366276A1|2017-12-21| CN107210814B|2020-01-31| FR3029373B1|2018-01-12| US10263710B2|2019-04-16| WO2016087725A1|2016-06-09| US20190222322A1|2019-07-18|
引用文献:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 FR1402737|2014-12-02| FR1402737A|FR3029373B1|2014-12-02|2014-12-02|ELECTRONIC DEVICE ASSOCIATED WITH A PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE FOR OPTIMIZING THE FLOW OF A VLC TYPE BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION|FR1402737A| FR3029373B1|2014-12-02|2014-12-02|ELECTRONIC DEVICE ASSOCIATED WITH A PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE FOR OPTIMIZING THE FLOW OF A VLC TYPE BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION| US15/532,927| US10263710B2|2014-12-02|2015-12-02|Electronic device associated with a photovoltaic module to optimise the throughput of a bidirectional VLC transmission| CN201580075163.9A| CN107210814B|2014-12-02|2015-12-02|Photovoltaic module-related electronic device for optimizing VLC type bidirectional transmission flows| PCT/FR2015/000218| WO2016087725A1|2014-12-02|2015-12-02|Electronic device associated with a photovoltaic module to optimise the throughput of a bidirectional vlc transmission| EP15820206.9A| EP3228026B1|2014-12-02|2015-12-02|Electronic device associated with a photovoltaic module to optimise the throughput of a bidirectional vlc transmission| US16/359,067| US10680719B2|2014-12-02|2019-03-20|Electronic device associated with a photovoltaic module to optimise the throughput of a bidirectional VLC transmission| 相关专利
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